CN101862886B - Hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method and realization device thereof - Google Patents
Hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method and realization device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101862886B CN101862886B CN2010101966942A CN201010196694A CN101862886B CN 101862886 B CN101862886 B CN 101862886B CN 2010101966942 A CN2010101966942 A CN 2010101966942A CN 201010196694 A CN201010196694 A CN 201010196694A CN 101862886 B CN101862886 B CN 101862886B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method and a realization device thereof, which belong to the technical field of welding. The invention solves the problems of low welding efficiency and low welding quality in the existing consumable electrode gas protection welding method and the device for realizing the welding method caused by incapability of realizing the reasonable distribution of welding wires and hot input of fusing tanks. The welding method comprises the following steps: placing the tail end of the consumable electrode welding wire near a part to be welded of a work piece to be welded; forming a main arc between the tail end of the consumable electrode welding wire and the surface to be welded of the work piece to be welded under the effect of a constant voltage welding power supply for realizing the welding; placing the tail end of a conductive annular sleeve of a welding gun near the side wall of the consumable electrode welding wire in the welding process; and forming a preheating electric arc between the tail end of the conductive annular sleeve of the welding gun and the side wall of the consumable electrode welding wire under the effect of a constant current welding power supply for realizing the preheating on the consumable electrode welding wire. The realization device consists of the constant current power supply, the constant voltage welding power supply and the welding gun. The invention is used for the implementation of the gas protection welding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method and implement device thereof, belong to welding technology field.
Background technology
Along with the continuous progress of manufacturing fast development and solder technology, Welding Structure has obtained using widely.Because the welding engineering amount is very huge, the operating efficiency of traditional welding method can not satisfy the demand of weld task, and therefore various welded and high efficient methods become the research focus.In numerous welding methods, gas metal-arc welding easily is automated, can carries out advantage such as all-position welding, energy-conservation and joint quality be good because of it, and is widely used in the high efficiency welding method.In the welding method of existing gas metal-arc welding; The high efficiency means that adopt comprise: use the protection of multi component mixed gas body, increase welding current and use composite heat power supply etc., T.1.M.E high efficiency welding procedure commonly used has (Transfer Ionized Motlen Energy) weldering, the big current MAG weldering of magnetic control, mariages/multifibres weldering and double-sided arc welding etc.T.I.M.E. welding procedure is to adopt big stem elongation and quaternary protective gas to change the form of welding arc; The stress of molten drop is changed; Obtain to stablize the rotating jet transient process; But it is very limited to the raising of deposition efficiency that its defective is a protective gas, and the expensive price of employed protective gas has also limited the widespread adoption of this technology; The multifibres multiarc welding can realize the compound weldering of single face multi sphere, and this welding method has significantly improved speed of welding, and the heat input of unit interval inside weld is reduced; The welded and high efficient that can be used for thin plate; But its complex process equipment, the mutual serious interference between the multi sphere, wayward; The mode that increases welding current can improve welding efficiency, but also can cause the droplet transfer bad stability, produces forming defectses such as undercut, hump.Under the situation that does not change welding current, the input of the heat in reasonable distribution welding wire and molten bath becomes the key point of efficient melting electrode welding method thus.
In sum, existing welding method makes welding efficiency low owing to can not realize the heat input in reasonable distribution welding wire and molten bath, and welding quality is not high.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve in welding method that has gas metal-arc welding now and the device of the realizing welding method; Owing to can not realize the heat input in reasonable distribution welding wire and molten bath; Make welding efficiency low; The problem that welding quality is not high provides a kind of hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method and implement device thereof.
The present invention is a kind of hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method; It adopts the CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply and the constant voltage source of welding current to implement; The cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply is connected with the conductive ring set of welding gun; The cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply is connected with the electrode holder of welding gun, and the consumable electrode welding wire is clipped on the electrode holder of welding gun; The cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current is connected with the electrode holder of welding gun, and the cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current is connected with workpiece to be welded, and its welding method is:
With the end of consumable electrode welding wire position to be welded near workpiece to be welded, under the effect of the constant voltage source of welding current, form minor arc between the surface to be welded of the end of consumable electrode welding wire and workpiece to be welded, realize welding;
In welding process; With the end of the conductive ring set of welding gun sidewall near the consumable electrode welding wire; Under the effect of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply, form preheating electric arc between the sidewall of the end of the conductive ring set of welding gun and consumable electrode welding wire, realize preheating to the consumable electrode welding wire.
The device of realization said method is made up of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply, the constant voltage source of welding current and welding gun; The cathode output end of said CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply connects the conductive ring set of welding gun; The cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply connects the electrode holder of welding gun; The electrode holder of welding gun is positioned on the axis of conductive ring set, and the space in the middle of electrode holder and the conductive ring set is a preheating arc protection gas passage; The conductive ring set lower end of welding gun is tapering type, is uniform discharging gap between said conductive ring set lower end and the electrode holder sidewall; Conductive ring set also is provided with the gas shield cover outward, and conductive ring set is coaxial with the gas shield cover, forms minor arc protective gas passage between conductive ring set and the gas shield cover; The cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current connects the electrode holder of welding gun.
