CN102901221A - Forced finned straight pipe condensation heat-supply heat exchanger - Google Patents
Forced finned straight pipe condensation heat-supply heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN102901221A CN102901221A CN2012103535521A CN201210353552A CN102901221A CN 102901221 A CN102901221 A CN 102901221A CN 2012103535521 A CN2012103535521 A CN 2012103535521A CN 201210353552 A CN201210353552 A CN 201210353552A CN 102901221 A CN102901221 A CN 102901221A
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 241000242583 Scyphozoa Species 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
- F24H8/006—Means for removing condensate from the heater
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
- F24H1/403—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes the water tubes being arranged in one or more circles around the burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
- F24H1/406—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes the tubes forming a membrane wall
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40
- F24H1/445—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 with integrated flue gas condenser
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
- F24H3/08—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes
- F24H3/087—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes using fluid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0084—Combustion air preheating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a forced finned straight pipe condensation heat-supply heat exchanger, which comprises a shell, a combustor and a plurality of finned straight pipes, wherein the combustor is positioned on the upper part of the shell; the periphery of the combustor is provided with a group of finned straight pipe bundles consisting of a plurality of finned straight pipes which are tightly and uniformly distributed along the circumference; a smoke exhaust pipeline which consists of the shell and a plurality of tightly arranged finned straight pipes is arranged below the combustor; the smoke exhaust pipeline is emptied through a smoke outlet; two ends of the finned straight pipes are respectively front water main pipes and rear water main pipes; clapboards are arranged in the rear water main pipes; the rear water main pipes are separated into a water inlet area and a water outlet area through the clapboards; and water flow enters part of the finned straight pipes through the water inlet area, reaches the front water main pipes and enters the water outlet area of the rear water main pipes through the other part of the finned straight pipes. The inwards folded finned straight pipes serve as basic elements of the forced finned straight pipe condensation heat-supply heat exchanger, and the heat exchange efficiency is obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Thermal Equipment field, specifically relate to a kind of pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device.
Background technology
After 20th century Middle East Oil Crisis, be energy savings, just developed the condenser boiler of high thermal efficiency in Europe, its distinguishing feature is that thermal efficiency ratio conventional design boiler improves more than 10%.Because the exhaust gas temperature of boiler is reduced to more than the dew point, a large amount of water vapour condensations and discharge the latent heat of vaporization in the flue gas have obvious energy-saving effect, and the condensing heat exchanger that applies in the condenser boiler develops according to its principle exactly.
Fuel gas buring can comprise for the heat that utilizes latent heat two parts of water vapour in the sensible heat of flue gas and the flue gas.The plain edition heat exchanger is subjected to the restriction of its structure, and high fume temperature can only utilize the low heat value part of combustion gas; Condensing heat exchanger since exhaust gas temperature very low, the sensible heat that not only can fully absorb flue gas can also absorb latent heat, utilization be the high heating value of flue gas.Therefore, the utilization efficiency of heat energy of condensing heat exchanger can improve greatly.For heat and the collection condensate water that fully absorbs high-temperature flue gas, its general secondary heat exchange mode that adopts, during work, high-temperature flue gas enters sensible heat exchanger and condensation segment heat exchanger successively from the bottom to top, and water (flow) direction is just in time opposite, pass through first the condensation segment heat exchanger, cold water enters main heat exchanger again and absorbs the flame sensible heat after the condensation segment heat exchanger absorbs the high-temperature flue gas waste heat.Flue-gas temperature will be down to normal temperature after heat exchanger absorbs sensible heat and latent heat, discharged by the top flue, for safe and reliable discharge flue gas, condensing heat exchanger adopts the mode of forced fume exhaust to discharge flue gas, condense so that the water vapour in the flue gas is as much as possible, this latent heat amount and sensible heat amount that heated water is absorbed is just more, and its energy-saving effect is just better.So condensing heat exchanger has utilized the heat that falls as flue gas loss, and heat loss due to exhaust gas has been become useful heat, the degree that this part heat effectively utilizes has determined the energy-saving effect of condensing heat exchanger.
Yet the flue gas that enters condensing heat exchanger generally is superheat state, and along with the reduction of flue-gas temperature and the condensation of steam, flue gas is gradually to the saturation state transition, and state at last reaches capacity.According to measuring, when exhaust gas temperature about 50 ° of C, condensing heat exchanger exhanst gas outlet state is close to saturation state, approaching degree is relevant with the component of flue gas, heat exchanger structure and heat and mass transfer process.Experimental data shows that in the prior art, the flow path of flue gas still exists much " dead band " phenomenon or " short circuit " state, has reduced heat exchange efficiency.
