CN102608831A - Adaptive polarization control system and control method for non-polarization-maintaining optical fiber amplifier - Google Patents
Adaptive polarization control system and control method for non-polarization-maintaining optical fiber amplifier Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an adaptive polarization control system and a control method for a non-polarization-maintaining optical fiber amplifier, which relate to adaptive polarization control technique for non-polarization-maintaining optical fiber amplifiers. The adaptive polarization control system for the non-polarization-maintaining optical fiber amplifier comprises a seed source, a polarization controller, a non-polarization-maintaining amplifier, a collimator, a beam splitter, a detector, an A-D (analog-digital) switching circuit, an SPGD (stochastic parallel gradient descent) algorithm controller and a driver for the polarization controller. The seed source sends out a linear-polarization laser beam which is subjected to non-polarization-maintaining amplification and then transmitted to the detector, the detector extracts polarization information of the outgoing beam, the polarization information is converted into electric signals through the A-D switching circuit and then transmitted to the SPGD algorithm controller, and the driver for the polarization controller controls the polarization controller to control the polarization state of the seed light according to driving signals of the SPGD algorithm controller so as to compensate system polarization noise. The process is repeated to achieve expected polarized light output, and the adaptive polarization control system and the control method are simple in principle, convenient in operation and reliable in performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the polarization adaptive control technology of non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier, particularly a kind of non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization adaptive control system and control method thereof.
Background technology
At aspects such as optical precision measurement, interferometry, optical communication, light sensing, optical nonlinearity frequency transformation, laser beam combination, biologic medical diagnosis; The polarized light that needs the high power High Extinction Ratio; Therefore, polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier that can the output line polarisation has obtained people's favor with its special advantages, and is big but high power is protected higher power device manufacture difficulty; The system cost of high power polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier is very expensive; But not the polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier is owing to self existing the interference of moving back inclined to one side effect and external environment, so can not the inclined to one side characteristic of retention wire export this its range of application of big limitations.Use the polarization adaptive control technology and realize that the High Extinction Ratio polarized light output of non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier has realistic meaning for reducing system cost with the range of application of expanding non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier; External staff has carried out correlative study to this technology; Do not announce important technology details such as control algolithm, the domestic report of also not seeing the polarization adaptive control that is directed to the non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier of high power.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, and is not enough to prior art, and a kind of non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization adaptive control system and control method thereof are provided, and reduces the system cost of fiber amplifier, expands the range of application of non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above; The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: a kind of non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization adaptive control system; The driver that comprises seed source, Polarization Controller, the inclined to one side amplifier of non-guarantor, collimating apparatus, beam splitter, detector, A-D change-over circuit, SPGD algorithmic controller, Polarization Controller; Seed source is connected with Polarization Controller through optical fiber, and the driver of Polarization Controller, the inclined to one side amplifier of non-guarantor, collimating apparatus, beam splitter, detector, A-D change-over circuit, SPGD algorithmic controller, Polarization Controller connects and composes the closed loop of polarization adaptive control system successively.
Non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization self-adaptation control method is: the inclined to one side laser beam of seed source emission outlet; The extreme light beam of line gets in the non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier and amplifies through behind the Polarization Controller, and outgoing is to detector after non-guarantor amplifies partially; Detector extracts the polarization information of irradiating light beam; Polarization information converts electrical signal transfer into through the A-D change-over circuit and gives the SPGD algorithmic controller, and the SPGD algorithmic controller produces drive signal according to feedback signal, and driver controls the bucking-out system polarization noise according to drive signal control Polarization Controller to the seed polarization state of light; Said process carries out repeatedly, reaches the purpose of the polarized light output that obtains expectation.
The concrete steps of this method are following:
1) the inclined to one side laser beam of seed source emission outlet, the extreme light beam of line gets in the non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier and amplifies through behind the Polarization Controller, and outgoing is to detector after non-guarantor amplifies partially, and detector extracts the polarization information of irradiating light beam;
2) polarization information converts electrical signal transfer into through the A-D change-over circuit and gives the SPGD algorithmic controller;
3) the SPGD algorithmic controller generates perturbation vector δ u at random
(k)={ δ u
1, δ u
2... δ u
n}
(k), δ u wherein
iSeparate, satisfying average is zero, variance equates and probability density is symmetrical about average;
4) successively with forward δ u
(k)And negative sense-δ u
(k)Disturbance be applied on the Polarization Controller, obtain the performance evaluation function amount δ J that disturbance causes through detector
(k)
5) according to performance evaluation function amount δ J
(k)Upgrade controlled variable u, carry out iteration k+1 time;
6) repeating step 3)～5), when system evaluation functions obtains peaked the time, finish.
