CN102255482B - Single-phase inverter for eliminating ripples wave at direct current input end and solar photovoltaic generating system - Google Patents
Single-phase inverter for eliminating ripples wave at direct current input end and solar photovoltaic generating system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a single-phase inverter for eliminating ripple waves at a direct current input end. The single-phase inverter is connected between a direct current input end and an alternated current output end and comprises a direct current detection circuit, an alternated current detection circuit, a direct current-direct current conversion circuit, a direct current-alternated current conversion circuit, an electric conversion control circuit and a ripple wave eliminating unit, wherein the ripple wave eliminating unit is used for eliminating the ripple waves at the direct current input end according to an input direct current electric signal and an output alternated current electric signal; the ripple wave eliminating unit comprises a ripple wave controller, an energy storage unit and an energy storage controller; the ripple wave controller is used for controlling a working mode of the ripple wave eliminating unit according to the input direct current electric signal and the output alternated current electric signal; the energy storage unit is used for storing or releasing the energy at the direct current input end; and the energy storage controller is used for controlling the switching on and off of the energy storage unit. The invention also provides a solar photovoltaic generating system. In the single-phase inverter provided by the invention, under the condition of utilizing the ripple wave eliminating unit to detect a ripple wave power and control the working mode of a conversion circuit, a voltage on a capacitor changes following an energy waveform and can be controlled to be equal to the ripple wave power, thereby realizing charging and discharging and eliminating the ripple waves at the direct current input end.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power switch technology field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of single-phase inverter and solar photovoltaic generation system of eliminating direct current input terminal ripple.
Background technology
A lot of regenerative resources produce direct current, for example photovoltaic and chemical cell.Direct current is converted to the sinusoidal ac of fixed frequency by inverter, be transferred to electrical network or use from net.
The inverter of solar photovoltaic generation system trends towards adopting distributed Miniature inverter (little inverter) recently.Miniature inverter provides the maximum power point control to each direct current photovoltaic module, thereby makes each direct current photovoltaic module produce maximum energy, improves the performance of whole solar photovoltaic generation system.In addition, Miniature inverter can also produce AC low-tension output, rather than the output of the High Level DC Voltage of center type inverter system, has improved Security of the system and operating efficiency.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a single-phase inverter of the prior art.As shown in the figure, this single-phase inverter 100 is connected between solar panels 101 and electrical network 102, and it can comprise dc detection circuit 103, DC-to-DC change-over circuit 104, dc-ac conversion circuit 105, AC detection circuit 106 and electric power conversion control circuit 107.Wherein, dc detection circuit 103 is connected with solar panels 101, for detection of the dc signal (comprising at least input voltage and electric current) of input; AC detection circuit 106 is connected with electrical network 102, for detection of the ac signal (comprising at least output voltage and electric current) of output; DC-to-DC change-over circuit 104 is connected with dc detection circuit 103, is used for dc signal is boosted and voltage stabilizing; Dc-ac conversion circuit 105 is connected with AC detection circuit 106 with DC-to-DC change-over circuit 104 respectively, is used for converting direct-current power into alternating-current power; And electric power conversion control circuit 107 is connected with dc detection circuit 103, AC detection circuit 106, DC-to-DC change-over circuit 104 and dc-ac conversion circuit 105 respectively, by reference current control switch (not shown), inverter 100 is produced and the synchronous output AC electricity of the alternating voltage of electrical network 102 according to input voltage and electric current and output voltage and electric current.
A fundamental characteristics of single-phase inverter is: the Energy Transfer between power supply and load comprises the ripple of average energy and double frequency.Inverter wishes to obtain from DC power supply the direct current that there is no ripple, then average energy and ripple energy is passed to output loading, and will ask like this has energy storage units to process ripple energy in inverter.In the structural representation of the single-phase inverter of as shown in Figure 1 prior art, inverter 100 produces and the power output of AC network 102 energy homophases, shakes between the zero-sum maximum output so export energy.When the power output of inverter 100 was zero, the electric current of photovoltaic module did not flow through inverter 100, so give storage capacitance (not shown) charging; When the power output of inverter 100 was peak value, the storage capacitance discharge replenished the power of photovoltaic module, makes peak value reach the twice of mean value.So the discharging and recharging of storage capacitance formed additional alternating component on the direct current that photovoltaic module provides, and is called ripple power.
Be the ripple power of management double frequency, energy demand is by frequency storage and release in twice.For avoiding energy exchange to cause large voltage ripple, need to use large capacitor C.Fig. 2 is the simple circuit structure schematic diagram of a single-phase back exciting converter of the prior art.As shown in the figure, the direct-flow input end of this single-phase back exciting converter 200 is provided with large capacitor C, reduces stored energy and discharges the ripple voltage that produces.The single-phase back exciting converter 200 here instead swashs as example take single channel, but two-way or multichannel ground interleaving inverse excitation are also similar situations.
