CN101935244B - Salt fertilization of water hyacinth fermentation liquor and application thereof - Google Patents
Salt fertilization of water hyacinth fermentation liquor and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101935244B CN101935244B CN2010102603096A CN201010260309A CN101935244B CN 101935244 B CN101935244 B CN 101935244B CN 2010102603096 A CN2010102603096 A CN 2010102603096A CN 201010260309 A CN201010260309 A CN 201010260309A CN 101935244 B CN101935244 B CN 101935244B
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Abstract
The invention relates to salt fertilization of water hyacinth fermentation liquor, which is prepared in such as a way that water hyacinth extrusion juice is placed in an oxic environment for one to two days after anaerobic digestion, and is mixed with a chemical fertilizer. The salt fertilization comprises the following specific steps of: after crushing water hyacinth plants, leading water hyacinth extrusion juice through screw extruding to an oxic fermentation tank and fermenting for 25 to 30 days; after fermentation, putting the fermentation liquid into a fertilizer pit or a biogas pool or a round biogas storage pool, ventilating and standing for 1 to 2 days; and pumping the fermentation liquor in the round biogas storage pool out, directly leading the fermentation liquor into a stirring vessel after stirring the fermentation liquor into a suspension state, adding the chemical fertilizer, and stirring until completely dissolving the chemical fertilizer, wherein the weight ratio of fermentation liquor to the chemical fertilizer is 100 to 0.2-1.4.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dashing and apply fertilizer and application, especially a kind of common water hyacinths fermentation liquor dashes fertilising and uses.
Technical background
General type natural pond liquid mainly is by the resistates behind each type organic process anaerobically fermenting such as people, animal ight soil and agricultural crop straw, is one type of fine organism.Contain abundant nitrogen phosphorus potassium basic nutrition element, and form is main with available nutrient all, so its quick-acting nutritious ability is strong, nutrient is beneficial to crop and absorbs.Contain a certain amount of humic acids and active substance and trace element in the liquid of common natural pond, play a driving role to improving soil physics structure and Soil Fertility Quality, the nitrogen in the liquid of natural pond is prone to absorbed by crop, and is therefore residual low, can reduce pollution.But need filter, clarify before people, animal ight soil and agricultural crop straw class natural pond liquid are used, people, animal ight soil class natural pond liquid is more higher because of concentration, and where applicable also need dilute.Use natural pond liquid and can effectively save the chemical fertilizer expenditure; But because the nutrition composition concentration that natural pond liquid contains is lower; And nutrient is unbalanced, and it is often limited to the effect of increasing production of crop singly to execute natural pond liquid, and too much for a long time, unreasonable using can be caused the soil nitrate-N accumulation; Polluted underground water, and influence agricultural product security production.And the using in a large number of chemical fertilizer can cause that soil compaction, disease and pest increase, utilization rate of fertilizer is low, waste is serious, is that quality of vegetable is low, pesticide residue are high, the first cause of the deterioration of the ecological environment.Simultaneously fertilizer nutrient content is single, often can satisfy big moderate-element and micronutrient levels is not enough, causes the reduction of the vegetables underproduction and quality.
Herba Eichhorniae is a kind of nutrition efficient enriching plant, a large amount of absorbed nitrogen phosphorus potassium of ability and trace element (Zheng Jianchu, Chang Zhizhou keep root, etc. Herba Eichhorniae is administered the FS of Taihu Lake basin water body nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. the Jiangsu agricultural sciences, and 2008,3:247-250).The whereabouts of Herba Eichhorniae is the significant problem of social concerns, and Herba Eichhorniae is pushed, and the extruding juice after the extruding is rich in nitrogen phosphorus potassium and trace element; After carrying out anaerobically fermenting; Nutrient is more quick-acting, easier to be absorbed (He Jiajun, Yan Shaohua, Ye Xiaomei by crop; Deng. Herba Eichhorniae producing methane through anaerobic fermentation Research progress. Jiangsu agricultural journal 2008,24 (3): 359-362).
