CN102788995A - Coal mine working face detecting method with cutting vibration as seismic signal - Google Patents
Coal mine working face detecting method with cutting vibration as seismic signal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coal mine working face detecting method with cutting vibration as a seismic signal. The coal mine working face detecting method with the cutting vibration as the seismic signal comprises the following steps: (1) data acquisition, (2) data processing, and (3) data interpretation: by directly using a transmission coefficient, large tectonic faults, such as wrong coal seam faults and collapse columns which can block trough wave transmission, can be judged; according to an CT (computed tomography) image, collapse columns, old kiln laneway and the like which cannot block a trough wave but can cause change of the wave speed can be confined; and a tectonic interpretation diagram of a working face can be comprehensively drawn. After adoption of the method, the coal mining operation is not disturbed; a detector is installed on the side wall of a laneway, without any influence on normal operation of a coal mine; during data acquisition, the coal mining operation is not required to be interrupted; a seismic source is high in energy and free of noise; when a coal mining machine cuts a coal seam, a strong seismic wave is emitted and can also be accumulated through superposition within a certain time period; the energy is high because a strong noise is converted into a strong signal; and an obtained single shot record is very clear, almost without any noise.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ahead work face exploration engineering field under the coal mine, relating to a kind of is the coal mine working surface detecting method of seismic signal with the cutting vibrations.
Background technology
Detecting in real time of little anomalous structures such as the inner goaf of coal-face, minor fault, karst collapse col umn, for the generation of disaster prevention accident and economical rationality that the coal mining scheme is set is most important.The existence of little structure such as goaf and tomography; Destroyed coal bed continuity; Influence the stability of roadway country rock, and can form good conduit pipe (especially karst collapse col umn) or gas stores up the place, become the outstanding potential danger of coal seam roof and floor gushing water and gas.Along with the development of mine machinery coal mining, tomography, karst collapse col umn etc. have become a protrusion problem to the impairment of coal winning machinery, and the productive capacity of fully-mechanized mining working and benefit depend on real-time meticulous the detecting of little structure to a great extent.In the actual production, exploiting field, high-resolution colliery 3-d seismic exploration will find that with probing these little structures all compare difficulty.Slot wave exploration is the most effective one of detection method, has that detection range is big, precision is high, antijamming capability is strong, waveform character is easy to identification and end result advantage intuitively, especially detection accuracy and apart from be superior to method of exploration under other coal mine.But the slot wave method of exploration also has some limitation: need end coal mining activity during detection; Man-made explosion need be provided, under the high safety requirements in colliery, use explosive safety inadequately, use hammering energy that limitation is arranged again.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention solved provides a kind of: leave coal mining activity alone; Seismic source energy is high, noiselessness; Do not need explosive etc. possibly bring dangerous material; Can shaking of real-time detection be the coal mine working surface detecting method of seismic signal with cutting.
For solving above-mentioned technical matters, the technical scheme that the present invention takes:
A kind of is the coal mine working surface detecting method of seismic signal with the cutting vibrations, and its special character is: realize through following steps:
(1), data acquisition:
Return airway on the workplace both sides is arranged wave detector with fortune along the lane, and the return airway noise level is low and the installation wave detector is easy, so the track pitch of survey line is little, and the road number is many; The suitable lane of fortune noise is big and have travelling belt to stop, only a wave detector record reference signal is being installed near the place of face, and when machinery was started working, acquisition system is startup simultaneously also;
(2), data processing:
A, at first set up recording geometry, input coalcutter and wave detector coordinate carry out on-line monitoring and data acquisition;
B, utilize the seismic interference technology to be converted into coalcutter cutting vibrations the effective seismic signal that needs: when coalcutter near fortune along the lane on one side the time; The suitable lane of fortune is exactly a source signal near the wave detector record of face; Can be used as reference signal and return airway survey line record and carry out the processing of simple crosscorrelation seismic interference; Promptly ask the cross correlation function of reference signal and survey line record, obtain being transmitted to the transmitted wave of each road of return airway similar pulse big gun collection from coalcutter; Utilize the The Method of Deconvolution compact wavelet, improve temporal resolution;
C, imaging: along with coalcutter advances to the terminal line direction; Being equivalent to the sp location pushes ahead; Ray intersects covering in workplace, thereby can carry out two kinds of CT imagings, and a kind of is to carry out speed CT imaging according to arrival time difference; A kind of is according to the strong and weak slot wave transmission coefficient that calculates of transmission slot wave energy, carries out amplitude CT imaging;
(3), data interpretation: directly utilize transmission coefficient just can judge the structure that some are big, like bad break the structure of slot wave transmission capable of blocking such as tomography and karst collapse col umn in coal seam; Can draw a circle to approve some according to the CT image and can not block slot wave, but can cause karst collapse col umn that velocity of wave changes, old kiln tunnel etc., comprehensively draw workplace geologic structure interpretation figure.
Above-mentioned seismic interference is handled and is carried out simple crosscorrelation interference, deconvolution processing successively.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention:
1, leave coal mining activity alone, wave detector is installed on the sidewall in tunnel, and the normal operation in colliery is had no effect.Data acquisition need not ended coal mining activity, because this method will be converted into signal to noise exactly.
