CN102985779B - The method of heat exchanger tube sheet, heat exchanger and manufacture heat exchanger tube sheet - Google Patents
The method of heat exchanger tube sheet, heat exchanger and manufacture heat exchanger tube sheet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102985779B CN102985779B CN201180031517.1A CN201180031517A CN102985779B CN 102985779 B CN102985779 B CN 102985779B CN 201180031517 A CN201180031517 A CN 201180031517A CN 102985779 B CN102985779 B CN 102985779B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- tube sheet
- exchanger tube
- mould
- potted component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F11/00—Arrangements for sealing leaky tubes and conduits
- F28F11/02—Arrangements for sealing leaky tubes and conduits using obturating elements, e.g. washers, inserted and operated independently of each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
- F28F9/06—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by dismountable joints
- F28F9/14—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by dismountable joints by force-joining
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2225/00—Reinforcing means
- F28F2225/08—Reinforcing means for header boxes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2230/00—Sealing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
- F28F2255/14—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes molded
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
- F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49366—Sheet joined to sheet
- Y10T29/49368—Sheet joined to sheet with inserted tubes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49373—Tube joint and tube plate structure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Manufacture in one in the method for heat exchanger tube sheet (10), potted component (32) is arranged in the respective end (34) of heat exchanger tube (36).The described end (34) with described potted component (32) of described heat exchanger tube (36) is arranged in the pre-position of mould (42).The described end (34) of described heat exchanger tube (36) is sealed, and makes in the casting cycle of tube sheet material, wait that the tube sheet material cast in described mould (42) can not enter described heat exchanger tube (36).Tube sheet material is cast in mould (42) to cover described potted component (32).This tube sheet material is sclerosis in described mould (42).
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture heat exchanger tube sheet method, heat exchanger tube sheet and be provided with the heat exchanger of this tube sheet.
Standard mode for the outer shell-and-tube side liquid of the end separate heat exchanger at pipe utilizes tube sheet.Pipe is inserted in the logical bore which arranged in tube sheet, subsequently pipe is soldered to tube sheet to form tight seal (tightsealing).In order to allow the thermal expansion of pipe, around tube sheet and between the shell of heat exchanger, be provided with flexible bellows (bellow).Such heat exchanger is commonly called air supported head (floatinghead) heat exchanger, learns an embodiment of this heat exchanger from US5759500.A known disadvantage of floating head heat exchanger is, the sensitiveness of the thermal fatigue cracking that air supported head corrugated part causes for the normal expansion in temperature cycles process.
EP1422488 discloses a kind of alternative of the thermal expansion for pipe, and the program is introduce wiper seal system to every root pipe in tube sheet.Allow pipe to slide axially through O shape ring, this O shape ring is pressurizeed to provide tight seal by threaded collar nut.Obviously, this system needs a considerable amount of parts, and this makes to be applied to have in the larger heat exchanger of hundreds and thousands of pipes is troublesome and unpractical.
A specific embodiment of the tube sheet of the heat exchanger be made up of plastic material is disclosed in US3426841.Plastic tube in plastics tube sheet by the plastic sheath pipe fitting extended out from tubesheet holes around, this plastic sheath pipe fitting is welded to pipe end.Although plastic sheath pipe fitting forms flexible tight seal between tube sheet and pipe, it is the very fragile part of this plastic heat exchanger and needs relatively large welding.
Obviously, in the thermal expansion adapted between (accommodate) pipe with shell, above-mentioned design and assembly technology are complicated, troublesome, effort, time-consuming and are therefore expensive, and the final products simultaneously obtained neither be optimal.
One object of the present invention is to provide and manufactures improving one's methods of heat exchanger tube sheet.
More precisely, object is to provide a kind of method manufacturing tube sheet, and this tube sheet forms tight seal and allows the expansion of each independent pipe simultaneously between heat exchanger tube and shell fluid-side.
Another object is to provide the method being easy to manufacture tube sheet, and does not need the welding of pipe subsequently, rotation or the threaded collar nut of mounting strap etc.
Another object is to provide the method manufacturing tube sheet, and compared with other constituent material any, this tube sheet is particularly suitable for the heat exchanger be made of plastics, to adapt to the thermal expansion of the increase of plastic tube.
