CN102074748A - Battery voltage balancing device and battery charging device - Google Patents
Battery voltage balancing device and battery charging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102074748A CN102074748A CN2009102219633A CN200910221963A CN102074748A CN 102074748 A CN102074748 A CN 102074748A CN 2009102219633 A CN2009102219633 A CN 2009102219633A CN 200910221963 A CN200910221963 A CN 200910221963A CN 102074748 A CN102074748 A CN 102074748A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a battery voltage balancing device and a battery charging device. The battery voltage balancing device comprises a balance determination unit and a conversion unit, wherein the balance determination unit is connected with a plurality of battery units which are connected in series and judges whether to start a battery voltage balancing program or not according to battery voltage of each battery unit; the conversion unit is provided with an energy storage circuit and is connected with the plurality of battery units; and energy is stored for the energy storage circuit and the energy storage circuit is selectively connected in parallel to charge at least one battery unit in the plurality of battery units in the battery voltage balancing program, so that the battery voltage difference of any two battery units in the plurality of battery units is reduced to be within a predetermined value. Through the battery voltage balancing device and the battery charging device provided by the invention, the cost of a battery balance controller can be reduced, the conversion efficiency of the battery voltage is improved, and the problem of shortened service life of a battery is also solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of voltage balance of battery device and battery charger, relate in particular to a kind of voltage balance of battery device and battery charger that carries out voltage balance of battery by electric power storage and conversion regime.
Background technology
Along with the development of portable electronic product, the demand of rechargeable type battery also rises thereupon.TunePower has comprised lighium polymer (Li-Polymer) battery of Ni-MH battery, lithium ion battery and the latest development of existing nickel-cadmium cell, subsequent development.The voltage that different types of rechargeable type battery is provided also is not quite similar, and the required operating voltage of portable electronic product is also different.Therefore, the battery manufacturer can cooperate the operating voltage of portable electronic product, and several battery strings are unified into battery modules so that required voltage to be provided.
When battery modules exhausts at the electric energy of battery, need to be full of electricity again for using next time with charger.Yet battery can be because of making or using and cause charge capacity different.For instance, 7.4V lithium battery module is that lithium battery by two 3.7V is composed in series.When dispatching from the factory, the charge capacity of two batteries is respectively 80% and 70%.Because over-charge of lithium battery can damage battery itself, therefore, lithium battery charger stops to charge when arbitrary lithium battery completely charges, and at this moment, the charge capacity of two batteries is respectively 100% (battery charge capacity the upper limit) and 90%.And when using, as long as arbitrary battery charge capacity reduces to 0% (battery discharge lower limit), battery modules promptly can't be used, and therefore, the charge capacity of these two batteries is reduced to and is respectively 10% and at 0% o'clock, promptly must recharge and could use.
By above-mentioned example as can be known, when the charge capacity of the battery of battery modules was different, the reality of battery modules can use electric energy to be determined by the minimum battery of charge capacity.And during except above-mentioned dispatching from the factory each battery charge capacity of battery modules may difference, battery is not when using, also can self discharge, under the different situation of each self-discharge of battery speed, also can cause between battery charge capacity uneven gradually, make battery modules reality can use electric energy to tail off gradually along with battery service time, cause the service efficiency of battery modules to descend, also shorten service time.
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of existing digital battery balance controller, Figure 1 shows that the digital battery balance controller that Intersil is disclosed in the tables of data (Datasheet) of its ISL9208.One digital battery balance controller 10 comprises a battery equilibrium microprocessor 5 and transistor switch S1-S7.Transistor switch S1-S7 is in parallel with battery BAT1-BAT7 by resistance R 1-R7 respectively.The voltage of battery BAT1-BAT7 converts digital signal to through analog/digital converter (A/D Converter), this battery equilibrium microprocessor 5 is according to the voltage digital signal of battery BAT1-BAT7, compare the wherein higher battery of voltage through built-in algorithm, and the transistor switch of this higher voltage batteries parallel connection of conducting, make the charging current of each battery can reach the function of equilibrium charging according to the voltage adjustment of each battery.
After yet cell voltage need convert digital signal to via analog/digital converter, the battery equilibrium microprocessor 5 of numeral is just handled, and analog/digital converter can significantly increase the chip area of this digital battery balance controller 10, so the suitable height of cost is its shortcoming.In addition, the digital battery balance controller is adjusted each battery charging rate by resistance R 1-R7 by the electric current shunting mode, and the mode of resistance not only causes unnecessary power consumption and produces unnecessary heat and the electric current branch is flowed through.Especially under the large current charge or the charged state of filling soon, battery is charged under higher operating environment and shortened useful life of battery.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of voltage balance of battery device and battery fills and puts, use the battery charge controller of simulation to reach the equilibrium charging of battery to reduce the cost of battery equilibrium controller, and reduce unnecessary power consumption and reduce the rising of temperature with energy storage and power conversions mode, with the conversion efficiency that improves voltage balance of battery and the problem of having avoided battery to shorten useful life.
