CN102924196A - Expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102924196A CN102924196A CN201210510206XA CN201210510206A CN102924196A CN 102924196 A CN102924196 A CN 102924196A CN 201210510206X A CN201210510206X A CN 201210510206XA CN 201210510206 A CN201210510206 A CN 201210510206A CN 102924196 A CN102924196 A CN 102924196A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and a method for preparing the same. The expanded ammonium nitrate explosive comprises the raw materials of ammonium nitrate, water, slurry, oil phase and additive. The method for preparing the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive comprises the steps: ammonium nitrate is added into water, the slurry is added after mixing and dissolving, and the water phase solution is produced after uniform mixing; the additive is added into the oil phase to be uniformly mixed so as to produce the oil phase solution; and then, the water phase solution and the oil phase solution are uniformly mixed, and the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is produced through expanded crystallizing, grinding and cooling. The expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is dispensed with the conventional wood meal, so that intrinsic safety is improved during the production process; and moreover, the waste slurry with low prices is taken as the raw material, so that the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and the production cost is greatly lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation method, belong to the explosive substance preparing technical field.
Background technology
At present, the technique that domestic most enterprises is produced the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive employing is: first that ammonium nitrate is expanded, mix with reductive agents such as wood powder, oil phases more after crushed, and then hanging basket is delivered to the packing shop packing.This explained hereafter device is many, and equipment is complicated, and floor space is large, and it is large to deposit online dose.Contacted not closely by the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive oil phase of this explained hereafter with water, caused whole detonation property on the low side, because the multangular essential disadvantages of expanded ammonium nitrate microtexture, so that the finished product free-running property is poor, the blast hole charging difficulty has had a strong impact on quality product.
For original bulking ammonium nitrate explosive complex manufacturing, shortcoming that performance is not high, on the basis of using for reference the emulsion explosive technology of preparing, occurred aqueous ammonium nitrate solution expanded technology again after oil phase material mixes.
Such as Chinese patent literature CN101429081A(application number 200810219592.0) a kind of preparation technology of novel puffing nitramon disclosed, its processing step is: aqueous phase dissolved and oil phase fusing, two-phase is mixed, expanded crystallization, realize uninterrupted discharging by the vacuum cavity of checker, expanded explosive mixes with functional additive through metering after blanking bin falls into cool mixed spiral at goods, prepared expanded explosive work in-process are fallen into overhead chain conveyer through helix transporting device, be delivered to powder charge packing worker-house by overhead chain conveyer and carry out powder charge, make the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive finished product through packing.The expanded nitre explosive of this explained hereafter since water and oil phase under the effect of tensio-active agent, mix in advance, ammonium nitrate after expanded is combined tightr with oil phase, be conducive to improve the propagation of sensitivity and detonation, thereby the technique before such as the explosion velocity of explosive, brisance is enhanced.
Chinese patent literature CN102557845A(application number 201010617010.1) a kind of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation technology thereof are disclosed, belong to the industrial explosive field, this bulking ammonium nitrate explosive raw material is comprised of ammonium nitrate, oil phase, wood powder and composite additive, and the weight part proportioning of each raw material is as follows: 90～94 parts in ammonium nitrate, 3～5 parts of composite oil phases, 3～5 parts of wood powders, 0.1～0.3 part of composite additive.This technique has been cancelled oil, water mixing tank, the oil phase for preparing is directly joined in the water tank mix, and then pumps into expanded crystallization in the Bulking tank.
Although the technical scheme of above-mentioned patent literature has improved the detonation property of product, yet the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive free-running property is poor, easily the drawback of caking does not overcome, and in actual production process, need to add wood powder, porous grain ammonium nitrate and solve that free-running property is poor, the problem of easy caking, thereby the detonation property to explosive has produced again adverse influence, and over-all properties improves little.
In addition, wood powder is as the important component of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, in as reductive agent, because it has the advantages such as high, the negative oxygen balance of hydrocarbon content is large, density is little, hole is many, can regulate the porousness of product, alleviate caking tendency and the intensity of explosive, therefore in powder industrial explosive, be widely used.Yet being applied in when having promoted the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive performance of wood powder brought again very large potential safety hazard.Because its burning-point is lower, the phenomenon of burning very easily occurs in oven dry, storage and use procedure, bring very large threat for the safety in production of explosive, the security incident of domestic repeatedly powder type explosive is all relevant with wood powder.Therefore, by seeking substitute or improve technique, the use of cancellation wood powder in explosive production, significant aspect the essential safety in improving explosive production.
