CN102288051B - Vertical double-tube plate shell-and-tube heat exchanger for evaporating liquid with minimum constant boiling component - Google Patents
Vertical double-tube plate shell-and-tube heat exchanger for evaporating liquid with minimum constant boiling component Download PDFInfo
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- CN102288051B CN102288051B CN 201110162995 CN201110162995A CN102288051B CN 102288051 B CN102288051 B CN 102288051B CN 201110162995 CN201110162995 CN 201110162995 CN 201110162995 A CN201110162995 A CN 201110162995A CN 102288051 B CN102288051 B CN 102288051B
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Abstract
The invention provides a vertical double-tube plate shell-and-tube heat exchanger for evaporating liquid with a minimum constant boiling component. The vertical double-tube plate shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a shell, heat exchange tubes, an upper tube plate, a first lower tube plate, a second lower tube plate, a feed tube of which the lower part is provided with a feed notch, a bubbling tube, a light phase liquid inlet and a heavy phase liquid inlet; the upper tube plate is fixed on the upper part of the shell; the first lower tube plate is fixed on the lower part of the shell; the second lower tube plate is fixed below the first lower tube plate; both ends of each heat exchange tube are inserted into tube holes of the upper tube plate and the first lower tube plate respectively; the upper end of the feed tube is inserted into the heat exchange tubes on the lower part of the first lower tube plate, and the lower end of the feed tube is fixed on the second lower tube plate; and the bubbling tube is arranged in the feed tube, the lower end of the bubbling tube is inserted into the tube hole of the second lower tube plate, and the upper end of the bubbling tube is extended out of the feed tube. The vertical double-tube plate shell-and-tube heat exchanger can ensure that a gas phase is evaporated at the temperature when the liquid has the minimum constant boiling component, ensure a relatively small heat exchanger area of the heat exchanger to meet the heat exchange requirement of a process and is particularly suitable for a condition that two kinds of liquid with the minimum constant boiling component are easily layered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
Background technology
In chemical industry and petrochemical industry, the application of heat exchanger very extensively, in recent years along with energy-saving and cost-reducing deep day by day, it is more and more wider to utilize heat exchanger to carry out the recovery process application of high temperature, low temperature heat energy.At present, maximum heat transmission equipment or the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of consumption.Mainly be because shell-and-tube heat exchanger; Self have that equipment is simple and direct, process technology is ripe, advantage of wide range of application; In addition because in the heat-transfer behavior of oil refining and chemical plant installations; The polytropy and the complexity of cold and hot logistics operation process conditions and physical property for guaranteeing the production safety of equipment, still can be selected shell-and-tube heat exchanger.But how the further optimal design of shell-and-tube heat exchanger, better application is in the energy recovery process units---particularly reclaim the heat of more low potential temperatures, just become the focus of research.For example: utilize vacuum column overhead condensation heat to heat or the logistics technology of vaporizing.Because vacuumizing itself is in order to reduce temperature of charge, and the material that is vaporized requires to reach than higher temperature the purpose of vaporization, this just causes the less actual conditions of heat transfer temperature difference.
Liquid phase fluid is generally the material that dissolves each other and forms in the general shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and more special situation is two kinds of liquid for easy layering, and technical have a higher requirement.
With azeotropic vaporization in the styrene technology is that example describes; In styrene technology; Liquid phase feed ethylbenzene and water can use in the centrifugal station thick column overhead gas phase ethylbenzene condensation liberated heat to vaporize; Can save the used steam of heating raw on the one hand, can save the needed cooling water of thick column overhead gas phase ethylbenzene condensation on the other hand, energy-saving effect is obvious.The difficult point of technology is that the temperature of the azeotropic vaporization of ethylbenzene and water is about 90 ℃ under the operating pressure condition, and about 101 ℃ of thick column overhead gas phase ethylbenzene temperature, temperature difference of heat exchanger is about 11 ℃; And ethylbenzene and the easy layering of the water capacity, form if depart from minimum azeotropic, because the boiling point of ethylbenzene is 129 ℃; Water boiling point is 96 ℃; Then evaporate ethylbenzene difficulty more, even can not realize that this type of heat transfer problem that how to solve shell-and-tube heat exchanger becomes difficult point.
US4628136 describes the method for implementing ethylbenzene and water azeotropic vaporization in the styrene device and realizes the energy-conservation of styrene device, but do not describe the technical measures of implementing azeotropic in the CN86108265 patent.
Chinese invention patent Shen Qing Publication specification 200710047195.5 has disclosed a kind of azeotropic vaporization method, and its basic procedure is identical with CN86108265.