Usually inverter adopts big capacity electrolyte capacitor at the direct current main line as the Passive filter device, but electrochemical capacitor has Multiple Failure Modes, and particularly ripple current causes the inner self-heating of electric capacity, reduces the life-span.The active filtering circuit is widely studied to substitute passive method, provides another ripple by the energy conversion circuit that separates, and this ripple balances out bifrequency ripple power, but the method needs complicated circuit and control method.
So needs can be eliminated the ripple power of DC side input in single-phase inverter simply.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of single-phase inverter and solar photovoltaic generation system of eliminating direct current input terminal ripple, can eliminate simply the ripple power of single-phase inverter DC side input.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of single-phase inverter of eliminating direct current input terminal ripple, be connected in the direct current input and exchange between output, comprising:
Dc detection circuit is connected with described direct current input, for detection of the dc signal of input;
AC detection circuit, with described exchange output be connected, for detection of output ac signal;
The DC-to-DC change-over circuit is connected with described dc detection circuit, is used for described dc signal is boosted;
Dc-ac conversion circuit is connected with AC detection circuit with the DC-to-DC change-over circuit respectively, is used for converting described direct current to described alternating current;
The electric power conversion control circuit, be connected with described dc-ac conversion circuit with described dc detection circuit, described AC detection circuit, described DC-to-DC change-over circuit respectively, be used for passing through the reference current control switch according to the direct voltage of input and alternating voltage and the electric current of electric current and output, described single-phase inverter is produced and the synchronous output AC electricity of described alternating voltage; And
Ripple is eliminated the unit, be connected with described dc detection circuit, described AC detection circuit and described dc-ac conversion circuit respectively, be used for eliminating according to the ac signal of the dc signal of inputting and output the ripple of described single-phase inverter direct-flow input end;
Wherein, described ripple is eliminated the unit and is comprised:
The ripple control device is connected with described AC detection circuit with described dc detection circuit respectively, is used for controlling according to the dc signal of input and the ac signal of output the mode of operation that described ripple is eliminated the unit;
Energy storage unit is connected with described DC-to-DC change-over circuit, is used for storing or discharging the energy of described direct-flow input end; And
The energy storage controller is connected with described energy storage unit with described ripple control device respectively, is used for the instruction according to described ripple control device, controls the switch of described energy storage unit, carries out storage and the release of described energy.
Alternatively, described energy storage unit is the voltage boosting-reducing bidirectional transducer.
Alternatively, described energy storage unit comprises secondary coil, inductance, electric capacity, the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the first diode and second diode of described transducer, wherein:
The main sideline circle of described secondary coil and described transducer is coupled;
The first end of described inductance is connected with the first end of described secondary coil, and the second end of described inductance is connected to the first end of described electric capacity by described second switch pipe;
The second end of described electric capacity is connected to the second end of described secondary coil;
Described the first switching tube is connected across between the second end of the second end of described inductance and described secondary coil;
Described the first switching tube and described second switch pipe are controlled its switch by described energy storage controller respectively, carry out storage and the release of described energy;
Described the first diode and described the second diode are connected in parallel on respectively described the first switching tube and described second switch pipe two ends, the positive pole of described the first diode is connected to the second end of described secondary coil, the negative pole of described the first diode is connected to the second end of described inductance, the positive pole of described the second diode is connected to the second end of described inductance, and the negative pole of described the second diode is connected to the first end of described electric capacity.
Alternatively, the described ripple mode of operation of eliminating the unit comprises: charge mode and discharge mode.
Alternatively, described ripple control device, described energy storage controller and described electric power switching controller are integrated in same circuit.
Alternatively,, described ripple control device, described energy storage controller and described electric power switching controller are realized with FPGA, CPU, MCU, DSP or ASIC.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of solar photovoltaic generation system, comprises one or more single-phase inverter, and described single-phase inverter is connected between solar panels and electrical network, and described single-phase inverter comprises:
Dc detection circuit is connected with described solar panels, for detection of the dc signal of input;
AC detection circuit is connected with described electrical network, for detection of the ac signal of output;
The DC-to-DC change-over circuit is connected with described dc detection circuit, is used for described dc signal is boosted;
Dc-ac conversion circuit is connected with AC detection circuit with the DC-to-DC change-over circuit respectively, is used for converting described direct current to described alternating current;
The electric power conversion control circuit, be connected with described dc-ac conversion circuit with described dc detection circuit, described AC detection circuit, described DC-to-DC change-over circuit respectively, be used for passing through the reference current control switch according to the direct voltage of input and alternating voltage and the electric current of electric current and output, described single-phase inverter is produced and the synchronous output AC electricity of described alternating voltage; And
Ripple is eliminated the unit, be connected with described dc detection circuit, described AC detection circuit and described dc-ac conversion circuit respectively, be used for eliminating according to the ac signal of the dc signal of inputting and output the ripple of described single-phase inverter direct-flow input end;
Wherein, described ripple is eliminated the unit and is comprised:
The ripple control device is connected with described AC detection circuit with described dc detection circuit respectively, is used for controlling according to the dc signal of input and the ac signal of output the mode of operation that described ripple is eliminated the unit;
Energy storage unit is connected with described DC-to-DC change-over circuit, is used for storing or discharging the energy of described direct-flow input end; And
The energy storage controller is connected with described energy storage unit with described ripple control device respectively, is used for the instruction according to described ripple control device, controls the switch of described energy storage unit, carries out storage and the release of described energy.