Also object is to provide the heat exchanger tube sheet of improvement.
According to a first aspect of the invention, realize one or more object by the method manufacturing heat exchanger tube sheet, the method comprises:
-potted component is arranged in the respective end of heat exchanger tube,
-by the layout pre-position in a mold, described end with potted component of heat exchanger tube,
The described end of-sealing heat exchanger tube, thus prevent the tube sheet material cast from described mould to be poured in the casting cycle of described tube sheet material from entering heat exchanger tube,
-tube sheet material is cast in a mold to cover described potted component,
-described tube sheet material is hardened in the mold.
After the sclerosis of described tube sheet material, the tube sheet material comprising sclerosis and the heat exchanger tube with potted component can integrally remove from mould.
Therefore, be in predetermined longitudinal direction or height and position place by the end that potted component is positioned at heat exchanger tube relative to described end, and by pre-position in a mold, potted component location.Then, the described end of heat exchanger tube is arranged in a mold.Described end is subsequently by temporarily sealing, and make cast by tube sheet material in (cast, cast) process in a mold, the tube sheet material cast from mould to be poured can not enter heat exchanger tube.After the described end of sealing, by the casting of tube sheet constituent material in a mold to cover or submergence potted component, in other words, this material is poured into the thickness being enough to keep potted component.Because the end of heat exchanger tube is sealed in tube sheet material casting process in a mold, the inside of heat exchanger tube therefore can not be entered in described end by the tube sheet material of casting.Method according to the present invention allows the tube sheet manufacturing the potted component with multiple embedding in an easy manner.
Potted component allows the accurate independent of potted component to arrange on the end of heat exchanger tube in the location of pre-position, such as, the interlaced arrangement of potted component is to obtain intensive pipe group.Such as, the oppressed outer surface at pipe of the potted component of reduced size and be positioned subsequently and manage in vertical imaginary plane.Element is preferably accurately aimed at imaginary plane, is more preferably positioned at and arranges two or more imaginary plane with the order of intermeshing, thus forms compacter heat exchanger.The interaction arrangement of element is positioned at the thickness range of tube sheet to be cast.
In manufacturing method according to the invention process, the temporarily sealing of the described end of heat exchanger tube guarantees that in casting cycle, tube sheet material can not enter heat exchanger tube.(such as by being compressed on the bottom of mould described end) sealing of described end can be realized in many ways.Pipe or pipe group can be positioned at vertically and have in the tubesheet dimension of expectation and the mould of shape.Advantageously, the bottom of mould is by being that NAG material (this material is preferably silicon rubber) is made, to seal the inside of described pipe and to allow it easily to remove from mould relative to tube sheet and pipe constituent material.Optional reinforcement material location such as such as fiber or fiber mat or metal reinforcement etc. in a mold.Then liquid-state epoxy resin is poured in mould into the thickness reaching expectation.In solidification and after removing from mould, obtain the tube sheet with the pipe group provided with seal form.
Surprisingly, some finding tube sheet constituent material and pipe constituent material is combined in the step of solidification and can not bonds.An example of non-caked character is the tube sheet be made up of the epoxy resin with aluminum oxide (aluminium oxide) ground pigment, or the tube sheet be made up of epoxy resin that being strengthened by fiber (such as glass fibre or carbon fiber), and the heat exchanger tube be made up of polypropylene.But pipe also can be made up of other plastic material or metal.Potted component can be made of a variety of materials.Such as, each potted component includes fluoropolymer and/or synthetic rubber, such as ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) or nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), and/or silicones.Non-adherent character allows pipe to slide through the potted component of tube sheet and embedding.Identical manufacturing step can be applied to and manufacture similar tube sheet at the opposite side place of pipe group.
In an alternate embodiment, heat exchanger tube end casting process in the following manner by temporarily sealing.By the casting of encapsulant (such as silicon rubber) layer in a mold to make the end section of pipe end be submerged.Allowing after encapsulant solidifies, on sealing material layer one deck tube sheet constituent material being cast in solidification, it is also allowed to solidify.Afterwards, such as by the encapsulant of sclerosis is removed from the tube sheet material of sclerosis and the described end of heat exchanger tube or divests, or by being excised by the end section of the encapsulant of sclerosis together with the described end of heat exchanger tube, and remove the sealing material layer of solidification.