Apparatus structure of the present invention is simple, and good stability is practical; Utilize SPGD (random paralleling gradient descent algorithm, Stochastic Parallel Gradient Descent, SPGD) algorithm controls Polarization Controller; Through the seed polarisation of light being controlled the compensation that realizes the polarization noise of whole non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier link, reach the purpose of the polarized light output that obtains expectation, be applicable to the Polarization Control field of any wavelength; Can realize the Polarization Control of the non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier of any power level, and principle is simple, easy to operate; Dependable performance does not have specific (special) requirements to experimental situation and instrument and equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier of an one embodiment of the invention polarization adaptive control system structured flowchart;
Fig. 2 is the inclined to one side amplifier architecture block diagram of the non-guarantor of one embodiment of the invention;
Wherein:
1: seed source; 2: Polarization Controller; 3: the inclined to one side amplifier of non-guarantor; 4: collimating apparatus; 5: beam splitter; 6: detector; The 7:A-D change-over circuit; The 8:SPGD algorithmic controller; 9: the driver of Polarization Controller; 10: pumping source; 11: bundling device; 12: the inclined to one side doped fiber of non-guarantor.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; The non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier of one embodiment of the invention polarization adaptive control system comprises the driver 9 of the inclined to one side amplifier of seed source 1, Polarization Controller 2, non-guarantor 3, collimating apparatus 4, beam splitter 5, detector 6, A-D change-over circuit 7, SPGD algorithmic controller 8, Polarization Controller; The inclined to one side amplifier of seed source 1, Polarization Controller 2, non-guarantor 3, collimating apparatus 4, beam splitter 5, detector 6 connect through optical fiber successively; The driver 9 of detector 6, A-D change-over circuit 7, SPGD algorithmic controller 8, Polarization Controller connects successively, and the driver 9 of Polarization Controller is connected with Polarization Controller 2.
The inclined to one side amplifier of non-guarantor comprises pumping source 10, bundling device 11, and pumping source 10 is connected 11 through optical fiber with bundling device, and the signal port of bundling device 10 is connected with Polarization Controller 2, and the output port of bundling device 10 is connected with collimating apparatus 4 through the inclined to one side doped fiber 12 of non-guarantor.
The SPGD algorithmic controller is the core control section of total system, and it receives the evaluation function information that feeds back through the A-D change-over circuit, and according to the algorithm output voltage, the control Polarization Controller produces corresponding polarization compensation.The nucleus module of SPGD algorithmic controller is FPGA and dsp chip, mainly carries out evaluation function calculation procedure and primary control program.
Polarization Controller has the ability that the polarization state of input is converted into random polarization state output, is convenient to carry out closed-loop adaptation control.
The driver of Polarization Controller mainly comprises D/A change-over circuit and two parts of voltage amplifier circuit; Wherein the D/A change-over circuit converts the digital controlled signal of SPGD algorithmic controller into analog control signal, and voltage amplifier circuit is used to drive Polarization Controller with the control signal amplification and implements Polarization Control.
The driver of Polarization Controller, the inclined to one side amplifier of non-guarantor, collimating apparatus, beam splitter, detector, A-D change-over circuit, SPGD algorithmic controller, Polarization Controller connects and composes the closed loop of polarization adaptive control successively.
Detector can be the extinction ratio tester, also can be the polarization analysis appearance, or the combination of polarization device such as polarizing beam splitter mirror, wave plate, the polarizer and photodetector, possesses the ability that extracts the irradiating light beam polarization information.
The A-D change-over circuit can be converted into digital signal transfers with simulating signal and give SPGD algorithm controls circuit, generates control signal.
Seed source is the laser instrument that can export the polarized light of High Extinction Ratio.
Collimating apparatus can be with the laser beam collimation output of from optical fiber, exporting.
The driver of seed source, Polarization Controller, collimating apparatus, beam splitter, detector, A-D change-over circuit, Polarization Controller all can directly be bought on market.
Non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization self-adaptation control method is: the inclined to one side laser beam of seed source emission outlet; The extreme light beam of line gets in the non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier and amplifies through behind the Polarization Controller, and outgoing is to detector after non-guarantor amplifies partially; Detector extracts the polarization information of irradiating light beam; Polarization information converts electrical signal transfer into through the A-D change-over circuit and gives the SPGD algorithmic controller, and the SPGD algorithmic controller produces drive signal according to feedback signal, and driver controls the bucking-out system polarization noise according to drive signal control Polarization Controller to the seed polarization state of light; Said process carries out repeatedly, reaches the purpose of the polarized light output that obtains expectation.
Specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) the inclined to one side laser beam of seed source emission outlet, the extreme light beam of line gets in the non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier and amplifies through behind the Polarization Controller, and outgoing is to detector after non-guarantor amplifies partially, and detector extracts the polarization information of irradiating light beam;
2) polarization information converts electrical signal transfer into through the A-D change-over circuit and gives the SPGD algorithmic controller;
3) the SPGD algorithmic controller generates perturbation vector δ u at random
(k)={ δ u
1, δ u
2... δ u
n}
(k), δ u wherein
iSeparate, satisfying average is zero, variance equates and probability density is symmetrical about average;
4) successively with forward δ u
(k)And negative sense-δ u
(k)Disturbance be applied on the Polarization Controller, obtain the performance evaluation function amount δ J that disturbance causes through detector
(k):
Wherein:
With
Represent respectively and on Polarization Controller, apply forward disturbance δ u
(k)And negative sense-δ u
(k)The time system the performance evaluation functional value;
5) according to performance evaluation function amount δ J
(k)Upgrade controlled variable u, carry out iteration k+1 time, wherein the renewal of controlled variable is undertaken by following formula:
u
(k+1)＝u
(k)+γδu
(k)δJ
(k)
Wherein, γ is a step gain;
6) repeating step 3)～5), when system evaluation functions obtains peaked the time, finish.
System evaluation functions is the light intensity J or the extinction ratio ER of expectation polarization direction; The expression formula of the light intensity J of expectation polarization direction is:
J＝∫∫
sI(x，y)dxdy；
Wherein: (x y) represents the light intensity of a certain point in space on the integration plane to I.
The expression formula of extinction ratio ER is:
Wherein: Ix and Iy are respectively with the light intensity of the polarized light on Table X and the Y both direction.
Choosing of random perturbation vector δ u and performance evaluation function J will produce material impact to the SPGD algorithm; Common random perturbation is distributed with Bernoulli Jacob's distribution, discrete evenly distribution, evenly distribution and normal distribution, when δ u obedience Bernoulli Jacob distributes, has the fastest speed of convergence.
Centre wavelength is the line polarisation that the seed source laser output extinction ratio of the single-frequency continuous laser of 1064nm reaches 25dB; The line polarisation passes in the non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier through Polarization Controller; Seed light is amplified to 10.2W through non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier, and the laser of 10.2W is exported via collimating apparatus.Under system was in open loop situations, various disturbances caused the polarization of non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier unstable, and the extinction ratio of output beam is very low, and the average extinction ratio that experiment records output beam is merely 2.28dB; After system transfers the closed loop state to by open loop situations; The SPGD algorithm is according to control flow; The driving Polarization Controller is controlled the seed light polarization state and is compensated the polarization unstability that various disturbances cause; The controlled variable of polarization adaptive control system specifically is provided with as follows: gain coefficient r=4, disturbance voltage δ u=2, performance evaluation function get the light intensity maximum of expectation polarization direction.When the polarization adaptive control system reached steady-working state, the average extinction ratio of output beam was brought up to 11.54dB, has improved 9.26dB, this means that the light intensity of the polarized light of desired orientation accounts for more than 93.4% of total light intensity.
In sum, the polarization self-adaptation control method of present embodiment can be separated effectively and protect polarization problem of unstable in the inclined to one side amplifier by no means, can improve extinction ratio to a large extent; Compare with the polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier; The polarization adaptive control system of this non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier can effectively reduce system cost; Be applicable to continuous laser and pulse laser, and not limited by wavelength, can be widely used in fiber amplifier output light polarization is had the field of specific (special) requirements.
Claims (10)
1. non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization adaptive control system; The driver that comprises seed source, Polarization Controller, the inclined to one side amplifier of non-guarantor, collimating apparatus, beam splitter, detector, A-D change-over circuit, SPGD algorithmic controller, Polarization Controller; It is characterized in that; Seed source is connected with Polarization Controller through optical fiber, and the driver of Polarization Controller, the inclined to one side amplifier of non-guarantor, collimating apparatus, beam splitter, detector, A-D change-over circuit, SPGD algorithmic controller, Polarization Controller connects and composes the closed loop of polarization adaptive control system successively.
2. non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization adaptive control system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The inclined to one side amplifier of said non-guarantor comprises pumping source, bundling device; Pumping source is connected with bundling device through optical fiber, and the signal port of bundling device is connected with Polarization Controller, and the output port of bundling device is connected with collimating apparatus through the inclined to one side doped fiber of non-guarantor.
3. non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization adaptive control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that said detector is the extinction ratio tester, or the polarization analysis appearance, or the combination of polarizing beam splitter mirror, wave plate, the polarizer and photodetector.
4. non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization self-adaptation control method; It is characterized in that this method is: the inclined to one side laser beam of seed source emission outlet, the extreme light beam of line is through behind the Polarization Controller; Get in the non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier and amplify; Outgoing is to detector after non-guarantor amplifies partially, and detector extracts the polarization information of irradiating light beam, and polarization information converts electrical signal transfer into through the A-D change-over circuit and gives the SPGD algorithmic controller; The SPGD algorithmic controller produces drive signal according to feedback signal; Driver controls the bucking-out system polarization noise according to drive signal control Polarization Controller to the seed polarization state of light, and said process carries out repeatedly, reaches the purpose of the polarized light output that obtains expectation.