The version of the heat exchanger of a kind of ethylbenzene/styrene columns top energy recovery is disclosed among the one Chinese patent application prospectus CN200910056821.6. and the distributor of Shui ethylbenzene is set respectively through heat exchanger tube import department in lower tube box; Obtain uniform water the distribution of ethylbenzene, thereby obtain the azeotropic vaporization of water and ethylbenzene.
One Chinese patent application prospectus CN200910055179.X has proposed a kind of heat exchanger of porous feed of immiscible liquid; In the hope of solving the mixed problem of azeotropic vaporization; But in fact this scheme can't be implemented; Reason is being connected of sealing fully that mechanically can't realize heat exchanger tube and lower perforated plate, thereby causes the leakage of fluid between pipe side and the shell-side; Same CN200910053207.4 has proposed one three tubular sheet heat exchanger, and in the hope of solving the mixed problem of azeotropic vaporization, still in fact this scheme can't be implemented, and reason is mechanically, can't realize being connected of sealing fully of heat exchanger tube and sagging plate.
The aspect content
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of evaporation and have the vertical double tubesheet shell-and-tube heat exchanger that minimum azeotropic is formed liquid, to overcome the defective that prior art exists.
Described evaporation has the vertical double tubesheet shell-and-tube heat exchanger that minimum azeotropic is formed liquid, comprises that housing, heat exchanger tube, upper perforated plate, first lower perforated plate, second lower perforated plate, bottom are provided with the feed pipe of charging notch, bubbling pipe, light phase liquid-inlet and heavy phase liquid-inlet;
Described upper perforated plate is fixed on the top of housing, and described first lower perforated plate is fixed on lower part of frame, and described second lower perforated plate is fixed in the housing of below of first lower perforated plate;
The two ends of described heat exchanger tube are inserted in respectively in the pore of the upper perforated plate and first lower perforated plate; The upper end of described feed pipe is inserted in the heat exchanger tube of the second lower perforated plate bottom; The lower end is fixed on first lower perforated plate; Described bubbling pipe is arranged in the feed pipe, and its lower end is inserted in the pore of second lower perforated plate, and the upper end extends upward to feed pipe.
Use heat exchanger of the present invention; Can make two kinds of liquid that the area that contacts is fully arranged in heat exchanger tube through the disturbance of gas; The assurance gas phase is evaporated under the temperature with minimum azeotropic composition; And the raising through flow velocity increases convective heat-transfer coefficient, guarantees that the less relatively heat exchange area of heat exchanger promptly can satisfy the heat exchange requirement of technology.
Heat exchanger of the present invention is specially adapted to two kinds of situation with easy layering of liquid of minimum azeotropic composition.Be issued to purpose of energy saving on the technology in the less situation of heat exchange area, improve productivity effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is vertical double tubesheet shell-and-tube heat exchanger structural representation.
Fig. 2 is second lower perforated plate and feed pipe structural representation.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; Described evaporation has the vertical double tubesheet shell-and-tube heat exchanger that minimum azeotropic is formed liquid; It is characterized in that, comprise that housing 1, heat exchanger tube 22, upper perforated plate 2, first lower perforated plate 3, second lower perforated plate 4, bottom are provided with feed pipe 5, bubbling pipe 6, light phase liquid-inlet 71 and the heavy phase liquid-inlet 72 of charging notch 501;
Described upper perforated plate 2 is fixed on the top of housing 1, and described first lower perforated plate 3 is fixed on the bottom of housing 1, and described second lower perforated plate 4 is fixed in the housing of below of first lower perforated plate 3;
The two ends of described heat exchanger tube 22 are inserted in respectively in the pore of the upper perforated plate 2 and first lower perforated plate 3; The upper end of described feed pipe 5 is inserted in the heat exchanger tube 22 of first lower perforated plate, 3 bottoms; The lower end is fixed on second lower perforated plate 4; Described bubbling pipe 6 is arranged in the feed pipe 5, and its lower end is inserted in the pore of second lower perforated plate 4, and the upper end extends upward to feed pipe 5.
