CN103109333A

CN103109333A - System and method for transfering power inductively over an extended region

Info

Publication number: CN103109333A
Application number: CN2011800320644A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 埃兰·魏斯恩特恩; 阿勒克·罗费; 阿米拉·本-沙洛姆; 盖伊·拉韦哈; 埃利泽·马奇; 奥奥拉·格林沃尔德
Original assignee: Powermat Ltd
Current assignee: Powermat Technologies Ltd
Priority date: 2010-04-30
Filing date: 2011-04-28
Publication date: 2013-05-15
Also published as: US20130049484A1; US9478991B2; WO2011135571A2; WO2011135571A3; EP2564403B1; KR101801998B1; KR20130105785A; JP2013529451A; EP2564403A2

Abstract

An inductive power transfer system operable in a plurality of modes comprising an inductive power transmitter capable of providing power to the inductive power receiver over an extended region. The system may be switchable between the various modes by means of a mode selector operable to activate various features as required, such as: an alignment mechanism a resonance tuner, an auxiliary coil arrangement or a resonance seeking arrangement. Associated methods are taught.

Description

The system and method for induction electric energy transmitting in elongated area

Technical field

Execution mode disclosed herein relates to inductive electric energy transmission system.Particularly, execution mode relates in elongated area the operationally inductive electric energy transmission system of electric energy transmitting.

Background technology

As be known in the art, the induction electric energy coupling is not having in the connecting line situation from power delivery to electric loading energy.Power cable is connected to primary coil and applies vibration potential through primary coil, thus induced oscillation magnetic field.Induced oscillation electric current in the secondary coil that oscillating magnetic field can be placed at contiguous primary coil.By this way, electric energy is transferred to secondary coil by electromagnetic induction, two coils of by electricity, not led connection from primary coil.When electric energy transfers to secondary coil from primary coil, claim this coil to for induction coupling.Coil inductively coupled with now when secondary wire, the electric loading be connected with this secondary coil series connection wire can obtain energy from the power supply that is wired to primary coil.

The induction type power output can be preferably more common conduction supply socket, because they provide seamless power delivery and minimize the demand of dragging line.

In secondary inductor, the intensity of the scope of induction transmission and induced voltage is both according to providing to the concussion frequency change of the current potential of primary inductor.When the concussion frequency equals the resonance frequency of system, induced voltage is the strongest.Resonance frequency fR depends on coefficient of self-inductance L and the capacitor C of system, according to equation

f_{R} = \frac{1}{2 π \sqrt{LC} .}

Energy transmission efficiency depends on a plurality of parameters, comprising: the resonance frequency of system, the distance between the transmission frequency of work and primary induction coil and secondary induction coil and aligning.Have for the coil-span of change condition that can Adaptive change and wide region from the demand of inductive electric energy transmission system.

Summary of the invention

Execution mode described herein is disclosed in exercisable inductive electric energy transmission system in a plurality of patterns, it comprise following at least one: induction electric energy electrical appliance, and induction electric energy receiver.A plurality of patterns can realize that the induction electric energy electrical appliance provides electric energy to the induction electric energy receiver in elongated area.

The induction electric energy electrical appliance can comprise: at least one primary inductor, and it is configured to and at least one secondary inductor induction coupling, and at least one exciter, and it is configured to be provided at the vibration potential of driving frequency through primary inductor.The induction power supply receiver can comprise that at least one can be connected to the secondary inductor of receiving circuit and electric loading, and secondary inductor is configured to and at least one primary inductor induction coupling, makes delivery of electrical energy to electric loading.

According to each execution mode, except other element, inductive electric energy transmission system may further include and is selected from following a plurality of features:

Registration mechanism: be configured to when inductive electric energy transmission system is worked in first mode, at least one secondary inductor is aimed at at least one primary inductor;

The resonance tuner, when inductive electric energy transmission system is worked in the second pattern, it can operate the resonance frequency that makes driving frequency coupling receiving circuit;

Ancillary coil is arranged, is comprised with the exercisable a plurality of ancillary coils of following at least one pattern: conductor pattern, Repeater-mode and transmission mode; And

Layout is looked in resonance, but the natural frequency of its time-and-motion study inductive electric energy transmission system.Optionally, inductive electric energy transmission system further comprises mode selector, and it is configured at least between first mode and the second pattern, switch inductive electric energy transmission system.

Optionally, inductive electric energy transmission system further comprises the range sensor (proximity sensor) of monitoring secondary inductor to the primary inductor distance.

Optionally, inductive electric energy transmission system further comprises the position transducer of the position of at least one in monitoring primary sensor and secondary transducers.

Optionally, the resonance tuner comprises that at least one optionally can be connected to the capacitor of receiving circuit.

Optionally, the resonance tuner comprises that at least one optionally can be connected to the inductor of receiving circuit.

Optionally, the resonance tuner comprises feedback mechanism, and it is configured to send control signals to the induction electric energy electrical appliance, makes the induction electric energy electrical appliance select the driving frequency resonated with receiving circuit.

Optionally, registration mechanism comprises at least one magnetic flux guide, and it is configured to magnetic flux is directed to secondary inductor from primary inductor.

Optionally, magnetic flux guide comprises first ferrite core relevant to primary inductor and second ferrite core relevant with secondary inductor.

Optionally, magnetic flux guide further comprises magnetic screen.

Optionally, registration mechanism comprises at least one actuator, is configured at least one in mobile secondary inductor and primary inductor.

Optionally, ancillary coil is arranged and is comprised: at least one ancillary coil; At least one controller, it is configured to select the mode of operation of ancillary coil; With at least one switch unit, it operationally optionally is connected to ancillary coil at least one in conductor pattern piece, repeater mode block and transmission mode piece.

Induction electric energy electrical appliance described herein can be exercisable with at least two kinds of patterns.Electrical appliance can comprise: at least one primary inductor, and it is configured to the secondary inductor induction coupling be connected with electric loading, makes delivery of electrical energy to electric loading; At least one exciter, it is configured to provide the vibration potential through primary inductor; At least one registration mechanism, it is configured to, when the induction electric energy electrical appliance operates in first mode, secondary inductor be aimed at primary inductor; With at least one resonance tuner, it is configured to when the induction electric energy electrical appliance operates in the second pattern, selects the driving frequency of vibration potential, and driving frequency is selected the resonance frequency of the receiving circuit that coupling is relevant to secondary inductor.

Optionally, the induction electric energy electrical appliance further comprises mode selector, and it is provided in switching induction electric energy electrical appliance between first mode and the second pattern.

Optionally, exciter is configured to when operating in first mode, in off-resonance frequency excitation primary inductor.

Electric equipment disclosed herein comprises this induction electric energy electrical appliance.

Induction electric energy receiver disclosed herein is can operate with at least two kinds of patterns.Receiver can comprise: at least one secondary inductor, and it can be connected to electric loading, and is configured to be coupled with at least one primary inductor induction of at least one induction electric energy electrical appliance, makes delivery of electrical energy to electric loading; At least one registration mechanism, it is configured to when the induction electric energy receiver operates in first mode, and the second inductor is aimed at the first inductor; With at least one resonance tuner, it is configured to when the induction electric energy receiver operates in the second pattern, and tuning receiving circuit is to resonance frequency, and resonance frequency is selected the transmission frequency of coupling far-end primary inductor.

Optionally, the induction electric energy receiver further comprises mode selector, and it is provided in switching induction electric energy receiver between first mode and the second pattern.

Optionally, mode selector is configured to the data selection operator scheme relevant according to the position of primary inductor.

Optionally, the induction electric energy receiver further comprises the range sensor of monitoring secondary inductor to the distance of primary inductor.

Optionally, the induction electric energy receiver further comprises the position transducer of the position of monitoring primary inductor.

Optionally, the resonance tuner comprises optionally attachable capacitor of at least one and receiving circuit.

Optionally, the resonance tuner comprises optionally attachable inductor of at least one and receiving circuit.

Electric equipment disclosed herein comprises this induction electric energy receiver.

In addition, instruct that inductively electric energy transmitting is to the method for at least one electric loading, it comprises: obtain the induction electric energy electrical appliance that contains exciter and primary coil; Obtain containing the induction electric energy receiver of the secondary coil that is connected to electric loading, the induction electric energy receiver can operate with at least two patterns, be included between primary inductor and secondary inductor closely-coupled first mode is provided, and loosely-coupled the second pattern is provided between primary inductor and secondary inductor; Exciter provides the oscillating potential difference through primary inductor; Select the mode of operation of inducing receiver.

The method of the one side instruction calibration inductive electric energy transmission system of invention described herein, described system comprises the induction electric energy electrical appliance that is coupled at least one induction electric energy receiver.The method comprises the resonance frequency of mensuration system and selects to be different from the step of the operating frequency of resonance frequency.

According to various execution modes, the step of measuring the resonance frequency of system comprises following sub-step: provide and drive current potential to the induction electric energy electrical appliance in the vibration of sampling driving frequency; Record drives the output response of current potential; Increase the sampling driving frequency; These sub-steps repeatedly; With the output voltage response of recording a plurality of discrete sampling driving frequencies, obtain thus the characteristic response figure of system.

Typically, characteristic response figure comprises formant and a plurality of resonance peak.Correspondingly, the step of the resonance frequency of mensuration system can comprise following other sub-step: the driving frequency of identification formant.Alternatively, the step of the resonance frequency of mensuration system comprises following other sub-step: the driving frequency of identification n rank resonance peak; With the driving frequency of n rank resonance divided by n+1.It should be noted that in the different time n=2, n=3 etc.

Optionally, the step of selecting to be different from the operating frequency of resonance frequency comprises selects to equal the frequency that resonance frequency is multiplied by scale factor.Scale factor can be selected between 50% and 90%.Alternatively, scale factor can be selected between 110% and 150%.

According to a further aspect in the invention, disclosed inductive electric energy transmission system comprises at least one induction electric energy delivery outlet, described delivery outlet contains at least one and is wired to the primary induction coil of power supply through exciter, exciter is configured to provide the driving voltage through primary induction coil, driving voltage is in the transmission frequency vibration of the resonance frequency that significantly is different from the induction coupling, primary coil is configured to and at least one secondary induction coil formation induction coupling that is wired to electric loading, and secondary induction coil is relevant to the induction power supply receiver; Wherein inductive transmission systems is configured to from the resonance frequency of measuring the induction coupling.

The open alignment system of this paper, it is configured to and can operates the primary inductor that makes the induction power supply electrical appliance aim at the secondary inductor in target area.System can comprise the first actuator be configured to along the first path movement primary inductor; Be configured to along the second actuator of the second path movement secondary inductor.And, introduce thus the inductive electric energy transmission system that contains this alignment system.

Optionally, at least one in the first actuator and the second actuator comprises stepping motor.Alternatively, or in addition, at least one in the first actuator and the second actuator comprises piezoelectric element.

Primary inductor can be coupled to first dirver and first dirver is coupled to the second exciter.Alternatively, primary inductor can couple directly to first dirver and the second exciter.In suitable situation, the first path and the second path quadrature towards.Optionally, first dirver and the second exciter are in adjacent one another are.

In selective system, at least one in first dirver and the second exciter is configured to increment along associated path.These increments are optional from low resolution increment and high-resolution increment.

Particularly, system further comprises and is arranged to show the range sensor of primary inductor to the distance of secondary inductor.This range sensor can comprise and is selected from following at least one: voltage monitor, power monitor, electric current monitor and their combination.

Optionally, system may further include and is arranged to accept from range sensor the controller that transducing signal and control first dirver and the second exciter move.But sort controller can comprise the processor that operation guide first dirver and the second exciter move, make primary inductor move into secondary inductor and aim at.

Differently, processor can be configured to select to send to according to following steps the actuated signal of actuator: (step a) is accepted transducing signal from range sensor; (step b) sends to the first actuated signal by actuated signal, moves primary inductor forward along the first path by an increment thus; (step c) accepts new transducing signal from range sensor; (steps d 1) if new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, so repeating step b and step c; (steps d 2), if new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, sends reverse actuated signal so to the first actuator, moves primary inductor backward along the first path by an increment thus; (step e) sends to the second actuator by actuated signal, moves primary inductor forward along the second path by an increment thus; (step f) accepts new transducing signal from range sensor; (step g 1) if new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, so repeating step e and step f; (step g 2), if new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, sends reverse actuated signal so to the second actuator, moves primary inductor backward along the second path by an increment thus.

