CN102538941B - Device and method for conventional balance to measure natural frequency of cantilever supported model in wind tunnel - Google Patents
Device and method for conventional balance to measure natural frequency of cantilever supported model in wind tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102538941B CN102538941B CN201210002588.5A CN201210002588A CN102538941B CN 102538941 B CN102538941 B CN 102538941B CN 201210002588 A CN201210002588 A CN 201210002588A CN 102538941 B CN102538941 B CN 102538941B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a measuring device for natural frequency of a wind tunnel model and a method utilizing the device to measure, and particularly discloses a device and a method for a conventional balance to measure the natural frequency of a cantilever supported model in the wind tunnel, which aim to solve the problems of the prior art that the operation is complicated, the efficiency is low, the measurement is incorrect and the cost is high. When the cantilever supported model in the wind tunnel is excited by a certain vibration, a damped vibration is produced, at the same time the corresponding component of the balance can sense the vibration signal, the data collecting system and the data collecting software continuously collect the output signals of the conventional balance, and the signal processing software analyzes and processes the component signals of the balance, so as to calculate the natural frequencies of the model and the supporting system. The device and the method sufficiently utilize the wind tunnel conventional testing equipment to calculate the natural frequency of the cantilever supported model, have the characteristics that the operation is convenient, the running is reliable, the efficiency is high, and the value measurement is correct and reliable, and can be applied to all the conventional wind tunnels.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method that the present invention relates to wind tunnel model natural frequency measurement, device and utilize this device to measure, particularly relates to a kind of device that conventional balance measures the natural frequency of cantilever supported model in wind tunnel and method of utilizing this device to measure utilized.
Background technology
Wind-tunnel is the cradle of the various aerospace flight vehicles of development, and various dummy vehicles mostly adopt cantilever support mode to carry out dynamometry and other test in wind tunnel test, but adopt the model of cantilever support in wind tunnel test, easily to produce vibration, test figure is brought and disturbed and impact.In order to overcome interference, to get rid of impact, need to measure the natural frequency of model under cantilever support state.At present, the method of domestic wind-tunnel measurements cantilever supported model natural frequency, normally adopt special Vibration-Measuring System to measure, conventional Vibration-Measuring System is mainly made up of acceleration transducer, power hammer, high-speed data acquistion system and signal processing analysis software etc.When test, first degree of will speed up sensor is fixed in model cavity or surface by test request, then firmly hammer knocks model, make it produce vibration, in high-speed data acquistion system collection model cavity or the signal of surface acceleration sensor, signal processing analysis software, by model cavity or the analyzing and processing of surface acceleration sensor signal, is obtained the natural frequency of model.
The major defect of existing wind-tunnel natural frequency measuring technology is:
Need the special vibrating of acquisition price costliness to measure and analytical equipment; The installation difficulty of acceleration transducer.Acceleration transducer takes two kinds of methods to install conventionally, one is to install in model cavity, another kind is to be fixed on model surface, in model cavity, install, need to reserve the space of sensor at installing space and the cable conductor cabling of model inside, the difficulty that this can increase model and pole design, sometimes also can cannot realize sensor and install in model cavity because of all Multiple Constraints of model or pole; When acceleration transducer is fixed on model surface, its cable can be impeded model affects model free vibration, profile that also can damage model surface; Use cost is high.Due to handling acceleration transducer, connect the special Vibration-Measuring System of debugging and all can increase much work, so waste time and energy and to take the wind-tunnel time long, made the testing cost rising of a model natural frequency; Test result influence factor is many.The method or changed the mass distribution of model, or just have cable to impede model, these 2 all can cause that a small amount of change occurs model natural frequency, therefore can reduce the precision that natural frequency is measured.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve complex operation in prior art, efficiency low, measure problem inaccurate and that cost is high, a kind of device and method that utilizes conventional balance measurement cantilever supported model in wind tunnel natural frequency is provided, this device and method makes full use of wind-tunnel conventional test testing of equipment and goes out the natural frequency of cantilever supported model, have do not need to increase purchase and install specialized equipment and easy and simple to handle, reliable, efficiency is high, the measured value feature such as accurately and reliably, conventional wind-tunnel all can use.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the device of conventional balance measurement cantilever supported model in wind tunnel natural frequency, comprise joint, pole, conventional balance, balance outgoing cable, model, signal conditioner, wind tunnel data acquisition system, data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter, rubber hammer, data continuous acquisition software, discrete data spectrum analysis software and cable, wherein pole is connected on joint, conventional balance is arranged on pole, wind tunnel model and conventional balance are equipped, balance outgoing cable one end connects conventional balance, one end is connected with signal conditioner, signal conditioner is transported to wind tunnel data acquisition system for the treatment of the signal of conventional balance and by cable by signal, data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter is connected with wind tunnel data acquisition system by cable for monitoring management wind tunnel data acquisition system, data continuous acquisition software is arranged on data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter for realizing the simulating signal of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition, discrete data spectrum analysis software be arranged on data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter for to continuous acquisition to balance signal data carry out spectrum analysis calculating and obtain the spectrum curve of signal, rubber hammer is positioned at modal position for knocking all directions of model.