Advantage of the present invention is: the present invention adopts the CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply that the consumable electrode welding wire is carried out preheating, and in the time of preheating, electric arc makes welding quality be improved to the cleaning action of the cathode of consumable electrode welding wire.Consumable electrode welding wire through preheating self has had very big heat, when welding, no longer needs minor arc that very big electric current is provided; Welding wire can melt very soon; And be filled in the molten bath of workpiece to be welded, reducing of minor arc welding current can directly reduce the heat input of workpiece to be welded; The heat that makes two electric arcs produce is distributed on the consumable electrode welding wire more, has improved quality of weld seam molding when improving welding efficiency.Drawn by experiment and analysis, under same welding conditions, the inventive method is used preheating electric arc; Increase the heat input of welding wire, improved the burn-off rate of welding wire, made the deposition rate of welding improve more than 100%; Deposition efficiency improves more than 80%, and speed of welding improves more than 30%, and it applies to the heat wire method welding in the gas metal-arc welding; The method cost is low, and a kind of high efficiency means of new gas metal-arc welding are provided.
The implement device of welding method according to the invention is simple in structure; Control easily; It comes to provide respectively the discharge power supply of minor arc and preheating electric arc by two sources of welding current, and two electric arcs division of labor of formation are clear and definite, can not form coupling electric arc; The use of preheating electric arc effectively raises welding quality, and then welding efficiency is improved greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is when realizing welding method of the present invention, and the position between each parts concerns sketch map, and among the figure, A represents minor arc, and B represents preheating electric arc; Fig. 2 is the structural representation of device of the present invention, and representative shown in the arrow feeds the flow direction of protective gas among the figure.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: this embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; This embodiment adopts the CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 and the constant voltage source of welding current 2 to implement; The cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 is connected with the conductive ring set 5-2 of welding gun 5; The cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 is connected with the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5, and consumable electrode welding wire 3 is clipped on the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5; The cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current 2 is connected with the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5, and the cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current 2 is connected with workpiece 4 to be welded, and its welding method is:
With the end of consumable electrode welding wire 3 position to be welded near workpiece 4 to be welded, under the effect of the constant voltage source of welding current 2, form minor arc between the surface to be welded of the end of consumable electrode welding wire 3 and workpiece to be welded 4, realize welding;
In welding process; With the end of the conductive ring set 5-2 of welding gun 5 sidewall near consumable electrode welding wire 3; Under the effect of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1, form preheating electric arc between the end of the conductive ring set 5-2 of welding gun 5 and the sidewall of consumable electrode welding wire 3, realize preheating to consumable electrode welding wire 3.
Said minor arc adopts GPF (General Protection False gas to protect.
Said preheating electric arc adopts inert gas to protect.
Operation principle: the electric current of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 output successively by the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1, to consumable electrode welding wire 3, form the loop to the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1; For consumable electrode welding wire 3 provides preheating electric arc; Adopt inert gas that preheating electric arc is protected, make preheating electric arc carry out preheating and welding wire cleaning consumable electrode welding wire 3; The electric current of the constant voltage source of welding current 2 output successively by the cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current 2, to consumable electrode welding wire 3, to workpiece to be welded 4, form the loop to the cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current 2 minor arc be provided; Adopt protective gas that minor arc is protected; Minor arc is acted between consumable electrode welding wire 3 and the workpiece to be welded 4; With consumable electrode welding wire 3 and workpiece 4 fusings to be welded, form the molten bath, realize welding.
In this embodiment; The preheating electric arc that CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 provides can reduce the moisture on consumable electrode welding wire 3 surfaces to the preheating of consumable electrode welding wire 3, plays welding wire cleaning effect; Simultaneously with consumable electrode welding wire 3 as negative pole; Preheating electric arc can be brought into play cleaning action of the cathode, and the smooth combustion under the protection of inert atmosphere of preheating electric arc also is improved welding quality when increasing welding efficiency.This embodiment is particularly suitable for the welding of high conductivity material such as aluminium, copper, and the resistance heat of this type material stem elongation seldom almost can be ignored the fusing effect of welding wire and not remember; The introducing of preheating electric arc; Under equal welding current, can improve the burn-off rate of consumable electrode welding wire 3, thereby increase speed of welding; Improve deposition rate, reach the purpose of welded and high efficient.
Know that by shown in Figure 1 the preheating electric arc that CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 produces does not act on workpiece 4 to be welded, just consumable electrode welding wire 3 is carried out The pre-heat treatment.The minor arc that is produced by the constant voltage source of welding current 2 plays consumable electrode welding wire 3 and workpiece 4 fusings to be welded, forms the effect in molten bath.
The inventive method has realized the high deposition rate of welding, and under same welding conditions, but the weld diameter of consumable electrode welding wire 3 is increased, welding efficiency is improved; Owing to reasonably distributed the heat input of consumable electrode welding wire 3 and workpiece 4 to be welded, appearance of weld defectives such as hump, undercut be effectively controlled; To the preliminary treatment of consumable electrode welding wire 3, help to form high-quality weld seam, reduce the formation of weld defects such as welding pore.