When controller is configured to send the low resolution actuated signal,---it is configured to move primary inductor and high-resolution signal by larger increment---is when it is configured to move primary inductor by less increment, processor can further be arranged to follow other step: (step h) high-resolution actuated signal sends to the first actuator, moves primary inductor forward along the first path by a little increment thus; (step I) accepts new transducing signal from range sensor; (step j1) if new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, so repeating step h and step I; (step j2), if new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, sends reverse high actuated signal so to the first actuator, moves primary inductor backward along the first path by a little increment thus; (step k) high-resolution actuated signal sends to the second actuator, moves primary inductor forward along the second path by a little increment thus; (step l) accepts new transducing signal from range sensor; (step m1) if new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, so repeating step k and step l; (step m2) is if new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, send so reverse high-resolution actuated signal to the second actuator, move primary inductor backward along the second path by a little increment thus.

Correspondingly, the primary inductor of inductive electric energy transmission system and the method for the secondary inductor in target area are aimed in instruction.The method comprises provides the first actuator be configured to along the first path movement primary inductor; The second actuator be configured to along the second path movement secondary inductor is provided; The range sensor of the distance that is configured to show primary inductor and secondary inductor is provided; The controller that is configured to receive from range sensor the movement of transducing signal and control the first actuator and the second actuator is provided; Send at least one in actuated signal to the first actuator and the second actuator with controller, make primary inductor move into secondary inductor and aim at.

Optionally, the step of controller transmission actuated signal comprises: controller receives transducing signal from range sensor; Controller sends actuated signal to the first actuator, moves primary inductor forward along the first path by an increment thus; Controller receives the new transducing signal of accepting from range sensor; If new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, repetitive controller sends actuated signal and the step of accepting new transducing signal so; If new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, send so reverse actuated signal to the first actuator, move primary inductor backward along the first path by an increment thus; Controller sends actuated signal to the second actuator, moves primary inductor forward along the second path by an increment thus; Described controller is accepted new transducing signal from range sensor; If new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, repetitive controller sends actuated signal and the step that receives new transducing signal so; If show primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other with new transducing signal than previous signal, send so reverse actuated signal to secondary inductor, move primary inductor backward along the second path by an increment thus.

In suitable situation, method may further include following step: controller sends high-resolution actuated signal to the first actuator, moves primary inductor forward along the first path by a little increment thus; Controller receives the new transducing signal received from range sensor; If new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, repetitive controller sends high-resolution actuated signal and the step that receives new transducing signal so; If new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, send so reverse high-resolution actuated signal to the first actuator, move primary inductor backward along the first path by a little increment thus; Controller sends high-resolution actuated signal to the second actuator, moves primary inductor along the second path by a little increment thus previous; Controller is accepted new transducing signal from range sensor; If new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, repetitive controller sends actuated signal and the step that receives new transducing signal so; If show primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other with new transducing signal than previous signal, send so reverse high-resolution signal to the second actuator, this moves primary inductor backward along the second path by a little increment thus.

The execution mode of induction electric energy receiver provided herein has the receiving circuit that is configured to form with induction electric energy electrical appliance induction coupling inductive transmission systems, receiving circuit comprises that at least one is configured to the secondary inductor of the primary inductor induction coupling relevant to the induction electric energy electrical appliance, and adjuster, be configured to regulate the output voltage of receiving circuit, wherein adjuster comprises: at least one resonance changes assembly, with at least one, is configured to optionally be connected the switch unit that resonance changes assembly and receiving circuit.

Optionally, inductive transmission systems has the first resonance frequency and induction electric energy electrical appliance and generates transmission frequency significantly to be different from the first resonance frequency driving voltage through primary inductor.Typically, transmission frequency is higher than the first resonance frequency.Alternatively, transmission frequency is lower than the first resonance frequency.

Generally speaking, when resonance change assembly is connected to receiving circuit, induction transmission transmission system has the second resonance frequency.Typically, selective reaonance changes assembly, make transmission frequency than the first resonance frequency closer to the second resonance frequency.Optionally, can selective reaonance change assembly, make the second resonance frequency higher than the first resonance frequency.Alternatively, can selective reaonance change assembly, make the first resonance frequency higher than the second resonance frequency.

According to various execution modes, resonance changes assembly and comprises capacitor.According to other execution mode, resonance changes assembly and comprises inductor.Optionally, resonance change that assembly comprises selectively can parallel connected capacitor with secondary inductor.

Optionally, Switching power comprises at least one power supply MOSFET.Typically, switch unit is configured to connect resonance change assembly when output voltage is less than threshold value.

Some execution modes of induction electric energy receiver comprise the comparator be configured to whole output voltage and the comparison of at least one reference value.Correspondingly, switch unit can be configured to when output voltage is less than the first reference value, and the change assembly that will resonate is connected with acceptor circuit.Typically, switch unit is configured to when output voltage during higher than the first reference value, will resonate and change assembly and acceptor circuit disconnection.Optionally, adjuster can be arranged to further when output voltage during higher than the second reference value, will resonate and change assembly and acceptor circuit disconnection.Correspondingly, adjuster is arranged to when output voltage during lower than the second reference value, secondary inductor and acceptor circuit be disconnected further.

The output voltage of accepting circuit of inductive electric energy transmission system is regulated in instruction, and the method comprises the following steps: (a) – is with the transmission frequency excitation primary inductor of the first resonance frequency of being different from inductive electric energy transmission system for step; (b) – induction is through the secondary voltage of the secondary inductor relevant to receiving circuit for step; Step (the output voltage of c) – monitoring receiving circuit; (d) – is output voltage and the first reference value relatively for step; And step (if e) – output voltage is less than the first reference value, will resonate changes assembly and is connected with receiving circuit, makes the resonant frequency shift of inductive electric energy transmission system close to transmission frequency.

The type, the method may further include at least one step (vii) the following additional step - if the output voltage is above the second reference value, the second sensor and the receiving circuit is disconnected, in step (g) - When the output voltage equal to the first when a reference value, the change in the resonance circuit is disconnected components and receiver, and step (h) - when the output voltage is equal to the second reference value, will change the resonant circuit components and reconnect the receiver.

According to other execution mode, provide the electric equipment that is incorporated to the induction electric energy receiver.Differently, electricity equipment can be selected from: phone, media player, portable computer, walkman, portable music player, recording pen, Portable DVD player, mobile communication equipment, standard lamp, video tape recorder, DVD player, shredder, fan, photocopier, computer, printer, kitchen range, refrigerator, refrigerator-freezer, rinsing maching, dryer, heavy-duty machinery, desk lamp, the ambient lighting device, fan, radiophone, loud speaker, speaker-phone, videoconference base station unit (conference call base units), electric pencil sharpener, electric stapler, display device, digital photo frame, video display, projector, television set, video player, Music center, calculator, scanner, facsimile machine, hot plate, electric heating cup, mobile phone, hair-dryer, electric shaver, defoliator, destroyer (delapidators), heater, wax melting equipment, curler, shaver, Bathroom scales, the light broadcast receiver, egg-whisk, bread producing machine, juice extractor, orange juicer, vegetable juicer, food processor, electric knives, bread baker, the sandwich bread baker, Hua Fuji, the electricity barbecue, slow cooker, heating plate, deep fryer, electric frying pan, knife sharpener, household sterilizer, insulating pot, kettle, broadcast receiver, tape player, the CD player, electric can opener, corn popper and magnetic stirring apparatus etc.

Another kind of induction electric energy receiver is provided, its have be configured to and the induction coupling of induction electric energy electrical appliance to form the receiving circuit of inductive transmission systems, receiving circuit comprises that at least one is configured to the secondary inductor of the primary inductor coupling relevant to the induction power supply electrical appliance; Adjuster, be configured to regulate the output voltage of receiving circuit; And capacity cell, the terminal that it is connected through secondary inductor, make the electric current by primary inductor have level and smooth semisinusoidal figure.Optionally, adjuster can comprise at least one step-down DC/DC current transformer.In addition or alternatively, adjuster can comprise at least one O-shape circle diode.

The accompanying drawing explanation

For a better understanding of the present invention and show how it can realize this effect, just bright for instance, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Now specifically at length with reference to accompanying drawing, it is emphasized that the details illustrated is the bright and purpose discussed for the illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention for instance just, and to believe the most useful of principle of the present invention and concept aspect and hold intelligible description and propose in order to provide.In this, except the basic comprehension of necessity of the present invention, do not attempt to show in greater detail CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION of the present invention; Description with reference to accompanying drawing makes those skilled in the art can how to come to specialize with several forms in practice.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is presented at the main element block diagram of operationally responding to the inductive electric energy transmission system that the electric energy from the induction electric energy electrical appliance to the induction electric energy receiver is provided in elongated area;

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of representative induction electric energy transmitting to the method for at least one electric loading;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the illustrative embodiment of the feasible platform of induction that provides electric energy to arrive electric equipment with tight and loose coupled mode;

Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram that signal represents the possible embodiment of the resonance tuner that is connected to secondary inductor;

Fig. 5 is the block diagram of main element with inductive electric energy transmission system of feedback signal path;

The figure of the frequency situation of Fig. 6 inductive electric energy transmission system how be the amplitude that shows operating voltage to change along with transmission frequency;

Fig. 7 means that portable computer obtains the schematic diagram of electric energy from the induction electric energy delivery outlet;

Fig. 8 means the figure of the extension frequency situation of the inductive electric energy transmission system that shows a formant and two resonance peaks;

Fig. 9 is the flow chart of step of possible method of operating frequency that show to measure the execution mode of inductive electric energy transmission system;

Figure 10 provides the schematic diagram of the further inductive electric energy transmission system of electric energy to two receiver comprising the electrical appliance of a plurality of primary inductor;

Figure 11 means the schematic diagram of the primary clustering of the induction electric energy delivery outlet that is incorporated to Automatic Alignment System;

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of primary inductor and the possible navigation system of using in Automatic Alignment System that the X-Y workbench is combined therein;

Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of the optional navigation system used in Automatic Alignment System;

Figure 14 is the flow chart that shows the general step of the alignment procedures of being carried out by navigation system;

Figure 15 A and 15B show respectively the flow chart of the possible method of coarse location and precision positioning;

Figure 16 A is presented at a kind of possibility geometric figure of the possible ancillary coil layout of using in the induction field transmission system;

Figure 16 B is presented at the possible ancillary coil circuit configured in conductor pattern;

Figure 16 C is presented at the possible ancillary coil circuit configured in the transponder pattern;

Figure 16 D is presented at the possible ancillary coil circuit configured in transmission mode;

Figure 16 E signal shows the possible position with respect to the secondary coil of primary inductor and an ancillary coil;

Figure 16 F shows the main element that is provided in the possible ancillary coil circuit of toggle guides circle 820 in a plurality of patterns;

Figure 17 A and 17B are the block diagrams of primary clustering that shows two execution modes of the inductive electric energy transmission system comprise the receiver end adjuster;

Figure 18 comprises that the resonance that be directed in receiving circuit changes the schematic block diagram of main electric assembly of the inductive electric energy transmission system of assembly;

Figure 19 shows that changing assembly with resonance is connected with the output voltage of the secondary inductor of unconnected illustrative embodiments how along with the figure of transmission frequency variation;

Figure 20 is according to the electrical appliance of the inductive electric energy transmission system of going back another execution mode and the circuit diagram of acceptor circuit;

Figure 21 is the flow chart shown according to the method that also the use receiver base adjuster adjusting induction electric energy of another execution mode transmits;

Figure 22 is the block diagram that shows the main electric assembly of the fixed frequency inductive electric energy transmission system that comprises the receiver end adjuster; With

Figure 23 A and 23B mean that representative comprises the mode circuit figure of further embodiment of the inductive electric energy transmission system of receiver end adjuster.

Embodiment

Referring now to Fig. 1, it is presented at the various element block diagrams of operationally responding to the inductive electric energy transmission system 100 that the electric energy from induction electric energy electrical appliance 200 to the induction electric energy receiver is provided in elongated area.

Induction electric energy electrical appliance 200 comprises primary inductor 240, exciter 230 and optionally comprises location mechanism 210.Induction electric energy electrical appliance 200 can be connected to power supply 240 such as commercial power socket, transformer, power pack, solar panel etc.The driving frequency that exciter 230 operationally provides to select is passed the variable electric potential of primary inductor 220, produces thus the resonant field of contiguous primary inductor 220.It should be noted that this resonant field can be for the current potential of the secondary inductor 320 of responding to contiguous inducing receiver 300.

Induction electric energy receiver 300 comprises the secondary inductor 320 that is wired to electric loading through receiving circuit 310.When secondary inductor 320 is placed on the resonant field the inside produced by primary inductor 220, generate the resonance induced voltage.

The electric energy range of receiving that induction electric energy receiver 300 can receive the electric energy of induction electric energy electrical appliance 200 may depend on a plurality of factors, comprises the size of the intensity of resonant field and extension, primary inductor and position, the frequency of delivery of electrical energy, the resonance frequency of receiving circuit 310, efficiency of delivery of electrical energy etc.