1. the Heat supply and heat exchange device of traditional non-condensing boiler is made by carbon steel or cast iron, and the exhaust gas temperature in when design generally all is higher than 150 ℃, does not consider to absorb that water vapor condensation discharges a large amount of sensible heats and latent heat in the flue gas, does not have the condensed water generation.
2. condensing boiler has the characteristics of high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly, is the developing direction of boiler industry and is promoted widely.Condensing boiler is owing to produced a large amount of faintly acid condensed waters, condensing boiler Heat supply and heat exchange device will seriously shorten the life-span of condensing boiler if use the materials such as steel plate commonly used or cast iron to make condensing boiler Heat supply and heat exchange device, so must use stainless steel or cast aluminium to be processed into.At present, adopt stainless steel light pipe or cast aluminium to make more.
3. the technology with cast-aluminum die processing heat exchanger is mature on the whole, but can only make the many Heat supply and heat exchange devices of 500KW.Large-scale cast aluminium piece exists die cost high, and processing technology is complicated, and the problem that product rejection rate is high is so that can't be with the direct machining large Heat supply and heat exchange of cast-aluminum die device.
These two kinds of heat exchangers in normal circumstances, the thermal efficiency can reach about 96% at most.
5. the return water temperature when boiler is higher than 60 ℃, and boiler will not produce condensed water.At this moment the sensible heat of heat exchanger in can only recovered flue gas, the thermal efficiency also only has about 87%.
6. air preheater generally adopts in the large-sized boilers such as power station.In heating boiler, also do not adopt.
7. traditional Heat supply and heat exchange device manufactures and designs the Heat supply and heat exchange device that varies in size according to the different demand of client, and heat exchanger varies in size, and required parts are also different, are unfavorable for industrialized mass production.
Summary of the invention
Problem in view of above-mentioned prior art exists has proposed the present invention.
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, how to overcome in the prior art heat exchanger structure design deficiency and cause the inadequate problem of flow of flue gas path heat exchange, how to improve the heat-transfer area structure and increase the purpose that heat exchange area improves heat exchange efficiency to reach, simultaneously so that boiler can be done littlely under Same Efficieney, take less volume, and how to be attached to cleverly air preheater in the heat exchanger, thereby carry out secondary heat exchange, further reduce exhaust gas temperature when improving the initial temperature that air enters.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device, comprise housing, be arranged at burner and a plurality of fin straight tube in the housing, be provided with water inlet on the housing, delivery port and exhaust opening, burner is connected with air and gas inlet device: burner is positioned at housing top, be coaxially installed with one group by the fin straight tube bundle of the tight circumference uniform distribution of a plurality of fin straight tubes around the burner, the burner below is provided with the smoke discharging pipe that is comprised of housing and a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tube, and smoke discharging pipe is emptying by exhaust opening; Described fin straight tube two ends are respectively front jellyfish Guan Yuhou jellyfish pipe, are provided with dividing plate in the rear jellyfish pipe, and dividing plate is divided into inlet area and outlet area with rear jellyfish pipe; Current enter a part of fin straight tube by the inlet area, jellyfish pipe before arriving, and then current enter the outlet area of rear jellyfish pipe again by another part fin straight tube.
As a kind of preferred version of pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of the present invention, wherein: be provided with dividing plate in the described rear jellyfish pipe, dividing plate is divided into inlet area and outlet area with rear jellyfish pipe; Current enter the fraction fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle and the fin straight tube of described smoke discharging pipe by the inlet area, jellyfish pipe before arriving, then current enter the outlet area of rear jellyfish pipe again by another part fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle.
As a kind of preferred version of pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of the present invention, wherein: be provided with dividing plate in the described rear jellyfish pipe, dividing plate is divided into inlet area and outlet area with rear jellyfish pipe; The fin straight tube of described circumference uniform distribution is identical with the diameter of the fin straight tube that consists of smoke discharging pipe, and the quantity of the fin straight tube of described inlet area equates with the quantity of the fin straight tube of outlet area; Perhaps the fin straight tube of described circumference uniform distribution is not identical with the diameter of the fin straight tube that consists of smoke discharging pipe, and the sectional area sum of the fin straight tube of described inlet area equates with the sectional area sum of the fin straight tube of outlet area.
A kind of preferred version as pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of the present invention, wherein: the adjacent fin of described compact arranged fin straight tube is carried out bending or extrusion process, so that finned tube both sides fin infolding at an angle, formed two the infolding faces of finned tube are parallel or present certain angle.