Utilize said apparatus to measure the method for cantilever supported model in wind tunnel natural frequency, comprise the following steps:
A, model and conventional balance routinely testing requirements are arranged in wind-tunnel, and the filtering that is connected to the signal conditioner of conventional balance is set to not filtering output or is Broadband emission;
B, model are placed in the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle and are the state of zero degree, the data continuous acquisition software on log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter, and the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition, gathers after finishing and saves as static balance data;
C, model are placed in the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle and are the state of zero degree, data continuous acquisition software on log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter again, the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition, after startup, knock model above-head position with rubber hammer and make it to produce extensional vibration, after vibration damping, stop gathering, save as and longitudinally knock balance data;
D, model are placed in the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle and are the state of zero degree, data continuous acquisition software on log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter again, the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition, after startup, knock model left side of head position with rubber hammer and make it to produce transverse vibration, after vibration damping, stop gathering, save as and laterally knock balance data;
E, model are placed in the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle and are the state of zero degree, data continuous acquisition software on log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter again, the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition, after startup, knock model port wing upper center position with rubber hammer and make it to produce roll oscillation, after vibration damping, stop gathering, save as rolling and knock balance data;
F, startup discrete data spectrum analysis software carry out spectrum analysis to the data of above-mentioned four continuous acquisition, result saves as respectively static balance spectrum results, longitudinally knocks balance Mz unit spectrum results, laterally knocks balance My unit spectrum results, balance Mx unit spectrum results is knocked in rolling, and wherein static balance spectrum results comprises static balance Mz unit spectrum results, static balance My unit spectrum results, static balance Mx unit spectrum results;
G, comparative analysis: obtaining the residual quantity of longitudinally knocking balance Mz unit's spectrum results and static balance Mz unit spectrum results, is the natural frequency of model extensional vibration; Obtaining the residual quantity of laterally knocking balance My unit's spectrum results and static balance My unit spectrum results, is the natural frequency of model transverse vibration; Obtaining rolling and knock the residual quantity of balance Mx unit's spectrum results and static balance Mx unit spectrum results, is the natural frequency of model rolling direction vibration.
In technique scheme, in described step b, the time T of the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition is got 3～6 exciting damped cycles, and continuous acquisition time T is got 100 seconds.
In technique scheme, in described step c, the time of the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition is 100 seconds, and starting continuous acquisition after 3 seconds～10 seconds, knock model above-head position with rubber hammer and make it to produce extensional vibration, knock twice, be about for 15 seconds interval time, after collection finishes, save as and longitudinally knock balance data.
In technique scheme, in described steps d, the time of the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition is 100 seconds, and starting continuous acquisition after 3 seconds～10 seconds, knock model left side of head position with rubber hammer and make it to produce transverse vibration, knock twice, be about for 15 seconds interval time, after collection finishes, save as and laterally knock balance data.
In technique scheme, in described step e, the time of the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition is 100 seconds, and starting continuous acquisition after 3 seconds～10 seconds, knock model port wing upper center position with rubber hammer and make it to produce roll oscillation, knock twice, be about for 15 seconds interval time, after collection finishes, save as rolling and knock balance data.
