CN101829211B - Fish compound traditional Chinese medicinal preparation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fish compound traditional Chinese medicinal preparation and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fish compound traditional Chinese medicinal preparation prepared from raw materials including rhubarb, acanthopanax, radix astragali, hawthorn and liquorice according a certain weight ratio. A method for preparing fish compound traditional Chinese medicinal preparation comprises the following steps of: A. washing and drying the rhubarb, the acanthopanax, the radix astragali, the hawthorn and the liquorice in the sun; B. respectively crushing and sieving the rhubarb, the acanthopanax, the radix astragali, the hawthorn and the liquorice to ensure the granularity reaches 140-200 mu; and C. weighing up the rhubarb, the acanthopanax, the radix astragali, the hawthorn and the liquorice according to the ratio and mixing and subpackaging after uniformly mixed to obtain the fish compound traditional Chinese medicinal preparation. The method has the advantages of feasibility, convenient operation, reasonable formulation and convenient use; traditional Chinese medicines have wide sources, low price, remarkable effects and no toxic or side effects; various components mutually act; and the invention simultaneously has two properties of nutrition and medicament, not only contains nutrient substances, but also has components with antibacterial activity and other bioactivities, can improve the metabolism of cultivated fishes, promote the growth and the development, improve the immunologic function, prevent and treat diseases and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquatic animal disease control (fisheries drug) technical field, more specifically relate to a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, also relate to the preparation method of a kind of fish simultaneously with herbal mediciment.This agent has widely application as animal feed additive on aquaculture and Aquatic product.
Background technology
Reach the flourish of culture fishery along with the aquaculture total output is constantly soaring, the rapid raising of high yield, high-density breeding ratio and the deterioration of environmental condition, pathogen kind, frequency of disease development and the extent of injury of harm Aquatic product economic animal also increase year by year, China just reaches 10,000,000,000 yuan because of the direct economic loss that the aquiculture disease problem causes every year according to statistics, and on the rise; The generation of disease has become one of key factor of serious restriction culture fishery development.Be spreading of reply fish disease, a large amount of splashing of fish insect killing medicine are used, multiple antibiotic abuse and external sterilization medicine are splashed etc., though disease is had certain control action, but often cause drug resistance, the drug residue of pathogenic microorganism, even cause the equilibrated destruction of whole water ecological setting.
Be used for the medicine that aquatic animal disease control has human body immunity improving power concurrently at present " QISHEN MIANYISAN " (Ministry of Agriculture's promulgation in 2006 " the veterinary drug provincial standard rises first of national standard ") arranged; the immune polysaccharide of reports such as Li Zhaowen is to being exempted from the potentiation of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) immune protective efficiency; Hua Zhong Agriculture University's journal; 2007; 26 (1): 80-84; the pachyman of report such as Qin Chuanjie is to the immunoregulation effect of Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann) non-specific immunity; fresh water fishery; 2006; 36 (6): 40-43; the Radix Astragali of report such as Zhou Xianqing is to the influence of Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann) immunity and antiacid stress ability; aquatile journal 2003,1 (27) 110-112, the medicine ubiquity cost height in above product and the report; no cost performance advantage is difficult to large scale application.Chinese powder medicine powder specification commonly used at present is about 80 orders (particle diameter 180 μ m), because the distinctive digestive physiological characteristics of aquatic animal, intestinal is shorter, and part does not have stomach, medicine is compared very short in the gastral holdup time with other animal, low to cellulosic digestion power, the digestive enzyme in the Digestive system can only leach the seldom a part of effective ingredient in the medicine under the influence of drug cell wall, the absorption rate of medicine is low, unit volume amount consumption is big, and it is slow to take effect, and causes very big waste.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, prescription is reasonable, and easy to use, resources of Chinese medicinal herb is extensive, cheap, effect is remarkable, and no any poison is secondary, each component interaction, have two kinds of attributes of nutrition and medicine concurrently, promptly contain nutrient substance, have the composition of antibacterial activity and other biologic activity again, can improve the cultured fishes metabolism, promote growth promoter, improve its immunologic function, disease preventing and treating etc.
Another object of the present invention is the preparation method that has been to provide a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, and this is easy to implement the method, and is easy to operate, is particularly useful for intensification, the needs of scale production of current aquaculture.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
Medicine used in the present invention not only has direct inhibition and killing action to pathogenic microorganism, the more important thing is the immune system of Fish is adjusted, improve the anti-stress ability and the immune function of aquatic animal, can effectively solve the infectious disease of aquatic animal syndrome that causes by Aeromonas hydrophila, column Flavobacterium, vibrio, tarda, streptococcus, Nocard's bacillus and fungus, virus etc., efficiently solve the situation that famous-brand and high-quality Fish stubborn disease pasts medical help.
A kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, it is by making with following weight percentages:
Raw material weight percentage ratio (%)
Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 35-65
Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 7-35
Radix Astragali 8-34
Fructus Crataegi 4-17
Radix Glycyrrhizae 3-17.
A kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, it is by make (better scope) with following weight percentages:
Raw material weight percentage ratio (%)
Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 40-60
Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 10-30
Radix Astragali 10-30
Fructus Crataegi 5-15
Radix Glycyrrhizae 5-15.
A kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, it is by make (preferably scope) with following weight percentages:
Raw material weight percentage ratio (%)
Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 45-55
Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 14-25
Radix Astragali 14-25
Fructus Crataegi 9-13
Radix Glycyrrhizae 8-12.
A kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, it is by make (optimum range) with following weight percentages:
Raw material weight percentage ratio (%)
Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 50
Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 20
The Radix Astragali 15
Fructus Crataegi 10
Radix Glycyrrhizae 5.
A kind of preparation method of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations the steps include:
A, with Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, the Radix Astragali, Fructus Crataegi, Radix Glycyrrhizae clean, dry, dry (with the moisture Control in Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, the Radix Astragali, Fructus Crataegi, the Radix Glycyrrhizae at moisture 4-8%) (Chinese medicine of the five flavours material raw material is all from native drug of Laifeng County, enshi);
B, respectively Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, the Radix Astragali, Fructus Crataegi, Radix Glycyrrhizae are pulverized, sieve, granularity requirements reach the 140-200 order (through conventional dry, pulverize be prepared from);
C, take by weighing Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, the Radix Astragali, Fructus Crataegi, Radix Glycyrrhizae in proportion and mix, packing behind the mix homogeneously promptly gets a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations.
The present invention adopts superfine communication technique, the powder specification more than 150 orders (particle diameter 90 μ m), fine size, surface area increases, and porosity increases, and adsorptivity strengthens, dissolubility strengthens, it is big that affinity becomes, and chemical reaction rate increases, and medicine can be better by gastrointestinal absorption, drug dose is few, instant effect, short treating period has improved bioavailability greatly.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and effect:
A, in the side Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei with antibiotic antitoxin; Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi has resisting fatigue, anoxia enduring, antiinflammatory, enhance immunity, has significant preventive effect, the Radix Astragali to have the adjusting immunologic function to leukopenia; Fructus Crataegi is with promoting digestion and removing stagnation; Radix Glycyrrhizae with middle emergency, the detoxifcation.The fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations is under the requirement of advocating healthy, nuisanceless aquatic products production; adopt pure Chinese medicinal preparation; from the group prescription; the resources of Chinese medicinal herb of selecting for use is extensive; cheap, advantage such as effect is remarkable, and is without any side effects; the intensification, the needs of scale production that are particularly useful for current aquaculture are the unique choice drugs of present cultured fishes disease colony's control.Consumption of the present invention is selected according to following principle, and according to using object, application target, the dosage of medicine is determined in dialectical difference, can be little as the prophylactic consumption, and the medicine for treatment consumption can be big.Fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations of the present invention is according to above-mentioned mechanism, adopting Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, the Radix Astragali, Fructus Crataegi, six kinds of medicines of Radix Glycyrrhizae is prescription, by regulating the body metabolism, improve body to the resistance of the destructive stimulus factor and the adaptability and the toleration of body, improve the body non-specific immunity, the control of unmanageable Fish viral disease is had significant curative effect.And wide material sources, advantage such as the medicine source is abundant, and cheap, curative effect is reliable, and is easy to use, without any side effects.
B, employing usual manner pulverizing (low speed pulverizing) administration in the sick control of aquatic animal disease at present, because the distinctive digestive physiological characteristics of aquatic animal, intestinal is shorter, part does not have stomach, medicine is compared very short in the gastral holdup time with other animal, low to cellulosic digestion power, digestive enzyme in the Digestive system is under the influence of drug cell wall, seldom a part of effective ingredient in the medicine can only be leached, the absorption rate of medicine is low, unit volume amount consumption is big, and it is slow to take effect, and causes very big waste.The present invention adopts superfine communication technique processing administration, because after the cell wall breaking, its granularity fine and even, effective ingredient in the medical material can fully discharge, and surface area increases, and porosity increases, adsorptivity strengthens, and dissolubility strengthens, and it is big that affinity becomes, chemical reaction rate increases, medicine can be better by gastrointestinal absorption, and drug dose is few, instant effect, short treating period has improved bioavailability greatly.