As a kind of preferred version of pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of the present invention, wherein: the arranged outside of the fin straight tube bundle that is comprised of a plurality of fin straight tube close-packed arrays around the described burner has outer deflector.
A kind of preferred version as pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of the present invention, wherein: described outer deflector is that the cross section is " V " type strip deflector with radian, fit with the fin straight tube outside, the adjacent of compact arranged fin straight tube and the flow-guiding mouth of outer deflector stagger mutually.
A kind of preferred version as pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of the present invention, wherein: the inboard that described burner below forms the fin straight tube of smoke discharging pipe is provided with interior deflector, described interior deflector is that the cross section is " V " type strip deflector with radian, fit with the fin straight tube, the adjacent of compact arranged fin straight tube and the flow-guiding mouth of interior deflector stagger mutually.
As a kind of preferred version of pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of the present invention, wherein: be provided with air preheater in the described smoke discharging pipe; Described air preheater passes smoke discharging pipe and is connected with air inlet device; Described exhaust opening is the tubing type exhaust opening, and its upper end is exhaust opening, and its lower end is condensation-water drain, and the middle part is the air intlet of air preheater.
As a kind of preferred version of pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of the present invention, wherein: the air preheater in the described smoke discharging pipe is one or more cuboid or cylindrical air intake duct.
A kind of preferred version as pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of the present invention, wherein: burner is positioned at lower housing portion, be coaxially installed with one group by the fin straight tube bundle of the tight circumference uniform distribution of a plurality of fin straight tubes around the burner, the burner top is provided with the smoke discharging pipe that is comprised of housing and a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tube, and smoke discharging pipe is emptying by exhaust opening; Described fin straight tube two ends are respectively front jellyfish Guan Yuhou jellyfish pipe, are provided with dividing plate in the rear jellyfish pipe, and dividing plate is divided into inlet area and outlet area with rear jellyfish pipe; Current enter the fraction fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle and the fin straight tube of described smoke discharging pipe by the inlet area, jellyfish pipe before arriving, then current enter the outlet area of rear jellyfish pipe again by another part fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle.
Adopt technical scheme of the present invention, have following useful technique effect:
Integral arrangement of the present invention can improve heat exchange efficiency.The present invention has adopted burner to be arranged on the top, exhaust opening is arranged on the secondary countercurrent flow arrangement of below, flue gas after the burner combustion flows downward from the heat exchanger top, pass first burner on every side finned tube and outer deflector, then pass finned tube and the interior deflector of smoke discharging pipe, along smoke discharging pipe, adverse current is emptying to exhaust opening.And water inlet is arranged on exhaust opening place, bottom, and delivery port is arranged on heat exchanger top, and water is by water inlet, finned tube, and the heat exchanger two ends connect the up and down cavity of finned-tube bundle, for example can be front jellyfish pipe and stepmother's water pipe, finally discharge by delivery port.Take the heat exchange mode of adverse current, the outlet temperature of water just more likely is higher than exhaust gas temperature, can greatly improve heat exchange efficiency, increases the heat exchange amount.
The present invention arranges suitable dividing plate in the female pipe of water inlet, passed through first a plurality of fin straight tubes of delegation of B-grade condensation heat exchange and by fraction circumference uniform distribution fin straight tube bundle, remained the water outlet of fin straight tube bundle through the one-level sensible heat transfer from circumference uniform distribution again by the baffle for separating current.Dividing plate is set, and the part straight tube of " rationally using " circumference uniform distribution fin straight tube bundle just can adopt the fin straight tube of unified specification as water inlet pipe, reduces the parts kind.The key components and parts modularized design is easy to mass production, reduces the production difficulty of heat exchanger, saves production cost, and simultaneously, the distance between control flame and the heat exchanger surface reduces flame temperature, and then makes NO
XReducing exhaust emission below 30PPM.
Finned tube after the secondary operations of the present invention can significantly improve heat exchange efficiency.The present invention adopts finned tube as the primary element of forcing fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device, on the surface of heat exchanger tube by with fin, thereby the external surface area that increases heat exchanger tube reaches the purpose that improves heat exchange efficiency, has strengthened the heat exchange of fume side, and whole heat exchanger volume is further reduced.By fin is carried out secondary operations, for example bending, extruding or cutting, so that spacing obviously reduces between the light pipe of finned tube, thereby so that smoke gas flow and light pipe carry out more fully contact scour, strengthen heat exchange, improve the turbulent fluctuation degree, increase convection transfer rate, effectively reach the purpose that strengthens heat transfer, improved heat exchange efficiency, whole heat exchanger volume is further reduced.