For achieving the above object, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of voltage balance of battery device, comprises a balance judging unit and a converting unit.The balance judging unit connects a plurality of battery units of series connection, and whether the balance judging unit starts a voltage balance of battery program according to the cell voltage decision of each battery unit.Converting unit has an accumulator and connects a plurality of battery units, accumulator in parallel is contracted in a predetermined value or the predetermined percentage cell voltage difference of any two battery units in a plurality of battery units with at least one battery unit charging in to a plurality of battery units to accumulator energy storage and selectivity in the voltage balance of battery program.
The present invention also provides a kind of battery charger, and in order to a battery modules is charged, wherein battery modules comprises a plurality of battery units of series connection.Battery charger comprises a charging control unit, a balance judging unit and a converting unit.Charging control unit connects a power supply and battery modules, charges so that a charging current to battery modules to be provided in order to the control power supply.The balance judging unit connects battery modules and whether starts a voltage balance of battery program according to the cell voltage decision of each battery unit.Converting unit has an accumulator and connects battery modules, the voltage balance of battery program electric power of charging current is stored in accumulator and to a plurality of battery units at least one battery unit charging, the cell voltage difference of any two battery units in a plurality of battery units is contracted in a predetermined value or the predetermined percentage.
Above general introduction and ensuing detailed description are all exemplary in nature, are in order to further specify technical scheme of the present invention.And relevant other objects and advantages of the present invention, will be in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, be illustrated and set forth follow-up.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of existing digital battery balance controller.
Fig. 2 is the block schematic diagram of the battery charger of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the voltage balance of battery device of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the voltage balance of battery device of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the voltage balance of battery device of third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of the voltage balance of battery device of fourth embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of the voltage balance of battery device of fifth embodiment of the invention.
The main element symbol description:
5: the battery equilibrium microprocessor; 10: the digital battery balance controller;
50: balance judging unit pipe switch; 60: converting unit;
70: charging control unit; 75: charge switch;
BAT1～BAT7: battery; BAT: battery modules;
R1～R7: resistance; S1～S7: crystal;
VCC: power supply; Ich: charging current;
Cell1, Cell2, Cell3: battery unit; BC: balance enabling signal;
VDD: voltage; EN: voltage is judged enabling signal;
EA: enabling signal; D18, D27, D28, D36: diode;
L1, L2, L3, L4: inductance; C1, C2, C3, C5: electric capacity;
CS: current sense signal; 532: linear voltage regulator;
120,220,320,420,520: converting unit;
100,200,300,400,500: the balance judging unit;
105,205,305,405,505: start-up circuit;
110,210,310,410,510: balance of voltage decision circuitry;
125,225,325,425,525: control unit;
130,230,330,430,530: the energy storage switches set;
135,235,335,435,535: release the energy switches set;
140,240,340,440,540: accumulator;
DET, DET1, DET2: cell voltage detection signal;
M11～M17, M21～M26, M31～M35, M41～M46, M51～M54: transistor switch;
S11～S17, S21～S26, S31～S35, S41～S46, S51～S54: control signal.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 is the block schematic diagram of the battery charger of one embodiment of the invention, please refer to Fig. 2, battery charger comprises a charging control unit 70, a balance judging unit 50 and a converting unit 60, in order to a battery modules BAT is charged, wherein battery modules BAT comprises a plurality of battery unit Cell1, Cell2, the Cell3 of series connection, and balance judging unit 50 and converting unit 60 are formed a voltage balance of battery device.Whether charging control unit 70 connects a power supply VCC and battery modules BAT, provide a charging current Ich to charge to battery modules BAT by charge switch 75 control power supply VCC decisions.Balance judging unit 50 connects battery modules BAT, and the cell voltage detection signal DET1, the DET2 that receive battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3 tie point determine whether needing to start a voltage balance of battery program with the cell voltage according to each battery unit.When the cell voltage difference of any two battery units among battery unit Cell1, Cell2, the Cell3 surpasses a predetermined percentage or a predetermined voltage difference, produce a balance enabling signal BC to start the voltage balance of battery program.