The semi-solid thing of the moisture formation of coal slime general reference coal dust is a kind of byproduct in the coal production process, and the processes such as mine drainage, waste dump water, steam coal coal washing, coking coal coal separation all can produce a large amount of coal slimes.Because coal slime has the characteristics such as high-moisture, high viscosity, high retentiveness and low heat value, therefore be difficult to realize industrial application.In recent years along with the fast development of the depth ﹠ wideth of Coal dressing, the output of coal slime obviously rises, and the comprehensive utilization of coal slime has become problem in the urgent need to address.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of prescription, technique simple, the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of environmental protection and preparation method are to solve existing not high, the easy caking of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive performance, the poor problem of free-running property.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Ammonium nitrate: 85～94 parts, 8.5～9.4 parts in water, coal slime: 3～6 parts, oil phase: 2～10 parts, additive: 0.1～0.2 part;
Described binder component is as follows, all is weight percentage:
Primary octadecylamine acetate: 60 ~ 70%, stearic acid: 10 ~ 20%, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate: 10 ~ 20%;
Above-mentioned ammonium nitrate, coal slime, primary octadecylamine acetate, stearic acid, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate are all with dry weight basis;
Make as follows:
Ammonium nitrate is added to the water, adds coal slime after the stirring and dissolving, stirring makes aqueous phase solution; Additive is added in the oil phase, stir, make oil-phase solution; Then after aqueous phase solution and oil-phase solution being mixed, after expanded crystallization, pulverizing, cooling, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
Preferred according to the present invention, described coal slime oxygen balance is-0.59～-3.39.
Described oil phase is the habitual raw material in this area, is the composite oil phase that loads among the CN102557845A as adopting publication number, also can directly buy by market.
The preparation method of above-mentioned bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, step is as follows:
(1) ammonium nitrate is added to the water, after the stirring and dissolving, then adds coal slime, stir, 125 ~ 135 ℃ of temperature controls make aqueous phase solution;
(2) additive is added in the oil phase, be warming up to 110 ~ 120 ℃, stir, make oil-phase solution;
(3) after the oil-phase solution that the aqueous phase solution that step (1) is made and step (2) make mixes,-0.06MPa ~-evenly spray the continuous swelling crystallization under the 0.09MPa pressure condition, 8 ~ 14 minutes expanded time, then after pulverizing, lowering the temperature, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
Preferred according to the present invention, the temperature of water is 48 ~ 52 ℃ in the described step (1).
Preferred according to the present invention, the pulverizing in the described step (1) be with the crushing material after the expanded crystallization to particle diameter less than 0.85mm.
Preferred according to the present invention, the cooling in the described step (1) is that nature is cooled to temperature≤42 ℃.
Beneficial effect
1, bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of the present invention has been cancelled the use of traditional wood powder, and the intrinsic safety in the production process is improved; And take the waste coal slime of cheapness as raw material, energy-conserving and environment-protective have greatly reduced production cost;
2, the preparation method of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of the present invention has compared with prior art cancelled mixed pharmaceutical worker's order, is finished product after the expanded pulverizing, and technique is simple, flow process is short, it is few to deposit online dose;
3, good, the prevented from caking of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive free-running property of the present invention, product performance are high, and finished explosive products detonation thoroughness is good.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described further, but institute of the present invention protection domain is not limited to this.
The raw material explanation
Ammonium nitrate is available from Shanxi, the Henan limited liability company of worker's share control takeover group of becoming civilized;
Oil phase among the embodiment 1～2 is available from the Huaibei ninety percent matrix material company limited; Oil phase among the embodiment 3 is that ceresine and soft wax obtain according to mass ratio 8:3 mixed preparing, and ceresine is available from Cangzhou forest wax industry company limited, and soft wax is available from the prosperous Tonghua of Maoming City worker company limited;
Coal slime is available from the prosperous coal transportation and sales in Yanzhou company, and the coal slime oxygen balance value be-0.6 among the embodiment 1, the coal slime oxygen balance value is-1.98 among the embodiment 2, the coal slime oxygen balance value is-3.37 among the embodiment 3;
The primary octadecylamine sodium-acetate is available from Haicheng City, Naxi, Luzhou chemical industry company limited;
Stearic acid is available from Haicheng City, Naxi, Luzhou chemical industry company limited;
Sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate is available from the Nanhe County basic coating of perseverance company limited.