The present invention is provided with outer, interior deflector, is conducive to reduce " dead band " of smoke gas flow, further improves the shell-side fluid velocity flow profile.Among the present invention, by increasing some outer deflectors between the circumference finned-tube bundle outside and shell and the deflector that is positioned at smoke discharging pipe finned-tube bundle inboard, so that the flow path of flue gas is close to fin and light pipe, can further strengthen heat exchange, obviously improve the shell-side fluid velocity flow profile, reduce " dead band " or " short circuit " of smoke gas flow.
The present invention further is provided with air preheater, can raise the efficiency.Among the present invention, air preheater is dexterously in conjunction with being arranged in the discharge duct of heat exchanger, when winter outdoor air reach below-20 ℃, utilize fume afterheat to improve the air themperature that enters burner hearth, further reduce exhaust gas temperature, so that efficient reaches more than 98%, have positive effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that schematic diagram is looked on the right side of the described pressure fin of one embodiment of the invention straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device.
Fig. 2 is the main body schematic diagram of the described pressure fin of one embodiment of the invention straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device.
Fig. 3 is the schematic perspective view of the described pressure fin of one embodiment of the invention straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device.
Fig. 4 is the structure cross-sectional schematic of forcing fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device in the one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the operation principle schematic diagram of forcing fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device in the one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is that schematic diagram is looked on the operation principle right side with the pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of an air preheater in the one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is that A of the present invention is to enlarged diagram.
Fig. 8 is that B of the present invention is to enlarged diagram.
Fig. 9 is the structure cross-sectional schematic of the pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of another embodiment of the present invention burner when being positioned at the bottom.
Figure 10 is the operation principle schematic diagram of the pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of another embodiment of the present invention burner when being positioned at the bottom.
Figure 11 is that the master that the present invention forms the intrafascicular fin straight tube after treatment of described fin straight tube looks schematic diagram.
Figure 12 is that schematic diagram is looked on the left side that the present invention forms the intrafascicular fin straight tube after treatment of described fin straight tube.
Figure 13 is that the master that the present invention forms in described a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tube fin straight tube after treatment looks schematic diagram.
Figure 14 is that schematic diagram is looked on the left side that the present invention forms in described a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tube fin straight tube after treatment.
Figure 15 is with the right TV structure schematic diagram of the pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of two air preheaters among another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 16 be the present invention also among embodiment with the right TV structure schematic diagram of the pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of three air preheaters.
The specific embodiment
The below describes embodiments of the invention in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and it only is used for explanation the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Such as Fig. 1～shown in Figure 16, comprising: front jellyfish pipe 1, front apron 2, housing 3, fin straight tube bundle 4, outer deflector 5, burner 6, interior deflector 7, a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tube 8, rear jellyfish pipe 9, backboard 10, air preheater 11, exhaust opening 12, delivery port 13, water inlet 14, smoke discharging pipe 15, condensation-water drain 16, air intlet 17, dividing plate 18.
The pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of one embodiment of the invention is described with reference to figure 1～Fig. 3.Such as Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, a kind of pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device, comprise housing 3, burner 6 and fin straight tube bundle 4 and a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tube 8, the side shell of described housing 3 is welded into oval side shell by two " U " shape plates respectively, described oval side shell two ends installed inside has front apron 2 and backboard 10, and oval side shell and front apron 2 and backboard 10 are welded and fixed.In one embodiment, described front apron 2 and backboard 10 all adopt insulation material to make.
As shown in FIG., the outside of front apron 2 is equipped with front jellyfish pipe 1; The outside of backboard 10 is equipped with rear jellyfish pipe 9, has delivery port 13 and water inlet 14 on the heat exchanger shell 3.Also be provided with exhaust opening 12 on the housing 3, described exhaust opening 12 is the tubing type exhaust opening, and its upper end is exhaust opening 12, and its lower end is condensation-water drain 16, and the middle part is the air intlet 17 of air preheater 11.
As shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 is the structure cross-sectional schematic of forcing fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device in the one embodiment of the invention.In this embodiment, this forces fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device, it comprises housing 3, be arranged at burner 6 and a plurality of fin straight tubes in the housing 3, be provided with water inlet 14 on the housing 3, delivery port 13 and exhaust opening 12, burner 6 is connected with air and gas inlet device, described burner 6 is positioned at housing 3 tops, be coaxially installed with one group by the fin straight tube bundle 4 of the tight circumference uniform distribution of a plurality of fin straight tubes around the burner 6, fin straight tube bundle 4 and a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes 8 two ends all are fixed between front apron 2 and the backboard 10, and the same jellyfish pipe 1 and rear jellyfish pipe 9 are welded and fixed.The arranged outside of the fin straight tube bundle 4 that is comprised of a plurality of fin straight tube close-packed arrays around the described burner 6 has outer deflector 5.Burner 6 belows are provided with the smoke discharging pipe 15 that is comprised of housing 3 and a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes 8, and smoke discharging pipe 15 is emptying by exhaust opening 12; The inboard that described burner 6 belows form the fin straight tube of smoke discharging pipe 15 is provided with interior deflector 7.
Described fin straight tube two ends are respectively front jellyfish pipe 1 and rear jellyfish pipe 9, are provided with dividing plate 18 in the rear jellyfish pipe 9, and dividing plate 18 is divided into inlet area and outlet area with rear jellyfish pipe 9.
At this moment, if the fin straight tube of described circumference uniform distribution is identical with the diameter of the fin straight tube that consists of smoke discharging pipe 15, so, the quantity of the fin straight tube of this inlet area equates with the quantity of the fin straight tube of outlet area.
If the fin straight tube of described circumference uniform distribution is not identical with the diameter of the fin straight tube that consists of smoke discharging pipe 15, then, the sectional area sum of the fin straight tube of described inlet area equates with the sectional area sum of the fin straight tube of outlet area.
In described smoke discharging pipe 15, be provided with one or more cuboid or columniform air preheater 11; Described air preheater 11 passes smoke discharging pipe 15 and is connected with air inlet device; Described exhaust opening 12 is the tubing type exhaust opening, and its upper end is exhaust opening 12, and its lower end is condensation-water drain 16, and the middle part is the air intlet 17 of air preheater 11.
As shown in Figure 5, Fig. 5 is the operation principle schematic diagram of forcing fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device in the one embodiment of the invention.Fundamental diagram can be recognized clearly thus, and fin straight tube bundle 4 is positioned at the top of a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes 8, and fin straight tube bundle 4 and a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tube 8 parallel.Described burner 6 is coaxially installed in the fin straight tube bundle 4, and burner 6 is connected with air and gas inlet device.Burner 6 belows are provided with the smoke discharging pipe 15 that is comprised of housing 3 and a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes 8.
The present invention adopts the secondary heat exchange mode, adopts the counter-flow arrangement heat exchange, and high-temperature flue gas passes through fin straight tube bundle 4, a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tube 8 from top to bottom; And water (flow) direction is just in time opposite, passes through first a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes 8, passes through fin straight tube bundle 4 again.Air preheater 11 is arranged in the smoke discharging pipe 15, can carry out heat exchange with flue gas, and raising enters the air themperature of burner hearth and further reduces simultaneously exhaust gas temperature thus.
In this embodiment, water inlet 14, front jellyfish pipe 1, fin straight tube, rear jellyfish pipe 9, delivery port 13, the loop of formation water heating process.
Current enter the fraction fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle 4 and the fin straight tube of described smoke discharging pipe 15 by the inlet area, jellyfish pipe 1 before arriving, then current enter the outlet area of rear jellyfish pipe 9 again by another part fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle 4.Dividing plate is set, and the part straight tube of " rationally using " circumference uniform distribution fin straight tube bundle just can adopt the fin straight tube of unified specification as water inlet pipe, reduces the parts kind.Certainly, also can not use the part water pipe of circumference uniform distribution fin straight tube bundle, but this moment may be to the diameter of the volume of whole equipment, fin straight tube, layout etc., the thermal efficiency etc. all have a negative impact.
As shown in Figure 6, Fig. 6 is that schematic diagram is looked on the operation principle right side with the pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of an air preheater in the one embodiment of the invention.In this embodiment, described smoke discharging pipe 15 is comprised of with a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes 8 the lower part of housing 3, is provided with the air preheater 11 of a rectangular shape in it; In this embodiment, the fin straight tube of inlet area includes the fraction fin straight tube that forms fin straight tube bundle 4 and all fin straight tubes that form described a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes 8; And the outlet area comprises most of fin straight tube of the remainder that forms fin straight tube bundle 4, at this moment, if the fin straight tube of described circumference uniform distribution is identical with the diameter of the fin straight tube that consists of smoke discharging pipe 15, the quantity of the fin straight tube of this inlet area equates with the quantity of the fin straight tube of outlet area.