Converting unit 60 connects battery modules BAT and has an accumulator (not shown), starts the voltage balance of battery program behind receiving balance enabling signal BC.When the voltage balance of battery program, accumulator stores electric power and at least one battery unit charging in a plurality of battery units, the cell voltage difference of any two battery units in a plurality of battery units is contracted in a predetermined value or the predetermined percentage value.When charging, the stored electric power of accumulator can be from charging current Ich, and for example the accumulator that partly or entirely is guided to charging current Ich stores, and also can part be provided by charging current Ich, and part is provided by battery modules BAT.For battery unit Cell1, the Cell2 among the battery modules BAT, the cell voltage difference of Cell3 are contracted in predetermined value or the predetermined percentage value, the electric power or the charging current of the battery unit of high cell voltage can be stored in accumulator, discharge the stored electric power of accumulator then to the battery unit of minimum cell voltage or discharge the stored electric power of accumulator to battery modules BAT (being whole battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3).Perhaps also electric power or the charging current of battery modules BAT (being whole battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3) can be stored in accumulator, discharge the battery unit of the stored electric power of accumulator then to minimum cell voltage.So, can dwindle battery unit or the battery unit of minimum cell voltage and the cell voltage of other battery unit of high cell voltage.The detail operations process can be referring to the explanation of following examples.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the voltage balance of battery device of first embodiment of the invention, please refer to Fig. 3, the voltage balance of battery device connects a plurality of battery unit Cell1, Cell2, the Cell3 of series connection, and it comprises a balance judging unit 100 and a converting unit 120.Balance judging unit 100 comprises a start-up circuit 105 and a balance of voltage decision circuitry 110.Start-up circuit 105 judges whether voltage VDD reaches on the predetermined starting resistor, and wherein voltage VDD is the voltage that a plurality of battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3 are in series.If voltage VDD is greater than predetermined starting resistor, 105 of start-up circuits produce a voltage and judge that enabling signal EN operates in the circuit operation mistake that sufficiently high driving voltage environment may cause to avoid undertension to guarantee the voltage balance of battery device.In addition, start-up circuit 105 also can receive an enabling signal EA and start the voltage balance of battery device, in the time of promptly on voltage VDD reaches predetermined starting resistor, the voltage balance of battery device is not if receive that enabling signal EA does not then still operate as yet, and so the voltage balance of battery device can operate with the circuit external collocation.For example: enabling signal EA can be produced by charging control unit 70 as shown in Figure 2.When charging control unit 70 decisions begin battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3 charging, charging control unit 70 can produce enabling signal EA, so can make the voltage balance of battery program charging process carry out and avoid the voltage balance of battery program can excess loss when non-charging process is carried out battery electric power.Perhaps, charging control unit 70 also can just produce enabling signal EA during to a predetermined battery current potential to start the voltage balance of battery program at battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3 bulk charge, so, has the battery of memory effect for some, can be chosen in one does not relatively have the voltage range of memory effect to carry out the voltage balance of battery program, and follow-up use causes bad influence to battery to avoid memory effect.
Balance of voltage decision circuitry 110 is when receiving voltage judgement enabling signal EN, begin to operate with according to cell voltage detection signal DET1, DET2 and series connected battery unit Cell1, the anode of Cell2, Cell3 and the cell voltage that negative terminal (promptly connecting voltage VDD and ground connection) is judged each battery unit, and whether decision starts the voltage balance of battery program in view of the above, if then produce a balance enabling signal BC.For example: balance of voltage decision circuitry 110 can surpass a predetermined starting resistor difference or a predetermined balance enabling signal BC that produces when starting percent difference in the cell voltage difference of any two battery units, and all is contracted to a predetermined value, a predetermined percentage or stops to produce balance enabling signal BC when equal in the cell voltage difference of any two battery units.
Converting unit 120 has an accumulator 140 and connects battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3, when receiving balance enabling signal BC, accumulator 140 energy storage and selectivity accumulator 140 in parallel is released and can the cell voltage difference of any two battery units among battery unit Cell1, Cell2, the Cell3 is contracted in predetermined value or the predetermined percentage so that one of them charges to battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3 to battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3.In the present embodiment, converting unit 120 is a decompression converting circuit, in order to voltage VDD is converted to predetermined charge voltages value output.The predetermined charge voltages value can decide according to the pressure drop in battery unit kind and the circuit networking, for example: battery unit is a lithium battery, charging voltage is 4.2V, and transistor switch conducting in the charging circuit and the pressure drop of diode forward bias voltage drop and be 0.9V, then the predetermined charge voltages value is 4.2V+0.9V=5.1V.
Converting unit 120 comprises a switch module, a control unit 125 and accumulator 140, wherein the switch module have that an energy storage switches set 130 and releases can switches set 135, accumulator 140 can switches set 135 be released energy by 130 energy storage of energy storage switches set and by releasing.Energy storage switches set 130 comprises transistor switch M11, M12, connects anode and the negative terminal (promptly connecting voltage VDD and ground connection) of series connected battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3.Release and switches set 135 to comprise transistor switch M13, M14, M15, M16, M17 and diode D18.Accumulator 140 comprises an inductance L 1 and a capacitor C 1, and be connected energy storage switches set 130 and release can switches set 135 between.