Herba Eichhorniae extruding juice anaerobically fermenting product, its main nutrient such as N-P-K content are lower than people, animal poultry manure class natural pond liquid, but various nutrient is comprehensive with trace element; And natural pond liquid is the particulate state suspended state, need not to filter, and also need not dilution; Can directly apply the field, therefore use conveniently.Utilize Herba Eichhorniae extruding juice anaerobic fermented liquid (natural pond liquid) to formulate vegetable irrigation and dash fertilising for mother liquor; Both made full use of the Herba Eichhorniae resource, and avoided it arbitrarily to abandon and pollute, simultaneously its anaerobic fermented liquid can the kill harmful germ, suppress the vegetable disease breeding; Simultaneously can also provide vegetable growth than the isostatic nutrient; Promote the growth of vegetables, shorten Time To Market, satisfy the needs that vegetables produce.
Herba Eichhorniae is pushed the common water hyacinths fermentation liquor that forms behind juice anaerobically fermenting product and the chemical fertilizer compound dash fertilising, be used further to vegetables and produce, do not appear in the newspapers at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to; Fertilizer efficiency to existing in the use of present common human and animal excreta class natural pond liquid comparatively fast, is singly executed poor effect; Need before using to filter, dilute and long-term unreasonable soil environment quality and the agricultural product security production problem of influencing of using; And the deficiency of deep development Herba Eichhorniae extruding juice anaerobically fermenting product, provide a kind of common water hyacinths fermentation liquor to dash fertilising and application thereof.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this: a kind of common water hyacinths fermentation liquor dashes fertilising, it is characterized in that: after Herba Eichhorniae is pushed the juice anaerobically fermenting, left standstill 1～2 day at aerobic environment, again with the chemical fertilizer compound after the common water hyacinths fermentation liquor that forms dash fertilising, detailed process is:
A) with after the pulverizing of Herba Eichhorniae plant, the Herba Eichhorniae extruding juice that screw extrusion goes out imports in the anaerobic fermentation tank and ferments, and fermentation time is more than 25 days;
B) after the fermentation ends, fermented liquid is put into fertile hole or natural pond liquid pool or circular natural pond liquid reservoir, and ventilation was left standstill 1～2 day;
C) fermented liquid in the liquid reservoir of circular natural pond is pumped, make fermented liquid be stirred to suspended state after, directly import stirred vessel, add chemical fertilizer, be stirred to chemical fertilizer and dissolve fully; The weight ratio of fermented liquid and chemical fertilizer is: 100: 0.2～1.4.
In the present invention: described circular natural pond liquid reservoir diameter 3～4m, the degree of depth 1～1.5m.
In the present invention: described common water hyacinths fermentation liquor is meant base manure towards applying fertilizer or topdresses; Described chemical fertilizer nitrogenous fertilizer, or phosphate fertilizer, or their combination; When common water hyacinths fermentation liquor dashed fertilising as base manure, the weight ratio of fermented liquid and phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer was: 100: 0.4～0.8: 0.4～0.6; When common water hyacinths fermentation liquor topdressed towards the fertilising conduct, the weight ratio of fermented liquid and nitrogenous fertilizer was: 100: 0.2～0.3.
In the present invention: described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, and described phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate of lime or potassium primary phosphate.
A kind of common water hyacinths fermentation liquor dashes the application of fertilising, it is characterized in that: said common water hyacinths fermentation liquor dashes fertilising and directly applies near the soil the vegetables root system through ditch spread, furrow irrigation mode.
Dash in the application of fertilising at above-mentioned common water hyacinths fermentation liquor: the common water hyacinths fermentation liquor that applies near the soil the vegetables root system dashes fertilising and comprises base manure and topdress; Base manure distributes according to 4: 6～8 with the amount of application that topdresses; Wherein, Topdress to divide in the phase at vegetable growth and carry out for 3～4 times, the time of application of topdressing for the last time is controlled at 6～8 days before the vegetables results.