Such as Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 be respectively A of the present invention to B to enlarged diagram.Known among Fig. 7, outer deflector 5 is installed on the periphery of fin straight tube bundle 4, and outer deflector 5 is welded on the described fin straight tube bundle 4.Outer deflector 5 is " V " type strip deflector with radian for the cross section, fits with the fin straight tube outside, and the flow-guiding mouth of the adjacent of compact arranged fin straight tube and outer deflector 5 staggers mutually.
By shown in Figure 8, the inboard that forms the fin straight tube of smoke discharging pipe 15 is provided with interior deflector 7, described interior deflector 7 is " V " type strip deflector with radian for the cross section, fits with the fin straight tube, and the flow-guiding mouth of the adjacent of compact arranged fin straight tube and interior deflector 7 staggers mutually.
Described outer deflector 5 and interior deflector 7 have all played the effect of water conservancy diversion guiding to flue gas.
Such as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10, the cross-sectional schematic of the pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device when Fig. 9, Figure 10 are all the another embodiment of the present invention burner and are positioned at the bottom.In this embodiment, burner 6 is positioned at housing 3 bottoms, be coaxially installed with one group by the fin straight tube bundle 4 of the tight circumference uniform distribution of a plurality of fin straight tubes around the burner 6, burner 6 tops are provided with the smoke discharging pipe 15 that is comprised of housing 3 and a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes 8, and smoke discharging pipe 15 is emptying by exhaust opening 12; Described fin straight tube two ends are respectively front jellyfish pipe 1 and rear jellyfish pipe 9, are provided with dividing plate 18 in the rear jellyfish pipe 9, and dividing plate 18 is divided into inlet area and outlet area with rear jellyfish pipe 9; Current enter the fraction fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle 4 and the fin straight tube of described smoke discharging pipe 15 by the inlet area, jellyfish pipe 1 before arriving, then current enter the outlet area of rear jellyfish pipe 9 again by another part fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle 4.
High-temperature flue gas then passes through fin straight tube bundle 4, a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tube 8 from the bottom to top, and air preheater 11 is arranged in the smoke discharging pipe 15, can carry out heat exchange with flue gas.
Such as Figure 11 and shown in Figure 12, Figure 11 is that the master that the present invention forms the intrafascicular fin straight tube after treatment of described fin straight tube looks schematic diagram, Figure 12 is that schematic diagram is looked on the left side that the present invention forms the intrafascicular fin straight tube after treatment of described fin straight tube, the present invention carries out bending or extrusion process with the adjacent fin of described compact arranged fin straight tube, so that fin is along the axial infolding at an angle of straight tube.And in this embodiment, the direction of this fin infolding and angle can according to the needs of fin straight tube circumferential arrangement, suitably be adjusted angle.Referring to Figure 11 and Figure 13, the fin of finned tube both sides is infolding at an angle, and formed two infolding faces can be parallel, also can present certain angle, is can be arranged in circumferential shapes or other shapes for the ease of a plurality of finned tubes at an angle.
Referring to Fig. 6, be arranged in the fin straight tube bundle 4 of tight circumference uniform distribution through the fin straight tube of processing.Certainly, according to the situation of concrete actual production, also can take cutting or the processing mode such as extruding, reduce the distance between the light pipe of adjacent fins straight tube.
Such as Figure 13 and shown in Figure 14, Figure 13 is that the master that the present invention forms in described a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tube fin straight tube after treatment looks schematic diagram, Figure 14 is that schematic diagram is looked on the left side that the present invention forms in described a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tube fin straight tube after treatment, the present invention carries out bending or extrusion process with the adjacent fin of described compact arranged fin straight tube, so that fin is along the axial infolding at an angle of straight tube, and in this embodiment, it is the right angle that this fin infolding and fin straight tube axis direction intersect angle, and namely the infolding direction of fin and fin straight tube axis direction are perpendicular.Referring to Fig. 6, be arranged in a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes 8 through the fin straight tube of processing, described a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes 8 are an in line shape.
As shown in figure 15, Figure 15 is with the right TV structure schematic diagram of the pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of two air preheaters among another embodiment of the present invention.In this embodiment, burner 6 is positioned at housing 3 tops, be coaxially installed with one group by the fin straight tube bundle 4 of the tight circumference uniform distribution of a plurality of fin straight tubes around the burner 6, burner 6 belows are provided with the smoke discharging pipe 15 that is comprised of housing 3 and a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes 8, and smoke discharging pipe 15 is emptying by exhaust opening 12; In described smoke discharging pipe 15, be provided with the air preheater 11 of two cuboids; Described air preheater 11 passes smoke discharging pipe 15 and is connected with air inlet device; Described fin straight tube two ends are respectively front jellyfish pipe 1 and rear jellyfish pipe 9, are provided with dividing plate 18 in the rear jellyfish pipe 9, and dividing plate 18 is divided into inlet area and outlet area with rear jellyfish pipe 9; Current enter the fraction fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle 4 and the fin straight tube of described smoke discharging pipe 15 by the inlet area, jellyfish pipe 1 before arriving, then current enter the outlet area of rear jellyfish pipe 9 again by another part fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle 4.