Begin corresponding transistor switch M11～M16 during control unit 125 receiving balance enabling signal BC and produce control signal S11～S16, with the energy storage of carrying out accumulator 140 and release energy.When one first sequential, transistor switch M11, the M17 in the control unit 125 conducting energy storage switches set 130 to be to connect the anode of accumulator 140 to a plurality of battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3, with voltage VDD to accumulator 140 energy storage.When one second sequential, transistor switch M12 and "off" transistor switch M11 in the control unit 125 conducting energy storage switches set 130 make the path afterflow of electric current by capacitor C 1 and transistor switch M12 on the inductance L 1.And the time span T2 of the time span T1 of first sequential and second sequential can decide according to predetermined charge voltages value and voltage VDD, just work period (Duty Cycle)=predetermined charge voltages value/voltage VDD=T1/ (T1+T2).And unlikely too high in order to ensure the electric current on the inductance L 1, the time span T1 of first sequential can be made as or less than a scheduled time length, the electric current of inductance L 1 is guaranteed within a restriction current value.
Release the conducting of the transistor switch in can switches set 135 with by then deciding according to the battery unit that cell voltage is minimum among battery unit Cell1, Cell2, the Cell3.If the cell voltage of battery unit Cell1 is minimum, then when second sequential, release transistor switch M15 in can switches set 135, M17 conducting and by all the other transistor switches of releasing in can switches set 135, make in the accumulator 140 capacitor C 1 by transistor switch M15 and diode D18 batteries in parallel connection unit Cell1 with to charging.If the cell voltage of battery unit Cell2 is minimum, then when second sequential, releases transistor switch M13, the M16 conducting of energy switches set 135 and end all the other transistor switches of releasing in the energy switches set 135.Therefore, when second sequential, capacitor C 1 by transistor switch M13, M16 be connected in parallel to battery unit Cell2 with to charging.If the cell voltage of battery unit Cell3 is minimum, then when second sequential, releases the transistor switch M14 conducting in the energy switches set 135 and end all the other transistor switches of releasing in the energy switches set 135.Therefore, when second sequential, capacitor C 1 by transistor switch M14 and diode D18 be connected in parallel to battery unit Cell3 with to charging.In addition, improper for diode current flow for fear of transistor switch M13, M15, M16 in operating process, so the equal ground connection of its substrate is so that not reason misoperation conducting and influence circuit and operate of diode.
As above explanation, converting unit 120 is when the voltage balance of battery program, according to balance enabling signal BC selectivity that accumulator 140 is in parallel with cell voltage the lowest among battery unit Cell1, Cell2, the Cell3, make the cell voltage the lowest obtain extra charging until the voltage balance of battery EP (end of program).And converting unit can make most of electric power all be used for voltage balance of battery but not the loss disappearance by the storage and the conversion of electric power, so compared with prior art, not only efficient is higher, the generation of heat in the time of also simultaneously can reducing voltage balance of battery.
Except above-mentioned decompression converting circuit, converting unit of the present invention can be any circuit with store energy and translation function, with storage and switching energy and to wherein one of at least charging of a plurality of battery units, make the charge rate of the battery unit of the battery unit of high cell voltage and minimum cell voltage different and dwindle voltage difference gradually.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the voltage balance of battery device of second embodiment of the invention, please refer to Fig. 4, and in the present embodiment, converting unit 220 is a voltage up converting circuit.The voltage balance of battery device connects a plurality of battery unit Cell1, Cell2, the Cell3 of series connection, and it comprises a balance judging unit 200 and converting unit 220.Balance judging unit 200 comprises a start-up circuit 205 and a balance of voltage decision circuitry 210, and wherein start-up circuit 205 judges that to produce voltage enabling signal EN starts the voltage balance of battery device in order to judge whether voltage VDD reaches on the predetermined starting resistor.Balance of voltage decision circuitry 210 is receiving voltage when judging enabling signal EN, begins to operate with according to cell voltage detection signal DET1, DET2 and series connected battery unit Cell1, the anode of Cell2, Cell3 and the cell voltage that negative terminal (promptly connecting voltage VDD and ground connection) is judged each battery unit.With the embodiment difference of Fig. 2 be the enabling signal EA that start-up circuit 205 does not receive external circuit, but judge that by balance of voltage decision circuitry 210 cell voltage of battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3 is whether all on the predetermined battery current potential.And if the cell voltage difference of any two battery units surpass a predetermined starting resistor difference or one predetermined when starting percent difference balance of voltage decision circuitry 210 produce balance enabling signal BC, the highest and carry out the voltage balance of battery program with notice converting unit 220 which cell voltage.