The invention has the advantages that: because Herba Eichhorniae pushes juice after the anaerobic fermentation tank fermentation is accomplished, nitrogen phosphorus potassium (N, P in the liquid of natural pond
2O
5, K
2O) concentration is respectively: 1200～1800mg/kg, 500～700mg/kg, 2000～3400mg/kg, and nutritive ingredient is higher, as base manure; Add part phosphate fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer, can make the nitrogen that provides in the base manure reach 25～50% of total nitrogen, as topdressing; Add part nitrogenous fertilizer, can make the nitrogen that provides in topdressing reach 50～75% of total nitrogen, can obviously shorten the vegetative period of vegetables; Improve crop quality, and Soil Nitrate is residual few; Herba Eichhorniae extruding juice anaerobically fermenting after aerobic environment leaves standstill 1～2 day, and need not before the chemical fertilizer compound to filter, and also need not dilution, and processing is very convenient.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Preparation of fermentation liquid
The whole strain plant of Herba Eichhorniae is after the screw extrusion press extruding; Extruding juice is carried out acidity adjustment, and get into the fermentor tank anaerobically fermenting after adding anaerobically fermenting cultivation detonator, after fully fermenting 25 days; Fermented liquid is emitted; Import diameter 3.5m, ventilation was left standstill 2 days in the circular natural pond liquid reservoir of degree of depth 1.2m (also can import fertile hole or natural pond liquid pool), obtained fermented liquid.
Embodiment 2
A, experimental group (all by every mu of consumption allotment, down together)
Base manure
The fermented liquids that 4000 kilograms of embodiment 1 obtain, add 16 kilograms in urea and 16 kilograms of potassium primary phosphates (or 30 kilograms of superphosphate of lime, the phosphorus application amount between them is identical, down with), mix the back and form base manure.
Topdress
8000 kilograms of fermented liquids that embodiment 1 obtains add 16 kilograms in urea, mix back formation and topdress.
B, pure fertilizer group
Base manure
4000 kg of water add 29 kilograms in urea and 26.5 kilograms of potassium primary phosphates (or superphosphate of lime 50 kilograms), mix the back and form base manure.
Topdress
8000 kg of water add 20 kilograms in urea, mix back formation and topdress.
C, pure fermented liquid group
Base manure
4000 kilograms of fermented liquids that embodiment 1 obtains.
Topdress
8000 kilograms of fermented liquids that embodiment 1 obtains.
(the amount of application correspondence of nitrogen and phosphorus is identical in the base manure of experimental group and pure fertilizer group, and the nitrogen amount of application correspondence in topdressing is identical, down together)
Use crop
Lettuce.
TP:
As control group, carry out parallel test with experimental group with pure fertilizer group and pure fermented liquid group, every group is provided with four repetitions.
Base manure with each group adopts the ditch spread mode all to apply in the vegetable field earlier; Apply root soil at will topdress in preceding 6 days branch three times of seedling stage, rosette state, the results of lettuce through the furrow irrigation mode then, each amount of application is respectively: 2500 kilograms, 4000 kilograms, 1500 kilograms.
Visible by the parallel test result: each repeats to gather in the crops in four batches according to the ripe amount of lettuce, and first three batch of experimental group pure fermented liquid output of rate ratio is lower slightly, and first has improved 40.2% (seeing table 1) than pure fertilizer group, has shortened Time To Market.
The ultimate production experimental group of lettuce is the highest, and experimental group increases by 12.6% than pure fertilizer group, increases by 2.1% (seeing table 1) than pure fermented liquid group; The quality of lettuce is best with experimental group, removes the experimental group soluble sugar and reduces by 28.0% than control group, improves outside 8.1% than pure natural pond liquid fermentation group; Vc content is the highest with experimental group, and experimental group increases by 4.8% than pure fertilizer group, increases by 28.4% than pure natural pond liquid fermentation group; The aminoacids content experimental group is the highest, and experimental group increases by 1.4% than pure fertilizer, increases by 58.2% than pure fermented liquid group; Nitrate content is minimum with experimental group, and experimental group reduces by 16.87% than pure fertilizer, reduces by 3.1% (seeing table 2) than pure fermented liquid group; The basic physicochemical character and the heavy metal content of soil are seen table 3 and table 4.
Table 1 lettuce output (ton/hectare)
| Handle | First | Second batch | The 3rd batch | The 4th batch | Ultimate production |
| The pure fertilizer group | 7.22 | 9.85 | 9.15 | 8.82 | 35.04 |
| Experimental group | 10.12 | 10.33 | 9.39 | 9.63 | 39.47 |
| Pure fermented liquid group | 10.93 | 10.59 | 10.95 | 6.19 | 38.66 |
Table 2 lettuce quality
The basic physicochemical character of table 3 soil
The heavy metal content of table 4 lettuce
Embodiment 3:
A, experimental group
Base manure
The fermented liquids that 3000 kilograms of embodiment 1 obtain add 12 kilograms in urea and 12 kilograms of potassium primary phosphates (or superphosphate of lime 22.5 kilograms), mix the back and form base manure.
