CN103043970A - Concrete for nuclear power station - Google Patents
Concrete for nuclear power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN103043970A CN103043970A CN2012105888903A CN201210588890A CN103043970A CN 103043970 A CN103043970 A CN 103043970A CN 2012105888903 A CN2012105888903 A CN 2012105888903A CN 201210588890 A CN201210588890 A CN 201210588890A CN 103043970 A CN103043970 A CN 103043970A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention relates to concrete, in particular to concrete for a nuclear power station and belongs to the technical field of building construction. The concrete for the nuclear power station comprises the following components by mass percent: 8-30 percent of Portland cement, 1-20 percent of coal ash, 0.5-10 percent of silica powder, 35-55 percent of macadam, 20-40 percent of sand, 0.1-1 percent of polycarboxylic acid high-performance water-reducing and set-retarding admixture and 2-15 percent of water. The invention has the benefit that the prepared concrete consumes a small amount of cement, has high strength and high elastic modulus, achieves the characteristics of very strong durability and favorable workability through addition of silica powder and control of harmful ingredients, can reduce the phenomenon of delayed ettringite formation, has favorable pumping property and is suitable for mass concrete pumping construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of concrete, especially a kind of used in nuclear power station concrete belongs to technical field of building construction.
Background technology
Strong concrete refers to that strength grade is the above concrete of C60, be widely used in the domestic covil construction field, it is a kind of novel High Technique Concrete, increasing substantially on the basis of conventional concrete performance, adopting the modern concrete technology, selecting high-quality raw material, under appropriate quality control, make, have the ultimate compression strength height, non-deformability is strengthened, and reduces the structural section size; Concrete deformation is little, improves the rigidity of member, improves the concrete deformation performance; Concrete density is good, and impervious and anti-freezing property is better than normal concrete, can improve the engineering characteristics in work-ing life; High-strength concrete provides favourable condition for prestressing technique; Has obvious technical economic benefit.High performance concrete is a class concrete that can satisfy particular requirement under specific environment, and it is with the leading indicator of weather resistance as design, and its characteristics are: have good rheological property, bleeding not, do not emanate, but even self-flowing dense, not needing to vibrate to guarantee concrete construction quality; In the high performance concrete process of setting, volume stability, hydration heat is low, and dry shrinkage is little, leakless or few crack; Behind the setting and harden, concrete structure is closely knit, and porosity is low, and intensity is high, and is difficult for producing the crack, and has excellent impermeability, frost resistance and weather resistance etc.At home, when concrete strength＞C60 level, make concrete have the advantage of high-strength concrete and high performance concrete concurrently, its cement consumption needs greater than 350kg/m
3, cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defective that exists for prior art, and a kind of used in nuclear power station concrete of proposition has the advantage of high-strength concrete and high performance concrete concurrently when reducing cost.
The present invention is by following technical scheme technical solution problem: a kind of used in nuclear power station concrete, calculate by mass percentage, composed of the following components:
Silicate cement 8-30%
Flyash 1-20%
Silica flour 0.5-10%
Rubble 35-55%
Sand 20-40%
Poly-carboxylic high-performance water-reducing and set-retarding admixture 0.1-1%
Water 2-15%.
Further, calculate by mass percentage, composed of the following components:
Silicate cement 13.6%
Flyash 5.43%
Silica flour 1.0%
Rubble 44.7%
Sand 29.2%
Poly-carboxylic high-performance water-reducing and set-retarding admixture 0.27%
Water 5.8%.
In the said components, described silica flour grade is more than 90U, and specific surface area is 15000～35000 m
2/ kg, Cl
-Content≤0.02%, SiO
2Content 〉=85%, SO
3Content≤2.0%, total alkali≤0.60%, f-CaO content≤1.0%, water ratio≤1%, water demand ratio≤125%.
4. used in nuclear power station concrete according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described rubble is 5～20mm, elongated particles≤8%, silt content≤0.5%, cubic compressive strength 〉=105MPa, soundness≤5%, crush index value≤12%.
Described flyash is I level F class.
The content of stone powder of described sand≤5%, cement content≤1%, clod content≤0.5%, crush index value≤20%.
The pH value of described water 〉=4.5.
The water-reducing rate of described poly-carboxylic high-performance water-reducing and set-retarding admixture 〉=25%, air content≤6%.
The present invention prepares concrete by the following method:
Step 1, described water, rubble, sand, silicate cement and silica flour are stirred 10～50S by described mass percent;
The poly-carboxylic high-performance water-reducing and set-retarding admixture of step 2, the described mass percent of adding stirs 150～240, gets product.