Converting unit 220 comprises a control unit 225, a switch module and accumulator 240, and wherein the switch module comprises an energy storage switches set 230 and releases energy switches set 235.Energy storage switches set 230 has comprised transistor switch M21, M22, M23, M24, M25 and diode D27, is connected to positive pole and the negative pole of battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3 respectively.Release and switches set 235 to comprise a transistor switch M26 and a diode D28, be connected to the anode of series connected battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3, i.e. voltage VDD.Accumulator 240 comprises an inductance L 2 and a capacitor C 2, and connecting energy storage switches set 230 and release can switches set 235.Converting unit 220 is the electric power of cell voltage soprano among battery unit Cell1, Cell2, the Cell3 (or in charging process, then can be the part of charging current or the combination of charging current and battery unit electric power) is stored to accumulator 240 and boosts to provide power charge to all battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3.Circuit operates following explanation:
Begin corresponding transistor switch M21～M26 during control unit 225 receiving balance enabling signal BC and produce control signal S21～S26, with the energy storage of carrying out accumulator 240 and release energy.If the cell voltage of battery unit Cell1 is the highest, then the transistor switch M23 in the conducting energy storage switches set 230 also ends all the other transistor switches when first sequential, make the inductance L 2 in the accumulator 240 carry out energy storage by transistor switch M23 and diode D27, and when second sequential, release transistor switch M26 in can switches set 235 by all crystals pipe switch of energy storage switches set 230 and conducting, this moment inductance L 2 electric current by transistor switch M26 and diode D28 afterflow.If the cell voltage of battery unit Cell2 is the highest, then transistor switch M22, the M25 in the conducting energy storage switches set 230 also ends all the other transistor switches when first sequential, make the inductance L 2 in the accumulator 240 carry out energy storage by transistor switch M22, M25, and when second sequential, release transistor switch M26 in can switches set 235 by all crystals pipe switch of energy storage switches set 230 and conducting, this moment inductance L 2 electric current by transistor switch M26 and diode D28 afterflow.If the cell voltage of battery unit Cell3 is the highest, then transistor switch M21, the M24 in the conducting energy storage switches set 230 also ends all the other transistor switches when first sequential, make the inductance L 2 in the accumulator 240 carry out energy storage by transistor switch M21, M24, and when second sequential, release transistor switch M26 in can switches set 235 by all crystals pipe switch of energy storage switches set 230 and conducting, this moment inductance L 2 electric current by transistor switch M26 and diode D28 afterflow.
The cross-pressure of the capacitor C 2 in the accumulator 240 of converting unit 220 is promoted to a predetermined charge voltages so that battery unit Cell1, Cell2, Cell3 are charged.In the present embodiment, the predetermined charge voltages value can decide according to the battery unit kind, and for example: battery unit is a lithium battery, and its charging voltage is 4.2V, and then the predetermined charge voltages value is 4.2V*3=12.6V.In addition, can try to achieve work period of control signal S21～S25, just can determine the time span ratio of first sequential and second sequential according to predetermined charge voltages value/cell voltage soprano's voltage according to the ratio of boosting of booster circuit.In addition, the time span that can limit first sequential is equal to or less than a scheduled time length, and the electric current of inductance L 2 is guaranteed within the restriction current value.
In addition, improper for diode current flow for fear of transistor switch M22, M24, M25 in operating process, so the equal ground connection of its substrate is so that the not improper operation conducting of reason and influence circuit and operate of diode.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the voltage balance of battery device of third embodiment of the invention, please refer to Fig. 5, and wherein the voltage balance of battery device comprises a balance judging unit 300 and a converting unit 320, and connects a plurality of battery unit Cell1, the Cell2 of series connection.In present embodiment and following each embodiment operating process, so be that example illustrates with two battery unit Cell1, Cell2 for more succinct description voltage balance of battery device of the present invention.
Balance judging unit 300 comprises a start-up circuit 305 and a balance of voltage decision circuitry 310, wherein start-up circuit 305 starts after receiving enabling signal EA to judge whether voltage VDD reaches on the predetermined starting resistor, judges that enabling signal EN starts the voltage balance of battery device if then produce voltage.Balance of voltage decision circuitry 310 is receiving voltage when judging enabling signal EN, begins operation with according to cell voltage detection signal DET (being the tie point voltage of the negative terminal of the anode of battery unit Cell1 and battery unit Cell2) and the anode of series connected battery unit Cell1, Cell2 and the cell voltage that negative terminal (being voltage VDD and ground connection) is judged each battery unit.If it is balance of voltage decision circuitry 310 produced balance enabling signal BC when the cell voltage difference of any two battery units was scheduled to start percent difference above a predetermined starting resistor difference or, the highest or minimum to start the voltage balance of battery program to notify converting unit 320 which cell voltage.In the present embodiment, converting unit 320 is a buck change-over circuit, and the state decision between can matching battery unit Cell1, Cell2 is to boost or the mode of step-down is carried out the voltage balance of battery program.
Converting unit 320 comprises a control unit 325, a switch module and an accumulator 340, and wherein the switch module comprises an energy storage switches set 330 and releases energy switches set 335.Control unit 325 corresponding transistor switch M31～M35 produce control signal S31～S35, with the energy storage of carrying out accumulator 340 and release energy.Energy storage switches set 330 has comprised transistor switch M31, M32, M33, M35.Release and switches set 335 to comprise a transistor switch M34, a diode D36.Accumulator 340 comprises an inductance L 3 and a capacitor C 3, and connecting energy storage switches set 330 and release can switches set 335.