Preferably; Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; Described vertical double tubesheet shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises that housing 1, heat exchanger tube 22, upper perforated plate 2, first lower perforated plate 3, second lower perforated plate 4, bottom are provided with feed pipe 5, bubbling pipe 6, light phase liquid-inlet 71, heavy phase liquid-inlet 72, light phase condensate outlet 8, heating steam import 9, gaseous phase outlet 10, disturbance gas access 11, leakage fluid dram 12 and the exhaust outlet 13 of charging notch 501;
Described upper perforated plate 2 is fixed on the top of housing 1; Described first lower perforated plate 3 is fixed on the bottom of housing 1; Described second lower perforated plate 4 is fixed in the housing of below of first lower perforated plate 3; Be to be lower tube box 102 between the top, the end of upper tube box 101, the second lower perforated plates 4 and housing 1 between the top of upper perforated plate 2 and housing 1;
The two ends of described heat exchanger tube 22 are inserted in respectively in the pore of the upper perforated plate 2 and first lower perforated plate 3; The upper end of described feed pipe 5 is inserted in the heat exchanger tube 22 of first lower perforated plate, 3 bottoms, and the lower end is fixed on second lower perforated plate 4, is ring-like runner 20 between feed pipe 5 and the heat exchanger tube 22; Described bubbling pipe 6 is arranged in the feed pipe 5; Its lower end is inserted in the pore of second lower perforated plate 4, and the upper end extends upward to feed pipe 5, is feeding-passage 30 between feed pipe 5 and the bubbling pipe 6;
Described light phase liquid-inlet 71 is arranged on the housing of first lower perforated plate, 3 belows, and described heavy phase liquid-inlet 72 is arranged on the housing of light phase liquid-inlet 71 belows,
Described disturbance gas access 11 is arranged on the housing 1 of second lower perforated plate, 4 belows;
Described heating steam import 9 is arranged on the lower tube box 102;
Described gaseous phase outlet 10 is arranged on the top of upper tube box 101;
Described condensate outlet 8 is arranged on the bottom of upper tube box 101;
Described leakage fluid dram 12 is arranged on the top of first lower perforated plate 3;
Preferably, the width h of ring-like runner 20: the width h1=1 of feeding-passage 30: 0.5～2;
Preferably, the quantity of first liquid-inlet 71 and second liquid-inlet 72 is respectively 2～4, evenly distributes along housing 1 circumference;
Further, referring to Fig. 1, the present invention also comprises deflection plate 11, and said deflection plate 11 is arranged between the heat exchanger tube 2;
Further, referring to Fig. 1, the present invention also comprises level meters mouth 13, and described level meters mouth 13 is arranged between first lower perforated plate 3 and second lower perforated plate 4, is used for the installation interface meter;
Vertical double tubesheet shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention can be used for evaporation and has minimum azeotropic and form mixtures of liquids, with ethylbenzene be example, concrete process-stream flow process is following:
Ethylbenzene and water from heavy phase liquid-inlet 72 and light condensate outlet 8 mutually, get between first lower perforated plate 3 and second lower perforated plate 4 respectively, the layering between two tube sheets of ethylbenzene and water, and the upper strata is an ethylbenzene, lower floor is a water;
Upper strata ethylbenzene gets in the heat exchanger tube through the ring-like runner between feed pipe 5 and the heat exchanger tube 2 20, and water flows into feed pipe 5 through the charging notch 501 of feed pipe bottom, and gets in the heat exchanger tube 2 along feed pipe 5, mixes with ethylbenzene;
For making ethylbenzene and water not stratified and the area that contacts is fully arranged, inject a spot of water vapour or incoagulable gas in this position through bubbling pipe 6 through disturbance gas access 11, the heat of bringing into through water vapour and the perturbation action of gas at initial mixing point; Make ethylbenzene and water begin vaporization; And increase gradually along the heat exchanger tube vaporization rate, arriving bobbin carriage 101 at last, the promoting the circulation of qi liquid of going forward side by side separates; Gas is discharged through gaseous phase outlet 10, and liquid phase flows out through liquid phase outlet 8.
Get into the ethylbenzene steam of heat exchanger shell-sides from heating steam import 9, after the heating of pipe side material, self condensation,
Liquid phase is discharged through liquid phase outlet 12, and gas phase is discharged through gaseous phase outlet 13.
Basic principle of the present invention is such:
With evaporation ethylbenzene and water in the styrene device is that example describes.At first heat transfer temperature difference to be guaranteed, the vaporization under minimum azeotropic is formed of ethylbenzene and water should be made, for immiscible two kinds of liquid; The area that contacts is fully arranged; So select to get into the ethylbenzene of heat exchanger and the pipe side that water gets into heat exchanger, total flow is distributed in each heat exchanger tube, the big volume problem of mixing of total flow becomes the problem that mixes of the medium and small volume flow of heat exchanger tube; Mix difficulty mutually with two and reduce similar vertical heat exchanger of pattern such as thermosyphon reboiler.But general vertical heat exchanger such as thermosyphon reboiler are in the starting stage that gets into heat exchanger tube, owing to there is the certain liquid level height; Produce certain static pressure; Make the liquid that gets into reaction tube not vaporize at once, cause the flow velocity of this section liquid lower, convective heat-transfer coefficient is less; Take the bigger a part of heat exchange area of heat exchanger, thereby increase the equipment investment of heat exchanger.And,, reduce the area that contacts in the easy layering of low flow phase importantly for ethylbenzene and the immiscible situation of water, cause azeotropic vaporization to realize.