Detection method
The detection method of density, induced detonation and examination criteria are referring to GB/T12438; The detection method of explosion velocity and examination criteria are referring to GB/T13228; The detection method of brisance and examination criteria are referring to GB/T12440;
The free-running property testing method:
Adopt the dynamic test decision method, quantitative sample is positioned in the funnel, carry out vibration experiment, the time that working sample flows down fully, the relative superior or inferior of more different sample free-running properties at the vibratory screening apparatus of constant vibrational frequency.Under the same terms, it is shorter to flow down required time fully, and free-running property is better.Each experiment sample thief 200g.Carry out the free-running property test experiments at ZBSX92A type jarring formula standard vibration sieve (available from Shanghai thunder rhythm test apparatus Manufacturing Co., Ltd);
The main performance index of vibratory screening apparatus is: oscillating stroke 25mm, the 218 times/min of number of times that swings, 109 times/min of jarring number of times, up and down amplitude of vibration stroke 6mm.
Embodiment 1
A kind of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, feed composition is as follows:
Ammonium nitrate: 90kg, water 9kg, coal slime: 5kg, oil phase: 9kg, additive: 0.15kg;
Described binder component is as follows, all is weight percentage:
Get primary octadecylamine sodium-acetate: 0.105kg, stearic acid: 0.0225kg, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate: 0.0225kg mixes as additive for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned ammonium nitrate, coal slime, primary octadecylamine acetate, stearic acid, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate are all with dry weight basis;
The preparation method of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, step is as follows:
(1) ammonium nitrate is joined in 50 ℃ of water, after the stirring and dissolving, then add coal slime, stir, 135 ℃ of temperature controls make aqueous phase solution;
(2) additive is added in the oil phase, be warming up to 110 ℃, stir, make oil-phase solution;
(3) after the oil-phase solution that the aqueous phase solution that step (1) is made and step (2) make mixes, under-0.08MPa pressure condition, evenly spray the continuous swelling crystallization, 14 minutes expanded time, then drying, be crushed to particle diameter less than 0.85mm, be cooled to 42 ℃ after, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
Product performance:
Powder charge specification: φ 32/150g, wrapping material: ordinary wax paper volume, density: 0.85g/cm
3, explosion velocity: 3900m/s, brisance: 15.1mm; Induced detonation: 〉=5cm.
Free-running property detects data and sees table 1 for details.
Embodiment 2
A kind of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, feed composition is as follows:
Ammonium nitrate: 92kg, water 9.2kg, coal slime: 4kg part, oil phase: 5.64kg, additive: 0.15kg;
Described binder component is as follows, all is weight percentage:
Get primary octadecylamine sodium-acetate: 0.105kg, stearic acid: 0.0225kg, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate: 0.0225kg mixes as additive for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned ammonium nitrate, coal slime, primary octadecylamine acetate, stearic acid, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate are all with dry weight basis;
The preparation method of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, step is as follows:
(1) ammonium nitrate is joined in 48 ℃ of water, after the stirring and dissolving, then add coal slime, stir, 125 ℃ of temperature controls make aqueous phase solution;
(2) additive is added in the oil phase, be warming up to 120 ℃, stir, make oil-phase solution;
(3) after the oil-phase solution that the aqueous phase solution that step (1) is made and step (2) make mixes, under-0.09MPa pressure condition, evenly spray the continuous swelling crystallization, 12 minutes expanded time, then drying, be crushed to particle diameter less than 0.85mm, be cooled to 42 ℃ after, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
Product performance:
Powder charge specification: φ 32/150g, wrapping material: ordinary wax paper volume, density: 0.86g/cm
3, explosion velocity: 3800m/s, brisance: 16.3mm, induced detonation: 〉=5cm.
Free-running property detects data and sees table 1 for details.
Embodiment 3
A kind of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, feed composition is as follows:
Ammonium nitrate: 94kg, water 9.4kg, coal slime: 4kg, oil phase: 2kg, additive: 0.15kg;
Described binder component is as follows, all is weight percentage:
Get primary octadecylamine sodium-acetate: 0.105kg, stearic acid: 0.0225kg, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate: 0.0225kg mixes as additive for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned ammonium nitrate, coal slime, primary octadecylamine acetate, stearic acid, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate are all with dry weight basis;
The preparation method of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, step is as follows:
(1) ammonium nitrate is joined in 52 ℃ of water, after the stirring and dissolving, then add coal slime, stir, 130 ℃ of temperature controls make aqueous phase solution;
(2) additive is added in the oil phase, be warming up to 115 ℃, stir, make oil-phase solution;
(3) after the oil-phase solution that the aqueous phase solution that step (1) is made and step (2) make mixes, under-0.06MPa pressure condition, evenly spray the continuous swelling crystallization, 8 minutes expanded time, then drying, be crushed to particle diameter less than 0.85mm, be cooled to 42 ℃ after, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
Product performance:
Powder charge specification: φ 32/150g, wrapping material: ordinary wax paper volume, density: 0.86g/cm
3, explosion velocity: 3900m/s, brisance: 15.7mm, induced detonation: 〉=5cm.