Alternatively, described energy storage unit is the voltage boosting-reducing bidirectional transducer.
Alternatively, described energy storage unit comprises secondary coil, inductance, electric capacity, the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the first diode and second diode of described transducer, wherein:
The main sideline circle of described secondary coil and described transducer is coupled;
The first end of described inductance is connected with the first end of described secondary coil, and the second end of described inductance is connected to the first end of described electric capacity by described second switch pipe;
The second end of described electric capacity is connected to the second end of described secondary coil;
Described the first switching tube is connected across between the second end of the second end of described inductance and described secondary coil;
Described the first switching tube and described second switch pipe are controlled its switch by described energy storage controller respectively, carry out storage and the release of described energy;
Described the first diode and described the second diode are connected in parallel on respectively described the first switching tube and described second switch pipe two ends, the positive pole of described the first diode is connected to the second end of described secondary coil, the negative pole of described the first diode is connected to the second end of described inductance, the positive pole of described the second diode is connected to the second end of described inductance, and the negative pole of described the second diode is connected to the first end of described electric capacity.
Alternatively, the described ripple mode of operation of eliminating the unit comprises: charge mode and discharge mode.
Alternatively, described ripple control device, described energy storage controller and described electric power switching controller are integrated in same circuit.
Alternatively, described ripple control device, described energy storage controller and described electric power switching controller are realized with FPGA, CPU, MCU, DSP or ASIC.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
Single-phase inverter of the present invention has increased ripple and has eliminated the unit, by detecting ripple power, controls the mode of operation of change-over circuit in energy storage unit.During higher than power output, be charge mode, the energy storage unit storage power when input direct-current power.During lower than power output, be discharge mode when input direct-current power, energy storage unit releases energy and replenishes to output.Eliminate the switch of unit internal conversion circuit by controlling ripple, voltage on electric capacity changes with energy waveform, voltage on it and the energy of storage determine capacitance, the energy of electric capacity can be controlled as and be equal to double frequency ripple power, realization discharges and recharges, thereby eliminates the double frequency ripple of single-phase inverter DC side input.
Description of drawings
The above and other features of the present invention, character and advantage will become more obvious by the description below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a single-phase inverter of the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the simple circuit structure schematic diagram of a single-phase back exciting converter of the prior art;
Fig. 3 is the modular structure schematic diagram of single-phase inverter of the elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the simple circuit structure schematic diagram of single-phase back exciting converter of the elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is that the ripple in the single-phase back exciting converter of elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention is eliminated the simple circuit structure schematic diagram of cell operation when charge mode;
Fig. 6 is that the ripple in the single-phase back exciting converter of elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention is eliminated the simple circuit structure schematic diagram of cell operation when discharge mode;
Fig. 7 is the rough schematic of a series of activities waveform of single-phase inverter of the elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings; set forth in the following description more details so that fully understand the present invention; but the present invention obviously can implement with multiple alternate manner with being different from this description; those skilled in the art can be in the situation that do similar popularization, deduction without prejudice to intension of the present invention according to practical situations, therefore should be with content constraints protection scope of the present invention of this specific embodiment.
Eliminate an embodiment of the single-phase inverter of direct current input terminal ripple
Fig. 3 is the modular structure schematic diagram of single-phase inverter of the elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention.As shown in the figure, this single-phase inverter 300 is connected in as the solar panels 301 of direct current input with as between the electrical network 302 that exchanges output.Wherein, single-phase inverter 300 can include but not limited to: dc detection circuit 303, AC detection circuit 306, DC-to-DC change-over circuit 304, dc-ac conversion circuit 305, electric power conversion control circuit 307 and ripple are eliminated unit 310.Ripple is eliminated unit 310 and is coupled with DC-to-DC change-over circuit 304.
In the present embodiment, dc detection circuit 303 can be connected with solar panels 301, for detection of the dc signal of input; AC detection circuit 306 can be connected with AC network 302, for detection of the ac signal of output; DC-to-DC change-over circuit 304 can be connected with dc detection circuit 303, is used for dc signal is boosted; Dc-ac conversion circuit 305 can be connected with AC detection circuit 306 with DC-to-DC change-over circuit 304 respectively, is used for converting direct-current power into alternating-current power; Electric power conversion control circuit 307 can be connected with dc detection circuit 303, AC detection circuit 306, DC-to-DC change-over circuit 304 and dc-ac conversion circuit 305 respectively, be used for passing through reference current control switch (not shown) according to the direct voltage of input and alternating voltage and the electric current of electric current and output, single-phase inverter 300 is produced and the synchronous output AC electricity of alternating voltage; And ripple eliminates unit 310 and can be connected with dc detection circuit 303, AC detection circuit 306 and dc-ac conversion circuit 305 respectively, is used for eliminating according to the ac signal of the dc signal of input and output the ripple of single-phase inverter 300 direct-flow input ends.