Topdress
7000 kilograms of fermented liquids that embodiment 1 obtains add 14 kilograms in urea, mix back formation and topdress.
B, pure fertilizer group
Base manure
3000 kg of water add 22 kilograms in urea and 20 kilograms of potassium primary phosphates (or superphosphate of lime 37.5 kilograms), mix the back and form base manure.
Topdress
7000 kg of water add 18 kilograms in urea, mix back formation and topdress.
C, pure fermented liquid group
Base manure
3000 kilograms of fermented liquids that embodiment 1 obtains.
Topdress
7000 kilograms of fermented liquids that embodiment 1 obtains.
Use crop
Yam.
TP:
As control group, carry out parallel test with experimental group with pure fertilizer group and pure fermented liquid group, every group is provided with three repetitions.
Base manure with each group adopts the ditch spread mode all to apply in the vegetable field earlier; Apply root soil at will topdress in preceding 15 days branch three times of seedling stage, expanding stage, the results of yam through the furrow irrigation mode then, each amount of application is respectively: 2000 kilograms, 3500 kilograms, 1500 kilograms.
Visible by the parallel test result: the ultimate production experimental group of yam is the highest, and experimental group increases by 22.0% than pure fertilizer group, increases by 84.5% than pure fermented liquid group; The single potato of yam is minimum less than the ratio experimental group of 50 grams; Experimental group is than pure fertilizer group low 1.4%; Lower by 11.4% than pure fermented liquid group, the ratio experimental group of single potato 100～150 grams of yam is the highest, and experimental group is higher by 1.9% than pure fertilizer; Higher by 2.7% than pure fermented liquid group, other single potato of yam is heavily seen table 5; In the soil different levels soil nitrate nitrogen content except that the 0-10cm layer with pure fermented liquid group minimum, 10-20cm, 20-40cm and 40-60cm layer are all minimum with experimental group.
Table 5 potato yield and single potato are heavy
Table 6 different levels soil nitrate nitrogen content
Embodiment 4
A, experimental group
Base manure
The fermented liquids that 4000 kilograms of embodiment 1 obtain add 16 kilograms in urea and 16 kilograms of potassium primary phosphates (or superphosphate of lime 30 kilograms), mix the back and form base manure.
Topdress
6000 kilograms of fermented liquids that embodiment 1 obtains add 15 kilograms in urea, mix back formation and topdress.
B, pure fertilizer group
Base manure
25 kilograms of 29 kilograms in 4000 kg of water adding urea and potassium primary phosphates mix the back and form base manure.
Topdress
6000 kg of water add 15 kilograms in urea, mix the back and form base manure.
C, pure fermented liquid group
Base manure
4000 kilograms of fermented liquids that embodiment 1 obtains.
Topdress
6000 kilograms of fermented liquids that embodiment 1 obtains.
Use crop
Leek.
TP:
As control group, carry out parallel test with experimental group with pure fertilizer group and pure fermented liquid group, every group is provided with three repetitions.
Base manure with each group adopts the ditch spread mode all to apply in the vegetable field earlier, and each harvesting is one-period, and topdress applied in seeding stage period 1, results in preceding 4 days, and one-period harvesting back gathers in the crops with this cycle and applied in preceding 4 days before the subsequent cycle; Each cycle sowing amount is 2000 kilograms every mu, and the mode of watering with replacement is irrigated and applied near the soil leek root system.
Visible by the parallel test result: the output experimental group of leek is the highest; Experimental group rate ratio pure fertilizer is high by 12.5%; Than pure fermented liquid group high by 9.5% (seeing table 7), shortened 2 day than pure fertilizer group the vegetative period of experimental group leek, and the plant height experimental group of leek is the highest; Experimental group is higher by 19.5% than pure fertilizer, and is higher by 5.2% than pure fermented liquid group.