The present invention promptly feeds a spot of water vapour or incoagulable gas in the starting stage that ethylbenzene mixes with water.Feed water vapour, make ethylbenzene and water reach azeotropic temperature on the one hand, begin vaporization, improve the flow velocity of starting stage, increase convective heat-transfer coefficient in the incipient stage.On the other hand,, increase the area that contacts, help azeotropic vaporization through the disturbance of bubble.Feed incoagulable gas except that can increasing the area that contacts, can also reduce the dividing potential drop of process-stream, reduce the azeotropic vaporization temperature, improve heat transfer temperature difference, reduce cost of equipment.
Claims (7)
1. evaporation has the vertical double tubesheet shell-and-tube heat exchanger that minimum azeotropic is formed liquid; It is characterized in that, comprise that housing (1), heat exchanger tube (22), upper perforated plate (2), first lower perforated plate (3), second lower perforated plate (4), bottom are provided with the feed pipe (5) of charging notch (501), bubbling pipe (6), light phase liquid-inlet (71) and heavy phase liquid-inlet (72);
Described upper perforated plate (2) is fixed on the top of housing (1), and described first lower perforated plate (3) is fixed on the bottom of housing (1), and described second lower perforated plate (4) is fixed in the housing of below of first lower perforated plate (3);
The two ends of described heat exchanger tube (22) are inserted in respectively in the pore of upper perforated plate (2) and first lower perforated plate (3); The upper end of described feed pipe (5) is inserted in the heat exchanger tube (22) of first lower perforated plate (3) bottom; The lower end is fixed on second lower perforated plate (4); Described bubbling pipe (6) is arranged in the feed pipe (5), and its lower end is inserted in the pore of second lower perforated plate (4), and the upper end extends upward to feed pipe (5).
2. evaporation has the vertical double tubesheet shell-and-tube heat exchanger that minimum azeotropic is formed liquid; It is characterized in that, comprise that housing (1), heat exchanger tube (22), upper perforated plate (2), first lower perforated plate (3), second lower perforated plate (4), bottom are provided with the feed pipe (5) of charging notch (501), bubbling pipe (6), light phase liquid-inlet (71), heavy phase liquid-inlet (72), light phase condensate outlet (8), heating steam import (9), gaseous phase outlet (10), disturbance gas access (11), leakage fluid dram (12) and exhaust outlet (13);
Described upper perforated plate (2) is fixed on the top of housing (1); Described first lower perforated plate (3) is fixed on the bottom of housing (1); Described second lower perforated plate (4) is fixed in the housing of below of first lower perforated plate (3); Being upper tube box (101) between the top of upper perforated plate (2) and housing (1), is lower tube box (102) between the top, the end of second lower perforated plate (4) and housing (1);
The two ends of described heat exchanger tube (22) are inserted in respectively in the pore of upper perforated plate (2) and first lower perforated plate (3); The upper end of described feed pipe (5) is inserted in the heat exchanger tube (22) of first lower perforated plate (3) bottom; The lower end is fixed on second lower perforated plate (4); Be ring-like runner (20) between feed pipe (5) and the heat exchanger tube (22), described bubbling pipe (6) is arranged in the feed pipe (5), and its lower end is inserted in the pore of second lower perforated plate (4); The upper end extends upward to feed pipe (5), is feeding-passage (30) between feed pipe (5) and the bubbling pipe (6);
Described light phase liquid-inlet (71) is arranged on the housing of first lower perforated plate (3) below, and described heavy phase liquid-inlet (72) is arranged on the housing of light phase liquid-inlet (71) below,
Described disturbance gas access (11) is arranged on the housing (1) of second lower perforated plate (4) below;
Described heating steam import (9) is arranged on the lower tube box (102);
Described gaseous phase outlet (10) is arranged on the top of upper tube box (101);
Described condensate outlet (8) is arranged on the bottom of upper tube box (101);
Described leakage fluid dram (12) is arranged on the top of first lower perforated plate (3);
Exhaust outlet (13) is arranged on the below of upper perforated plate (2).