The feature of inductive electric energy transmission system 100 described herein can make the electric energy range of receiving extend, and makes effectively induction electric energy transmission in larger zone.Particularly, system 100 can be configured to have a plurality of operational modes such as the loose couplings pattern, make effectively induction electric energy transmission in short scope, wherein primary inductor 220 can be aimed at secondary inductor 320 and the loose couplings pattern, makes actual induction delivery of electrical energy in longer scope.

The electrical appliance functional character of system 100 especially can comprise location mechanism 210, and it can be provided mobile primary inductor 220 and enter into the position that is more suitable for transferring in the electric energy induction inducing receiver 300.For example, when inductive electric energy transmission system 100 operates with the loose couplings pattern, location mechanism 210 can for as registration mechanism 500 at least partly, so that primary inductor 220 is aimed at secondary inductor 320.Correspondingly, can provide actuator mobile primary inductor 220 in target area.Various navigation systems can be used in combination with inductive electric energy transmission system, and for example, such as reference Figure 11-15, following institute is described.When inductive electric energy transmission system 100 is described work with loose couplings, location mechanism 210 also can be for more effectively locating primary inductor 220 with better electric energy transmitting, sight line between primary inductor 220 and secondary inductor 320 for example is provided, and here this can provide efficiency etc.

The receiver functional character of system 100 especially can comprise receiving circuit 310, and it can comprise provides regulation output voltage to become the form that is suitable for electric loading 340.According to each system, adjuster 330 can comprise rectification circuit, voltage control circuit, current control circuit etc.Optionally, induction electric energy receiver 300 may further include resonance tuner 332, and it can arrive for the resonance frequency of regulating receiving circuit 310 and be applicable to demand.An example of this system is being described referring to Fig. 4.

It should be noted that, inductive electric energy transmission system 100 may further include telecommunication circuit 700 and registration mechanism 500.Provide telecommunication circuit 700 to make communication between induction electric energy receiver 300 and induction electric energy electrical appliance 200.Data can be transmitted between induction electric energy receiver 300 and induction electric energy electrical appliance 200, described data relate to: their relative positions, identification, operating voltage, electric current, temperature or power that operational factor such as electric loading 340 requires, be provided to measuring voltage, electric current, temperature or the power of electric loading 340 at run duration, etc.And telecommunication circuit 700 can be for the communication feedback signal from receiver 300 to electrical appliance 200, instruction exciter 230 is regulated running parameter such as driving voltage, electric current or frequencies.

Various telecommunication circuits 700 can be for system, such as sending the coding optical signalling to for example light-emitting diode of phototransistor in short distance.For illustrative purposes, the light electrical appliance, such as for example light-emitting diode (LED), can be incorporated in secondary units 300 and can penetrate secondary units 300 and the types of housings of the defeated delivery outlet 200 of power supply and the electromagnetic radiation of intensity with transmission.Optical receiver, such as photodiode, phototransistor, photo resistance etc., can be incorporated into for the defeated delivery outlet 200 of the power supply of receiving electromagnetic radiation.

In system, wherein the aligning between electrical appliance and receiver may be to be difficult to realize, light signal may be inappropriate, and optional telecommunication circuit can be preferentially such as the ultrasonic signal transmitted by piezoelectric element or radio signal such as bluetooth (Bluetooth), WiFi etc.Alternatively, primary and secondary inductor 220,320 can be used electric current and/or voltage modulated, frequency modulation(FM) etc. self transmission signal of communication.

Provide registration mechanism 500 to realize the aligning between primary inductor 220 and secondary inductor 320.When inductive electric energy transmission system 100, during with the loose couplings work pattern, this can be useful especially.Good alignment between primary inductor 220 and secondary inductor 320 can improve the efficiency of Energy Transfer and reduce the electromagnetic radiation in entered environment.

Registration mechanism 500 can comprise: location mechanism 210 such as describing referring to Figure 11-15, is configured to by the aligning magnet of secondary inductor 320 grappling primary inductor 220 visible indication, audio frequency indication, sense of touch indication etc.The example of registration mechanism can find in common unsettled Application No. 12/524,987, and it is incorporated to this paper by reference.

Registration mechanism 500 may further include magnetic flux guide 600.Provide magnetic flux guide 600 with direct magnetic flux from primary inductor 220 to secondary inductor 320, and reduce to the magnetic leakage of surrounding environment, during particularly with the close-coupled work pattern.Magnetic flux guide 600 can comprise ferromagnetic core and magnetic screen.Can provide ferromagnetic core to arrive secondary inductor with the magnetic flux that guides active primary inductor.

Be only for illustrative purposes, for example, a kind of such magnetic core is built by the amorphous ferromagnetic material, may be to cut into wafer from about 20 micron thick.Ferromagnetic core can be comprised of two kinds of amorphous ferromagnetic wafers.The first wafer can stick on primary inductor 220 and the second wafer can stick on the first wafer.Then two kinds of wafers can be used as direct magnetic flux ferromagnetic core of 320 from the primary inductor to the secondary inductor.Optionally, ferromagnetic wafer can have radial fissure, to stop the accumulation of the resonant field vortex flow in wafer produced due to primary inductor 220.When wafer has circular cross-section, crack can directly extend internally from circumference.

Can provide magnetic screen to stop magnetic leakage to enter in surrounding environment.Magnetic screen can be made by thin amorphous ferromagnetic material piece, and can stick on printed circuit board (PCB) by adhesive dielectric layers.

To recognize, in the time of on inducing receiver conductive surface or the equipment that contains conductor assembly, magnetic screen is particular importance.Therefore, for example, when this induction electric energy receiver 300 is arranged on electric equipment, such as computer, mobile phone etc., magnetic screen can prevent that magnetic flux is leaked into the metal assembly of electric equipment and prevents from making their heating.

Amorphous ferroelectric film can have the approximately thickness of 20 microns.Polymeric layer compressing tablet on two sides is during by lamination, approximately 60 microns of the whole thickness of amorphous ferroelectric film.Therefore, be different from for other iron element in inductor system direct magnetic flux, nonferromagnetic material can be for the manufacture of very thin magnetic flux guiding element.It is flexibly with unobtrusive that thin magnetic flux guiding element makes the induction electric energy receiver conversely.To recognize, in the Design and manufacture of the setting that inducing receiver is installed, these considerations are very important.Outside other method, the whole bag of tricks of being manufactured flux channeled element by the amorphous ferromagnetic material comprises: printing, impression, cutting, amorphous ferromagnetic conductive strips cloth (amorphous ferromagnetic microwire cloth) etc.

Depend on the circumstances, other magnetic flux guide 600 can be combined with inductive electric energy transmission system.

Correspondingly, when inductive electric energy transmission system 100, during with the close-coupled work pattern, induction electric energy receiver 300 is aimed at induction electric energy electrical appliance 200 simultaneously, the magnetic line of force seals generally, has reduced during operation the possible magnetic radiation to environment.

As above, show, as this paper describes, the uniqueness of inductive electric energy transmission system 100 is that it can be configured to a plurality of work patterns, such as close-coupled pattern, loose couplings pattern or other pattern of depending on the circumstances.Correspondingly, can provide electrical appliance end mode selector 234 and/or receiver end mode selector 324 between various mode of operations, to switch inductive electric energy transmission system.

According to various multi-mode inductive electric energy transmission systems 100, mode selector 234,324 can be manual or automatic.Optionally, can provide automatic mode starter mechanism 3050, the relative position of monitoring induction electric energy electrical appliance and induction electric energy receiver 300, and the selection coupled mode that depends on the circumstances.This pattern starter 3050 can comprise transducer such as position transducer 3052, range sensor 3054 etc.

Referring now to the flow chart of Fig. 2, mean the method for induction electric energy transmitting at least one electric loading.The method comprises the following steps: the induction electric energy Shu Dian Qi – step (i) that obtains comprising exciter and primary inductor; Obtain comprising the induction electric energy receiver of the secondary inductor that is connected to electric loading, the induction electric energy receiver can operate with at least two kinds of patterns, comprises close-coupled pattern and loose couplings mould formula – step (ii); Provide poor through the oscillation potential of primary inductor, may be through the single first – step (iii) of blasting; Make Mo Shi – step (iv) with the Gong that selects inducing receiver.

Referring now to Fig. 3, show the schematic diagram of the illustrative embodiment of the feasible platform 10 of induction.Platform 10, it can be desktop, sensing pad etc., comprises a plurality of embedded induction electric energy electrical appliance 20a-c.Induction electric energy electrical appliance 20a-c is configured to respond to electric energy transmitting to the induction electric energy receiver 32a-c that is incorporated to various household appliances.Settle computer 30a, make the induction electric energy receiver 32a of one aim at the first induction electric energy electrical appliance 20a, correspondingly, the first induction electric energy electrical appliance 20a can be with the close-coupled work pattern.Settle desk lamp 30b, make its one induction electric energy receiver 32b aim at the second induction electric energy electrical appliance 20b, correspondingly, the second electric energy electrical appliance also can be with the close-coupled work pattern.Therefore, electric energy can transfer to computer 30a and desk lamp 30b, therefrom considerably less electromagnetic radiation leakage with effective means.

It should be noted that, although the 3rd induction electric energy electrical appliance 20c is available, and the induction electric energy receiver 32c with one is placed on platform, and the induction electric energy receiver 32c of phone does not aim at the 3rd induction electric energy electrical appliance 20c.The feature of inductive electric energy transmission system described herein is that induction electric energy electrical appliance 20c can be coupled by loosely with non-aligned induction electric energy receiver 32c, makes phone 30c remotely to charge.

Correspondingly, referring back to Fig. 1, induction electric energy system 100 can have at least one inductuner 322, operationally makes the driving frequency of induction electric energy electrical appliance 200 and the resonance frequency coupling of receiving circuit 310.

The intensity of the induced voltage in the secondary inductor of induction coupling changes according to the frequency of oscillation of the current potential that is provided to primary inductor.When frequency of oscillation equals the resonance frequency of system, induced voltage is the strongest.According to equation

f_{R} = \frac{1}{2 π \sqrt{LC} £ \neg}

The resonance frequency f of system _RThe induction coefficient L and the capacitor C that depend on system.Induction coefficient L and the capacitor C self of system depend on a plurality of parameters, such as the induction coefficient of primary inductor, the induction coefficient of secondary inductor, the electric capacity of reception and the circuit etc. of transmitting electricity.Because in inductive transmission systems, some these parameters may be variable, natural reonant frequency f _RMensuration and tuningly can expect.

Receiver end resonance tuner 322 can comprise variable capacitor or the capacitor group that optionally can be connected to receiving circuit 310, in order to change resonance frequency f _R.Alternatively, or additionally, receiver end tuner 322 can comprise variable inductor or the inductor group that optionally can be connected to sensor circuit 310, in order to change resonance frequency f _R, purpose is the driving frequency of coupling induction electric energy electrical appliance.

Receiver end resonance tuner

Referring now to Fig. 4, it is the circuit diagram that signal represents the possible embodiment of the resonance tuner 322 that is connected to secondary inductor 320.Resonance tuner 322 comprises controller 323, a plurality of capacitor C _1-nWith a plurality of switch S _1-n.

Controller 323 is configured to and operationally optionally activates switch S _1-nConnect capacitor C _1-nWith secondary inductor 320, the natural reonant frequency of regulating thus receiving circuit.

Controller 323 can comprise the processor of carrying out for tuning receiving circuit, and purpose is to realize the expectation efficiency of delivery of electrical energy.Particularly, in the loose couplings pattern, controller can tuning receiving circuit, makes the driving frequency of resonance frequency coupling primary inductor 220.Alternatively, when not needing the resonance transmission of electricity, such as, for example, in the loose couplings pattern, controller can arrive the frequency more higher or lower than the driving frequency scope of primary inductor by tuning receiving circuit.

It should be noted that, according to different operating cycle (duty cycles), the capacitor C of various capacitance _1-nCan or connect with the receiving circuit parallel connection, purpose is realize expectation tuning.Alternatively, can provide a plurality of capacitors with similar capacitance, as required, a plurality of capacitors can optionally switch and enter into circuit.And as required, the nearer and resonance further away from each other by tuning circuit, can be used this capacitor group to regulate the induction electric energy transmission of constant driving frequency.Alternatively, with this receiver end electric energy, regulate combination, can the frequency of utilization modulation.

In going back other system, can provide electrical appliance end resonance tuner.For example, the exciter 230 of induction electric energy electrical appliance 200 can comprise frequency selector 232, and it is suitable for the driving frequency of receiving circuit 310 resonance of selection and induction electric energy receiver 300.