2, seismic source energy is high, noiselessness, and strong seismic event is sent in coal mine machinery cutting coal seam, can also accumulate through the stack of certain hour, and energy is very high, because strong noise is converted into strong signal, the single shot record that obtains is very clean, does not almost have noise.
3, do not need explosive etc. possibly bring dangerous material.
4, real-time detection, because need not end coal mining activity, focus can provide again in real time, signal can be handled in real time, finally makes real-time detection become possibility.
Description of drawings
The workplace transmission of the through seismic event of Fig. 1 coalcutter of the present invention;
The single big gun collection of the transmission that produces interfered in Fig. 2 coal-face record of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is elaborated.
The present invention realizes through following steps:
(1), data acquisition:
Return airway on the workplace both sides is arranged wave detector with fortune along the lane, and the return airway noise level is low and the installation wave detector is easy, so the track pitch of survey line is little, and the road number is many; The suitable lane of fortune noise is big and have travelling belt to stop, only a wave detector record reference signal is being installed near the place of face, and when machinery was started working, acquisition system is startup simultaneously also;
(2), data processing:
A, at first set up recording geometry, input coalcutter and wave detector coordinate carry out on-line monitoring and data acquisition;
B, utilize the seismic interference technology to be converted into coalcutter cutting vibrations the effective seismic signal that needs: when coalcutter near fortune along the lane on one side the time; The suitable lane of fortune is exactly a source signal near the wave detector record of face; Can be used as reference signal and return airway survey line record and carry out the processing of simple crosscorrelation seismic interference; Promptly ask the cross correlation function of reference signal and survey line record, obtain being transmitted to the transmitted wave of each road of return airway similar pulse big gun collection from coalcutter; Utilize the The Method of Deconvolution compact wavelet, improve temporal resolution;
C, imaging: along with coalcutter advances to the terminal line direction; Being equivalent to the sp location pushes ahead; Ray intersects covering in workplace, thereby can carry out two kinds of CT imagings, and a kind of is to carry out speed CT imaging according to arrival time difference; A kind of is according to the strong and weak slot wave transmission coefficient that calculates of transmission slot wave energy, carries out amplitude CT imaging;
(3), data interpretation: directly utilize transmission coefficient just can judge the structure that some are big, like bad break the structure of slot wave transmission capable of blocking such as tomography and karst collapse col umn in coal seam; Can draw a circle to approve some according to the CT image and can not block slot wave, but can cause karst collapse col umn that velocity of wave changes, old kiln tunnel etc., comprehensively draw workplace geologic structure interpretation figure.
Above-mentioned seismic interference is handled and is carried out simple crosscorrelation interference, deconvolution processing successively.
It is a kind of common method that vibroseis is handled swept-frequency signal that simple crosscorrelation is interfered disposal route, asks the cross correlation function of source signal and survey line record exactly, and can reach long frequency sweep wavelet compression is the effect of pulse wavelet.The coalcutter signal is a kind of continuous wave train of wideband, and is similar with swept-frequency signal, and utilizing simple crosscorrelation to interfere can boil down to pulse wavelet.Deconvolution is a kind of method that improves signal time resolution that is widely used in seismic prospecting, and disposal route is similar to Wiener filtering.
Embodiment 1:
1) in return airway and fortune along arranging wave detector (Fig. 1) on the sidewall in lane, on wave detector adopts custom-designed butt junction to be docked to the center, coal seam or appears near the anchor pole at center, tighten with nut on every side fixing, the general 11m of wave detector track pitch.
2) cloth such as wave detector, big line, instrument good after, when coalcutter begins to cut work, the startup register system, data in real time is transferred on the processor.
3) data are handled, at first set up recording geometry (Fig. 1), utilize the seismic interference technology to be converted into effective seismic signal to mechanicalness noise, data are done rough handling: auto adapted filtering, eliminate tunnel profile ripple; Seismic interference is handled, and continuous vibration signal is converted into pulse signal big gun collection; Bandpass filtering is isolated the slot wave of high s/n ratio; Automatic gain control; When reading.Then, survey,, adopt transmission coefficient one-tenth figure method to be carried out to picture, be carried out to picture with amplitude CT imaging method through the strong and weak slot wave transmission coefficient that calculates of slot wave energy for workplace.
4) data interpretation, according to the geologic anomaly data that imaging results combines roadway workface to disclose, geologic anomalies such as the tomography in the synthetic determination workplace, karst collapse col umn are drawn workplace geologic structure interpretation figure.
Application example:
Certain work face length 3000m, wide 300m, the average thick 7m of coal.Totally 30 of geophone stations, track pitch 11m.