In technique scheme, in described step g, obtain the residual quantity of knocking balance spectrum results and static balance spectrum results, its method is that two spectrum curves subtract each other in same frequency position amplitude, if it is more than 3 times that the maximum residual quantity of amplitude is average residual quantity, the corresponding frequency of maximum residual quantity of amplitude is the natural frequency of this direction vibration of model.
In technique scheme, the simulating signal of the conventional balance of described data continuous acquisition software continuous acquisition, its sampling rate is 300～1000Hz.
Can find out from every technical characterictic of the invention described above, its advantage is:
Do not need expensive special vibration-testing and analytical equipment, the conventional day gentle collecting device that only needs conventional dynamometer check to use;
When test, need to, at the inner or outside acceleration transducer of installing of model, not save the process that acceleration transducer is installed;
The mass distribution that the method does not change model does not have cable to impede model yet, and during with wind tunnel test, state consistency is better, so test result is more precisely reliable;
Compared with classic method, to test simple and efficiently, time saving and energy saving, efficiency obviously improves;
Method of testing of the present invention is the natural frequency that makes full use of wind-tunnel conventional test testing of equipment and go out cantilever supported model, have easy and simple to handle, reliable, efficiency is high, the measured value feature such as accurately and reliably, conventional wind-tunnel all can use.
brief description of the drawings
fig. 1 is measurement mechanism of the present invention and principle schematic thereof;
Wherein Reference numeral 1 is that joint 2 is that pole 3 is conventional balances
The 4th, balance outgoing cable 5 is that model 6 is signal conditioners
The 7th, wind tunnel data acquisition system 8 is data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuters
The 9th, rubber hammer 10 is data continuous acquisition software
The 11st, discrete data spectrum analysis software 12 is cables.
Embodiment
below by specific embodiment, also the present invention is described further by reference to the accompanying drawings:
As shown in Figure 1, the device of conventional balance measurement cantilever supported model in wind tunnel natural frequency of the present invention, comprise joint, pole, conventional balance, balance outgoing cable, model, signal conditioner, wind tunnel data acquisition system, data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter, rubber hammer, data continuous acquisition software, discrete data spectrum analysis software and cable, wherein pole is connected on joint, conventional balance is arranged on pole, wind tunnel model and conventional balance are equipped, balance outgoing cable one end connects conventional balance, one end is connected with signal conditioner, signal conditioner is transported to wind tunnel data acquisition system for the treatment of the signal of conventional balance and by cable by signal, data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter is connected with wind tunnel data acquisition system by cable for monitoring management wind tunnel data acquisition system, data continuous acquisition software is arranged on data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter for realizing the simulating signal of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition, off-line data spectrum analysis software be arranged on data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter for to continuous acquisition to balance signal data carry out spectrum analysis calculating and obtain the spectrum curve of signal, rubber hammer is positioned at the top of model for knocking all directions of model.
The principle that the present invention measures is: as Fig. 1, after the model of cantilever support in wind-tunnel is subject to certain vibrational excitation, can produce a damped vibration, the respective component of balance can be experienced this vibration signal simultaneously, data acquisition system (DAS) is the output signal of the conventional balance of data continuous acquisition software continuous acquisition, signal processing analysis software carries out analyzing and processing to the each component signal of balance, obtains the natural frequency of model and support system thereof.In the present invention, what conventional balance was arranged on model inside while referring to the conventional dynamometer check of wind-tunnel can measure the sensor device that is carried in the force and moment on model, generally there are six components, respectively the Y of lift unit, the Mz of pitching moment unit, the X of resistance unit, the Mx of rolling moment unit, the Z of side force unit, the My of yawing unit, described signal conditioner is conventional signal filtering amplifier, when conventional dynamometer check, balance signal need to be carried out to filter amplifying processing setting, and while measuring in the present invention the natural frequency of cantilever supported model, only balance signal is amplified, do not do filtering processing, wind tunnel data acquisition system, while referring to wind tunnel test, gather Flow Field in Wind Tunnel parameter sensors signal, the A/D converting system of conventional balance signal and model attitude angle transducer signal, data continuous acquisition running software, on data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter, can be realized the data acquisition of sampling rate from 300Hz～1000Hz, discrete data spectrum analysis software can carry out spectrum analysis calculating to the balance data that collect, and obtains the spectrum curve of signal.