The feature of resonance delivery of electrical energy is that electric energy is delivered to the resonance receiving circuit basically.Therefore, will recognize and can select driving frequency, and make electric energy to be provided to specific induction electric energy receiver or one group of receiver from the induction electric energy delivery outlet.Therefore, in the loose couplings pattern, can provide the resonance delivery of electrical energy when needed.

Yet, it should be noted that when system the off-resonance delivery of electrical energy can be preferred during with the close-coupled work pattern.The lateral displacement that an advantage of transmitting electricity with the off-resonance electric energy of close-coupled pattern is secondary electric energy receiving element changes the aligning between secondary inductor 320 and primary induction coil 220.Owing to changing, aim at, the right combination induction coefficient of coil changes, and it changes the resonance frequency of system conversely.If induction electric energy delivery outlet 200 changes resonance frequency with the resonance frequency of system, even so little transverse shifting will significantly reduce the amplitude of induced voltage.When induction electric energy delivery outlet 200 is very shallow with the slope of off-resonance frequency transmission of electricity electric energy and resonance figure, system has larger variation tolerance, such as transverse shifting.Another advantage of off-resonance transmission of electricity is to use transmission frequency to regulate delivery of electrical energy.Various off-resonance inductive electric energy transmission systems can be used together with the system such as in applicant's U.S. Patent application 12/883,457 common co-pending, and the content of this U.S. Patent application is incorporated to this paper with its integral body by reference.

Frequency is selected

Inductive electric energy transmission system can be provided in the resonance frequency transmission of electricity electric energy of induction coupling, or alternatively with off-resonance frequency transmission of electricity electric energy.In arbitrary situation, the eigentone of understanding system is useful.Can apply Tuning mechanism, purpose is to maintain with expected frequency to transmit electricity.

The induction electric energy transmission system can, according to strictly regulating manufacture, make resonance frequency determine in advance.Yet, it should be noted that this strictly regulating may force restriction on the tolerance of manufacturing process.Therefore, during quality control, the operation product of alternate manner may be rejected.To recognize that this restriction a large amount of overheads that induce one increase the cost of the manufacture of system thus widely.Therefore, the system that has a preset frequency is very difficult to produce in batches in the economically feasible mode.

Execution mode described below provides the induction electric energy transmission system that can detect during operation they self resonance frequency.

The off-resonance operation

Referring now to Fig. 5, its demonstration is suitable for the block diagram with the main element of the inductive electric energy transmission system 101 of off-resonance frequency transmission of electricity electric energy.Inductive electric energy transmission system 101 is by being configured to provide electric energy to form to the induction electric energy delivery outlet 200 of remote secondary unit 300.Induction electric energy delivery outlet 200 comprises the primary induction coil 220 that is wired to power supply 240 through exciter 230.Exciter 230 is configured to provide the vibration driving voltage to primary induction coil 220.

Secondary units 300 comprises the secondary induction coil 320 that is wired to electric loading 340, and itself and primary induction coil 220 inductions are coupled.Electric loading 340 obtains electric energy from power supply 240.Communication port 1020 can be at the electrical appliance relevant to secondary units 1022 and the receiver 1024 relevant with induction electric energy delivery outlet 200.Communication port 120 can provide the exciter 230 by the time such as feedback signal S.

In some embodiments, provide voltage peak detector 1040 to detect large increase in transmission voltage.This peak detector 1040 can be for detection of the inducing one of the removal of singularity such as secondary units 200, power drain, short circuit etc.

Fig. 6 is the figure that the amplitude of the operating voltage of demonstration inductive electric energy transmission system changes according to transmission frequency.It should be noted that, when transmission frequency equals the resonance frequency f of system _RThe time, voltage is at its highest point, and this peak swing is known for formant 2.Need to further illustrate, in the 4a of formant 2 either sides, 4b zone, the slope of this figure is steepest.Therefore, in inductive transmission systems, it is in resonance or work around resonance, and the variation that frequency is little causes the change that induced voltage is large.Similarly, the variation that the resonance frequency of system is little causes the change that induced voltage is large.For this reason, prior art resonance inductive transmission systems generally for environmental condition medium and small fluctuation or the alignment change between induction coil very responsive.

Characteristic is exciter 230 (Fig. 5) but is configured to and the mode of operation driving voltage, and it vibrates with transmission frequency, and this transmission frequency significantly is different from the resonance frequency of induction coupling.Preferably, select transmission frequency to be arranged in one that approaches the range of

linearity

6,8, here the slope of frequency and amplitude figure is minimum precipitous.

The sensitiveness of transverse shifting

The advantage at this execution mode of off-resonance frequencies operations now can illustrate with reference to Fig. 7.Schematic diagram shows that portable computer 340 obtains electric energy through secondary electric energy receiving element 300 from induction electric energy delivery outlet 200.Electric energy receiving element 300 comprises secondary induction coil 320, and it is aimed at the primary induction coil 220 in induction electric energy delivery outlet 200.The lateral displacement of secondary electric energy receiving element 300 changes secondary induction coil 320 to the aligning between primary induction coil 220.Owing to having changed aligning, the right combination induction coefficient of coil changes, and it changes the resonance frequency of system conversely.

If induction electric energy delivery outlet 200 is with the resonance frequency transmission of electricity electric energy of system, even little transverse shifting can reduce the amplitude of induced voltage significantly.With resonator system, completely contradict, off-resonance induction electric energy delivery outlet 200 is with (Fig. 6) in the

zone

6,8 of either side in formant 2 any frequency transmission of electricity electric energy, and wherein the slope of resonance figure is much shallow.Therefore, system has the tolerance of very large variation such as transverse shifting.

Power transmission protection (Transmission Guard)

The further feature of the execution mode of the induction electric energy delivery outlet of transmitting electricity with the natural reonant frequency in system is that transmission voltage increases sharp so if the resonance frequency of some reason systems increases.In a preferred embodiment, the transmission voltage of peak detector 1040 (Fig. 5) with monitoring electric energy delivery outlet 200 is provided, and is configured to detect increase large in transmission voltage, it shows that resonance frequency increases.

Resonant referring again to induction system

f_{R} = \frac{1}{2 π \sqrt{LC £ \neg}}

What it should be noted that in the induction coefficient L of system or capacitor C any reduces to increase resonance frequency, and can detect by peak detector 1040.

As an example of the use of peak detector 1040, referring again to Fig. 7.To recognize, in the portable computer environment, conductor such as folder, metal scale, metal sleeve stapler, puncher or any metal object induce one between induction electric energy delivery outlet 200 and secondary electric energy receiving element 300 again.Then the oscillating magnetic field produced by primary coil 220 heats it in generation vortex flow in conductor, exhausts thus the electric energy of primary coil 220.This power drain may be waste and/or dangerous.As above-mentioned power consumption reduces the induction coefficient L of system usually, increase thus its resonance frequency.

The induction coefficient L of system also can reduce by removing secondary coil 220, generation short circuit etc.When transmission voltage increases, peak detector 1040, be wired to the induction electric energy delivery outlet, can detect any sight.As needs, electric energy transmission system can further be configured to close, and when peak detector 1010 detects this increase of transmission voltage, gives a warning or alternate manner protection user and system.

Use the electric energy of off-resonance operating frequency to regulate

Another advantage of off-resonance transmission of electricity is that transmission frequency can be for regulating delivery of electrical energy.The prior art inductive electric energy transmission system is generally regulated delivery of electrical energy by the work period that changes transmission voltage.Be different from prior art systems, because embodiments of the present invention are with the frequency transmission of electricity of the resonance frequency that is not equal to system, exciter 230 can be configured to regulate delivery of electrical energy by regulating transmission frequency.

With reference to Fig. 6, adjusting is described.In embodiments of the present invention, can to select be at f to the frequency of transmission of electricity _LLower frequency value and f _UHigher frequency values between the linear region 8 of curve in.Transmission frequency f _t, higher than the resonance frequency f of system _R, produce V _tInduced voltage.Induced voltage can increase by reducing transmission frequency, makes it closer to resonance frequency f _R.For example,, by with δ f, regulating the change that transmission frequency produces the induced voltage of δ V.

Due to above general introduction, the operating frequency of system preferably is selected from the relatively narrow frequency range that approaches the range of linearity 6,8 (Fig. 6) that is positioned at amplitude image.Therefore will recognize, the selection of operating frequency can be according to the natural frequency f of resonator system _RExisting knowledge.For example, when resonance frequency is the known features of system, range of target frequencies can be passed through natural frequency f _RBeing multiplied by scale factor determines.Correspondingly, in some embodiments, frequency optimum traffic can be selected from the system frequency f of 50-90% _RBetween scope or alternatively at the system frequency f of 110-160% _RBetween scope or some other this limited ranges.

Natural frequency is determined

Therefore, will recognize, according to some execution modes, strictly be retrained in the production period system parameters, make the natural frequency f of system _RBe determined in advance.Yet, the tolerance of this constrained production process.This is always not economically feasible.

The feature of wireless induction electric energy transmission system is that they all comprise induction electric energy delivery outlet module and induction electric energy receiver module generally.The resonance of system is determined by the combination of these modules.Single induction electric energy delivery outlet module can be coupled with a plurality of independent induction electric energy receivers with different characteristic, and each generation has the induction coupling of different natural frequencies.Therefore, during the manufacture of induction electric energy delivery outlet, the natural reonant frequency of prediction induction coupling may be unpractiaca or excessively restriction.

And the natural reonant frequency of induction coupling may be unsettled, the system features of inductive electric energy transmission system, may be induction electric energy receiver, induction electric energy delivery outlet or both along with time fluctuation.Therefore, in the middle of the life-span of system, the predetermined natural frequency of system may change significantly.

Due to these reasons at least, other execution mode of inductive electric energy transmission system can comprise that resonance seeks to arrange, it is provided in before work the natural frequency of measuring inductive electric energy transmission system.When the natural frequency of system is determined, operating frequency can be selected from the scope limited about natural frequency according to it.For example, can select the operating frequency close to the arrowband of natural reonant frequency with the system of loose couplings work pattern.Alternatively, particularly for the system with close-coupled work pattern pattern, the off-resonance frequency can be selected from natural frequency or under frequency band.

Referring now to Fig. 8, it shows the figure of the extension frequency situation of inductive electric energy transmission system.This figure shows how the amplitude of the operating voltage of inductive electric energy transmission system changes according to transmission frequency.It should be noted that, amplitude peaks 2 is at the resonance frequency f of system _RForm.In addition, in addition

less resonance peak

12,22 is at 2 times of 2f of resonance frequency _RWith 3 times of 3f _RTransmission frequency produce.

In order to measure the resonance frequency of inductive electric energy transmission system, the amplitude of operating voltage can be at various frequency sample, and purpose is to determine the shape of figure.Resonance frequency can arrive the frequency measurement of peak by selecting amplitude..

Can complete sampling by the one group of discrete frequency value that is chosen in predetermined peak scope 3 on every side and the operating voltage amplitude of measuring at each frequency values.

When the discrete samples frequency can be selected from predetermined formant f _RScope 3 on every side and when measuring primary resonance peak 2, especially, it should be noted that accuracy that resonance measures can improve by the amplitude in the operating voltage of the frequency that is selected from the

scope

13,23 around a plurality of predetermined formants by sampling.

For example, sampling frequency can be at twice predetermined resonance frequencies 2f _RThe interior selection of frequency range 13 on every side, purpose is to measure the actual frequency that single order resonance peak 12 forms.Alternatively, sampling frequency can be at three times of predetermined resonance frequencies 3f _RThe interior selection of frequency range 23 on every side, purpose is to measure the actual frequency that second order resonance peak 22 forms.In fact, sampling frequency can be selected in the resonance peak scope on every side of any more high-order.

If 3f _RValue therefore determine, resonance frequency f _RCan divided by three, determine by monitor value.Similarly, if nf _RValue therefore determine, resonance frequency f _RCan divided by n, determine by monitor value.

Need to further illustrate, the sampling value of the selection group of the sample frequency of limited quantity can be for the value of other frequency of extrapolating.Alternatively, interpolation, grab sample or other technology can be for finding resonance frequency.

Correspondingly, referring now to the block diagram of Fig. 9, at this, openly describe all methods of proofreading and correct as described above inductive electric energy transmission system, purpose is in order to select suitable off-resonance operating frequency.The method comprises following key step:

Inductive electric energy transmission system 1510 is provided

The resonance frequency 1520 of mensuration system, and

Select the operating frequency 1530 of the induction transmission of electricity of electric energy.

As illustrate, in suitable situation, measure the step of resonance frequency 1520 and can be undertaken by one group of sub-step, comprise the excitation potential 1521 that sampling frequency is provided; Record the output voltage response 1522 of sampling frequency; Increase sampling frequency 1523; With these steps of repetition, to obtain characteristic response Figure 152 4 of inductive electric energy transmission system.