This embodiment uses two independently sources of welding current, makes electric arc independently to control, convenient adjusting preheating electric arc.In the selection of protective gas, can select suitable protective gas according to the material and the thickness of workpiece 4 to be welded.
The specific embodiment two: this embodiment is the further qualification to embodiment one, and minor arc adopts CO in this embodiment
2Gas or other mist are protected.Other is identical with embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: this embodiment is the further qualification to embodiment one, and preheating electric arc adopts Ar gas to protect in this embodiment.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Between the conductive ring set 5-2 of welding gun 5 and electrode holder 5-3, feed protective gas Ar and protect preheating electric arc, can avoid preheating electric arc and consumable electrode welding wire 3 to receive the infringement of gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen.Regulate the parameter of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1, guarantee the smooth combustion under the inert atmosphere protection of Ar of preheating electric arc, consumable electrode welding wire 3 is sent constantly into through wire feeder, after the preheating through preheating electric arc, and produces the welding minor arc between the workpiece to be welded 4.The heat of minor arc forms molten drop after consumable electrode welding wire 3 is constantly melted, and stablizes to carry out the transition to the molten bath, and wire-feed motor is sent constantly into consumable electrode welding wire 3, promptly accomplishes continuous welding process.
The specific embodiment four: this embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 2; This embodiment is the implement device of embodiment one, two or three described hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding methods; It is made up of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1, the constant voltage source of welding current 2 and welding gun 5; The cathode output end of said CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 connects the conductive ring set 5-2 of welding gun 5; The cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 connects the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5, and the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5 is positioned on the axis of conductive ring set 5-2, and the space in the middle of electrode holder 5-3 and the conductive ring set 5-2 is a preheating arc protection gas passage; The conductive ring set 5-2 lower end of welding gun 5 is tapering type, is uniform discharging gap between said conductive ring set 5-2 lower end and the electrode holder 5-3 sidewall; Conductive ring set 5-2 also is provided with gas shield cover 5-1 outward, and conductive ring set 5-2 is coaxial with gas shield cover 5-1, forms minor arc protective gas passage between conductive ring set 5-2 and the gas shield cover 5-1; The cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current 2 connects the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5.
The said device of this embodiment in use; Consumable electrode welding wire 3 is clipped on the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5; The conductive ring set 5-2 lower end of welding gun 5 dwindles gradually; Be used for forming discharging gap with consumable electrode welding wire 3, produce the preheating electric arc that is used for consumable electrode welding wire 3 is carried out preheating and cleaning, the formed inner space of conductive ring set 5-2 of welding gun 5 is used for feeding inert gas to realize the protection to preheating electric arc; The formed gas passage outline of conductive ring set 5-2 of gas shield cover 5-1 and welding gun 5 is longer than the formed gas passage of conductive ring set 5-2, and its inner protective gas that minor arc is protected that feeds can be realized the minor arc better protection.
Claims (6)
1. hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method; It adopts the CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1) and the constant voltage source of welding current (2) to implement; It is characterized in that: the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1) is connected with the conductive ring set (5-2) of welding gun (5); The cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1) is connected with the electrode holder (5-3) of welding gun (5), and consumable electrode welding wire (3) is clipped on the electrode holder (5-3) of welding gun (5); The cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current (2) is connected with the electrode holder (5-3) of welding gun (5), and the cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current (2) is connected with workpiece to be welded (4), and its welding method is:
With the end of consumable electrode welding wire (3) position to be welded near workpiece to be welded (4), under the effect of the constant voltage source of welding current (2), form minor arc between the surface to be welded of the end of consumable electrode welding wire (3) and workpiece to be welded (4), realize welding;
In welding process; With the end of the conductive ring set (5-2) of welding gun (5) sidewall near consumable electrode welding wire (3); Under the effect of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1); Form preheating electric arc between the end of the conductive ring set (5-2) of welding gun (5) and the sidewall of consumable electrode welding wire (3), realize preheating consumable electrode welding wire (3).
2. hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said minor arc adopts protective gas to protect.
3. hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said minor arc adopts CO
2Gas is protected.
4. hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said preheating electric arc adopts inert gas to protect.
5. hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said preheating electric arc adopts Ar gas to protect.
6. device of realizing any described hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method among the claim 1-5; It is characterized in that: it is made up of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1), the constant voltage source of welding current (2) and welding gun (5); The cathode output end of said CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1) connects the conductive ring set (5-2) of welding gun (5); The cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1) connects the electrode holder (5-3) of welding gun (5); The electrode holder (5-3) of welding gun (5) is positioned on the axis of conductive ring set (5-2), and the space in the middle of electrode holder (5-3) and the conductive ring set (5-2) is a preheating arc protection gas passage; Conductive ring set (5-2) lower end of welding gun (5) is tapering type, is uniform discharging gap between said conductive ring set (5-2) lower end and electrode holder (5-3) sidewall; Conductive ring set (5-2) is outer also to be provided with gas shield cover (5-1), and conductive ring set (5-2) is coaxial with gas shield cover (5-1), forms minor arc protective gas passage between conductive ring set (5-2) and the gas shield cover (5-1); The cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current (2) connects the electrode holder (5-3) of welding gun (5).
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