CN102130622A - High-efficiency photovoltaic inverter - Google Patents

High-efficiency photovoltaic inverter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102130622A
CN102130622A CN2011100861897A CN201110086189A CN102130622A CN 102130622 A CN102130622 A CN 102130622A CN 2011100861897 A CN2011100861897 A CN 2011100861897A CN 201110086189 A CN201110086189 A CN 201110086189A CN 102130622 A CN102130622 A CN 102130622A
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circuit
photovoltaic
inverter
bridge
booster circuit
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CN2011100861897A
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尤志春
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SHANGHAI WEITELI WELDING EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
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SHANGHAI WEITELI WELDING EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
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Priority to CN2011100861897A priority Critical patent/CN102130622A/en
Priority to US13/520,901 priority patent/US20130220586A1/en
Publication of CN102130622A publication Critical patent/CN102130622A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/422—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element with outside means integral with the tubular element and inside means integral with the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D3/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
    • F28D3/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits with tubular conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F2001/428—Particular methods for manufacturing outside or inside fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/10—Secondary fins, e.g. projections or recesses on main fins

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic inverter, which can effectively improve European efficiency. The photovoltaic inverter comprises a pre-stage booster circuit and a post-stage inverter circuit, wherein the pre-stage booster circuit consists of a capacitor, an inductor, a switching tube and a diode; and the post-stage inverter circuit is a full bridge circuit consisting of four switching tubes and the inductor. The photovoltaic inverter is characterized in that: the switching tube of the pre-stage booster circuit is a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) switching tube; the four switching tubes form an upper half bridge and a lower half bridge respectively; the upper half bridge consists of insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switching tubes; and the lower full bridge consists of the MOSFET switching tubes.