As relevant for describing more than Fig. 8, characteristic response figure generally comprises formant and a plurality of resonance peak, and resonance frequency can be found by the driving frequency 1525 of identification formant.Alternatively, driving frequency 1526 and this value of the resonance peak that formant can be by being identified in the n rank are found divided by n+11527.

When measuring resonance frequency f _RAfter, can select operating frequency.Typically, be multiplied by scale factor by the resonance frequency of measuring and select the off-resonance operating frequency.Scale factor can easily pre-determine.According to specific implementations, scale factor is in the scope of described 50%-90%; In other embodiments, preferably can be in the 110%-150% scope, although according to suitable requirement, other scope will exist.

Optionally, select the operating frequency of the induction transmission of electricity of electric energy to comprise to be chosen in the above or following off-resonance frequency of natural reonant frequency.Alternatively, the step of the operating frequency of the induction transmission of electricity of selection electric energy comprises the scope selection operating frequency from the resonance frequency close to measuring.

Referring now to Figure 10, show the schematic diagram of further inductive electric energy transmission system 1700.Induction electric energy electrical appliance 1800 comprises a plurality of primary inductor 1820 with arranged in arrays.Induction electric energy receiver 1300 is provided, and it has and is configured to receive from primary inductor 1820 inductions with loose or close-coupled pattern the secondary inductor 1920 of electric energy.To recognize, typically, this induction electric energy receiver 1900 will be connected with the electric loading (not shown).

It should be noted that, show the first inducing receiver 1900A, it has aims at and is anchored to by aiming at magnet 1620,1630 this secondary inductor 1920A with a primary inductor 1820b.Correspondingly, elementary inducing receiver can be with the close-coupled work pattern, and if necessary, can work with the off-resonance frequency.

The second inducing receiver 1900B with the secondary inductor 1920B do not aimed at any specific primary inductor 1820, but be placed between two primary inductor 1820l, 1820k of array.The feature of double mode inductive electric energy transmission system is that secondary induction electric energy receiver 1900B can be switched to the loose couplings pattern, makes its resonance frequency be tuned in the inductor of array the driving frequency of at least one.Therefore, electric energy transmission of electricity can continue, even during inducing receiver is mobile on surface.

Adjustable coil

Aim at and efficiency

In order to realize the high efficiency of transmission of electricity in induction connects, it is useful that secondary inductor is accurately aimed at primary inductor.Propose the whole bag of tricks and helped the user to realize this aligning, used visual indicia, sound signal and the sense of touch indication of aiming at.For example, proposed after realizing aligning, magnetic obstacle and armature (magnetic snags and anchors) provide tactile feedback arrive the user and help secondary inductor grappling primary inductor.However, generally speaking, before induction connects foundation, it is necessary that the user carefully aims at the induction electric energy receiver with the induction electric energy delivery outlet.

The user can any position arrangement induction electric energy receiver be very more convenient with automatically realizing to the brigadier in extensional surface.Therefore, open by primary inductor and the self-aligning location mechanism of secondary inductor at this.

Total alignment system

Referring now to the schematic diagram of Figure 11, the primary clustering of the induction electric energy delivery outlet 200 that its demonstration comprises this Automatic Alignment System 100.Induction electric energy delivery outlet 200 is configured to induction provides electric energy to induction electric energy receiver 300.

Induction electric energy receiver 300 comprises secondary inductor 320, such as litz wire coil etc., typically is connected to electric loading 340 and and is arranged to provide computer to arrive this.Although, for simple purpose, various electric devices omit from figure, will recognize that induction transmission of electricity receiver can comprise other element such as rectification circuit, feedback mechanism etc.

Induction electric energy delivery outlet 200 comprises primary inductor 220, exciter 230 and alignment system 100.Primary inductor 220 is connected to exciting unit 230 conductively, and it obtains electric energy and operationally provide the vibration driving voltage to primary inductor from power supply 240.Excited electrons circuit (driving electronics) can comprise switch unit for example AC-AC current transformer or DC-AC current transformer, such as inverter etc., selects to make high-frequency oscillation voltage output to generate.

Select primary inductor 220, make it can be placed on the suitable secondary inductor 320 induction couplings of extending the inducing receiver 300 in target area 210, make the induction electric energy transmission to carry out.Correspondingly, primary inductor 220 can be litz wire coil etc., may with the similar size of secondary induction coil 320.Size and the good alignment of realization between it by coupling primary inductor 220 and secondary inductor 320 can improve the efficiency of responding to coupling and Energy Transfer.

Efficiency is sought

The uniqueness of alignment system 100 is that it operationally seeks efficiency, and therefore by primary inductor 220 be placed on target area 210 in secondary inductor 320 Anywhere aim at.Alignment system 100 comprises range sensor 120 and location mechanism 150.

Range sensor 130 can be configured to detect the existence of induction electric energy receiver 300 and transmission of sensor signals to processor 130, shows the distance of primary inductor 220 to the position of peak efficiency.The example of range sensor 130 can voltage monitor, power monitor, current monitor etc.When as above description provides the induction communication channel, the power that the efficiency of delivery of electrical energy can send to the feedback signal of primary inductor 220 from secondary inductor 320 by mensuration is monitored.

Can provide the induction communication channel to be transferred to primary induction coil 220 for the signal by secondary induction coil 320, incessantly induction electric energy is transferred to secondary induction coil 320 from primary induction coil 220 simultaneously.Communication channel can provide and feed back signal to exciter 230.The induction communication channel can be entered oneself for the examination the transmission of electricity circuit that is wired to secondary coil 320 and be wired to the receiving circuit of primary coil 220.

Signal sending circuit can comprise at least one electric device, selects to make when it is connected to secondary coil 320, and the resonance frequency of system increases.The transmission of electricity circuit is configured to selectivity tie point element to secondary coil 320.Correspondingly, can comprise in signal reception shop and be configured to detect the maximum voltage peak detector increased of transmission voltage.In system, when transmission frequency is higher than the resonance frequency of system, this large increase traveller of transmission voltage is caused by the resonance frequency increase, shows that thus electric device has been connected to secondary coil 320.Therefore, can use transmission of electricity circuit transmit signal pulse to receiving circuit and can build code signal by this pulse.

According to these execution modes, the transmission of electricity circuit also can comprise the modulator of the bit rate signal in modulating input signal.Then electric device can be connected to secondary induction coil 320 according to modulation signal.Receiving circuit can comprise the demodulator of demodulation modulation signal.For example, voltage peak detector can be connected to the correlator for the primary voltage amplitude with the bit rate signal crosscorrelation, produces thus output signal.

It should be noted that, alternatively, can use the induction communication channel.For example, the transmission of electricity circuit can be configured to assistant load is connected to primary inductor, and secondary inductor optionally provides the Modulation and Amplitude Modulation transmission voltage of encoder feedback signal.

When the induction communication channel is provided, the feedback signal height depends on the resonance frequency of system.Because the resonance frequency of system self depends on the degree of the aligning between primary inductor 220 and secondary inductor 320, the receiving circuit self that is wired to secondary inductor 220 can be used as distance detector 120.

The actuating of registration mechanism

Location mechanism 150 can controller 130, at least one actuation mechanisms 140,160 and primary inductor 220 moveable platform 180 mounted thereto.Controller 130 is configured to receive detection signal and send actuated signal from range sensor 120, with the movement of controlling moveable platform 180 and the movement of controlling thus primary inductor 220.

Typically, provide two actuation mechanisms 140,160.The first actuation mechanisms 140 is configured to along the first path movement primary inductor 220, and the second actuation mechanisms 160 is for controlling the movement of primary inductor 220 along the second path.Therefore, primary inductor 220 can be manoeuvred into by any position in the reciprocation opposed area in two paths.Other actuation mechanisms can further be provided, and purpose is wider movement in making between possibility three microvoids.

Controller 130 can be configured to enter and the aiming at of secondary inductor 320 by sending actuated signal to each actuation mechanisms 140,160 guiding primary inductor 220, and response sensor signal optionally, with mobile platform 180.

The X-Y workbench

Illustrate, referring now to Figure 12, it shows the schematic diagram of possibility navigation system 1150, and primary inductor 1220 is coupled to X-Y workbench 1180 therein.X-Y workbench 1180 comprises the first actuation mechanisms 1140 and the second actuation mechanisms 1160, is configured to along pair of

tracks

1146a, 1146b and second pair of quadrature path driving secondary inductor 1220 that track 1166a, 1166b limit are respectively arranged.Primary inductor 1220 is coupled to

first team track

1146a, 1146b, and they self are arranged on the support platform 1168 that is coupled to second couple of track 1166a, 1166b.

The first actuating structure 1140 of embodiment comprises the first actuator 1142, pinion drive shaft 1144 and tooth bar 1148, and secondary inductor 1220 is mounted thereto.The second actuation mechanisms 1160 of embodiment comprises the second actuator 1162, screw axis 1164 and is connected to the feed screw nut of support platform 1168.

The first actuator 1142 and the second actuator 1162 of embodiment are stepping motors, and it can operate and incrementally encourage respectively actuation mechanisms and the second actuation mechanisms.As following, describe in further detail, but the feature of location mechanism 1150 is a plurality of activation signals of stepping motor 1142,1162 each operation acknowledge, by the increase stepping primary inductor 1220 along thering are a plurality of sizes.

Labyrinth

Referring now to Figure 13, it is the schematic diagram that uses second embodiment of optional navigation system 2150.Optional navigation system 2150 comprises the first actuation mechanisms 2140 and the second actuation mechanisms 2160, and its labyrinth that is configured to limit by the first warp rail 2146 and the second warp rail 2166 respectively drives the second inductor.

Primary inductor 2220 is installed to connecting pin 2180, and it is connected to the second warp rail 2166 by the first warp rail.The first actuation mechanisms 2140 comprises the first stepping electromechanical actuators 2142, and it is connected to the first warp rail 2146 and can operates around the first axle Ax through the first gear drive 2144 and rotates the first warp rail.The second actuation mechanisms 2160 comprises the second stepping electromechanical actuators 2162, and it is connected to the second warp rail 2166 and can operates around the second axle AY through the second gear drive 2164 and rotates the second warp rail.To recognize, by providing actuated signal to the first actuator 2142 and the second actuator 2162, the controller (not shown) can be placed in primary inductor 1120 in

mobile warp rail

2146,2166 limited ranges Anywhere.

Mechanical arrangement at this

location mechanism

1150,2150 described above is arranged, and makes stepping

motor actuator

1142,1162,2142,2162 settle adjacent to each other on the common face of equipment.It should be noted that this layout is to facilitate especially for connecting actuator to control unit.Although only there is stepping motor to be described in above embodiment, will recognize according to suitable requirement, other actuator can be preferred, such as other motor, piezoelectric element, electromagnetic actuators etc.

Alignment methods

Referring now to the flow chart of Figure 14, it shows the general step of the alignment procedure of the inductive electric energy transmission system that uses this navigation system.The induction electric energy delivery outlet has alignment system 402, the induction electric energy receiver is placed in the transmission of electricity surface 404 of the induction electric energy delivery outlet in target area, the range sensor of navigation system detects secondary inductor 406, controller starts the coarse positioning program with in the general place that primary inductor is disposed into to secondary inductor 408, then controller can start meticulous finder and aim at 410 so that primary inductor enters with secondary inductor, when elementary inductor, with after secondary inductor is aimed at, primary inductor starts induction electric energy transmission 412.

For coarse positioning and the meticulous location of realizing primary inductor, navigation system can be exercisable in low and high-resolution.During coarse positioning, controller sends the low resolution activation signal to actuation mechanisms, and the indication actuator is with large increase displacement primary inductor.Similarly, for meticulous location, controller sends the high-resolution activation signal to actuation mechanisms, and the indication actuator is with little increase displacement primary inductor.The processor of controller is configured to, according to the sensor signal received from range sensor, select which type of activation signal to send to which type of activator appliance.

Referring now to Figure 15 a and 15b, it represents respectively the coarse positioning 501 of control primary inductor and the possible method of meticulous location 550.Specifically with reference to Figure 15 A, when secondary inductor is placed on target area, the coarse positioning stage can be according to following steps:

Range sensor detects initial transducing signal S0 and transmits this to controller 502,

Low resolution actuated signal Lx is sent to the first actuator 504,

The first actuator with a large increase along the first path movement primary inductor forward 506,

Range sensor detects new transducing signal S1 and transmits this to controller 508;

Processor compares 510 by S1 and S2,

If S1 > S0, show that primary inductor is than its initial more approachingly aims at secondary inductor, repeating step 504 to 510 so,

When Sn<Sn-1, show that primary inductor is more previous further from aiming at secondary inductor than it, send so reverse low resolution actuated signal-LX to the first actuator 512,

The first actuator moves primary inductor backward with a large increase along the first path 514;

Low resolution actuated signal LY is sent to the second actuator 516;

The second actuator with a large increase along the second path movement primary inductor forward 518;

Range sensor detects new passing signal Sn and transmit this to controller 520;

Processor compares 522 by Sn and Sn-1,

Repeating step 516 to 522, before aim at secondary inductor than it further away from each other until new transducing signal shows primary inductor,

When Sn<Sn-1, send anti-phase low resolution actuated signal-LY to the second actuator 524,

The second actuator with a large increase along the second path movement primary inductor backward 526,

Optionally, the coarse positioning stage can be repeatedly, until repeatedly 528 do not obtain significant aligning and improve at every turn;

After coarse positioning completes, can start high-resolution location 530.