When the voltage of battery unit Cell1 during less than the voltage of battery unit Cell2, converting unit 320 is carried out the voltage balance of battery program with the step-down conversion regime.At this moment, turn-on transistor switch M31 and "off" transistor switch M32, M33, M35 make accumulator 340 carry out energy storage when one first sequential.And when one second sequential "off" transistor switch M31, M33, M35 and turn-on transistor switch M32, M34, the electric current that makes inductance L 3 is by transistor switch M32, M34 afterflow.The cross-pressure of the capacitor C 3 in the accumulator 340 is stabilized in a predetermined charge voltages value and also by the transistor switch M34 of conducting battery unit Cell1 is charged.In the present embodiment, the predetermined charge voltages value is the conduction voltage drop that charging voltage adds transistor switch M34.
When the voltage of battery unit Cell1 during greater than the voltage of battery unit Cell2, converting unit 320 is carried out the voltage balance of battery program in the boost conversion mode.At this moment, turn-on transistor switch M33, M35 and "off" transistor switch M31, M32, M34 when one first sequential make the inductance L 3 in the accumulator 340 carry out energy storage.And "off" transistor switch M31, M32, M33, M34 also continue turn-on transistor switch M35 when one second sequential, and the electric current that makes inductance L 3 is by transistor switch M35 afterflow.The cross-pressure of the capacitor C 3 in the accumulator 340 is stabilized in a predetermined charge voltages value and by diode D36 battery unit Cell1, Cell2 is charged.In the present embodiment, the predetermined charge voltages value is that two battery units get the conduction voltage drop that charging voltage adds diode D36.
In addition, improper for diode current flow for fear of transistor switch M34, M35 in operating process, so the equal ground connection of its substrate is so that not reason misoperation conducting and influence circuit and operate of diode.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of the voltage balance of battery device of fourth embodiment of the invention, please refer to Fig. 6, and wherein the voltage balance of battery device comprises a balance judging unit 400 and a converting unit 420, and connects a plurality of battery unit Cell1, the Cell2 of series connection.Balance judging unit 400 comprises a start-up circuit 405 and a balance of voltage decision circuitry 410, and wherein start-up circuit 405 starts after receiving enabling signal EA, and produces voltage judgement enabling signal EN to start the voltage balance of battery device according to voltage VDD.Balance of voltage decision circuitry 410 begins to operate the cell voltage of judging each battery unit with according to anode and the negative terminal (being voltage VDD and ground connection) of cell voltage detection signal DET and series connected battery unit Cell1, Cell2 when receiving voltage judgement enabling signal EN.If it is balance of voltage decision circuitry 410 produced balance enabling signal BC when the cell voltage difference of any two battery units was scheduled to start percent difference above a predetermined starting resistor difference or, the highest or minimum to start the voltage balance of battery program to notify converting unit 420 which cell voltage.
Converting unit 420 comprises a control unit 425, a switch module and an accumulator 440, and wherein the switch module comprises an energy storage switches set 430 and releases energy switches set 435.Energy storage switches set 430 has comprised transistor switch M41, M42, M43, M46.Release and switches set 435 to comprise a transistor switch M44, M45.In the present embodiment, accumulator 440 only uses an inductance L 4, and connecting energy storage switches set 430 and release can switches set 435.Control unit 425 receives a current sense signal CS and produces control signal S41～S46 with corresponding transistor switch M41～M46, with the energy storage of carrying out accumulator 440 and release energy.
Control unit 425 may command energy storage switches set 430, series voltage (or in charging process, then can be the part of charging current or the combination of charging current and battery unit electric power) with battery unit Cell1 and battery unit Cell2 charges with the cell voltage of balancing battery unit Cell1 and battery unit Cell2 to inductance L 4 energy storage and to minimum cell voltage person among battery unit Cell1 and the battery unit Cell2.Be described as follows:
When the voltage of battery unit Cell1 during less than the voltage of battery unit Cell2, control unit 425 produces control signal S41, S43 with turn-on transistor switch M41, M43 and by other transistor switches when first sequential, make inductance L 4 carry out energy storage.Subsequently, control unit 425 with turn-on transistor switch M42, M44 and by other transistor switches, makes inductance L 4 stored electric power be released into battery unit Cell1 by transistor switch M42, M44 at the second timing sequence generating control signal S42, S44.When the voltage of battery unit Cell1 during greater than the voltage of battery unit Cell2, control unit 425 produces control signal S46, S43 with turn-on transistor switch M46, M43 and by other transistor switches when first sequential, make inductance L 4 carry out energy storage.Subsequently, control unit 425 with turn-on transistor switch M45, M46 and by other transistor switches, makes inductance L 4 stored electric power be released into battery unit Cell2 by transistor switch M45, M46 at the second timing sequence generating control signal S45, S46.