Table 7 Different Fertilization is to the influence of leek growth
| Handle | Output (ton/hectare) | Average every batch of vegetative period (my god) | Plant height (cm) |
| The pure fertilizer group | 2.16 | 11 | 32.3 |
| Experimental group | 2.43 | 9 | 38.6 |
| Pure fermented liquid group | 2.22 | 8 | 36.7 |
More than each embodiment be not to concrete restriction of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a common water hyacinths fermentation liquor dashes fertilising, it is characterized in that: after Herba Eichhorniae is pushed the juice anaerobically fermenting, left standstill 1～2 day at aerobic environment, again with the chemical fertilizer compound after the common water hyacinths fermentation liquor that forms dash fertilising, detailed process is:
A) with after the pulverizing of Herba Eichhorniae plant, the Herba Eichhorniae extruding juice that screw extrusion goes out imports in the anaerobic fermentation tank and ferments fermentation time 25～30 days;
B) after the fermentation ends, fermented liquid is put into fertile hole or natural pond liquid pool or circular natural pond liquid reservoir, and ventilation was left standstill 1～2 day;
C) fermented liquid in the liquid reservoir of circular natural pond is pumped, fermented liquid is stirred to suspended state after, directly import stirred vessel, add chemical fertilizer, be stirred to chemical fertilizer and dissolve fully; The weight ratio of fermented liquid and chemical fertilizer is: 100: 0.2～1.4;
Described chemical fertilizer is a nitrogenous fertilizer, or phosphate fertilizer, or their combination.
2. common water hyacinths fermentation liquor according to claim 1 dashes fertilising, it is characterized in that: described circular natural pond liquid reservoir diameter 3～4m, the degree of depth 1～1.5m.
3. common water hyacinths fermentation liquor according to claim 1 dashes fertilising, it is characterized in that: when common water hyacinths fermentation liquor dashed fertilising as base manure, the weight ratio of fermented liquid and phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer was: 100: 0.4～0.8: 0.4～0.6; When common water hyacinths fermentation liquor topdressed towards the fertilising conduct, the weight ratio of fermented liquid and nitrogenous fertilizer was: 100: 0.2～0.3.
4. common water hyacinths fermentation liquor according to claim 3 dashes fertilising, and it is characterized in that: described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, and described phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate of lime or potassium primary phosphate.
5. a common water hyacinths fermentation liquor dashes the application of applying fertilizer, and it is characterized in that: said common water hyacinths fermentation liquor dashes fertilising and directly applies near the soil the vegetables root system through ditch spread, furrow irrigation mode.
6. dash the application of fertilising according to the said common water hyacinths fermentation liquor of claim 5; It is characterized in that: common water hyacinths fermentation liquor dashes fertilising as base manure or topdress and apply near the soil the vegetables root system; Base manure distributes according to 4: 6～8 with the amount of application that topdresses; Wherein, topdress to divide in the phase at vegetable growth and carry out for 3～4 times, the time of application of topdressing for the last time is controlled at 6～15 days before the vegetables results.
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| CN101935244B true CN101935244B (en) | 2012-08-22 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102674934B (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2014-01-22 | 昆明学院 | Water-retaining amino acid bio-organic fertilizer prepared from water hyacinth |
| CN102771520B (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2014-01-08 | 广西山云生化科技有限公司 | Plant yield increasing agent, preparation method thereof and applications in increasing yield of vegetable plants |
| CN109836198A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-06-04 | 陈平 | The preparation method in efficient organic NPK collection Hefei |
| CN109836239A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-06-04 | 陈平 | Organic antiviral high-efficiency nitrogen fertilizer of one kind and preparation method thereof |
| CN109160694A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-08 | 福建光宇环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method of a variety of pollution factor integrated treatments in water hyacinth squeezing juice |
| CN109650950A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-19 | 环创(厦门）科技股份有限公司 | The recycling treatment process of water hyacinth |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1442395A (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2003-09-17 | 上海交通大学 | Method of preparing water hyacinth organic fertilizer |
| CN101037355A (en) * | 2007-04-28 | 2007-09-19 | 广东琪田农药化工有限公司 | Plant leaf fertilizer confected by hyacinth zymolysis liquid |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS59184783A (en) * | 1983-04-04 | 1984-10-20 | 日立機電工業株式会社 | Treatment and regeneration of eichhornia crassipes |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1442395A (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2003-09-17 | 上海交通大学 | Method of preparing water hyacinth organic fertilizer |
| CN101037355A (en) * | 2007-04-28 | 2007-09-19 | 广东琪田农药化工有限公司 | Plant leaf fertilizer confected by hyacinth zymolysis liquid |
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