Free-running property detects data and sees table 1 for details.
Table 1
Analyze
By above-described embodiment as can be known, the properties of the described product of patent application of the present invention meets industry standard WJ9026(density: 0.8 ~ 1.0g/cm
3, explosion velocity: 〉=3200m/s, brisance: 〉=12mm, induced detonation: 〉=related request in 3cm), simultaneously, owing to adopt coal slime to replace wood powder, thereby it is low to have overcome burning-point, and the drawback of burning very easily occurs in oven dry, storage and use procedure, has improved the security in the explosive production process; And have table 1 to find out, product free-running property of the present invention obviously is better than common bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
Claims (6)
1. a bulking ammonium nitrate explosive is characterized in that feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Ammonium nitrate: 85～94 parts, 8.5～9.4 parts in water, coal slime: 3～6 parts, oil phase: 2～10 parts, additive: 0.1～0.2 part;
Described binder component is as follows, all is weight percentage:
Primary octadecylamine acetate: 60 ~ 70%, stearic acid: 10 ~ 20%, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate: 10 ~ 20%;
Above-mentioned ammonium nitrate, coal slime, primary octadecylamine acetate, stearic acid, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate are all with dry weight basis;
Make as follows:
Ammonium nitrate is added to the water, adds coal slime after the stirring and dissolving, stirring makes aqueous phase solution; Additive is added in the oil phase, stir, make oil-phase solution; Then after aqueous phase solution and oil-phase solution being mixed, after expanded crystallization, pulverizing, cooling, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
2. bulking ammonium nitrate explosive as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described coal slime oxygen balance is-0.59～-3.39.
3. the preparation method of the described bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of claim 1 is characterized in that, step is as follows:
(1) ammonium nitrate is added to the water, after the stirring and dissolving, then adds coal slime, stir, 125 ~ 135 ℃ of temperature controls make aqueous phase solution;
(2) additive is added in the oil phase, be warming up to 110 ~ 120 ℃, stir, make oil-phase solution;
(3) after the oil-phase solution that the aqueous phase solution that step (1) is made and step (2) make mixes,-0.06MPa ~-evenly spray the continuous swelling crystallization under the 0.09MPa pressure condition, 8 ~ 14 minutes expanded time, then after pulverizing, lowering the temperature, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the temperature of water is 48 ~ 52 ℃ in the described step (1).
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the pulverizing in the described step (1) be with the crushing material after the expanded crystallization to particle diameter less than 0.85mm.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the cooling in the described step (1) is that nature is cooled to temperature≤42 ℃.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105859493A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-08-17 | 河南久联神威民爆器材有限公司 | Low-density rock expanded AN explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN114478144A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-13 | 陕西北方民爆集团有限公司 | Viscous powdery emulsion explosive for top hole and preparation method thereof |
| CN115124395A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-30 | 河南久联神威民爆器材有限公司 | Liquid composite oil phase, preparation method and expanded ammonium nitrate explosive |
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| CN1613834A (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2005-05-11 | 石家庄开发区成功科技有限公司 | Emulsified and expanded explosive and its production |
| CN101348403A (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-01-21 | 浙江永进化工有限公司 | Waterproof type rock swelling ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation technique thereof |
| CN102336618A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-02-01 | 新时代(济南)民爆科技产业有限公司 | Liquid-mixture expander for expanded ammonium nitrate explosive |
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| US5936194A (en) * | 1998-02-18 | 1999-08-10 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Thickened emulsion compositions for use as propellants and explosives |
| CN1280973A (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2001-01-24 | 蔡剑斌 | Low-density snow-like ammonium nitrate and its preparing process |
| CN1613834A (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2005-05-11 | 石家庄开发区成功科技有限公司 | Emulsified and expanded explosive and its production |
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| CN105859493A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-08-17 | 河南久联神威民爆器材有限公司 | Low-density rock expanded AN explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN105859493B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2018-12-11 | 河南久联神威民爆器材有限公司 | A kind of low-density rock expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation method |
| CN114478144A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-13 | 陕西北方民爆集团有限公司 | Viscous powdery emulsion explosive for top hole and preparation method thereof |
| CN115124395A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-30 | 河南久联神威民爆器材有限公司 | Liquid composite oil phase, preparation method and expanded ammonium nitrate explosive |
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