Wherein, the elimination of the ripple in the present embodiment unit 310 can further be decomposed into and comprise ripple control device 311, energy storage unit 313 and energy storage controller 312.Wherein ripple control device 311 can be connected with AC detection circuit 306 with dc detection circuit 303 respectively, is used for controlling according to the dc signal of input and the ac signal of output the mode of operation that ripple is eliminated unit 310: charge mode and discharge mode; Energy storage unit 313 can be connected with DC-to-DC change-over circuit 304, is used for storing or discharging the energy of direct-flow input end; And energy storage controller 312 can be connected with energy storage unit 313 with ripple control device 311 respectively, is used for the instruction according to ripple control device 311, controls the switch of energy storage unit 313, carries out storage and the release of energy.
Fig. 4 is the simple circuit structure schematic diagram of single-phase back exciting converter of the elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention.As shown in the figure, in this single-phase back exciting converter 400, energy storage unit 413 is the voltage boosting-reducing bidirectional transducer, and it can comprise secondary coil Tr, inductance L r, storage capacitor Cr, a MOS switching tube Qr1, the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2, the first diode Dr1 (body diode that the first diode Dr1 also can a MOS switching tube Qr1) and the second diode Dr2 (the second diode Dr2 can be exactly also the body diode of the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2) of transducer.
In the present embodiment, secondary coil Tr can be coupled with the main sideline circle of transducer; The first end of inductance L r can be connected with the first end of secondary coil Tr, and the second end of inductance L r can be connected to by the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 the first end of capacitor C r; The second end of capacitor C r can be connected to the second end of secondary coil Tr; The one MOS switching tube Qr1 is connected across between the second end of the second end of inductance L r and secondary coil Tr; The one MOS switching tube Qr1 and the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 control its switch by energy storage controller 412 respectively, carry out storage and the release of energy; The first diode Dr1 and the second diode Dr2 are connected in parallel on respectively a MOS switching tube Qr1 and the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 two ends, the positive pole of the first diode Dr1 is connected to the second end of secondary coil Tr, the negative pole of the first diode Dr1 is connected to the second end of inductance L r, the positive pole of the second diode Dr2 is connected to the second end of inductance L r, and the negative pole of the second diode Dr2 is connected to the first end of capacitor C r.
In single-phase back exciting converter 400 shown in Figure 4, to close when the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 maintenance, this transducer is by the stepup transformer of transformer Tr to capacitor C r; Close when a MOS switching tube Qr1 maintenance, this transducer is by the reducing transformer of capacitor C r to transformer Tr.
Storage capacitor Cr in ripple elimination unit and the input isolation of inverter 400 can reach higher voltage, thereby can use less electric capacity for identical energy.
The below does to introduce in detail further to the operation principle of the single-phase inverter of the elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention.
For average output power Po and a-c cycle f, if ignore transition loss, input power is comprised of the ripple of direct current component Pdc and double mains frequency.DC power supply only provides direct current component Po, so energy storage unit need to provide double frequency part Po cos (2wt).Suppose that power output is p
o(t), work as p
o(t)＞during Po, energy storage unit releases energy to output; Work as p
o(t)＜during Po, energy storage unit stores the unnecessary energy that DC power supply is come.
Ripple is eliminated the charge mode of unit: p
o(t)＜Po, energy storage unit stores the unnecessary energy Po-p that DC power supply is come
o(t).Fig. 5 is that the ripple in the single-phase back exciting converter of elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention is eliminated the simple circuit structure schematic diagram of cell operation when charge mode.As shown in Figure 5, when the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 closes, energy storage unit be one by the coil of the transformer Tr booster circuit to capacitor C r.When main switch Q conducting, and a MOS switching tube Qr1 is when closing, and the energy storage of DC power supply DC is to the former limit of main transformer, and the electric energy in inductance L r is transferred to capacitor C r by the second diode Dr2 simultaneously.Q closes when main switch, and during a MOS switching tube Qr1 conducting, the electric energy in main transformer is transferred to simultaneously and exchanges output and the interior inductance L r of energy storage unit.The driving signal of main switch Q and a MOS switching tube Qr1 is complementary, is all to be operated in high frequency, such as 100kHz～1MHz.By booster circuit, the voltage on capacitor C r is higher than the output of transformer Tr, and the ratio of boosting can recently be controlled by the duty of a MOS switching tube Qr1 switch.