Utilize simple crosscorrelation to interfere the data by 16 seconds to obtain a transmission single shot record, like Fig. 2, first arrival is perfectly clear.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is the coal mine working surface detecting method of seismic signal with the cutting vibrations, it is characterized in that: realize through following steps:
(1), data acquisition:
Return airway on the workplace both sides is arranged wave detector with fortune along the lane, and the return airway noise level is low and the installation wave detector is easy, so the track pitch of survey line is little, and the road number is many; The suitable lane of fortune noise is big and have travelling belt to stop, only a wave detector record reference signal is being installed near the place of face, and when machinery was started working, acquisition system is startup simultaneously also;
(2), data processing:
A, at first set up recording geometry, input coalcutter and wave detector coordinate carry out on-line monitoring and data acquisition;
B, utilize the seismic interference technology to be converted into coalcutter cutting vibrations the effective seismic signal that needs: when coalcutter near fortune along the lane on one side the time; The suitable lane of fortune is exactly a source signal near the wave detector record of face; Can be used as reference signal and return airway survey line record and carry out the processing of simple crosscorrelation seismic interference; Promptly ask the cross correlation function of reference signal and survey line record, obtain being transmitted to the transmitted wave of each road of return airway similar pulse big gun collection from coalcutter; Utilize the The Method of Deconvolution compact wavelet, improve temporal resolution;
C, imaging: along with coalcutter advances to the terminal line direction; Being equivalent to the sp location pushes ahead; Ray intersects covering in workplace, thereby can carry out two kinds of CT imagings, and a kind of is to carry out speed CT imaging according to arrival time difference; A kind of is according to the strong and weak slot wave transmission coefficient that calculates of transmission slot wave energy, carries out amplitude CT imaging;
(3), data interpretation: directly utilize transmission coefficient just can judge the structure that some are big, like bad break the structure of slot wave transmission capable of blocking such as tomography and karst collapse col umn in coal seam; Can draw a circle to approve some according to the CT image and can not block slot wave, but can cause karst collapse col umn that velocity of wave changes, old kiln tunnel etc., comprehensively draw workplace geologic structure interpretation figure.
2. according to claim 1 is the coal mine working surface detecting method of seismic signal with the cutting vibrations, it is characterized in that: described seismic interference is handled and is carried out simple crosscorrelation interference, deconvolution processing successively.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105005081A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-10-28 | 西安科技大学 | Dynamic tomography system and method for fully mechanized face near field coal rock under exploiting excitation of coal machine |
| CN105137475A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-09 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Belt conveyor-based coal mine working face real-time detection system and method |
| CN105427854A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-03-23 | 湖南科技大学 | Coal face active noise suppression control system |
| CN105765408A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-07-13 | 伊迈格创新技术学院 | Method and system for analysis of geological structure and relative changes in stress in the layers located above the workings of underground mine |
| CN106019374A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-10-12 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Reflective slot wave frequency dispersion similarity-based tomographic imaging method |
| CN107091089A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-08-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Automatic lifting of shearer device and method based on coal-winning machine focus forward probe |
| CN107132571A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-05 | 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of multi-source seismic interference method for tunnel geological forecast |
| CN108693561A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-10-23 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | The coal mining seismic acquisition system and method for array are segmented based on wave detector |
| CN109239770A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-18 | 中国矿业大学 | One kind is with CO2Big gun is the working face lateral wall seismic detection method of focus |
| CN111551989A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-18 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Transmission channel wave imaging method, equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN112433245A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-02 | 陕西彬长孟村矿业有限公司 | Coal mine fault structure prediction method |
| CN114384583A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-22 | 中国矿业大学 | Working face mining-following earthquake detection method based on seismic source of coal mining machine |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105765408A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-07-13 | 伊迈格创新技术学院 | Method and system for analysis of geological structure and relative changes in stress in the layers located above the workings of underground mine |
| CN105005081A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-10-28 | 西安科技大学 | Dynamic tomography system and method for fully mechanized face near field coal rock under exploiting excitation of coal machine |
| CN105137475A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-09 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Belt conveyor-based coal mine working face real-time detection system and method |
| CN105427854A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-03-23 | 湖南科技大学 | Coal face active noise suppression control system |
| CN106019374A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-10-12 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Reflective slot wave frequency dispersion similarity-based tomographic imaging method |
| CN107132571A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-05 | 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of multi-source seismic interference method for tunnel geological forecast |
| CN107091089A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-08-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Automatic lifting of shearer device and method based on coal-winning machine focus forward probe |
| CN107091089B (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2019-01-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Automatic lifting of shearer device and method based on coalcutter focus forward probe |
| CN108693561A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-10-23 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | The coal mining seismic acquisition system and method for array are segmented based on wave detector |
| CN109239770A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-18 | 中国矿业大学 | One kind is with CO2Big gun is the working face lateral wall seismic detection method of focus |
| CN111551989A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-18 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Transmission channel wave imaging method, equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN111551989B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-02-09 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Transmission channel wave imaging method, equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN112433245A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-02 | 陕西彬长孟村矿业有限公司 | Coal mine fault structure prediction method |
| CN112433245B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2024-03-22 | 陕西彬长孟村矿业有限公司 | Coal mine fault structure prediction and forecast method |
| CN114384583A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-22 | 中国矿业大学 | Working face mining-following earthquake detection method based on seismic source of coal mining machine |
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Application publication date: 20121121 |