Certainly, control unit 425 is may command energy storage switches set 430 also, electric power (or in charging process, then can be the part of charging current or the combination of charging current and battery unit electric power) with the highest cell voltage person among battery unit Cell1 and the battery unit Cell2 comes to inductance L 4 energy storage and among battery unit Cell1 and the battery unit Cell2 low battery voltages person being charged with the cell voltage of balancing battery unit Cell1 and battery unit Cell2.Be described as follows:
When the voltage of battery unit Cell1 during less than the voltage of battery unit Cell2, control unit 425 produces control signal S41, S44 with turn-on transistor switch M41, M44 and by other transistor switches when first sequential, 4 chargings make inductance L 4 energy storage to battery unit Cell2 to inductance L.Subsequently, control unit 425 with turn-on transistor switch M42, M44 and by other transistor switches, makes inductance L 4 stored electric power be released into battery unit Cell1 by transistor switch M42, M44 at the second timing sequence generating control signal S42, S44.When the voltage of battery unit Cell1 during greater than the voltage of battery unit Cell2, control unit 425 produces control signal S43, S46 with turn-on transistor switch M43, M46 and by other transistor switches when first sequential, 4 chargings make inductance L 4 energy storage to battery unit Cell1 to inductance L.Subsequently, control unit 425 with turn-on transistor switch M45, M46 and by other transistor switches, makes inductance L 4 stored electric power be released into battery unit Cell2 by transistor switch M45, M46 at the second timing sequence generating control signal S45, S46.
In the present embodiment, control unit 425 is detected the size of current of the inductance L 4 of flowing through by current sense signal CS, and by this electric current of inductance L 4 being limited within the restriction current value influences to avoid producing excessive electric current or damage battery unit.In addition, control unit 425 also can be with the current stabilization of inductance L 4 near a predetermined current value, and inductance L 4 was in the continuous current pattern and made the speed of power delivery very fast this moment, and shortened the required time of voltage balance of battery.
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of the voltage balance of battery device of fifth embodiment of the invention, please refer to Fig. 7, and wherein the voltage balance of battery device comprises a balance judging unit 500 and a converting unit 520, and connects a plurality of battery unit Cell1, the Cell2 of series connection.Balance judging unit 500 comprises a start-up circuit 505 and a balance of voltage decision circuitry 510, and wherein start-up circuit 505 starts after receiving enabling signal EA, and produces voltage judgement enabling signal EN to start the voltage balance of battery device according to voltage VDD.Balance of voltage decision circuitry 510 is receiving voltage when judging enabling signal EN, begins to operate with according to the anode of cell voltage detection signal DET and series connected battery unit Cell1, Cell2 and the cell voltage that negative terminal is judged each battery unit.If it is balance of voltage decision circuitry 510 produced balance enabling signal BC when the cell voltage difference of any two battery units was scheduled to start percent difference above a predetermined starting resistor difference or, the highest or minimum to start the voltage balance of battery program to notify converting unit 520 which cell voltage.
Converting unit 520 comprises a control unit 525, a switch module and an accumulator 540, wherein the switch module comprise that an energy storage switches set 530 and releases can switches set 535.Energy storage switches set 530 has comprised transistor switch M51, M52 and a linear voltage regulator 532.Release and switches set 535 to comprise a transistor switch M53, M54.In the present embodiment, accumulator 540 only uses a capacitor C 5, and connecting energy storage switches set 530 and release can switches set 535.Control unit 525 corresponding transistor switch M51～M54 produce control signal S51～S54, with the energy storage of carrying out accumulator 540 and release energy.Linear voltage regulator 532 receives a current sense signal CS, is limited in the current value with the electric current of control to capacitor C 5 chargings, provides excessive electric current capacitor C 5 chargings to be caused the influence or the damage of battery unit to avoid battery unit Cell1, Cell2.
When the voltage of battery unit Cell1 during less than the voltage of battery unit Cell2, control unit 525 produces control signal S51 with turn-on transistor switch M51 and by other transistor switches when first sequential, make capacitor C 5 carry out energy storage.Subsequently, control unit 525 with turn-on transistor switch M51, M54 and by other transistor switches, makes capacitor C 5 stored electric power be released into battery unit Cell1 by transistor switch M51, M54 at the second timing sequence generating control signal S51, S54.When the voltage of battery unit Cell1 during greater than the voltage of battery unit Cell2, control unit 525 produces control signal S51 with turn-on transistor switch M51 and by other transistor switches when first sequential, make capacitor C 5 carry out energy storage.Subsequently, control unit 525 with turn-on transistor switch M52, M53 and by other transistor switches, makes capacitor C 5 stored electric power be released into battery unit Cell2 by transistor switch M52, M53 at the second timing sequence generating control signal S52, S53.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described but not limit it, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and these modifications or be equal to replacement and also can not make amended technical scheme break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. voltage balance of battery device comprises:
One balance judging unit connects a plurality of battery units of connecting, and whether described balance judging unit starts a voltage balance of battery program according to the cell voltage decision of each described battery unit; And
One converting unit, have an accumulator and connect described a plurality of battery unit, described accumulator in parallel is contracted in a predetermined value or the predetermined percentage cell voltage difference of any two battery units in described a plurality of battery unit with at least one battery unit charging in to described a plurality of battery units to described accumulator energy storage and selectivity in described voltage balance of battery program.