Metal insert can be arranged in a mold, wherein, this metal insert comprises multiple through hole, and wherein, the end section with potted component of the described end of described heat exchanger tube is inserted in the through hole of metal insert, and wherein, when the end section of described end has been inserted in the through hole of metal insert, the described end of described heat exchanger tube seals (sealing element makes heat exchanger tube and metal insert relative to each other seal) by potted component, and wherein, tube sheet material is cast on metal insert to cover the part extended above potted component of potted component and heat exchanger tube.After tube sheet material sclerosis, the tube sheet comprising the tube sheet material of metal insert and sclerosis and the heat exchanger tube with potted component are integrally removed from mould.
Metal insert can be made up of such as iron, stainless steel or aluminium.In this case, the parts of plastics of tube sheet is strengthened by metal insert.The main body of the tube sheet obtained by this method is made up of plastic main body portion and metal body portion.Parts of plastics can comprise the epoxy resin being such as bonded to metallic member.Metallic member enhances the intensity of whole tube sheet and hardness and allows parts of plastics suitably thinner.
When heat exchanger tube is made up of metal (such as stainless steel), potted component can be used for heat exchanger tube is aimed at the center of through hole.When tube sheet there is aluminium oxide reinforcement and at stainless steel tube, O shape ring also may be used for making stainless steel tube to be aligned in the aluminum portions of tube sheet in the heart, prevent the direct contact between different metal thus, otherwise the direct contact between different metal may cause galvanic corrosion (galvaniccorrosion, couple corrosion).Also the advantage of galvanic corrosion can be realized preventing when managing and plastic material has caking property.
Each through hole all can comprise the bottom with the first internal diameter, the connecting portion extended from bottom radial direction and extends from connecting portion and have the top of second internal diameter larger than the first internal diameter, wherein, the external diameter of heat exchanger tube is less than the first internal diameter, and the external diameter wherein, being arranged in the potted component on the described end of heat exchanger tube is greater than the first internal diameter and is less than the second internal diameter.Therefore, the through hole in metal insert defines scalariform connecting portion, and when being inserted in through hole by the heat exchanger tube with potted component, this scalariform connecting portion is that potted component defines shoulder (shoulder) or stop part.This positiver sealing of end causing the precise positioning of potted component and cause heat exchanger tube in casting cycle.
The tube sheet obtained by method according to the present invention can adapt to the independent expansion of every root pipe.Therefore, tube sheet itself can be fixedly connected to shell.Therefore, according in a preferred embodiment of the inventive method, before casting, a shell is located in a mold.Like this, in the fabrication process, during casting, pipe group and heat exchanger housing are located in a mold all vertically.When casting tube sheet, be connected to each other tube sheet and housing integration.
Also the outer surface of pipe can be processed with non-adhesive material (similar such as silicone oil or non-adhesive paper tinsel), to prevent that not there is bonding between the pipe constituent material of non-adherent performance and tube sheet constituent material by nature.
Alternatively, tube sheet can be cast in around pipe group, described pipe group has corrugated portion in a longitudinal direction.The tube sheet obtained by this method provides tight seal between heat exchanger tube hydroforming, and allows the thermal expansion of each independent pipe simultaneously.The corrugated portion of pipe is compressed due to thermal expansion, which has limited the power on tube sheet.This embodiment is preferably applied when there is bonding between tube hydroforming constituent material.When between tube hydroforming, the past, bonding did not occur in time, the O shape ring in this embodiment only has secondary function.Preferably, have with the pipe of corrugated portion tube sheet when without the need to O shape collar around pipe and there is location heat exchanger housing in a mold cast.
Relate to the heat exchanger tube sheet for keeping (hold) heat exchanger tube in a sealing fashion according to a second aspect of the invention, this plate comprises the plastics material body with the first first type surface and the second relative first type surface, this main body comprises multiple through hole, each through hole is limited by the periphery hole wall extending to the second first type surface from the first first type surface, and periphery hole wall has circumferential groove, and wherein, elastic sealing elements is contained in circumferential groove, described potted component projects in through hole from circumferential groove, wherein, described through hole roughly extends parallel to each other in main body, and wherein, the circumferential groove of adjacent through-holes is interlaced with each other on the axial direction of through hole.