The center thermal insulation warming of above finished product≤40 ℃.28 days intensity 75MPa(right cylinder test specimen intensity) more than, 28 days tensile strength 〉=4.5MPa, 28 days Young's modulus 〉=39GPa, the concrete work time had good pumping construction performance more than or equal to 1.5 hours.
The present invention reduces concrete center top temperature by adding a large amount of adulterants, control every raw-material alkali content, sulphur content, change concrete inner microenvironment, make it not possess the condition that the delayed ettringite formation phenomenon occurs and reduce the possibility that produces the crack and the ettringite breakoff phenomenon occurs to postpone, improve concrete quality and weather resistance.Its concrete preparation principle is as follows:
The preparation strong concrete when cement, sand, aggregate and admixture are determined, generally is to realize by improving cement consumption and admixture mineral additive, wherein, improve cement consumption and can improve concrete strength within the specific limits, although satisfied requirement of strength, the Strength surplus amount is few; Such concrete workability is better, but excessively sticking, even occurs hardening, and is unfavorable for construction; Cement concrete hydration reaction after building is fierce, the concrete core temperature is too high, produce easily thermal cracking, some trickle pores that hydration reaction forms at inside concrete, after also making concrete strength reach certain limit, can't improve again, so add a certain amount of SILICA FUME the space be filled up, further increase concrete density.
SILICA FUME is the industry byproduct that is produced by the high purity quartz in the mineral hot furnace, coke and wood chip reduction in ferrosilicon or the Pure Silicon Metal production process, and its main component is SiO
2, belong to inert substance, with most of acid, alkali react with not, the median size of silicon powder particle is about 1/100 of cement granules footpath at 0.1～0.3um, and specific surface area is at 15000～35000m
2Between/the kg, belong to superfine powdery material.SILICA FUME added greatly improved concrete intensity and weather resistance in the concrete, but and application property.Because, particle voids in the silicon powder particle fill concrete, improved the cohesive strength between cement slurry and the aggregate, can reduce bleeding, prevented that moisture from assembling at the aggregate lower surface, effectively reduce and eliminate and precipitate and demixing phenomenon, and improve the degree of compactness of interfacial transition zone and reduce the thickness of interfacial transition zone, thereby improve volume of concrete density and reduced porosity, greatly improve the pore structure of inside concrete, make concrete more closely knit, and then reduced the harmful ion transmission speed.SILICA FUME has pozzolanic reaction in concrete, free Ca (OH) in itself and the concrete
2In conjunction with carrying out secondary reaction of hydration, form stable calcium silicate hydrate 3CaOSiO
2H
2O reduces Soluble Ca (OH)
2And ettringite (3CaOAl
2O
3CaSO
42H
2) generation, increased the hydrated calcium silicate crystal, and newly-generated thing intensity is higher than Ca (OH)
2Crystal.In addition, because Ca (OH)
2The minimizing of content, energy Effective Raise weak acid corrosive power; Anti-salt corrosion is especially to villaumite and vitriol.And new resultant stops up infiltration lane in the concrete, greatly improves concrete impermeability.Yet also there is defective in the concrete of admixture silica flour: the concrete hydrating reaction is fiercer, and core temperature is high, and shrinks greatly, very easily produces the crack.
For improving above defective, can select to mix flyash or slag powders, mix slag powders after, concrete strength is substantially suitable, but water consumption is larger, water-retentivity is relatively poor, when concrete flowability was better, its bleeding was also more serious.And behind the adding flyash, because flyash does not have the independently hydraulicity, the SiO of its vitreum microballon top layer activity
2And Al
2O
3By with hydrolysis product of cement Ca (OH)
2Secondary reaction of hydration occurs, generate preferably low alkalinity hydrated product of quality, and fly vitreous microballon skin has fine and close glassiness top layer, hindered the secondary hydration of flyash, its active effect needs just can show in the later stage, also hinder the hydration reaction of silica flour, alleviated the too fast too high growth of concrete core temperature.In addition, the further fill concrete particle of fly ash grain makes inner grain composition further perfect, thereby has improved concrete density and Young's modulus.Therefore the present invention selects flyash to mix in the concrete.The flyash of the large volume of admixture and silica flour, its hydration heat reduce obviously that (such as cement: flyash: silica flour=320:120:25 weight ratio, 3d hydration heat are 201J/g, and the 7d hydration heat is 232 J/g; Therefore, this concrete is suitable for mass concrete construction.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the concrete cement consumption of preparation is low, and have high strength, high elastic coefficient, adding silica flour and to the control of objectionable constituent, make it have very strong weather resistance, the characteristics that workability is good, and can reduce generation delay ettringite phenomenon, have good pump-conveying property, be applicable to the mass concrete pumping construction.