5. non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization self-adaptation control method according to claim 4 is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
1) the inclined to one side laser beam of seed source emission outlet, the extreme light beam of line gets in the non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier and amplifies through behind the Polarization Controller, and outgoing is to detector after non-guarantor amplifies partially, and detector extracts the polarization information of irradiating light beam;
2) polarization information converts electrical signal transfer into through the A-D change-over circuit and gives the SPGD algorithmic controller;
3) the SPGD algorithmic controller generates perturbation vector δ u at random
(k)={ δ u
1, δ u
2... δ u
n}
(k), δ u wherein
iSeparate, satisfying average is zero, variance equates and probability density is symmetrical about average;
4) successively with forward δ u
(k)And negative sense-δ u
(k)Disturbance be applied on the Polarization Controller, obtain the performance evaluation function amount δ J that disturbance causes through detector
(k)
5) according to performance evaluation function amount δ J
(k)Upgrade controlled variable u, carry out iteration k+1 time;
6) repeating step 3)～5), when system evaluation functions obtains peaked the time, finish.
6. non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization self-adaptation control method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the said step 4), and performance evaluation function amount δ J
(k)Expression formula be:
Wherein:
With
Represent respectively and on Polarization Controller, apply forward disturbance δ u
(k)And negative sense-δ u
(k)The time system the performance evaluation functional value.
7. non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization self-adaptation control method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the said step 5), controlled variable u upgrades and undertaken by following formula:
u
(k+1)＝u
(k)+γδu
(k)δJ
(k)
Wherein: γ is a step gain.
8. non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization self-adaptation control method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the said step 6), system evaluation functions is the light intensity J or the extinction ratio ER of expectation polarization direction.
9. non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization self-adaptation control method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the expression formula of the light intensity J of expectation polarization direction is:
J＝∫∫
sI(x，y)dxdy，
Wherein: (x y) represents the light intensity of a certain point in space on the integration plane to I.
10. non-polarization maintaining optical fibre amplifier polarization self-adaptation control method according to claim 6 is characterized in that the expression formula of extinction ratio ER is:
Wherein: Ix and Iy are respectively with the light intensity of the polarized light on Table X and the Y both direction.
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| CN103001106A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-03-27 | 广东汉唐量子光电科技有限公司 | High power optical fiber laser amplifier capable of achieving stable control of polarization precompensation |
| CN103199415A (en) * | 2013-03-09 | 2013-07-10 | 广东汉唐量子光电科技有限公司 | Stably-controlled super-continuum spectrum pohotonic crystal fiber laser |
| CN104180832A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2014-12-03 | 无锡万润光子技术有限公司 | Distributed orthogonal vector disturbance sensing system based on four-core optical fiber |
| CN107689541A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-13 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Defocusing compensation type high-power narrow-linewidth linearly polarized optical fiber laser generation system |
| CN108196244A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-06-22 | 北京理工大学 | Fiber array phased array deflection emission system based on SPGD algorithms |
| CN111324034A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-23 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Echo speckle based closed loop feedback system evaluation method and device and optical equipment |
| CN112015213A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-01 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Multi-beam phase control method and device based on distributed SPGD algorithm |
| CN113542939A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-22 | 苏州大学 | Multi-cycle upgrading scheduling method based on ultra-low loss optical fiber |
| CN115799967A (en) * | 2023-01-13 | 2023-03-14 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | High-stability output mode adjustable femtosecond laser system and method |
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| CN103001106A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-03-27 | 广东汉唐量子光电科技有限公司 | High power optical fiber laser amplifier capable of achieving stable control of polarization precompensation |
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| CN108196244B (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2021-06-08 | 北京理工大学 | Optical fiber array phased array deflection transmitting system based on SPGD algorithm |
| CN108196244A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-06-22 | 北京理工大学 | Fiber array phased array deflection emission system based on SPGD algorithms |
| CN111324034A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-23 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Echo speckle based closed loop feedback system evaluation method and device and optical equipment |
| CN112015213A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-01 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Multi-beam phase control method and device based on distributed SPGD algorithm |
| CN112015213B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2021-05-04 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Multi-beam phase control method and device based on distributed SPGD algorithm |
| CN113542939A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-22 | 苏州大学 | Multi-cycle upgrading scheduling method based on ultra-low loss optical fiber |
| CN115799967A (en) * | 2023-01-13 | 2023-03-14 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | High-stability output mode adjustable femtosecond laser system and method |
| CN115799967B (en) * | 2023-01-13 | 2023-06-13 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | High-stability output mode adjustable femtosecond laser system and method |
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Application publication date: 20120725 |