In this case, provide the tube sheet of tight seal for heat exchanger tube and expansion, described tube sheet comprises the main body of the planar body being generally such as rectangular slab, and it has the first first type surface or plane and the second relative first type surface or plane.Plate main body comprises the plastic material of loop-like epoxy resins, because it has favourable corrosion resistance, antifouling properties, is easy to manufacturing and intensity.Main body can be made up of plastic main body portion and metal body portion.Main body has multiple through hole (throughhole) or bore which (bore), and each through hole is all for each pipe to be installed.Each through hole limits by periphery hole wall, and this hole wall extends through described main body from the first plane to the second relative plane.Through hole has cross section, preferably circular cross section.Advantageously, the cross section of through hole (except circumferential groove) on the longitudinal direction of through hole is constant.But such as, slightly tapered through hole is also suitable embodiment.Circumferential groove is provided with, such as ring-shaped groove in periphery hole wall.The size configurations of circumferential groove becomes to make it to keep potted component.Advantageously, the opening of groove is included in perimeter wall completely, although it also may extend to a plane of tube sheet main body.The potted component (preferably O shape ring) be made up of elasticity and/or compression material keeps in a groove.Groove may cut bottom.Potted component can have the thickness larger than the A/F of groove, makes perimeter wall around potted component, thus prevents potted component from removing from groove to a great extent.Thus potted component is embedded in groove.Potted component have less than cross section in logical bore which in cross section, thus potted component extends into logical bore which from groove, allows to engage corresponding heat exchanger tube hermetically, and the external cross section that this pipe has is larger than cross section in potted component.Thus potted component can be heat exchanger tube and provides interference engagement.
The performance (particularly elasticity and compressibility) of potted component provides tight seal at the outer surface place of pipe, between upstream side and downstream, form barrier.The composite around potted component is manufactured the shape of the tubesheet dimension needed for (being such as cast into).The overall dimension of tube sheet depends on heat exchanger housing size.Particularly, its thickness depends on required intensity and pressure rating.Advantageously, the parts of plastics of tube sheet can be passed through reinforcement material (the such as particle of similar glass fibre and/or carbon fiber, and/or the powder of similar aluminium oxide and silica) and strengthens.A kind of preferred composite is the epoxy resin comprising alumina powder.Embedding sealing element in tube sheet main body makes fluid barriers extend in the vertical direction around the outer surface of pipe, and forms so a kind of tube sheet, makes it once be connected to heat exchanger housing just by pipe side liquid and shell side fluid phase separation.Resilient engagement (but tight seal) between potted component and main body allows pipe relative to the unconfined thermal expansion of shell.Thus provide so a kind of tube sheet, it adapts to the independent expansion of each pipe.Preferably, select the constituent material of main body and the constituent material of pipe as follows, make can not bond in the fabrication process, as set forth below.
In the embodiment of tube sheet according to the present invention, through hole extends roughly in parallel with each other in main body, and wherein, the circumferential groove of adjacent through-holes is interlaced with each other on the axial direction of through hole.The groove of adjacent logical bore which is staggered on the thickness direction of main body.In this case, in projection, the groove part ground of adjacent logical bore which is overlapped.This allows the compact Layout of heat exchanger tube, and wherein, pipe is arranged abreast with the distance being less than depth of groove twice.
The invention still further relates to the heat exchanger comprising shell, this shell has the entrance and exit of the fluid for pending heat exchange, the group of multiple heat exchanger tube, at least one end of pipe be contained in limit above according in heat exchanger tube sheet of the present invention, the external cross section that pipe has is greater than the interior cross section of the potted component of described heat exchanger tube sheet.
Each embodiment of tube sheet as above is similarly applied to according to heat exchanger of the present invention.Preferably, pipe is made up of plastic material.More specifically, pipe by can not with heat exchanger tube sheet main body material binding and also can not make with the plastic material of the material binding of potted component.A kind of favourable combination is the main body be made up of epoxy resin that being strengthened by alumina powder or fiber (such as glass fibre or carbon fiber) and the pipe be made up of polypropylene.Potted component can be made of a variety of materials.Such as, each potted component includes fluoropolymer and/or synthetic rubber, such as such as ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) or nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), and/or silicones.