Figure 16 be the present invention also among embodiment with the right TV structure schematic diagram of the pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device of three air preheaters.In this embodiment, burner 6 is positioned at housing 3 tops, be coaxially installed with one group by the fin straight tube bundle 4 of the tight circumference uniform distribution of a plurality of fin straight tubes around the burner 6, burner 6 belows are provided with the smoke discharging pipe 15 that is comprised of housing 3 and a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes 8, and smoke discharging pipe 15 is emptying by exhaust opening 12; In described smoke discharging pipe 15, be provided with the air preheater 11 of three cuboids; Described air preheater 11 passes smoke discharging pipe 15 and is connected with air inlet device.
To sum up, how the present invention improves the heat-transfer area structure from research, increases heat exchange area to improve heat exchange efficiency.It adopts infolding fin straight tube as the primary element of forcing fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device, has strengthened the heat exchange of fume side, simultaneously whole heat exchanger volume is further reduced.
By the navigation designing of outer deflector 5 and interior deflector 7, so that the flow path of flue gas is close to finned tube, further strengthen heat exchange, obviously improve the shell-side fluid velocity flow profile, reduce " dead band " or " short circuit " phenomenon of smoke gas flow.And invention is combined in air preheater 11 in the heat exchanger dexterously, show by experiment, when winter outdoor air reach below-20 ℃, utilize fume afterheat to improve to enter the air themperature of burner hearth further to reduce simultaneously exhaust gas temperature, so that efficient reaches more than 98%.
Simultaneously, the present invention is easy to mass production to the key components and parts modularized design, reduces the production difficulty of heat exchanger, saves production cost.
It should be noted that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. force fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device for one kind, comprise housing (3), be arranged at burner (6) and a plurality of fin straight tubes in the housing (3), be provided with water inlet (14) on the housing (3), delivery port (13) and exhaust opening (12), burner (6) is connected with air and gas inlet device, it is characterized in that: burner (6) is positioned at housing (3) top, burner (6) is coaxially installed with one group on every side by the fin straight tube bundle (4) of the tight circumference uniform distribution of a plurality of fin straight tubes, burner (6) below is provided with the smoke discharging pipe (15) that is comprised of housing (3) and a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes (8), and smoke discharging pipe (15) is emptying by exhaust opening (12); Described fin straight tube two ends are respectively front jellyfish pipe (1) and rear jellyfish pipe (9), are provided with dividing plate (18) in the rear jellyfish pipe (9), and dividing plate (18) is divided into inlet area and outlet area with rear jellyfish pipe (9); Current enter a part of fin straight tube by the inlet area, jellyfish pipe (1) before arriving, and then current enter the outlet area of rear jellyfish pipe (9) again by another part fin straight tube.
2. pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with dividing plate (18) in the described rear jellyfish pipe (9), dividing plate (18) is divided into inlet area and outlet area with rear jellyfish pipe (9); Current enter the fraction fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle (4) and the fin straight tube of described smoke discharging pipe (15) by the inlet area, jellyfish pipe (1) before arriving, then current enter the outlet area of rear jellyfish pipe (9) again by another part fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle (4).
3. pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with dividing plate (18) in the described rear jellyfish pipe (9), dividing plate (18) is divided into inlet area and outlet area with rear jellyfish pipe (9); The fin straight tube of described circumference uniform distribution is identical with the diameter of the fin straight tube that consists of smoke discharging pipe (15), and the quantity of the fin straight tube of described inlet area equates with the quantity of the fin straight tube of outlet area; Perhaps the fin straight tube of described circumference uniform distribution is not identical with the diameter of the fin straight tube that consists of smoke discharging pipe (15), and the sectional area sum of the fin straight tube of described inlet area equates with the sectional area sum of the fin straight tube of outlet area.
4. the described pressure fin of arbitrary claim straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device in 3 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the adjacent fin of described compact arranged fin straight tube is carried out bending or extrusion process, finned tube both sides fin is infolding at an angle, and formed two the infolding faces of finned tube are parallel or present certain angle.