Embodiment
Embodiment
(1) simultaneous test
Select different spikes to compare experiment, spike is selected as follows:
1) plain cement;
2) single mixing silica;
3) two mixing (silica flour and slag powders, silica flour and flyash);
Experimental data sees Table 1:
Table 1 simultaneous test proportioning
For the essentially identical scheme of above water-cement ratio, carry out a large amount of proportioning investigative tests and starting material simultaneous test, pass through test-results, most of intensity can both meet the demands, Comparative Examples one, concrete are too sticking, and workability is poor, hydration heat is too high, Comparative Examples two bleeding poor water retention property, application property is bad, and Comparative Examples three hydration heat are higher, integrated water heat-transmission, proportioning economy, workability consider that embodiment obviously is better than front four kinds.
(2) starting material and high performance concrete prepare embodiment
Slag powders: the good sheep slag powders of the splendid steel in Guangdong is produced, the S95 level, and its performance sees Table 1
Table 2 slag powders performance
SILICA FUME: sky, Shanghai happy silica flour company limited, 90U
Table 3 SILICA FUME performance
| Specific surface area m 2/kg | Loss on ignition % | Water ratio (%) | SiO 2% | Degree of mobilization compares % | Activity index % |
| 20800 | 2.82 | 0.9 | 0.04 | 102 | 106 |
Cement: Zhujiang River Cement Co., Ltd is produced P II 42.5 cement, and its performance sees Table 3
Table 4 cement performance
Flyash: Ming Hui trade Co., Ltd in Zhuhai produces I level F class high-quality fly ash, and its performance sees Table 5
Table 5 flyash performance
| Fineness (the 45um square hole sieve tails over) | Loss on ignition | f-CaO % | Water demand ratio % | Alkali content % | SO 3 % |
| 9.0 | 0.62 | 0.28 | 94 | 0.56 | 0.36 |
Sand: the on-the-spot Machine-made Sand of Taishan nuclear power, II district medium sand, performance sees Table 6
The salient features of table 6 sand
| Fineness modulus | Content of stone powder % | Clod content % | Crush values % | Soundness % | Apparent density kg/m 3 |
| 2.9 | 3.9 | 0.2 | 14.6 | 3 | 2600 |
Rubble: the on-the-spot machine-processed rubble 5～20mm of Yangjiang Nuclear Power, performance sees Table 7
The salient features of table 7 rubble
| Silt content % | Clod content % | Crush values % | Faller gill shape granule content % | Soundness % | Apparent density kg/m 3 |
| 0.4 | 0.1 | 8.3 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 2640 |
The poly-carboxylic high-performance water-reducing and set-retarding admixture: the ADVA161C of Grace China Ltd. efficient retarding and water reducing agent, flowing degree of net paste of cement 341mm, 1 hour slump retention value is 174mm, and water-reducing rate is 33.8%, and air content is 4.1%.
Present embodiment prepares the used in nuclear power station concrete in the steps below:
Step 1, Jiang Shui, rubble, sand, silicate cement and silica flour are pressed proportioning stirring 10～50S in the table 1;
The poly-carboxylic high-performance water-reducing and set-retarding admixture of proportioning stirs 150～240 in step 2, the adding table 7, gets product.
The cooperation of present embodiment when analog reslt sees Table 8:
Table 8 is executed example and is cooperated when analog reslt
7 days hydration heat 233J/g of the used cement of table 8.
The cooperation of present embodiment when site operation test-results sees Table 9:
Table 9 is executed example and is cooperated when site operation test-results
7 days hydration heat 236J/g of the used cement of table 9.
Test as can be known by simulation test and site operation, every performance index of this concrete are good, the center top temperature is 67.6 ℃ during the site operation concrete pouring, data and site operation starting material and proportioning according to on-the-spot maintenance temperature rise, carry out Fast simulation and postpone the ettringite reaction test, the delayed ettringite formation phenomenon does not occur in the construction process in result at the scene, meets the demands fully.
By above-described embodiment as can be known the principal feature of used in nuclear power station high performance concrete of the present invention be:
(1) intensity is high, can stablize to reach 70MPa above (the strength specimen model is cylinder model D160 * 320mm), be equivalent to the C85 (150 * 150 * 150 mm cube strength) of GB, even the intensity of C100.