In another embodiment, the outer surface of pipe is provided with non-adhesive coating, that is, prevent the coating boning between the constituent material of main body one side and potted component and bond between another aspect and pipe constituent material.Such as, coating can comprise silicones containing fluid and/or non-adhesive paper tinsel.Easily non-adhesive fluid can be applied to the outer surface of pipe.
In one embodiment, tube end is provided with Mechanical stops and departs from from tube sheet to prevent tube end.This prevents tube end from moving in (heat) expansion cycles repeated, and avoids pipe to depart from from the sealed engagement of tube sheet thus.
The invention still further relates to the heat exchanger tube sheet for keeping heat exchanger tube in a sealing fashion, this plate comprises the main body with primary principal plane and the plastic material of relative secondary principal plane, this main body comprises multiple logical bore which, each logical bore which limits by the perimeter wall extending to the second relative plane from the first plane, this perimeter wall is provided with circumferential groove, elasticity and compressible potted component is maintained in described circumferential groove, the thickness (t) that sealing element has is greater than the A/F (b) of groove, and the interior cross section that sealing element has is less than the interior cross section of logical bore which.This heat exchanger tube sheet can be designed according to one or more feature of claim and/or according to the one or more features described in this explanation.
Further describe the present invention in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the cross section of the embodiment according to tube sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the front view of the embodiment according to tube sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows another embodiment according to tube sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows the embodiment according to tube sheet manufacture method of the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of manufacturing method according to the invention;
Fig. 6 diagrammatically illustrates according to heat exchanger of the present invention;
Fig. 7 shows another embodiment of the tube sheet manufacture method comprising the pipe with corrugated portion; And
Fig. 8 shows another embodiment of the tube sheet manufacture method comprising metal insert in a mold;
Fig. 1 shows the sectional view of the embodiment of the tube sheet of the potted component (being O shape ring) with embedding here.The entirety of tube sheet is represented with reference number 10.Tube sheet 10 comprises the rectangular slab main body 20 be made up of composite.Main body 20 has primary principal plane 22 and parallel and relative secondary principal plane 24.Fig. 1 shows the cylindrical logical bore which 26 extended between principal plane 22 and 24.Logical bore which 26 is delimitated by perimeter wall 28.In the illustrated embodiment, perimeter wall 28 is provided with circumferential groove 30.At the longitudinal direction of logical bore which 26, groove 30 has A/F b in perimeter wall 28.The thickness t of O shape ring 32 is larger than the A/F b of groove 30.The internal diameter of O shape ring is less than the internal diameter of logical bore which 26.One end 34 of heat exchanger tube 36 to be inserted in logical bore which 26 and by O shape ring sealed engagement, to be between the upstream side of pipe 36 and downstream thus to provide barrier at the outer surface of pipe.Because the NAG characteristic of composite and pipe constituent material in the fabrication process, pipe 36 is allowed to slide through logical bore which 26 and O shape ring 32, thus absorbing thermal expansion.
Fig. 2 shows the front view of the embodiment according to tube sheet 10 of the present invention, does not have pipe 36.
Fig. 3 shows the similar view of an embodiment of tube sheet 10.But in order to obtain compact group of heat exchanger tube 36, as shown in projection, the groove 30 of adjacent logical bore which 26 is partly overlapping each other.Such as by the groove 30 ' of the first logical bore which 26 ' is positioned in the first plane parallel with 24 with the principal plane 22 of plate main body 20, and by be positioned at around logical bore which 26 " groove 30 " with this first parallel plane second plane in and reach this object.In other words, groove is staggered.The internal diameter of O shape ring 32 is less than the external diameter of pipe 36 and the internal diameter of logical bore which 26.