3. evaporation according to claim 2 has the vertical double tubesheet shell-and-tube heat exchanger that minimum azeotropic is formed liquid, it is characterized in that the width h of ring-like runner (20): the width h1=1 of feeding-passage (30): 0.5～2.
4. evaporation according to claim 2 has the vertical double tubesheet shell-and-tube heat exchanger that minimum azeotropic is formed liquid; It is characterized in that; The quantity of light phase liquid-inlet (71) and heavy phase liquid-inlet (72) is respectively 2～4, evenly distributes along housing (1) circumference.
5. evaporation according to claim 3 has the vertical double tubesheet shell-and-tube heat exchanger that minimum azeotropic is formed liquid; It is characterized in that; The quantity of light phase liquid-inlet (71) and heavy phase liquid-inlet (72) is respectively 2～4, evenly distributes along housing (1) circumference.
6. each described evaporation has the vertical double tubesheet shell-and-tube heat exchanger that minimum azeotropic is formed liquid according to claim 1～5, it is characterized in that also comprise deflection plate (11), said deflection plate (11) is arranged between the heat exchanger tube (22).
7. evaporation according to claim 6 has the vertical double tubesheet shell-and-tube heat exchanger that minimum azeotropic is formed liquid; It is characterized in that; Also comprise level meters mouth (13), described level meters mouth (13) is arranged between first lower perforated plate (3) and second lower perforated plate (4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110162995 CN102288051B (en) | 2011-06-16 | 2011-06-16 | Vertical double-tube plate shell-and-tube heat exchanger for evaporating liquid with minimum constant boiling component |
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| CN 201110162995 CN102288051B (en) | 2011-06-16 | 2011-06-16 | Vertical double-tube plate shell-and-tube heat exchanger for evaporating liquid with minimum constant boiling component |
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| CN102288051B true CN102288051B (en) | 2012-12-19 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104236350A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-12-24 | 德艾柯工程技术（上海）有限公司 | Vertical type evaporator |
| CN113941163B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2023-04-07 | 常州瑞华化工工程技术股份有限公司 | Low-pressure drop type ethylbenzene evaporator and energy-saving process for ethylbenzene vaporization in styrene dehydrogenation reaction system |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1124841A (en) * | 1994-12-14 | 1996-06-19 | 中国纺织大学 | Separated phase transition heat apparatus and technique for recovering low-temp. waste heat using azeotrope as medium |
| US5853549A (en) * | 1995-03-14 | 1998-12-29 | Sephton; Hugo H. | Desalination of seawater by evaporation in a multi-stack array of vertical tube bundles, with waste heat. |
| CN101696859A (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2010-04-21 | 沈阳东方钛业有限公司 | Heat exchanger for distillation |
| CN101922866A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2010-12-22 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Heat exchanger used for immiscible liquids evaporation |
-
2011
- 2011-06-16 CN CN 201110162995 patent/CN102288051B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1124841A (en) * | 1994-12-14 | 1996-06-19 | 中国纺织大学 | Separated phase transition heat apparatus and technique for recovering low-temp. waste heat using azeotrope as medium |
| US5853549A (en) * | 1995-03-14 | 1998-12-29 | Sephton; Hugo H. | Desalination of seawater by evaporation in a multi-stack array of vertical tube bundles, with waste heat. |
| CN101922866A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2010-12-22 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Heat exchanger used for immiscible liquids evaporation |
| CN101696859A (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2010-04-21 | 沈阳东方钛业有限公司 | Heat exchanger for distillation |
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Address after: 201102 602, room 41, Lane 1458, long Ming Road, Minhang District, Shanghai. Co-patentee after: CHANGZHOU RUIHUA CHEMICAL ENG & TECH Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Xu Zhigang Address before: 201102 602, room 41, Lane 1458, long Ming Road, Minhang District, Shanghai. Co-patentee before: CHANGZHOU RUIHUA CHEMICAL ENG&TECH CO.,LTD. Patentee before: Xu Zhigang |
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Effective date of registration: 20180419 Address after: 213000 room 398-1, No. 1718 middle Tongjiang Road, Xinbei District, Jiangsu, Changzhou Patentee after: CHANGZHOU RUIHUA CHEMICAL ENG & TECH Co.,Ltd. Address before: 201102 602, room 41, Lane 1458, long Ming Road, Minhang District, Shanghai. Co-patentee before: CHANGZHOU RUIHUA CHEMICAL ENG & TECH Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Xu Zhigang |