Now specifically with reference to Figure 15 b, the step of display of high resolution positioning stage 550, after the coarse positioning stage 500:

Send high-resolution actuated signal HX to the first actuator 552,

The first actuator with a little increase along the first path movement primary inductor forward 554,

Range sensor detects new transducing signal Sn and transmits this to controller 556;

Processor compares 558 by Sn and Sn-1,

Repeating step 552 to 558, aimed at secondary inductor than before further away from each other until new transducing signal shows primary inductor,

When Sn<Sn-1, send anti-phase high-resolution actuated signal-HX to the second actuator 560,

The first actuator with a little increase along the first path movement primary inductor backward 562;

Send high-resolution signal HY to the second actuator 564;

The second actuator with a little increase along the second path movement primary inductor forward 556;

Range sensor detects new transducing signal Sn and transmits this to controller 568;

Processor compares 570 by Sn and Sn-1,

Repeating step 564 to 570, aimed at secondary inductor than before further away from each other until new transducing signal shows primary inductor,

When Sn<Sn-1, send anti-phase high-resolution actuated signal-HY to the second actuator 572,

The second actuator with a less increase along the first path movement primary inductor backward 574,

Optionally, meticulous positioning stage can be repeatedly, until repeatedly 576 do not obtain significant aligning and improve at every turn.

Optional location algorithm, it may occur to persons skilled in the art that, can be alternatively for being applicable to the demand of system.For example, as long as transducing signal rises, by actuator along path entirely to increase the stepping primary inductor, can realize the accurate location along particular path; After transducing signal descends, actuator can be along path partly to increase the stepping primary inductor backward; According to new transducing signal, actuator then can the stepping primary inductor backward or 1/4th increase forward; Then can use as required 1/8th size increases, ten sixths to increase etc., repeat this process.

Ancillary coil

Also other inductive electric energy transmission system can arrange that 800 scope is extended to comprise ancillary coil.Referring back to Fig. 1, the exciter 230 of induction electric energy electrical appliance 200 can operate provides variable electric potential to pass primary inductor 220, typically is primary coil, is created in thus the resonant field of primary inductor 220 annexes.When the secondary inductor 320 of induction electric energy receiver 300---typically is secondary coil---and is placed in the resonant field produced by primary inductor 220, generate the resonance induced voltage.

The electric energy range of receiving that induction electric energy receiver 300 can receive electric energy from induction electric energy electrical appliance 200 therein can depend on intensity and the extension of resonant field.Be surprised to find the efficiency of the delivery of electrical energy from primary inductor to the secondary inductor of not aiming at it, can have increased by one or more ancillary coils that induce one between primary inductor 220 and secondary inductor 320.Therefore, the range of receiving of induction electric energy electrical appliance 200 can be extended.

The ancillary coil pattern

With reference to Figure 16 A, it represents possible ancillary coil layout 800.Ancillary coil arranges that 800 comprise the array that is arranged in primary coil 220 six ancillary coil 820a-f on every side.The axle that hexagonal array is described as each coil 820a-f departs from the axle of primary coil 220 and departs from each other with radius length.To recognize, in other systems, optional geometrical arrangements can be preferably as required.Ancillary coil 820 can be configured to carry out work with one or more patterns as described below.Possible ancillary coil pattern comprises: (i) conductor pattern, (ii) Repeater-mode, (iii) transmission mode, or (iv) standby mode.

The circuit diagram of Figure 16 B shows the possible ancillary coil 842 arranged with conductor pattern.The circuit diagram of Figure 16 C shows the possible ancillary coil 844 arranged with Repeater-mode.The circuit diagram of Figure 16 D shows the possible ancillary coil 846 arranged with transmission mode.

Conductor pattern

Referring now to Figure 16 B, in conductor pattern, the terminal the 822, the 824th of ancillary coil 820, can connect conductively, may pass through the resistor (not shown).In this structure, the patch conductor (sheet conductor) that ancillary coil performance picture is introduced.Be surprised to find, when secondary inductor 320 laterally departs from primary inductor 220, when introducing patch conductor and cover ' exposures ' regional of primary inductor, to this efficiency increase of Energy Transfer.The change that shows the natural reonant frequency of system when this unexpected phenomenon may exist to conductor is relevant, or because the line of flux more effectively is directed to secondary inductor 320.

Due to above-mentioned phenomenon, the covering by being operated to small part the ancillary coil 820 of expose portion of the primary inductor 220 in the conductor pattern, the induction electric energy transmission between primary inductor 220 and non-aligned secondary inductor 320 can be enhanced.Referring back to Figure 16 A, for example, if secondary inductor 320 is positioned at center at a Q, that is to say, can improve the efficiency of Energy Transfer by operation ancillary coil 820A-C in conductor pattern.

Repeater-mode

Now, specifically with reference to Figure 16 C, in Repeater-mode, the terminal 822,824 of ancillary coil 820 connects through capacitor 862.It should be noted that in Repeater-mode, secondary voltage induces one in ancillary coil self again, and it produces it self the oscillating magnetic field had with the primary inductor same frequency conversely.Have been found that the efficiency of Energy Transfer can be with wider increase by least one ancillary coil that induces one between secondary inductor in Repeater-mode 320 and primary inductor 220.Now, again referring back to Fig. 8 A, for example, if secondary inductor 320 is positioned at center at a Q, that is to say, can improve the efficiency of Energy Transfer by operation ancillary coil 820E in Repeater-mode.

And, by use one or more ancillary coils in Repeater-mode, the electric energy range of receiving can extend vertically up on primary inductor.In fact, can use a series of repeater as stepping-stone, further to extend the scope of primary inductor 220.

It should be noted that, in conductor pattern and Repeater-mode, ancillary coil does not need to be connected to any power supply, and electric energy is obtained from primary inductor individually by secondary inductor 320.

Transmission mode

Now, specifically with reference to Figure 16 D, in transmission mode, the terminal 822,824 of ancillary coil 820 is connected to excitation coil 864, and excitation coil 864 is wired to power supply 240 and can operates the resonance voltage produced through ancillary coil.Correspondingly, in transmission mode, ancillary coil 820 can be used as another primary coil transmission of electricity electric energy to secondary inductor 320.

Exciting circuit 864 can operationally encourage the ancillary coil 820 that is independent of primary inductor 220.Therefore, the driving voltage that is provided to ancillary coil 820 can be the driving voltage deviated in being provided to primary inductor 220.According to the placement of secondary coil 320, can be chosen in the phase difference between ancillary coil 820 and primary inductor 220.

Coordinate the explanation referring now to Figure 16 E between primary inductor 220 and an ancillary coil 820, this figure illustrates to show the possible position with respect to the secondary inductor 320 of primary inductor 220 and an ancillary coil 820.This ancillary coil 820 is spaced apart with primary inductor 220 with the distance of a radius.

Punctual when 220 pairs of secondary inductor 320 and primary inductor, exciting circuit 864 is not activated, and ancillary coil 820 keeps with standby pattern.Similarly, punctual when 820 pairs of secondary inductor 320 and ancillary coils, primary inductor 220 can disconnect with exciting circuit 864 and being activated, and makes ancillary coil 820 as unique transmission of electricity primary coil.

When secondary induction coil 320 is positioned at position A, in the halfway between primary inductor 220 and ancillary coil 820, be surprised to find by with primary inductor 220, synchronously to operate ancillary coil 820, improving the energy that is transferred to secondary inductor.Show the lap 880 of primary inductor 220 and ancillary coil 880 in each in the opposite direction mobile electric current form parasitic coil, closed magnetic flux line thus.Therefore, the induced voltage in secondary inductor 320 increases.

When secondary inductor 320 is positioned at position B, make it only overlapping with ancillary coil 820, be surprised to find by the excitation of the phase shift with 180 degree ancillary coil 820, make the driving voltage in primary inductor 220 and ancillary coil 820 anti-phase, the energy that is transferred to secondary inductor 220 significantly improves.Show that the other electric current flowed produces stronger oscillating magnetic field in the lap 880 of primary inductor 220 and ancillary coil 820, therefore the larger induced voltage in secondary inductor 320.

For convenience of explanation, only describe two with respect to Figure 16 E and coordinate coil 220,820, however, will recognize that this system can easily expand to a plurality of coils and arrange, such as triangle, quadrangle, hexagonal geometry shape etc.

A plurality of patterns

Ancillary coil can be configured to at least one operation with in above-mentioned pattern.When needed, ancillary coil can be configured to operate more than a kind of model selection ground.The block diagram of Figure 16 F shows the main element of the possible ancillary coil circuit 848 that is provided in the ancillary coil 820 switched between a plurality of patterns.

Ancillary coil circuit 848 comprises at least one ancillary coil 820, at least one controller, conductor pattern piece 854, Repeater-mode piece 856, transmission mode piece 858 and at least one switch unit 851.Controller operationally indicates switch unit 851 optionally ancillary coil to be connected to conductor pattern piece 854, Repeater-mode piece 856 or transmission mode piece 858.

Transmission mode piece 854 can comprise circuit, such as for example, at the circuit shown in 16B, may comprise other resistive element.Repeater-mode piece 856 can comprise circuit, such as for example at the circuit shown in 16C.Transmission mode 858 can comprise circuit, such as for example at the circuit shown in 16D.

When the location aware of secondary coil 320, controller can be selected the mode of operation of at least one ancillary coil 820 according to the position of secondary coil.Optionally, ancillary coil circuit 848 may further include secondary inductor detector 853, such as volume sensor, Magnetic Sensor etc.The position of detector 853 transfer control secondary inductor 320 is provided.

For may applying that ancillary coil with a plurality of ancillary coils arranges is described, now referring again to Figure 16 A.Ancillary coil 820A-F can be connected to common controller, makes their mode of operation be coordinated.Correspondingly, when secondary inductor 320 is located at center Q point, for example, ancillary coil 820A-C opening can be with Repeater-mode work with conductor pattern work and ancillary coil 820D-F.Alternatively, ancillary coil 820e can be with transmission mode work, and wherein the driving voltage of its driving voltage and primary inductor 220 is anti-phase.As required, can use other mode combinations, and can be selected according to the position of secondary inductor 320.

It should be noted that and use the primary inductor 220 with steady job frequency, this ancillary coil is arranged the efficiency that the energy that is transferred to secondary inductor 320 can be provided.

Therefore method is selected the suitable mode of operation of ancillary coil in this instruction.The method can comprise: obtain primary inductor, obtain ancillary coil and settle; Detection is with respect to the position of the secondary inductor of primary inductor; Select at least one mode of operation from following pattern: conductor pattern, Repeater-mode, transmission mode etc.When selecting transmission mode, the method may further include the phase shift that is chosen in the transmission frequency between primary inductor and ancillary coil.

The steady job frequency

Referring now to Figure 17 A, show the block diagram of the primary clustering that represents induction electric energy transmission system 102.Uniqueness is adjusting 350 controls of the adjuster in induction electric energy receiver 300 at least in part of delivery of electrical energy.

Induction electric energy delivery outlet 200 comprises primary inductor 220, through exciter, is wired to power supply 240.Electric assembly for providing vibration potential to arrive primary inductor 220 is be provided exciter 230, such as switch unit, inverter etc.Vibration potential through primary inductor 220 produces oscillating magnetic field in its vicinity.

Induction electric energy receiver 300 comprises the general secondary inductor 320 that is wired to electric loading 340 through rectifier 331.Secondary inductor 320 is arranged, and while making in being placed on the oscillating magnetic field that activates primary inductor 220, induction is through the secondary voltage of secondary inductor 320.Can use secondary voltage to electric loading 340 power supplies.It should be noted that, through the inductive secondary voltage generation alternating current (AC) of secondary inductor 320.When electric loading 340 needs direct current (DC), such as electrochemical cell is charged, providing rectifier 331 to transform AC is DC.When needs AC exports, such as for the induction electric energy adapter 1300c of power supply type output is provided, can further provide inverter, AC-AC transducer etc. (not shown).