While utilizing said apparatus to measure, its process is:
Pole is arranged on joint, conventional balance is arranged on to pole upper, conventional balance outgoing cable is connected on signal conditioner, model is arranged on conventional balance;
Adjustment model attitude, makes the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle be equal to zero degree;
The filtering that setting is connected to the signal conditioner of conventional balance is set to not filtering output or is Broadband emission;
Model transfixion, the data continuous acquisition software on log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter first, the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition 100 seconds, saves as static balance data after collection finishes;
Data continuous acquisition software on log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter for the second time, the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition 100 seconds, but when starting continuous acquisition after 3～10 seconds, knock model above-head position twice with rubber hammer, twice approximately 15 seconds interval time, after collection finishes, save as and longitudinally knock balance data;
Data continuous acquisition software on log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter for the third time, the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition 100 seconds, but when starting continuous acquisition after 3～10 seconds, knock model left side of head with rubber hammer, knock twice, twice approximately 15 seconds interval time, after collection finishes, save as and laterally knock balance data;
Data continuous acquisition software on the 4th log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter, the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition 100 seconds, but when starting continuous acquisition after 3～10 seconds, knock model port wing upper center with rubber hammer, knock twice, twice approximately 15 seconds interval time, after collection finishes, save as rolling and knock balance data;
Start discrete data spectrum analysis software the data of above-mentioned 4 continuous acquisition are carried out to spectrum analysis, result saves as respectively static balance spectrum results, longitudinally knocks balance Mz unit spectrum results, laterally knocks balance My unit spectrum results, balance Mx unit spectrum results is knocked in rolling;
Comparative analysis, obtains the residual quantity of longitudinally knocking balance Mz unit's spectrum results and static balance Mz unit spectrum results, is model Natural Frequency of Longitudinal Vibration;
Comparative analysis, obtains the residual quantity of laterally knocking balance My unit's spectrum results and static balance My unit spectrum results, is model natural frequencies;
Comparative analysis, obtains rolling and knocks the residual quantity of balance Mx unit spectrum results and the first spectrum results of static balance Mx, is model rolling direction vibration natural frequency.
Disclosed all features in this instructions, except mutually exclusive feature, all can combine by any way.
Disclosed arbitrary feature in this instructions (comprising any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing), unless narration especially all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object.,, unless narration especially, each feature is an example in a series of equivalences or similar characteristics.
Claims (7)
1. the measuring method of the device of conventional balance measurement cantilever supported model in wind tunnel natural frequency, it is characterized in that comprising joint, pole, conventional balance, balance outgoing cable, model, signal conditioner, wind tunnel data acquisition system, data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter, rubber hammer, data continuous acquisition software, discrete data spectrum analysis software and cable, wherein pole is connected on joint, conventional balance is arranged on pole, wind tunnel model and conventional balance are equipped, balance outgoing cable one end connects conventional balance, one end is connected with signal conditioner, signal conditioner is for nursing one's health the signal of conventional balance and by cable, signal being transported to wind tunnel data acquisition system, data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter is connected with wind tunnel data acquisition system by cable for monitoring management wind tunnel data acquisition system, data continuous acquisition software is arranged on data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter for realizing the simulating signal of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition, discrete data spectrum analysis software be arranged on data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter for to continuous acquisition to balance signal data carry out spectrum analysis calculating and draw the spectrum curve of signal, rubber hammer is positioned at modal position for knocking all directions of model, described method comprises the following steps:
A, model and conventional balance routinely testing requirements are arranged in wind-tunnel, and the filtering that is connected to the signal conditioner of conventional balance is set to not filtering output or is Broadband emission;
B, model are placed in the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle and are the state of zero degree, the data continuous acquisition software on log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter, and the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition, gathers after finishing and saves as static balance data;
C, model are placed in the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle and are the state of zero degree, data continuous acquisition software on log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter again, the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition, after startup, knock model above-head position with rubber hammer and make it to produce extensional vibration, after vibration damping, stop gathering, save as and longitudinally knock balance data;
D, model are placed in the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle and are the state of zero degree, data continuous acquisition software on log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter again, the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition, after startup, knock model left side of head position with rubber hammer and make it to produce transverse vibration, after vibration damping, stop gathering, save as and laterally knock balance data;