Fig. 4 a-f shows according to tube sheet manufacture method of the present invention.In fig .4, less O shape ring is located around its outer surface at one end 34 place of pipe 36.Multiple pipe 36(of stack up are called the group 40 of pipe 36) be placed on vertically have expect tubesheet dimension plate-like mould 42 in bottom 44 on.The lower end of pipe 36 is suppressed on the bottom 44 thus is sealed the inside of described pipe 36 relative to mould 42.The epoxy resin of liquid state poured in mould 42 into the predetermined altitude that reaches and extend O shape ring 32 elevation-over and make it solidify.In the process of curing schedule, tube sheet main body 20 is formed around O shape ring 32 and pipe 36.Due to the non-adherent performance between epoxy resin and pipe constituent material, do not set up pipe and being fixedly connected with between main body on the one hand, do not set up pipe and being fixedly connected with between O shape ring on the other hand yet.Final step is that mould 42 is moved apart tube sheet 10, or tube sheet is moved apart mould (see Fig. 4 c).
As shown in Fig. 4 d, e and f, can by one deck encapsulant 15(such as silicon rubber) casting (cast, cast), in mould, makes the end section of tube end be immersed in silicon rubber.After silicon rubber 15 has solidified, silicon rubber one deck tube sheet constituent material being cast in this layer of solidification same allows its solidification.Then, the silicon rubber 15 of this layer of solidification is removed.Such as, the silicon rubber 15 solidified by this layer by being cut from the adjacent part of tube end with the end section of tube end by the silicon rubber 15 of solidification removes (Fig. 4 e) together with this end section.Alternatively, the silicon rubber 15 of solidification can be torn off (Fig. 4 f) from the tube sheet constituent material solidified and tube end.
Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of method constructed in accordance, and itself and Fig. 4 are similar, but in the second step of manufacture process, and it comprises further heat exchanger housing 50 is poured into tube sheet 10 together with pipe group 40.
Fig. 6 diagrammatically illustrates shell and pipe in pipe 100, it has the shell 50 as housing, this shell is provided with the entrance 102 for supplying heat-exchange fluid (such as seawater) and the outlet 104 for being discharged by heat-exchange fluid, and exports 108 for the entrance 106 of the product stream supplying to be cooled or heating with corresponding.The pipe 36 of group 40 is provided with Mechanical stops 110, departs from from tube sheet 10 to prevent pipe in thermal expansion cyclic process.
Fig. 7 shows another embodiment of manufacturing method according to the invention, itself and Fig. 4 are similar, but comprise further at the second step of manufacture process and heat exchanger housing 50 and pipe group 40 are poured into tube sheet 10 jointly, wherein all there is corrugated portion in each pipe 36.
Fig. 8 shows the alternative embodiment of manufacturing method according to the invention, and itself and Fig. 4 are similar, but wherein, tube sheet 10 is made up of metallic member 62 and the parts of plastics 64 such as comprising epoxy resin.Two parts 62,64 are bonded to one another the independent tube sheet of formation one.In the process manufacturing this tube sheet, metallic member 62 is arranged in a mold as metal insert 62.Then by the end of heat exchanger tube 36 being inserted in the through hole of metal insert 62, the described end being provided with O shape ring 32 is arranged in a mold.The tube wall of the end of heat exchanger tube 36 seals relative to metal insert 62 by O shape ring 32, makes in the casting cycle of tube sheet material, waits that the tube sheet material of casting in a mold can not enter heat exchanger tube 36.After the casting and sclerosis of tube sheet material, the tube sheet material of sclerosis, metal insert and the heat exchanger tube with the O shape ring embedded are removed from mould.
The present invention can also be described by following clause:
1. for keeping the heat exchanger tube sheet (10) of heat exchanger tube (36) in a sealing fashion, this plate (10) comprises the main body (20) with the first first type surface (22) and the plastic material of relative the second first type surface (24), described main body (20) comprises multiple through hole (26), each through hole (26) limits by the periphery hole wall (28) extending to relative the second first type surface (24) from the first first type surface (22), periphery hole wall (28) is provided with circumferential groove (30), and wherein, elastic sealing elements (32) is accommodated in circumferential groove (30), potted component (32) protrudes into through hole (26) from circumferential groove (30).
2. according to the heat exchanger tube sheet of clause 1, wherein, through hole (26 '; 26 ") extend in main body (20) roughly in parallel with each other, and wherein, adjacent through-holes (26 '; The circumferential groove of 26 ") (30 ") at through hole (26 '; 26 " interlaced with each other on axial direction).