Description

A kind of high-frequency photovoltaic inverter
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy generation technology field, relate in particular to a kind of high-frequency photovoltaic inverter.
Background technology
Solar photovoltaic generation system is to absorb sunlight by solar cell, and the luminous energy of the sun is directly become electric energy output.The main flow development trend of photovoltaic generating system (hereinafter to be referred as photovoltaic system) is a grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system.Solar cell power generation is a direct voltage, must be transformed into interchange by inverter, and the alternating current with electrical network uses altogether again, and the photovoltaic system of this form is exactly the grid-connected photovoltaic system.Grid-connected is the development trend that solar energy utilizes, and photovoltaic generating system will be mainly used in peak load stations and rooftop photovoltaic systems.Inverter also claims inverter, is the convertor assembly that direct current energy is transformed into AC energy, is vitals in the solar power generation.
For the design of conventional electric power electronic installation, we usually by every kilowatt how much weigh its cost performance, for photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, be deputy to the pursuit of maximal efficiency, the maximization of European efficient is only most important.Because for photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, not only the increase of peak power output can be converted into economic benefit, and the raising of European efficient is passable equally, and more obvious.The definition of Europe efficient is different from our usually said average efficiency or peak efficiency.It has taken into full account the variation of sunlight intensity, has described the performance of inverter more accurately.Europe efficient is to add up according to different specific weight with the efficient under the different loads situation to obtain, and wherein the efficient of semi-load accounts for its largest portion.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the employed photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of prior art.The main circuit of the inverter that uses in the prior art by its topological structure classification, mainly contains: recommend inverter, half-bridge inverter and full-bridge inverter.As shown in Figure 1, this inverter is made up of booster circuit (DC-DC) and late-class circuit (DC-AC), and wherein this booster circuit is connected with photovoltaic array, is used for the rated direct voltage of solar panel output is boosted to about 400V.Booster circuit, or claim Boost electric routing switch pipe Q, diode D, inductance L, capacitor C dc forms.The direct voltage Upv that solar power system is exported by the break-make of control switch pipe Q boosts to Udc.During this Boost circuit working, when switching tube Q conducting, diode D is anti-inclined to one side, and output stage is isolated, by input to the inductance L supplying energy.When switching tube Q disconnected, output stage absorbed the energy from inductance L and input.When switching tube Q continued ceaselessly to be switched on or disconnects, this circuit can produce a VD Upv, and the ratio of DC input voitage Udc is by the ratio decision of power tube Q switching time.The relational expression of output voltage U pv and input voltage Udc is
Figure BSA00000468155700021
Wherein D is the duty ratio of chopper circuit, and D=ton/T, ton are the switch conduction time, and T is the switch conduction cycle.
Late-class circuit is to be the single-phase full-bridge inverter main circuit diagram of main switching device by insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), wherein L2 is for exchanging outputting inductance, Cdc is that DC side supports electric capacity, it also is the output capacitance of prime Boost circuit, V1-V4 is main switch IGBT, four switching tubes are carried out PWM control can regulate the inverter output current and press with net and keep same-phase, reach output power factor and be 1 purpose.The nonlinear characteristic of switching tube IGBT makes conduction voltage drop under the heavy load situation, still can keep conducting than low value, and conduction loss can not increase along with higher electric current.But for photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, this characteristic of IGBT becomes shortcoming on the contrary.Because the weighted value of efficient is relevant under the main different underloading situations with inverter of European efficient.Underloading the time, the conduction voltage drop of IGBT can't significantly descend, this has reduced the European efficient of inverter on the contrary.
Therefore for improving the European efficient of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, the loss when only reducing nominal load is not enough, must improve the efficient under the different loads situation simultaneously.Europe efficient mainly puts forward at photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, because different period sunlight intensity are different, so photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is not to be operated under the rated efficiency in fact always, mostly is to be operated under the underloading situation, therefore adopts the weighted value of different loads situation to obtain the European efficient efficient of inverter the most.With 4000 Euros of every kilowatt of installation costs of photovoltaic generation is example, and the every raising 1% of European efficient just can be saved 120 Euros.Therefore the economic benefit that improves European efficient is conspicuous.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-frequency photovoltaic inverter, this photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can effectively improve European efficient, reduces whole cost.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, comprise prime booster circuit and back utmost point inverter circuit, this prime booster circuit is made up of electric capacity, inductance, switching tube and diode, the full-bridge circuit that this back utmost point inverter circuit is made up of four switching tubes and inductance; It is characterized in that the switching tube of this prime booster circuit is the switch mosfet pipe, four switching tubes of this back utmost point inverter circuit are formed half-bridge and following half-bridge respectively, and half-bridge is made up of the IGBT switching tube on this, and this time half-bridge is made up of the switch mosfet pipe.
Further, the relational expression of this prime booster circuit output voltage U pv and input voltage Udc is
Figure BSA00000468155700022
Wherein D is the duty ratio of chopper circuit, and D=ton/T, ton are the switch conduction time, and T is the switch conduction cycle.
Compared with prior art, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter provided by the present invention can effectively reduce the output electromagnetic interference of total losses and inverter, improves European efficient.Through emulation testing, the European efficient of single inverter is increased to 99.2% by original 97.2%, and total European efficient can reach 98.8%.
Description of drawings
Can be about the advantages and spirit of the present invention by following detailed Description Of The Invention and appended graphic being further understood.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the employed photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter involved in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the efficient analogous diagram of the Boost circuit of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter involved in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the efficient analogous diagram of the inverter circuit of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter involved in the present invention.
Embodiment
Describe specific embodiments of the invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of this photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of high efficiency photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can effectively improve European efficient, reduce whole cost.
In the present invention, in order to overcome the shortcoming of insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT, by a large amount of experiments and simulation analysis, we find and the part switching tube can be replaced with MOSFET (metal-oxide layer-semiconductor-field-effect transistor) by IGBT.Because the conduction voltage drop of MOSFET is linear, under low situation of carrying, lower conduction voltage drop is arranged, and remarkable dynamic characteristic and high-frequency work ability are arranged.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter involved in the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter provided by the present invention comprises prime booster circuit (DC-DC) and back level inverter circuit (DC-AC).The BOOST circuit is realized MPPT maximum power point tracking by the adjustment to input voltage.Full-bridge inverter becomes dc inverter sinusoidal ac to inject electrical network.Prime is passed through L BOOST, D BOOST, C BOOSTAnd T BOOSTConstitute booster circuit, guaranteeing in the minimum output area of solar panels can be normally for the back level provides the most enough inverter voltages, and uses MOSFET as switch transistor T in front stage circuits BOOST
Level inverter circuit in back adopts the full-bridge inverting structure, brachium pontis power tube T1 and T2 compositions on wherein, and T3 and T4 form brachium pontis down, last brachium pontis employing IGBT, and following brachium pontis is the MOSFET structure.The IGBT of last half-bridge is operated in power frequency 50Hz as polarity controller, thereby reduces the output electromagnetic interference of total losses and inverter.The MOSFET of following half-bridge carries out the PWM high frequency and switches, thereby reduces the size of boost inductance and output filter.This topological structure can not only improve the inverter conversion efficiency, more can improve European efficient.
Fig. 3 is the efficient analogous diagram of the Boost circuit of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter involved in the present invention, and Fig. 4 is the efficient analogous diagram of the inverter circuit of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter involved in the present invention.From above-mentioned two figure, we can see the simulation result that uses the technical program.We can learn according to simulation result, and the efficient of module descends with the reduction of load hardly.The European efficient of single inverter reaches 99.2% total European efficient (Boost+Inverter) can reach 98.8%.Even add the loss of passive device, total the efficient of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter still can reach 98%.Fig. 4 dotted line has shown the conventional power device of use, the efficiency change of inverter.Can see obviously that when hanging down load, the mark inverter efficiency descends very fast, total European efficient can only reach 97.2%.
Described in this specification is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention but not limitation of the present invention.All those skilled in the art all should be within the scope of the present invention under this invention's idea by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.