E, model are placed in the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle and are the state of zero degree, data continuous acquisition software on log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter again, the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition, after startup, knock model port wing upper center position with rubber hammer and make it to produce roll oscillation, after vibration damping, stop gathering, save as rolling and knock balance data;
F, startup discrete data spectrum analysis software carry out spectrum analysis to the data of above-mentioned four continuous acquisition, result saves as respectively static balance spectrum results, longitudinally knocks balance Mz unit spectrum results, laterally knocks balance My unit spectrum results, balance Mx unit spectrum results is knocked in rolling, and wherein static balance spectrum results comprises static balance Mz unit spectrum results, static balance My unit spectrum results, static balance Mx unit spectrum results;
G, comparative analysis: obtaining the residual quantity of longitudinally knocking balance Mz unit's spectrum results and static balance Mz unit spectrum results, is the natural frequency of model extensional vibration; Obtaining the residual quantity of laterally knocking balance My unit's spectrum results and static balance My unit spectrum results, is the natural frequency of model transverse vibration; Obtaining rolling and knock the residual quantity of balance Mx unit's spectrum results and static balance Mx unit spectrum results, is the natural frequency of model rolling direction vibration.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that in described step b, and the time T of the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition is got 3～6 exciting damped cycles, and continuous acquisition time T is got 100 seconds.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that in described step c, the time of the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition is 100 seconds, and starting continuous acquisition after 3～10 seconds, knock model above-head position with rubber hammer and make it to produce extensional vibration, knock twice, be 15 seconds interval time, after collection finishes, saves as and longitudinally knock balance data.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that in described steps d, the time of the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition is 100 seconds, and starting continuous acquisition after 3～10 seconds, knock model left side of head position with rubber hammer and make it to produce transverse vibration, knock twice, be 15 seconds interval time, after collection finishes, saves as and laterally knock balance data.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that in described step e, the time of the conventional balance output signal of continuous acquisition is 100 seconds, and starting continuous acquisition after 3～10 seconds, knock model port wing upper center position with rubber hammer and make it to produce roll oscillation, knock twice, be 15 seconds interval time, saves as rolling and knock balance data after collection finishes.
6. the method described in one of them according to claim 2-5, it is characterized in that in described step g, obtain the residual quantity of knocking balance spectrum results and static balance spectrum results, its method is that two spectrum curves subtract each other in same frequency position amplitude, if it is more than 3 times that the maximum residual quantity of amplitude is average residual quantity, the corresponding frequency of maximum residual quantity of amplitude is the natural frequency of this direction vibration.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that the simulating signal of the conventional balance of described data continuous acquisition software continuous acquisition, and its sampling rate is 300～1000Hz.
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| CN103048111A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-17 | 中国航空工业空气动力研究院 | Ventral strut |
| CN103940577B (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2016-08-24 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of appraisal procedure of wind tunnel test balance based on acceleration signal energy |
| CN106126915B (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-03-22 | 中国人民解放军63820部队吸气式高超声速技术研究中心 | Prediction method for vibration signal stable value of wind tunnel balance |
| CN107192442B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2019-09-17 | 中核核电运行管理有限公司 | A kind of non-contact electric eddy sensor structure mode testing method |
| CN108362463B (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2020-04-10 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Supersonic wind tunnel external hanging part test device |
| CN108303230B (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2023-05-23 | 广州大学 | Test system for bidirectional vibration wind tunnel test of wind energy collector |
| CN108760230B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2023-08-22 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Device and method for installing wind tunnel test model |
| CN110132527B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-11-20 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Balance signal-based model vibration monitoring method in wind tunnel test |
| CN116952524B (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-12-05 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | High-speed wind tunnel dynamic derivative test monitoring method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| DE19549339C1 (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1996-10-24 | Europ Transonic Windtunnel | Model carrier for wind tunnel models |
| CN101793873B (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2013-01-02 | 王宏伟 | Testing method of characteristics of sound vibration and point vibration of piano sound board and special equipment thereof |
| CN101968399B (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-12-21 | 西南交通大学 | Wind tunnel testing system for vehicle and bridge models |
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