Ripple is eliminated the discharge mode of unit: p
o(t)＞Po, energy storage unit discharges the electric energy that stores, and replenishes to output p
o(t)-Po.Fig. 6 is that the ripple in the single-phase back exciting converter of elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention is eliminated the simple circuit structure schematic diagram of cell operation when discharge mode.As shown in Figure 6, when a MOS switching tube Qr1 closes, energy storage unit is that capacitor C r is to the reduction voltage circuit of transformer Tr.Q closes when main switch, and during the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 conducting, the energy Pr in capacitor C r is transferred to inductance L r, and the Energy Transfer in transformer is to output simultaneously.When main switch Q conducting, and the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 is when closing, and the energy Pr in inductance L r is transferred to transformer Tr by the first diode Dr1.The driving signal of main switch Q and a MOS switching tube Qr1 is complementary, is all to be operated in high frequency, such as 100kHz～1MHz.By reduction voltage circuit, the voltage on capacitor C r is higher than the output of transformer Tr, and the ratio of step-down can recently be controlled by the duty of the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 switch.
Fig. 7 is the rough schematic of a series of activities waveform of single-phase inverter of the elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention.As shown in the figure, be followed successively by from top to bottom: the driving signal of the output voltage of single-phase inverter and current waveform, power waveform, the first switching tube Qr1, the driving signal of second switch pipe Qr2 and the driving signal of main switch Q.Wherein the switch of main switch Q, the first switching tube Qr1 and second switch pipe Qr2 is controlled as above and is described.
In the present embodiment, the mode of the mode of operation of control energy storage unit has following three kinds at least:
A kind ofly be more instant power output p
o(t) with average output power Po.AC detection circuit detects output voltage and electric current, calculates instant power output p
o(t) and average output power Po.Compare power output p
o(t) and average output power Po control mode of operation.Work as p
o(t)＞during Po, be discharge mode; Work as p
o(t)＜during Po, be charge mode.
A kind ofly be more instant input power p
in(t) with Mean Input Power Pdc.Dc detection circuit detects input voltage and electric current, calculates instant input power p
in(t) and Mean Input Power Pdc.Compare input power p
in(t) and Mean Input Power Pdc control mode of operation.Work as P
in(t)＞during Pdc, be discharge mode.Work as P
in(t)＜during Pdc, be charge mode.
Another kind of for using the alternating current zero crossing point control.AC detection circuit detects voltage over zero, is made as 0 phase place, and+π/4 phase points are the transition point that ripple is eliminated pattern.If by just bearing, ripple control is transformed to discharge mode by charge mode at zero crossing voltage.If at zero crossing voltage by just to negative, ripple control is transformed to charge mode by discharge mode.
An embodiment with solar photovoltaic generation system of the single-phase inverter of eliminating direct current input terminal ripple
In the solar photovoltaic generation system of one embodiment of the invention, comprise one or more single-phase inverter, this single-phase inverter is connected between solar panels and electrical network.Below or by Fig. 3 to Fig. 7 to solar energy photovoltaic system of the present invention, single-phase inverter especially wherein is described in detail.
Fig. 3 is the modular structure schematic diagram of single-phase inverter of the elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention.As shown in the figure, this single-phase inverter 300 is connected between solar panels 301 and electrical network 302.Wherein, single-phase inverter 300 can include but not limited to: dc detection circuit 303, AC detection circuit 306, DC-to-DC change-over circuit 304, dc-ac conversion circuit 305, electric power conversion control circuit 307 and ripple are eliminated unit 310.Ripple is eliminated unit 310 and is coupled with DC-to-DC change-over circuit 304.
In the present embodiment, dc detection circuit 303 can be connected with solar panels 301, for detection of the dc signal of input; AC detection circuit 306 can be connected with AC network 302, for detection of the ac signal of output; DC-to-DC change-over circuit 304 can be connected with dc detection circuit 303, is used for dc signal is boosted; Dc-ac conversion circuit 305 can be connected with AC detection circuit 306 with DC-to-DC change-over circuit 304 respectively, is used for converting direct-current power into alternating-current power; Electric power conversion control circuit 307 can be connected with dc detection circuit 303, AC detection circuit 306, DC-to-DC change-over circuit 304 and dc-ac conversion circuit 305 respectively, be used for passing through reference current control switch (not shown) according to the direct voltage of input and alternating voltage and the electric current of electric current and output, single-phase inverter 300 is produced and the synchronous output AC electricity of alternating voltage; And ripple eliminates unit 310 and can be connected with dc detection circuit 303, AC detection circuit 306 and dc-ac conversion circuit 305 respectively, is used for eliminating according to the ac signal of the dc signal of input and output the ripple of single-phase inverter 300 direct-flow input ends.