The receiver end adjuster is configured to the output voltage that directly monitoring is produced by secondary inductor 320, the operating voltage of the output valve of monitoring and electric loading 340 requirements is compared.Adjuster 350 further is arranged to respond to by adjusting the resonance frequency of transmission system 102, the operating voltage that makes the monitoring output voltage require closer to electric loading 340.Optionally, adjuster 350 can further be arranged to monitor other running parameter, such as temperature, electric current etc.

Referring now to Figure 17 B, now inductive electric energy transmission system 102 ' the selectivity execution mode in, provide signal transmission system 400 for induction electric energy receiver 300 ' and induction electric energy delivery outlet 200 ' between transmission of signal.Signal transmission system 400 comprise to the signal reflector 420 of induction electric energy receiver 300 ' relevant and with the signal detector 440 of induction electric energy delivery outlet 200 ' relevant.Can use various signal transmission systems, such as optics, induction, ultrasonic signal reflector etc., the detector relevant with them and coil are to the coil signal transmission system, application number US12/497 such as the co-pending U.S. Patent application in application, 088 and US365/21, described in 355, they are incorporated to this paper by reference.

Receiver end adjuster 350 can apply signal transmission system 400 transmit running parameters to induction electric energy electrical appliance 200 '.The feedback signal of electrical appliance end adjuster 250 for received signal detector 440 can be provided, and correspondingly be adjusted to the driving voltage of primary inductor 220.Typically, receiver end adjuster 350 can carry out continual meticulous adjusting, does not transmit any signal to electrical appliance end adjuster 250 at all, and wherein electrical appliance end adjuster 250 is mainly used in coarse adjustment.

And signal transmission system can be additionally for transmitting other signal of variety of functions, such as confirm electric energy receiver 300 ' existence, transmit identification signal or for transmitting electric energy transmission of electricity parameter needed etc.The latter is useful especially in the system that is suitable for a plurality of power level work.

Referring now to Figure 18, the schematic block diagram of the main electric assembly of the electric energy receiving circuit of its demonstration induction electric energy transmission system 102.Induction electric energy transmission system 102 comprises induction electric energy electrical appliance 200 and induction electric energy receiver 300.Electric energy is transferred to the secondary inductor 320 relevant with induction electric energy receiver 300 from the primary inductor 200 relevant to induction electric energy electrical appliance 200.In secondary inductor 320, the voltage of induction, by rectifier 331 rectifications, produces the output voltage V that is provided to electric loading 340 and goes out.

Be noted that especially and provide receiver end adjuster 350 to control the induction electric energy transmission.Receiver end adjuster 350 comprises that comparator 352, switch unit 354 and resonance change assembly 356.Comparator 352 is by the 352 output voltage V outputs that are configured to relatively monitor and the reference voltage V reference with the value that requires operating voltage that shows to show electric loading.Switch unit 354 typically is configured to, when between the output of monitoring output voltage V and reference voltage V reference, surpassing threshold value, connect resonance and change assembly 356 and electric energy receiving circuit.

Selective reaonance changes assembly 356, makes when it is sensed while becoming the electric energy receiving circuit, changes the natural reonant frequency of inductive electric energy transmission system 102.The example that this resonance changes assembly 356 is capacitor, and it can optionally be connected to the receiving circuit in parallel with secondary inductor 220 to increase the natural reonant frequency of inductive electric energy transmission system 102.Other resonance changes assembly 356 (not shown)s can comprise the capacitor of connecting to reduce natural reonant frequency with secondary inductor 220, is connected to secondary inductor 220 with auxiliary induction device 220 of increasing natural reonant frequency etc.In some embodiments, can use in combination a plurality of resonance to change assembly 356.

Figure 19 is the figure that shows that how the output voltage of the secondary inductor of illustrative embodiments changes along with operating frequency.When operating frequency equals resonance frequency fR, the fR ' time of system, output voltage arrives peak.Solid line A representative does not change with resonance the voltage pattern of making the receiving circuit that Yoga is connected.The voltage pattern of the receiving circuit that Yoga is connected is done in dotted line B representative and resonance change, makes the resonance frequency of system be increased to fR ' from fR.This increase can realize, for example, and as shown in Figure 18, by capacitor and secondary inductor 320 are connected in parallel.

From using, resonance change assembly is different with the prior art systems of active searching resonance, and the characteristic of these execution modes is that transmission frequency ft is different from the resonance frequency fR of system.It should be noted that, for the resonance frequency f in system _RAbove transmission frequency ft, output voltage V t can increase by the resonance frequency of increase system.Therefore, if resonance increases element, such as shunt capacitor 356 (Figure 18), the receiving circuit that induced one, can rise to higher value Vt ' at the output voltage of some value Vt.Whenever the output voltage V of monitoring is exported below the operating voltage V requirement that drops to requirement, therefore the receiver end adjuster can be configured to connect resonance increase element.

Further execution mode can comprise the element that reduces output voltage V output, if the operating voltage V that it rises to requirement requires when above.This voltage reduces element and can comprise correcting and reduce element, or comprises alternatively off and on the switch unit that load and output voltage are disconnected fully.

Relate to the induction electric energy transmission system work of the transmission frequency fR work higher at the resonance frequency ft than system at this execution mode described above.To recognize the transmission frequency work that other execution mode can be low at the resonance frequency ft than system.When operating frequency during lower than resonance frequency fR, adjuster can be configured to, in order to increase output voltage, resonance is reduced to the element receiving circuit that induces one, and will resonate and increase the element receiving circuit that induces one in order to reduce output voltage.

Referring now to Figure 20, it shows the possible circuit diagram according to the inductive electric energy transmission system 5100 of basic embodiment of the present invention.Inductive electric energy transmission system 5100 comprises induction electric energy electrical appliance 5200 and induction electric energy receiver 5300.Induction electrical appliance 5200 comprises primary inductor 5220 and exciting unit 5230.Inducing receiver 5300 comprises secondary inductor 5320, rectifier 5330 and receiver end adjuster 5350.

Receiver end adjuster 5350 comprises comparator 5350, switch unit 5354 and capacitor 5356.Comparator 5352 is configured to output signal V output and the reference value of comparison rectifier 5330.Switch unit 5354 is comprised of a pair of power field effect transistor M5, M6, and it connects power supply to power supply and usings and switch as AC.The output of comparator 5352 is converted into digital signal, and its gate signal that is sent to power field effect transistor is controlled switch unit 5354.Capacitor 5356 is optionally in parallel with secondary inductor 5320, with the resonance frequency that increases system, increases output voltage, as above describes.

Power adjustments can be controlled according to the method for the flowcharting by shown in Figure 21.The method comprising: a step (a) - to inductive power transfer system is different from the significant transmission frequency of the first resonance frequency of the primary sensor excitation, the step (b) - induced through the receiving circuit of the sensor related to the secondary sub-level voltage, the step (c) - monitoring the output voltage of the receiving circuit, the step (d) - comparing the output voltage with a first reference value, the steps (e) - if the output voltage drops below a first reference value, the change in the resonance element and the receiver is connected circuit so that the resonance frequency of the inductive power transfer to move closer the transmission frequency, the step (x) - If the output voltage rises above the second reference value, the sensor and disconnect the secondary receiver circuit, the step (g) - when the output voltage reaches a first reference value, and disconnect the receiving component changes the resonance circuits, and steps (h) - when the output voltage reaches the second reference value, the secondary sensor is reconnected to the receiving circuit.

Referring now to square frame Figure 22, the main electric assembly of the induction electric energy transmission system 7100 of fixed frequency illustrates, thin receiver end adjuster 7350.The induction electric energy transmission system 7100 that comprises induction electric energy electrical appliance 7200 and induction electric energy receiver 7300 is provided in fixed frequency work.Can select the natural frequency of operating frequency at acceptor unit 7300.

Induction electric energy receiver 7300 comprises secondary inductor 7320, step-down DC/DC transducer 7532 and O-ring diode 7354.Secondary inductor 7320 is connected to step-down DC/DC transducer 7532, and it is configured to by O-ring diode 7354 further stable.

Induction electric energy receiver 7200 comprises primary inductor 7220, exciter units 7230 and activates unit 7250.Activate the end 7256 that unit 7250 comprises Hall switch 7252, positioning disk (puck) (receiver) recognition unit 7254 and charge controller.Hall switch 7252 is configured to detect the existence of the magnetic cell relevant to receiving element 7300 and send a signal to positioning disk recognition unit 7254, and then it send activation signal to exciter units 7230.The end of controller 7256 is configured to when receiving element does not further need electric energy, the exciter units 7230 of stopping using.Although be depicted as unit separately for each these element, in suitable situation, can provide the single microcontroller with several functions.Profit, single microcontroller can provide the end function of positioning disk identification and charging control and the pulse signal to exciter with operating frequency.

Exciter units 7230 comprises EMC filter 7232, inrush current unit 7234 and transducer 7236.The characteristic of exciter units is that the activation signal of positioning disk recognition unit 7254 can trigger inrush current unit 7234, to start soft start, increases gradually voltage to primary inductor 7220, may be for linearly, from zero until device arrives input voltage.

Referring now to Figure 23 A and 23B, it illustrates the possible circuit diagram of further basic inductive electric energy transmission system.Inductive electric energy transmission system 8100 comprises elementary electrical appliance 8220, inrush current unit 8234 and exciting unit 8230.Inducing receiver 8300 comprises secondary inductor 8320, capacity cell 8310, rectifier 8330 and receiving terminal adjuster 8350.Receiver end adjuster 8350 comprises step-down DC/DC transducer Unit 8532 and O-ring diode unit 8354.

Capacity cell 8310 is connected in parallel secondary inductor 8320 and is configured to produce the primary current that the half-sine wave shape flows through primary inductor 8220.Be special instruction, the half-sine wave shape of primary inductor 8220 has not the level and smooth figure of switching suddenly, therefore, generates less electromagnetic interference (EMI), and it is generally relevant to the stairstep signal situation.Therefore, inductive transmission systems 8100 as a whole is more effective than the system with stepping situation.And, it should be noted that the quantity of the coil winding of primary inductor 8220 and secondary inductor 8320 can reduce thus.

In the open induction electric energy transmission system of these various execution modes described above, it uses various performances to strengthen operationally electric energy transmitting effectively in interval in the coil at wide region of elements.Disclosed subject area is limited by accessory claim, and comprise the combination of various features described above and sub-combination with and change and revise, after reading foregoing description, these for those skilled in the art will be apparently.

In the claims, term " comprises (comprise) " and variant such as " comprising (" comprises ", " comprising ") " etc. shows to comprise the assembly of listing, but does not usually get rid of other assembly.

Claims

1. exercisable inductive electric energy transmission system in a plurality of patterns, it comprise following at least one: the induction electric energy electrical appliance, with the induction electric energy receiver, described induction electric energy electrical appliance comprises: at least one primary inductor, it is configured to and at least one secondary inductor induction coupling, with at least one exciter, it is configured to be provided at the vibration potential of driving frequency through primary inductor; With

Described induction power supply receiver comprises that at least one can be connected to the secondary inductor of receiving circuit and electric loading, and described secondary inductor is configured to and described at least one primary inductor induction coupling, makes delivery of electrical energy to described electric loading;

Wherein said inductive electric energy transmission system further comprises and is selected from following a plurality of features:

Registration mechanism, it is configured to when described inductive electric energy transmission system is worked in first mode, and described at least one secondary inductor is aimed at described at least one primary inductor;

The resonance tuner, when described inductive electric energy transmission system is worked in the second pattern, it can operate the resonance frequency that makes driving frequency mate described receiving circuit;

Layout is looked in resonance, but the natural frequency of its time-and-motion study inductive electric energy transmission system.

2. inductive electric energy transmission system according to claim 1, further comprise mode selector, and it is configured at least described inductive electric energy transmission system of switching between first mode and the second pattern.

3. inductive electric energy transmission system according to claim 1, further comprise the range sensor of the described secondary inductor of monitoring to described primary inductor distance.

4. inductive electric energy transmission system according to claim 1, further comprise the position transducer of monitoring the position of at least one in described primary sensor and described secondary transducers.

5. inductive electric energy transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said resonance tuner comprises that at least one optionally can be connected to the capacitor of described receiving circuit.

6. inductive electric energy transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said resonance tuner comprises that at least one optionally can be connected to the inductor of described receiving circuit.

7. inductive electric energy transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said resonance tuner comprises feedback mechanism, it is configured to send control signals to described induction electric energy electrical appliance, makes described induction electric energy electrical appliance select the driving frequency resonated with described receiving circuit.

8. inductive electric energy transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said registration mechanism comprises at least one magnetic flux guide, it is configured to magnetic flux is directed to described secondary inductor from described primary inductor.