(2) Young's modulus is high (more than or equal to 3.9*10
4MPa can reach 4.7*10
4MPa).
(3) all strictly control of harmful substance contents, cement content in the concrete, mass concrete center top temperature is not more than 80 ℃, has reduced as much as possible the risk that the delayed ettringite formation phenomenon occurs.
(4) the design slump large (180 ± 30 ㎜), degree of mobilization is excellent, and slump rheological parameters' change with time is little, and the 90min slump can be stablized and remains on about 180mm, and workability is good, and the surface is suitable as pumping concrete construction without bleeding;
(5) workability is good, and the low (300～350kg/m of cement consumption
3), hydration heat is low, is applicable to mass concrete construction.
Except above-mentioned enforcement, this product can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of this product invention requirement.
Claims (9)
1. a used in nuclear power station concrete is calculated by mass percentage, and is composed of the following components:
Silicate cement 8-30%
Flyash 1-20%
Silica flour 0.5-10%
Rubble 35-55%
Sand 20-40%
Poly-carboxylic high-performance water-reducing and set-retarding admixture 0.1-1%
Water 2-15%.
2. used in nuclear power station concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: calculates by mass percentage, composed of the following components:
Silicate cement 13.6%
Flyash 5.43%
Silica flour 1.0%
Rubble 44.7%
Sand 29.2%
Poly-carboxylic high-performance water-reducing and set-retarding admixture 0.27%
Water 5.8%.
3. used in nuclear power station concrete according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described silica flour grade is more than 90U, and specific surface area is 15000～35000 m
2/ kg, Cl
-Content≤0.02%, SiO
2Content 〉=85%, SO
3Content≤2.0%, total alkali≤0.60%, f-CaO content≤1.0%, water ratio≤1%, water demand ratio≤125%.
4. used in nuclear power station concrete according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described rubble is 5～20mm, elongated particles≤8%, silt content≤0.5%, cubic compressive strength 〉=105MPa, soundness≤5%, crush index value≤12%.
5. used in nuclear power station concrete according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described flyash is I level F class.
6. used in nuclear power station concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the content of stone powder of described sand≤5%, cement content≤1%, clod content≤0.5%, crush index value≤20%.
7. used in nuclear power station concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the pH value of described water 〉=4.5.
8. used in nuclear power station concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the water-reducing rate of described poly-carboxylic high-performance water-reducing and set-retarding admixture 〉=25%, air content≤6%.
9. the concrete preparation method of described used in nuclear power station according to claim 1 and 2 may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, described water, rubble, sand, silicate cement and silica flour are stirred 10～50S by described mass percent;
The poly-carboxylic high-performance water-reducing and set-retarding admixture of step 2, the described mass percent of adding stirs 150～240, gets product.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012105888903A CN103043970A (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Concrete for nuclear power station |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012105888903A CN103043970A (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Concrete for nuclear power station |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106836808A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-13 | 中建二局第三建筑工程有限公司 | Self-compacting large-volume concrete construction method |
| CN107814528A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-20 | 上海市建筑科学研究院 | A kind of forming method of high fine and close low porosity concrete |
| CN109369097A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-02-22 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | A kind of low cracking resistance mass concrete of high performance of creeping of lower shrinkage |
| CN109704609A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-05-03 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of method that delayed ettringite occurs in inhibition concrete |
| CN111233389A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-06-05 | 国核示范电站有限责任公司 | Concrete for nuclear power station |
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| CN102344269A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-02-08 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | Silica sacrificing concrete |
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2012
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Patent Citations (1)
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| CN102344269A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-02-08 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | Silica sacrificing concrete |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106836808A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-13 | 中建二局第三建筑工程有限公司 | Self-compacting large-volume concrete construction method |
| CN107814528A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-20 | 上海市建筑科学研究院 | A kind of forming method of high fine and close low porosity concrete |
| CN107814528B (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2020-11-13 | 上海市建筑科学研究院 | Forming method of high-density low-porosity concrete |
| CN109369097A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-02-22 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | A kind of low cracking resistance mass concrete of high performance of creeping of lower shrinkage |
| CN109369097B (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2021-08-03 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | Low-shrinkage low-creep anti-cracking high-performance mass concrete |
| CN109704609A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-05-03 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of method that delayed ettringite occurs in inhibition concrete |
| CN109704609B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2021-05-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for inhibiting generation of delayed ettringite in concrete |
| CN111233389A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-06-05 | 国核示范电站有限责任公司 | Concrete for nuclear power station |
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Application publication date: 20130417 |