Wherein, the elimination of the ripple in the present embodiment unit 310 can further be decomposed into and comprise ripple control device 311, energy storage unit 313 and energy storage controller 312.Wherein ripple control device 311 can be connected with AC detection circuit 306 with dc detection circuit 303 respectively, is used for controlling according to the dc signal of input and the ac signal of output the mode of operation that ripple is eliminated unit 310: charge mode and discharge mode; Energy storage unit 313 can be connected with DC-to-DC change-over circuit 304, is used for storing or discharging the energy of direct-flow input end; And energy storage controller 312 can be connected with energy storage unit 313 with ripple control device 311 respectively, is used for the instruction according to ripple control device 311, controls the switch of energy storage unit 313, carries out storage and the release of energy.
Fig. 4 is the simple circuit structure schematic diagram of single-phase back exciting converter of the elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention.As shown in the figure, in this single-phase back exciting converter 400, energy storage unit 413 is the voltage boosting-reducing bidirectional transducer, and it can comprise secondary coil Tr, inductance L r, storage capacitor Cr, a MOS switching tube Qr1, the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2, the first diode Dr1 (body diode that the first diode Dr1 also can a MOS switching tube Qr1) and the second diode Dr2 (the second diode Dr2 can be exactly also the body diode of the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2) of transducer.
In the present embodiment, secondary coil Tr can be coupled with the main sideline circle of transducer; The first end of inductance L r can be connected with the first end of secondary coil Tr, and the second end of inductance L r can be connected to by the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 the first end of capacitor C r; The second end of capacitor C r can be connected to the second end of secondary coil Tr; The one MOS switching tube Qr1 is connected across between the second end of the second end of inductance L r and secondary coil Tr; The one MOS switching tube Qr1 and the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 control its switch by energy storage controller 412 respectively, carry out storage and the release of energy; The first diode Dr1 and the second diode Dr2 are connected in parallel on respectively a MOS switching tube Qr1 and the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 two ends, the positive pole of the first diode Dr1 is connected to the second end of secondary coil Tr, the negative pole of the first diode Dr1 is connected to the second end of inductance L r, the positive pole of the second diode Dr2 is connected to the second end of inductance L r, and the negative pole of the second diode Dr2 is connected to the first end of capacitor C r.
In single-phase back exciting converter 400 shown in Figure 4, to close when the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 maintenance, this transducer is by the stepup transformer of transformer Tr to capacitor C r; Close when a MOS switching tube Qr1 maintenance, this transducer is by the reducing transformer of capacitor C r to transformer Tr.
Storage capacitor Cr in ripple elimination unit and the input isolation of inverter 400 can reach higher voltage, thereby can use less electric capacity for identical energy.
The below does to introduce in detail further to the operation principle of the single-phase inverter of the elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention.
For average output power Po and a-c cycle f, if ignore transition loss, input power is comprised of the ripple of direct current component Pdc and double mains frequency.DC power supply only provides direct current component Po, so energy storage unit need to provide double frequency part Po cos (2wt).Suppose that power output is p
o(t), work as p
o(t)＞during Po, energy storage unit releases energy to output; Work as p
o(t)＜during Po, energy storage unit stores the unnecessary energy that DC power supply is come.
Ripple is eliminated the charge mode of unit: p
o(t)＜Po, energy storage unit stores the unnecessary energy Po-p that DC power supply is come
o(t).Fig. 5 is that the ripple in the single-phase back exciting converter of elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention is eliminated the simple circuit structure schematic diagram of cell operation when charge mode.As shown in Figure 5, when the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 closes, energy storage unit be one by the coil of the transformer Tr booster circuit to capacitor C r.When main switch Q conducting, and a MOS switching tube Qr1 is when closing, and the energy storage of DC power supply DC is to the former limit of main transformer, and the electric energy in inductance L r is transferred to capacitor C r by the second diode Dr2 simultaneously.Q closes when main switch, and during a MOS switching tube Qr1 conducting, the electric energy in main transformer is transferred to simultaneously and exchanges output and the interior inductance L r of energy storage unit.The driving signal of main switch Q and a MOS switching tube Qr1 is complementary, is all to be operated in high frequency, such as 100kHz～1MHz.By booster circuit, the voltage on capacitor C r is higher than the output of transformer Tr, and the ratio of boosting can recently be controlled by the duty of a MOS switching tube Qr1 switch.
Ripple is eliminated the discharge mode of unit: p
o(t)＞Po, energy storage unit discharges the electric energy that stores, and replenishes to output p
o(t)-Po.Fig. 6 is that the ripple in the single-phase back exciting converter of elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention is eliminated the simple circuit structure schematic diagram of cell operation when discharge mode.As shown in Figure 6, when a MOS switching tube Qr1 closes, energy storage unit is that capacitor C r is to the reduction voltage circuit of transformer Tr.Q closes when main switch, and during the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 conducting, the energy Pr in capacitor C r is transferred to inductance L r, and the Energy Transfer in transformer is to output simultaneously.When main switch Q conducting, and the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 is when closing, and the energy Pr in inductance L r is transferred to transformer Tr by the first diode Dr1.The driving signal of main switch Q and a MOS switching tube Qr1 is complementary, is all to be operated in high frequency, such as 100kHz～1MHz.By reduction voltage circuit, the voltage on capacitor C r is higher than the output of transformer Tr, and the ratio of step-down can recently be controlled by the duty of the 2nd MOS switching tube Qr2 switch.