9. inductive electric energy transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said magnetic flux guide comprises first ferrite core relevant to described primary inductor and second ferrite core relevant with described secondary inductor.

10. inductive electric energy transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said magnetic flux guide further comprises magnetic screen.

11. inductive electric energy transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said registration mechanism comprises at least one actuator, and it is configured at least one in mobile described secondary inductor and described primary inductor.

12. the induction electric energy electrical appliance, it is to operate with at least two kinds of patterns, and described electrical appliance comprises:

At least one primary inductor, it is configured to the secondary inductor induction coupling be connected with electric loading, makes delivery of electrical energy to described electric loading;

At least one exciter, it is configured to provide the vibration potential through primary inductor;

At least one registration mechanism, it is configured to, when described induction electric energy electrical appliance operates in first mode, described secondary inductor be aimed at described primary inductor; With

With at least one resonance tuner, it is configured to when described induction electric energy electrical appliance operates in the second pattern, select the driving frequency of described vibration potential, described driving frequency is selected the resonance frequency of the receiving circuit that coupling is relevant to described secondary inductor.

13. induction electric energy electrical appliance according to claim 12, further comprise mode selector, it is provided in the described induction electric energy electrical appliance of switching between described first mode and described the second pattern.

14. induction electric energy electrical appliance according to claim 12, wherein said exciter is configured to when operating in described first mode, in the described primary inductor of off-resonance frequency excitation.

15. induction electric energy electrical appliance according to claim 12, further comprise that ancillary coil arranges, it comprises with lower at least one exercisable a plurality of ancillary coil: conductor pattern, Repeater-mode, and transmission mode.

16. induction electric energy electrical appliance according to claim 12 further comprises following at least one: ancillary coil arranges, or resonance looks for layout, and it operationally measures the natural frequency of inductive electric energy transmission system.

17. electric equipment, it comprises the arbitrary described induction electric energy electrical appliance of claim 12 to 16.

18. the induction electric energy receiver, it can operate with at least two kinds of patterns, and described receiver comprises:

At least one secondary inductor, it can be connected to electric loading, and is configured to be coupled with at least one primary inductor induction of at least one induction electric energy electrical appliance, makes delivery of electrical energy to described electric loading;

At least one registration mechanism, it is configured to when described induction electric energy receiver, when first mode operates, described the second inductor be aimed at described the first inductor; With at least one resonance tuner, it is configured to when described induction electric energy receiver operates in the second pattern, and tuning receiving circuit is to resonance frequency, and resonance frequency is selected the transmission frequency of coupling far-end primary inductor.

19. induction electric energy receiver according to claim 18, further comprise mode selector, it is provided in the described induction electric energy receiver of switching between described first mode and described the second pattern.

20. induction electric energy receiver according to claim 18, wherein said mode selector is configured to the data selection operator scheme relevant according to the position of described primary inductor.

21. induction electric energy receiver according to claim 18, further comprise the range sensor of the described secondary inductor of monitoring to the distance of described primary inductor.

22. induction electric energy receiver according to claim 18, further comprise the position transducer of monitoring described primary inductor position.

23. induction electric energy receiver according to claim 18, wherein said resonance tuner comprises optionally attachable capacitor of at least one and described receiving circuit.

24. induction electric energy receiver according to claim 18, wherein said resonance tuner comprises optionally attachable inductor of at least one and described receiving circuit.

25. induction electric energy receiver according to claim 18, wherein said resonance tuner comprises feedback mechanism, it is configured to send control signals to described induction electric energy electrical appliance, makes described induction electric energy electrical appliance select the driving frequency resonated with described receiving circuit.

26. induction electric energy receiver according to claim 18, wherein said registration mechanism comprises at least one magnetic flux guide, and it is configured to magnetic flux is directed to described secondary inductor from described primary inductor.

27. induction electric energy receiver according to claim 18, wherein said registration mechanism comprises at least one actuator, is configured at least one in mobile described secondary inductor and described primary inductor.

28. electric equipment, it comprises the described induction electric energy receiver of claim 18.

29. claim 1 to 11 is arbitrary or the described induction electric energy receiver of claim 15, wherein said ancillary coil is arranged and is comprised:

At least one ancillary coil;

At least one controller, it is configured to select the mode of operation of ancillary coil; With

At least one switch unit, it operationally optionally is connected to described ancillary coil at least one in conductor pattern piece, repeater mode block and transmission mode piece.

30. inductively electric energy transmitting is to the method for at least one electric loading, it comprises:

Obtain the induction electric energy electrical appliance that contains exciter and primary coil;

Obtain containing the induction electric energy receiver of the secondary coil that is connected to described electric loading, described induction electric energy receiver can operate with at least two patterns, be included between described primary inductor and described secondary inductor closely-coupled first mode is provided, and provide loosely-coupled the second pattern between described primary inductor and described secondary inductor;

Described exciter provides the oscillating potential difference through described primary inductor;

Select the mode of operation of described inducing receiver.

31. the method for calibration inductive electric energy transmission system, described system comprises the induction electric energy electrical appliance that is coupled at least one induction electric energy receiver, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) – measures the resonance frequency of system to step;

(b) – selects to be different from the operating frequency of described resonance frequency to step.

32. method according to claim 31, the step of wherein measuring the resonance frequency of system comprises the following steps:

(a1) – provides and drives current potential to the described induction electric energy electrical appliance in the vibration of sampling driving frequency step;

(a2) – records the output response of described driving current potential to step;

(a3) – increases the sampling driving frequency to step;

(a4) – repeating step (a1), step (a2) and step (a3) are repeatedly for step; With

(a5) – records the output voltage response of a plurality of discrete sampling driving frequencies to step, obtains thus the characteristic response figure of system.

33. method according to claim 32, wherein said characteristic response figure comprises formant and a plurality of resonance peak.

34. method according to claim 33, the step of wherein measuring the resonance frequency of system comprises following other sub-step:

The driving frequency of step (a6)-identification formant.

35. method according to claim 33, the step of wherein measuring the resonance frequency of system comprises following other sub-step:

The driving frequency of step (a7)-identification n rank resonance peak; With

(driving frequency of a8) – n rank resonance is divided by n+1 for step.

36. method according to claim 35, wherein n=2.

37. method according to claim 35, wherein n=3.

38. method according to claim 31, the step of wherein selecting to be different from the operating frequency of described resonance frequency comprises selects to equal the frequency that resonance frequency is multiplied by scale factor.

39., according to the described method of claim 38, wherein scale factor is between 50% and 90%.

40., according to the described method of claim 38, wherein scale factor is between 110% and 150%.

41. inductive electric energy transmission system comprises at least one induction electric energy delivery outlet, described delivery outlet comprises:

At least one is wired to the primary induction coil of power supply through exciter, described exciter is configured to provide the driving voltage through described primary induction coil, described driving voltage is in the transmission frequency vibration of the resonance frequency that significantly is different from described induction coupling

Described primary coil is configured to and at least one secondary induction coil formation induction coupling that is wired to electric loading, and described secondary induction coil is relevant to the induction power supply receiver;

Wherein said inductive transmission systems is configured to from the resonance frequency of measuring described induction coupling.

42. inductive electric energy transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said registration mechanism comprises alignment system, it is configured to and can operates the primary inductor that makes the induction power supply electrical appliance aim at the secondary inductor in target area, and described system comprises:

The first actuator, it is configured to along the first path movement primary inductor; With the second actuator, device is configured to along the second path movement secondary inductor.

43., according to the described system of claim 41, at least one in wherein said the first actuator and described the second actuator comprises stepping motor.

44., according to the described system of claim 41, at least one in wherein said the first actuator and described the second actuator comprises piezoelectric element.

45., according to the described system of claim 41, wherein said primary inductor can be coupled to described first dirver and described first dirver is coupled to described the second exciter.

46., according to the described system of claim 41, wherein said primary inductor can couple directly to described first dirver and described the second exciter.

47. according to the described system of claim 41, described the first path and described the second path quadrature towards.

48., according to the described system of claim 41, described the first path and described the second path are in adjacent one another are.

49., according to the described system of claim 41, at least one in wherein said first dirver and described the second exciter is configured to increment along the associated path stepping.

50., according to the described system of claim 48, described increment can be selected from low resolution increment and high-resolution increment.

51., according to the described system of claim 41, further comprise and be arranged to show the range sensor of described primary inductor to the distance of described secondary inductor.

52., according to the described system of claim 50, wherein said range sensor comprises and is selected from following at least one: voltage monitor, power monitor, electric current monitor and their combination.

53., according to the described system of claim 50, further comprise and be arranged to accept from range sensor the controller that transducing signal and control first dirver and the second exciter move.

54. according to the described system of claim 52, but wherein said controller can comprise the processor that the described first dirver of operation guide and described the second exciter move, and makes described primary inductor move into described secondary inductor and aims at.

55., according to the described system of claim 53, described processor is configured to select to send to according to following steps the actuated signal of actuator:

(step a) is accepted transducing signal from range sensor;

(step b) sends to the first actuated signal by actuated signal, moves primary inductor forward along the first path by an increment thus;

(step c) accepts new transducing signal from range sensor;

(steps d 1) if new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, so repeating step b and step c;

(steps d 2), if new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, sends reverse actuated signal so to the first actuator, moves primary inductor backward along the first path by an increment thus;

(step e) sends to the second actuator by actuated signal, moves primary inductor forward along the second path by an increment thus;

(step f) accepts new transducing signal from range sensor;

(step g 1) if new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, so repeating step e and step f; With

(step g 2), if new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, sends reverse actuated signal so to the second actuator, moves primary inductor backward along the second path by an increment thus.

56. according to the described system of claim 54, wherein said controller is configured to send the low resolution actuated signal, it is configured to move primary inductor by larger increment, and sends high-resolution signal, and it is configured to move primary inductor by less increment.

57. according to the described system of claim 55, processor can further be arranged to follow other step: (step h) high-resolution actuated signal sends to the first actuator, moves primary inductor forward along the first path by a little increment thus;

(step I) accepts new transducing signal from range sensor;

(step j1) if new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, so repeating step h and step I;

(step j2), if new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, sends reverse high actuated signal so to the first actuator, moves primary inductor backward along the first path by a little increment thus;

(step k) high-resolution actuated signal sends to the second actuator, moves primary inductor forward along the second path by a little increment thus;

(step l) accepts new transducing signal from range sensor;

(step m1) if new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, so repeating step k and step l; With

(step m2) is if new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, send so reverse high-resolution actuated signal to the second actuator, move primary inductor backward along the second path by a little increment thus.

58. aim at the primary inductor of inductive electric energy transmission system and the method for the secondary inductor in target area, described method comprises:

The first actuator be configured to along the described primary inductor of the first path movement is provided;

The second actuator be configured to along the described secondary inductor of the second path movement is provided;

The range sensor of the distance that is configured to show described primary inductor and described secondary inductor is provided;

The controller that is configured to receive from range sensor the movement of transducing signal and described the first actuator of control and described the second actuator is provided; With described controller send actuated signal in described the first actuator and described the second actuator at least one, make primary inductor move into secondary inductor and aim at.

59., according to the described method of claim 58, the step that wherein said controller sends actuated signal comprises: described controller receives transducing signal from range sensor;

Described controller sends actuated signal to the first actuator, moves primary inductor forward along the first path by an increment thus;

Described controller receives the new transducing signal of accepting from range sensor;

If new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, repetitive controller sends actuated signal and the step of accepting new transducing signal so; If new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, send so reverse actuated signal to the first actuator, move primary inductor backward along the first path by an increment thus;

Described controller sends actuated signal to the second actuator, moves primary inductor forward along the second path by an increment thus; Described controller is accepted new transducing signal from range sensor; If new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, repetitive controller sends actuated signal and the step that receives new transducing signal so; With

If new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, send so reverse actuated signal to secondary inductor, move primary inductor backward along the second path by an increment thus.

60. according to the described method of claim 59, further comprising the steps:

Described controller sends high-resolution actuated signal to the first actuator, moves primary inductor forward along the first path by a little increment thus;

Described controller receives the new transducing signal received from range sensor;

If new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, repeat so the step that described controller sends the high-resolution actuated signal and receives new transducing signal;

If new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, send so reverse high-resolution actuated signal to the first actuator, move primary inductor backward along the first path by a little increment thus;

Described controller sends high-resolution actuated signal to the second actuator, moves primary inductor along the second path by a little increment thus previous;

Described controller is accepted new transducing signal from range sensor; If new transducing signal shows that than previous signal primary inductor is closer to secondary inductor, repeat so the step that described controller sends actuated signal and receives new transducing signal; With

If new transducing signal shows primary inductor secondary inductor further away from each other than previous signal, send so reverse high-resolution signal to the second actuator, this moves primary inductor backward along the second path by a little increment thus.