5. the described pressure fin of arbitrary claim straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device in 3 according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the arranged outside of the fin straight tube bundle (4) that described burner (6) is comprised of a plurality of fin straight tube close-packed arrays on every side has outer deflector (5).
6. pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described outer deflector (5) is " V " type strip deflector with radian for the cross section, fit with the fin straight tube outside, the flow-guiding mouth of the adjacent of compact arranged fin straight tube and outer deflector (5) staggers mutually.
7. the described pressure fin of arbitrary claim straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device in 3 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the inboard that described burner (6) below forms the fin straight tube of smoke discharging pipe (15) is provided with interior deflector (7), described interior deflector (7) is " V " type strip deflector with radian for the cross section, fit with the fin straight tube, the flow-guiding mouth of the adjacent of compact arranged fin straight tube and interior deflector (7) staggers mutually.
8. the described pressure fin of arbitrary claim straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device in 3 according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with air preheater (11) in the described smoke discharging pipe (15); Described air preheater (11) passes smoke discharging pipe (15) and is connected with air inlet device; Described exhaust opening (12) is tubing type exhaust opening (12), and its upper end is exhaust opening (12), and its lower end is condensation-water drain (16), and the middle part is the air intlet (17) of air preheater (11).
9. pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the air preheater (11) in the described smoke discharging pipe (15) is one or more cuboid or cylindrical air intake duct.
10. pressure fin straight tube condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: burner (6) is positioned at housing (3) bottom, burner (6) is coaxially installed with one group on every side by the fin straight tube bundle (4) of the tight circumference uniform distribution of a plurality of fin straight tubes, burner (6) top is provided with the smoke discharging pipe (15) that is comprised of housing (3) and a plurality of close-packed arrays fin straight tubes (8), and smoke discharging pipe (15) is emptying by exhaust opening (12); Described fin straight tube two ends are respectively front jellyfish pipe (1) and rear jellyfish pipe (9), are provided with dividing plate (18) in the rear jellyfish pipe (9), and dividing plate (18) is divided into inlet area and outlet area with rear jellyfish pipe (9); Current enter the fraction fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle (4) and the fin straight tube of described smoke discharging pipe (15) by the inlet area, jellyfish pipe (1) before arriving, then current enter the outlet area of rear jellyfish pipe (9) again by another part fin straight tube of described fin straight tube bundle (4).
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210353552.1A CN102901221B (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2012-09-21 | A kind of pressure fin straight pipe condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device |
| PCT/CN2013/083871 WO2014044203A1 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-21 | Forced finned straight pipe condensation heat-supplying heat exchanger |
| US14/356,533 US20150300687A1 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-21 | A Straight Fin Tube with Bended Fins Condensing Heat Exchanger |
| US15/787,060 US10288315B2 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2017-10-18 | Straight fin tube with bended fins condensing heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210353552.1A CN102901221B (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2012-09-21 | A kind of pressure fin straight pipe condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102901221A true CN102901221A (en) | 2013-01-30 |
| CN102901221B CN102901221B (en) | 2015-12-23 |
Family
ID=47573599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210353552.1A Active CN102901221B (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2012-09-21 | A kind of pressure fin straight pipe condensation Heat supply and heat exchange device |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20150300687A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102901221B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014044203A1 (en) |
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| WO2014044203A1 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-03-27 | 苏州成强换热器有限公司 | Forced finned straight pipe condensation heat-supplying heat exchanger |
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| CN110925729A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-03-27 | 浙江惠厨节能科技有限公司 | Gas steam engine heat exchanger combining fin plate structure and flat tube structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20150300687A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
| WO2014044203A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
| CN102901221B (en) | 2015-12-23 |
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Address after: Xing Pu Road Industrial Park in Suzhou city of Jiangsu Province, No. 128 building D 215000 Applicant after: SUZHOU C&Q ENERGY TECH Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215021, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu Province, only 9 new road, only ting industrial square A District No. 1 Applicant before: SUZHOU CQ HEAT EXCHANGER Co.,Ltd. |
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| IP01 | Partial invalidation of patent right |
Commission number: 4W112876 Conclusion of examination: Declare claims 1-3 and 5-8 of invention patent right 201210353552.1 invalid and remain valid on the basis of claim 4 Decision date of declaring invalidation: 20220302 Decision number of declaring invalidation: 54327 Denomination of invention: A Forced Finned Straight Tube Condensing Heat Exchanger Granted publication date: 20151223 Patentee: SUZHOU C&Q ENERGY TECH Co.,Ltd. |
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| IP01 | Partial invalidation of patent right |