Fig. 7 is the rough schematic of a series of activities waveform of single-phase inverter of the elimination direct current input terminal ripple of one embodiment of the invention.As shown in the figure, be followed successively by from top to bottom: the driving signal of the output voltage of single-phase inverter and current waveform, power waveform, the first switching tube Qr1, the driving signal of second switch pipe Qr2 and the driving signal of main switch Q.Wherein the switch of main switch Q, the first switching tube Qr1 and second switch pipe Qr2 is controlled as above and is described.
In the present embodiment, the mode of the mode of operation of control energy storage unit has following three kinds at least:
A kind ofly be more instant power output p
o(t) with average output power Po.AC detection circuit detects output voltage and electric current, calculates instant power output p
o(t) and average output power Po.Compare power output p
o(t) and average output power Po control mode of operation.Work as p
o(t)＞during Po, be discharge mode; Work as p
o(t)＜during Po, be charge mode.
A kind ofly be more instant input power p
in(t) with Mean Input Power Pdc.Dc detection circuit detects input voltage and electric current, calculates instant input power p
in(t) and Mean Input Power Pdc.Compare input power p
in(t) and Mean Input Power Pdc control mode of operation.Work as P
in(t)＞during Pdc, be discharge mode.Work as P
in(t)＜during Pdc, be charge mode.
Another kind of for using the alternating current zero crossing point control.AC detection circuit detects voltage over zero, is made as 0 phase place, and+π/4 phase points are the transition point that ripple is eliminated pattern.If by just bearing, ripple control is transformed to discharge mode by charge mode at zero crossing voltage.If at zero crossing voltage by just to negative, ripple control is transformed to charge mode by discharge mode.
Single-phase inverter of the present invention has increased ripple and has eliminated the unit, by detecting ripple power, controls the mode of operation of change-over circuit in energy storage unit.During higher than power output, be charge mode, the energy storage unit storage power when input direct-current power.During lower than power output, be discharge mode when input direct-current power, energy storage unit releases energy and replenishes to output.Eliminate the switch of unit internal conversion circuit by controlling ripple, voltage on electric capacity changes with energy waveform, voltage on it and the energy of storage determine capacitance, the energy of electric capacity can be controlled as and be equal to double frequency ripple power, realization discharges and recharges, thereby eliminates the double frequency ripple of single-phase inverter DC side input.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above, it is not to limit the present invention, and any those skilled in the art can make possible change and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, every content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention, according to technical spirit of the present invention to any modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment does, within all falling into the protection range that claim of the present invention defines.
Claims (8)
1. a single-phase inverter of eliminating direct current input terminal ripple, be connected in the direct current input and exchange between output, comprising:
Dc detection circuit is connected with described direct current input, for detection of the dc signal of input;
AC detection circuit, with described exchange output be connected, for detection of output ac signal;
The DC-to-DC change-over circuit is connected with described dc detection circuit, is used for described dc signal is boosted;
Dc-ac conversion circuit is connected with AC detection circuit with the DC-to-DC change-over circuit respectively, is used for converting described direct current to described alternating current;
The electric power conversion control circuit, be connected with described dc-ac conversion circuit with described dc detection circuit, described AC detection circuit, described DC-to-DC change-over circuit respectively, be used for passing through the reference current control switch according to the direct voltage of input and alternating voltage and the electric current of electric current and output, described single-phase inverter is produced and the synchronous output AC electricity of described alternating voltage; And
Ripple is eliminated the unit, be connected with described dc detection circuit, described AC detection circuit and described dc-ac conversion circuit respectively, be used for eliminating according to the ac signal of the dc signal of inputting and output the ripple of described single-phase inverter direct-flow input end;
Wherein, described ripple is eliminated the unit and is comprised:
The ripple control device is connected with described AC detection circuit with described dc detection circuit respectively, is used for controlling according to the dc signal of input and the ac signal of output the mode of operation that described ripple is eliminated the unit;
Energy storage unit is connected with described DC-to-DC change-over circuit, is used for storing or discharging the energy of described direct-flow input end; And
The energy storage controller is connected with described energy storage unit with described ripple control device respectively, is used for the instruction according to described ripple control device, controls the switch of described energy storage unit, carries out storage and the release of described energy;
Described energy storage unit is the voltage boosting-reducing bidirectional transducer, and it comprises secondary coil, inductance, electric capacity, the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the first diode and second diode of described transducer, wherein:
The main sideline circle of described secondary coil and described transducer is coupled;
The first end of described inductance is connected with the first end of described secondary coil, and the second end of described inductance is connected to the first end of described electric capacity by described second switch pipe;
The second end of described electric capacity is connected to the second end of described secondary coil;
Described the first switching tube is connected across between the second end of the second end of described inductance and described secondary coil;
Described the first switching tube and described second switch pipe are controlled its switch by described energy storage controller respectively, carry out storage and the release of described energy;
Described the first diode and described the second diode are connected in parallel on respectively described the first switching tube and described second switch pipe two ends, the positive pole of described the first diode is connected to the second end of described secondary coil, the negative pole of described the first diode is connected to the second end of described inductance, the positive pole of described the second diode is connected to the second end of described inductance, and the negative pole of described the second diode is connected to the first end of described electric capacity.