Claims (2)

1. a photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises prime booster circuit and back utmost point inverter circuit, and described prime booster circuit is made up of electric capacity, inductance, switching tube and diode, the full-bridge circuit that described back utmost point inverter circuit is made up of four switching tubes and inductance; It is characterized in that the switching tube of described prime booster circuit is the switch mosfet pipe, four switching tubes of described back utmost point inverter circuit are formed half-bridge and following half-bridge respectively, and the described half-bridge of going up is made up of the IGBT switching tube, and described half-bridge down is made up of the switch mosfet pipe.
2. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the relational expression of described prime booster circuit output voltage U pv and input voltage Udc is Wherein D is the duty ratio of chopper circuit, and D=ton/T, ton are the switch conduction time, and T is the switch conduction cycle.
CN2011100861897A 2011-04-07 2011-04-07 High-efficiency photovoltaic inverter Pending CN102130622A (en)

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US13/520,901 US20130220586A1 (en) 2011-04-07 2011-06-15 Strengthened transmission tubes for falling film evaporators

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CN102324866A (en) * 2011-10-09 2012-01-18 郑州朗睿科技有限公司 H-bridge inverter circuit
CN102664544A (en) * 2012-04-28 2012-09-12 陕西长岭光伏电气有限公司 Two-pole single-phase photovoltaic inverter and inversion method thereof
CN102664197A (en) * 2012-06-05 2012-09-12 长安大学 JFET (Junction Field Effect Transistor) and manufacturing method thereof, and micro inverter using JFET
CN102857084A (en) * 2012-09-28 2013-01-02 北京京仪绿能电力系统工程有限公司 Circuit and method for restraining non-insulation type inverter common mode leakage current
CN103312212A (en) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-18 上海利思电气有限公司 Photovoltaic inverter
CN103746594A (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-04-23 芜湖国睿兆伏电子有限公司 Pulse constant-current source
CN104993786A (en) * 2014-12-12 2015-10-21 武汉绿鼎天舒科技发展有限公司 Solar cell
CN109633283A (en) * 2019-01-31 2019-04-16 厦门科华恒盛股份有限公司 Bus capacitor capacitance monitoring method, device and terminal device

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CN106643262A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-05-10 江苏萃隆精密铜管股份有限公司 Efficient heat transfer pipe with evaporating function and condensing function
CN112944981A (en) * 2019-12-10 2021-06-11 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Heat exchange structure, falling film heat exchanger and air conditioner
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102324866A (en) * 2011-10-09 2012-01-18 郑州朗睿科技有限公司 H-bridge inverter circuit
CN103312212A (en) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-18 上海利思电气有限公司 Photovoltaic inverter
CN102664544A (en) * 2012-04-28 2012-09-12 陕西长岭光伏电气有限公司 Two-pole single-phase photovoltaic inverter and inversion method thereof
CN102664197A (en) * 2012-06-05 2012-09-12 长安大学 JFET (Junction Field Effect Transistor) and manufacturing method thereof, and micro inverter using JFET
CN102664197B (en) * 2012-06-05 2014-08-06 长安大学 JFET (Junction Field Effect Transistor) and manufacturing method thereof, and micro inverter using JFET
CN102857084A (en) * 2012-09-28 2013-01-02 北京京仪绿能电力系统工程有限公司 Circuit and method for restraining non-insulation type inverter common mode leakage current
CN103746594A (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-04-23 芜湖国睿兆伏电子有限公司 Pulse constant-current source
CN104993786A (en) * 2014-12-12 2015-10-21 武汉绿鼎天舒科技发展有限公司 Solar cell
CN109633283A (en) * 2019-01-31 2019-04-16 厦门科华恒盛股份有限公司 Bus capacitor capacitance monitoring method, device and terminal device

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Application publication date: 20110720