3. according to the heat exchanger tube sheet of clause 2, wherein, in projection, adjacent logical bore which (26; The circumferential groove of 26 ") (30 ") partly overlapping each other.
4., according to the heat exchanger tube sheet of in aforementioned clause, wherein, the plastic material of main body (20) comprises the composite of epoxy resin and/or the reinforced epoxy resin of such as aluminium oxide or fiber reinforced epoxy resin.
5. heat exchanger (100), comprising: shell (50), and this shell has the entrance (102 for the fluid of pending heat exchange; 106) and outlet (104; 108); The group (40) of multiple heat exchanger tube (36); And according to the heat exchanger tube sheet (10) of in aforementioned clause, wherein, heat exchanger tube (36) is each all has layout at least one end (34) in through-holes in one of (36), makes potted component (32) clamp described end (34) in a sealing fashion.
6. according to the heat exchanger of clause 5, wherein, heat exchanger tube (36) is made up of so a kind of material, and described material does not bond with the plastic material of the main body (20) of heat exchanger tube sheet (10), and not with the material binding of potted component (32).
7. according to the heat exchanger of clause 5 or 6, wherein, heat exchanger tube (36) comprises polypropylene.
8., according to the heat exchanger of in clause 5-7, wherein, the outer surface of heat exchanger tube (36) is provided with non-adhesive coating.
9., according to the heat exchanger of in clause 5-8, wherein, each heat exchanger tube (36) is provided with corrugated portion (38) along its longitudinal direction.
10. manufacture the method for heat exchanger tube sheet (10), comprise the following steps:
A) potted component (32) is arranged in pre-position in mould (42); And
B) in the mould (42) cast tubes plate material to cover potted component (32)
C) sclerosis in mould (42) of this tube sheet material is made.
11. according to the method for clause 10, and wherein step a) comprises
A1) potted component (32) is arranged in the respective end (34) of heat exchanger tube (36);
A2) described end (34) are arranged in mould (42); And
A3) described end (34) is sealed.
12. according to the method for clause 11, and wherein, mould (42) comprises bottom (44), and wherein, bottom (44) is made up of flexible material, such as, be made up of the material comprising silicones, and wherein step a3) comprise described end (34) are resisted against on the bottom (44) of mould (42).
13. according to the method for clause 11, wherein, step a3) comprise the encapsulant such as comprising silicon is poured in mould (42) to cover the end section of described end (34), make the sealing material hardening of the end section of the described end of covering (34), and wherein, tube sheet material is cast on the encapsulant of sclerosis, and wherein, after step c), by heat exchanger tube (36), the encapsulant of this sclerosis and the tube sheet material entirety of this sclerosis remove from mould, and wherein, excise this end section of described end (34) thus the encapsulant of sclerosis is removed.
14. according to the method for of clause 10-13, and wherein, tube sheet material comprises plastic material, such as epoxy resin and/or composite, the reinforced epoxy resin of such as aluminium oxide or fiber reinforced epoxy resin.
15. according to the method for of clause 10-14, and wherein, heat exchanger tube (36) is made up of the material that can not bond with tube sheet material.
Above in one or more feature of clause and/or introduction and one or more features of describing of accompanying drawing one or more features of claim individually or can be applied in any combination mode of feature.
Claims (13)
1. manufacture the method for heat exchanger tube sheet (10), comprising:
-potted component (32) is arranged in the respective end (34) of heat exchanger tube (36),
-the described end (34) with described potted component (32) of described heat exchanger tube (36) is arranged in the pre-position of mould (42),
-seal the described end (34) of described heat exchanger tube (36), make to wait that the described tube sheet material cast in described mould (42) can not enter described heat exchanger tube (36) in the process of tube sheet material casting
-described tube sheet material is cast in cover described potted component (32) in described mould (42),
Make the described tube sheet material sclerosis in described mould (42),
Wherein, metal insert (62) is disposed in described mould (42), wherein, described metal insert (62) comprises multiple through hole, and the end section with the described end (34) of described potted component (32) of wherein said heat exchanger tube (36) is inserted in the described through hole of described metal insert (62), and wherein, when the described end section of described end (34) has been inserted in the described through hole of described metal insert (62), the described end (34) of described heat exchanger tube (36) is sealed by the described potted component (32) making described heat exchanger tube (36) and described metal insert (62) relative to each other seal, and wherein, described tube sheet material is cast on described metal insert (62) to cover the part extended in described potted component (32) top of described potted component (32) and described heat exchanger tube (36).