2. voltage balance of battery device according to claim 1, wherein said converting unit have a switch module, and described switch module carries out with one of following handling procedure when described voltage balance of battery program:
A. described switch module connects described accumulator the highest battery unit of cell voltage to described a plurality of battery units makes described accumulator energy storage, and connect described accumulator to described a plurality of battery units with to described a plurality of battery units chargings;
B. described switch module connects described accumulator makes described accumulator energy storage to described a plurality of battery units, and connects the minimum battery unit of described accumulator cell voltage to described a plurality of battery units with to the minimum described battery unit charging of cell voltage; Or
C. described switch module connects described accumulator the highest battery unit of cell voltage to described a plurality of battery units makes described accumulator energy storage, and connects the minimum battery unit of described accumulator cell voltage to described a plurality of battery units with to the minimum described battery unit charging of cell voltage.
3. voltage balance of battery device according to claim 1, wherein said converting unit comprises a voltage up converting circuit, and boosting in order to the cell voltage according to the battery unit that cell voltage is the highest in described a plurality of battery units makes described accumulator release energy to described a plurality of battery units.
4. voltage balance of battery device according to claim 1, wherein said converting unit comprises a decompression converting circuit, carries out step-down in order to the voltage according to described a plurality of battery units and makes described accumulator release energy to the minimum battery unit of cell voltage in described a plurality of battery units.
5. voltage balance of battery device according to claim 4, wherein said decompression converting circuit comprises a linear voltage regulator, described accumulator comprises an electric capacity, and described linear voltage regulator makes the cross-pressure of described electric capacity arrive a predetermined charge voltages to described capacitance energy storage.
6. according to each described voltage balance of battery device of claim 1-4, wherein said accumulator comprises an inductance, and when described voltage balance of battery program, described converting unit is controlled the electric current of described inductance within a restriction current value.
7. according to each described voltage balance of battery device of claim 1-4, wherein said accumulator comprises an inductance, and when carrying out described voltage balance of battery program, described converting unit is controlled the electric current of described inductance in a predetermined current value.
8. voltage balance of battery device according to claim 2, wherein said switch module comprise an energy storage switches set and and release the energy switches set, and described accumulator can switches set be released energy by the energy storage of described energy storage switches set by described releasing.
9. voltage balance of battery device according to claim 1, wherein said balance judging unit begin whether to start described voltage balance of battery program according to the cell voltage decision of each described battery unit after receiving an enabling signal.
10. voltage balance of battery device according to claim 1, the cell voltage difference of wherein said balance judging unit any two battery units in described a plurality of battery units start described voltage balance of battery program when surpassing a predetermined percentage or a predetermined voltage difference.
11. a battery charger, in order to a battery modules is charged, described battery modules comprises a plurality of battery units of series connection, and described battery charger comprises:
One charging control unit connects a power supply and described battery modules, charges so that a charging current to described battery modules to be provided in order to control described power supply;
One balance judging unit connects described battery modules and whether decision starts a voltage balance of battery program according to the cell voltage of each described battery unit; And
One converting unit, have an accumulator and connect described battery modules, described voltage balance of battery program the electric power of described charging current is stored in described accumulator and to described a plurality of battery units at least one battery unit charging, the cell voltage difference of any two battery units in described a plurality of battery unit is contracted in a predetermined value or the predetermined percentage.
12. battery charger according to claim 11, wherein said converting unit comprise a decompression converting circuit or a voltage up converting circuit.
13. battery charger according to claim 12, wherein said decompression converting circuit comprises a linear voltage regulator and described accumulator comprises an electric capacity, and described linear voltage regulator makes the cross-pressure of described electric capacity arrive a predetermined charge voltages to described capacitance energy storage.
14. battery charger according to claim 11, wherein said accumulator comprises an inductance.
15. producing an enabling signal, battery charger according to claim 11, wherein said charging control unit make described balance judging unit begin operation to determine whether to start described voltage balance of battery program.
16. battery charger according to claim 11, the cell voltage difference of wherein said balance judging unit any two battery units in described a plurality of battery units start described voltage balance of battery program when surpassing a predetermined percentage or a predetermined voltage difference.
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| CN113809812A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-12-17 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Double-battery circuit, control method thereof and electronic equipment |
| CN114649856A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-06-21 | 广州爱申特科技股份有限公司 | High-efficiency charging circuit |
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Application publication date: 20110525 |