2. single-phase inverter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mode of operation that described ripple is eliminated the unit comprises: charge mode and discharge mode.
3. single-phase inverter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ripple control device, described energy storage controller and described electric power switching controller are integrated in same circuit.
4. single-phase inverter according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described ripple control device, described energy storage controller and described electric power switching controller are realized with FPGA, CPU, MCU, DSP or ASIC.
5. a solar photovoltaic generation system, comprise one or more single-phase inverter, and described single-phase inverter is connected between solar panels and electrical network, and described single-phase inverter comprises:
Dc detection circuit is connected with described solar panels, for detection of the dc signal of input;
AC detection circuit is connected with described electrical network, for detection of the ac signal of output;
The DC-to-DC change-over circuit is connected with described dc detection circuit, is used for described dc signal is boosted;
Dc-ac conversion circuit is connected with AC detection circuit with the DC-to-DC change-over circuit respectively, is used for converting described direct current to described alternating current;
The electric power conversion control circuit, be connected with described dc-ac conversion circuit with described dc detection circuit, described AC detection circuit, described DC-to-DC change-over circuit respectively, be used for passing through the reference current control switch according to the direct voltage of input and alternating voltage and the electric current of electric current and output, described single-phase inverter is produced and the synchronous output AC electricity of described alternating voltage; And
Ripple is eliminated the unit, be connected with described dc detection circuit, described AC detection circuit and described dc-ac conversion circuit respectively, be used for eliminating according to the ac signal of the dc signal of inputting and output the ripple of described single-phase inverter direct-flow input end;
Wherein, described ripple is eliminated the unit and is comprised:
The ripple control device is connected with described AC detection circuit with described dc detection circuit respectively, is used for controlling according to the dc signal of input and the ac signal of output the mode of operation that described ripple is eliminated the unit;
Energy storage unit is connected with described DC-to-DC change-over circuit, is used for storing or discharging the energy of described direct-flow input end; And
The energy storage controller is connected with described energy storage unit with described ripple control device respectively, is used for the instruction according to described ripple control device, controls the switch of described energy storage unit, carries out storage and the release of described energy;
Described energy storage unit is the voltage boosting-reducing bidirectional transducer, and it comprises secondary coil, inductance, electric capacity, the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the first diode and second diode of described transducer, wherein:
The main sideline circle of described secondary coil and described transducer is coupled;
The first end of described inductance is connected with the first end of described secondary coil, and the second end of described inductance is connected to the first end of described electric capacity by described second switch pipe;
The second end of described electric capacity is connected to the second end of described secondary coil;
Described the first switching tube is connected across between the second end of the second end of described inductance and described secondary coil;
Described the first switching tube and described second switch pipe are controlled its switch by described energy storage controller respectively, carry out storage and the release of described energy;
Described the first diode and described the second diode are connected in parallel on respectively described the first switching tube and described second switch pipe two ends, the positive pole of described the first diode is connected to the second end of described secondary coil, the negative pole of described the first diode is connected to the second end of described inductance, the positive pole of described the second diode is connected to the second end of described inductance, and the negative pole of described the second diode is connected to the first end of described electric capacity.
6. solar photovoltaic generation system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the mode of operation that described ripple is eliminated the unit comprises: charge mode and discharge mode.
7. solar photovoltaic generation system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described ripple control device, described energy storage controller and described electric power switching controller are integrated in same circuit.
8. solar photovoltaic generation system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described ripple control device, described energy storage controller and described electric power switching controller are realized with FPGA, CPU, MCU, DSP or ASIC.
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| CN102420437A (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-04-18 | 杭州矽力杰半导体技术有限公司 | Single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system with multiple filtering |
| CN102868287B (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2014-12-10 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | Ripple compensation circuit and super capacitor charge and discharge device |
| CN104765404B (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2017-01-04 | 吴斌 | A kind of wide scope low input ripple maximal power tracing circuit for solar telephone |
| CN106300991A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉承光博德光电科技有限公司 | Eliminate single-phase inverter and the solar photovoltaic generation system of direct current input terminal ripple |
| CN112953220B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-12-30 | 电子科技大学 | DC-DC converter with current sensing and control |
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