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, described mould (42) comprises bottom (44), and wherein, described bottom (44) is made up of flexible material, and the described bottom (44) wherein, by the described end (34) of described heat exchanger tube (36) being resisted against described mould (42) is upper and seal described end (34).
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, seal the described end (34) of described heat exchanger tube (36) as follows, described step is, encapsulant is cast in described mould (42) to cover the end section of described end (34), and make the described sealing material curing of the described end section covering described end (34), and wherein, described tube sheet material is cast on the encapsulant of described sclerosis, and wherein, after described tube sheet material hardens in described mould (42), by described heat exchanger tube (36), the encapsulant of described sclerosis and the tube sheet material of described sclerosis integrally remove from described mould, and wherein, remove the encapsulant of described sclerosis subsequently.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, each described through hole includes the bottom with the first internal diameter, the connecting portion extended from described bottom radial direction and extends from described connecting portion and have the top of the second internal diameter, described second internal diameter is greater than described first internal diameter, and wherein, the external diameter of described heat exchanger tube (36) is less than described first internal diameter, and the external diameter wherein, being arranged in the described potted component (32) on the described end (34) of described heat exchanger tube (36) is greater than described first internal diameter and is less than described second internal diameter.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein, described metal insert (62) comprises aluminium.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, described tube sheet material comprises plastic material.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein, described tube sheet material comprises composite.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein, the material do not bondd with described tube sheet material in the process of described heat exchanger tube (36) by casting and the described tube sheet material that hardens in described mould (42) is made.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein, described heat exchanger tube (36) is not made with the material of the described material binding of described potted component (32) by the process of casting and the described tube sheet material that hardens in described mould (42).
10. method according to claim 1, wherein, described heat exchanger tube (36) comprises plastics.
11. methods according to claim 1, wherein, described mould (42) comprises metal.
12. heat exchanger tube sheet that can obtain according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein (10).
13. heat exchangers (100), comprise the entrance (102 had for the fluid of pending heat exchange; 106) and outlet (104; 108) group (40) of shell (50), multiple heat exchanger tube (36) and heat exchanger tube sheet according to claim 12 (10), wherein, each described heat exchanger tube (36) all has at least one end (34) be arranged in one of described through hole (26), thus described potted component (32) clamps described end (34) in a sealing manner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610035384.XA CN105651099B (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2011-05-06 | Heat exchanger tube sheet, heat exchanger and the method for manufacturing heat exchanger tube sheet |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10162177.9 | 2010-05-06 | ||
| EP10162177 | 2010-05-06 | ||
| PCT/EP2011/057332 WO2011138444A1 (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2011-05-06 | Heat exchanger tube sheet, a heat exchanger and a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger tube sheet |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610035384.XA Division CN105651099B (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2011-05-06 | Heat exchanger tube sheet, heat exchanger and the method for manufacturing heat exchanger tube sheet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102985779A CN102985779A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
| CN102985779B true CN102985779B (en) | 2016-02-17 |
Family
ID=43431954
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201180031517.1A Expired - Fee Related CN102985779B (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2011-05-06 | The method of heat exchanger tube sheet, heat exchanger and manufacture heat exchanger tube sheet |
| CN201610035384.XA Active CN105651099B (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2011-05-06 | Heat exchanger tube sheet, heat exchanger and the method for manufacturing heat exchanger tube sheet |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610035384.XA Active CN105651099B (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2011-05-06 | Heat exchanger tube sheet, heat exchanger and the method for manufacturing heat exchanger tube sheet |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9429365B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2567171A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6068332B2 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN102985779B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011138444A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2011138444A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
| US20130105127A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
| CN105651099A (en) | 2016-06-08 |
| CN102985779A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
| JP6068332B2 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
| US9429365B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 |
| JP2013525741A (en) | 2013-06-20 |
| CN105651099B (en) | 2017-11-21 |
| EP2567171A1 (en) | 2013-03-13 |
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