The drug effect statistical analysis:
1, the big pool of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations effect: select Chinese south, XIANTAO, Ctenopharyngodon idellus intensive culture area, yellow pond and Carassius auratus intensive culture area, Yancheng, Jiangsu, carried out the prevention effect test of compound Chinese herb to Ctenopharyngodon idellus and crucian carp, the result: control Ctenopharyngodon idellus " four diseases " survival rate is 85～96%, to Ctenopharyngodon idellus " four diseases " cure rate is 75～85%, and the prevention effective percentage of Carassius auratus fulminant disease is reached 98%.
2, the fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations is to the influence of Ietalurus Punetaus immunity; In the Ietalurus Punetaus feedstuff, add the variable concentrations Chinese medicine formula; by the 30d feeding experiment; the result: the leukocytes phagocytic activity, SOD in serum, the antalzyme activity that add Chinese medicine formula group Ietalurus Punetaus all are significantly higher than matched group; the mortality rate of each medicine group all is lower than matched group behind the counteracting toxic substances, and the immune protective rate behind the counteracting toxic substances all is higher than matched group.
3, the effect of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations on culture of swamp eel; Support the breed contrast test that different additions have been carried out in the Chinese yellow eel concentrated area with the fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations at Hannan District Han Nan farm, Wuhan City net cage, the result: test group is at fish body weight gains, feed coefficient and cost; Morbidity number of times and mortality rate all obviously are better than matched group, have proved that the fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations makes an addition to that to feed Monopteri albi in the fish slurry be complete feasible, and it has reduced feed coefficient, has strengthened the immune disease-resistance ability of Monopteri albi.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, it is by making with following weight percentages:
Raw material weight percentage ratio (%)
Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 48
Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 18
The Radix Astragali 18
Fructus Crataegi 9
Radix Glycyrrhizae 7.
A kind of preparation method of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations the steps include:
A, with Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, the Radix Astragali, Fructus Crataegi, Radix Glycyrrhizae clean, dry, dry (with the moisture Control in Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, the Radix Astragali, Fructus Crataegi, the Radix Glycyrrhizae 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8%) (Chinese medicine of the five flavours material raw material is all from native drug of Laifeng County, enshi);
B, respectively to Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, the Radix Astragali, Fructus Crataegi, Radix Glycyrrhizae cut, broken (length≤20mm, diameter≤5mm) pulverize, sieve, granularity requirements reach 140 or 150 or 160 or 170 or 180 or 190 or 200 orders (through conventional dry, pulverize be prepared from);
C, take by weighing Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, the Radix Astragali, Fructus Crataegi, Radix Glycyrrhizae in proportion and mix, packing behind the mix homogeneously promptly gets a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations.
Table 1 the present invention prepares a kind of raw material consumption proportion following (percentage by weight) of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations:
Its preparation process is identical with embodiment 1.
For the checking Chinese medicine formula influences crucian carp immunity and growth performance, the spy carries out following experiment, and test is at seed breeding base, academy of aquatic sciences, Wuhan City 2.0 * 1.0 * 0.8m
3Carry out in the cement pit, experiment material fish-crucian carp is purchased in seed breeding field, academy of aquatic sciences, Wuhan City, the body constitution stalwartness, and anosis nothing is hindered, and specification is (65 ± 3.45) g, supports in cement pit temporarily before the test.The preparation of trial drug is with embodiment 1, and the addition in the feedstuff 0.5-1.0% of percent by weight adds, and will make pharmaceutical chemistry respectively with small-sized pelleter behind each group medicine mixing.GB is tried product " QISHEN MIANYISAN " by the preparation of " the veterinary drug provincial standard rises first of national standard " method, and the by specification using dosage is that every kg feedstuff interpolation 30g makes pharmaceutical chemistry; Detect employed micrococcus lysodeikticus (Microcrococcus lysodelkticus) available from Beijing institute of microbiology of Chinese Academy of Sciences China common micro-organisms DSMZ.Oxidation nitro tetrazole orchid (NBT) is the aqueous solution that is made into 2mg/L with physiological saline solution.
The test fish adopts miniflow water to culture, depth of water 0.4m, and the test fish is supported a week temporarily, treats to begin after fish all conforms, normally ingests test.Test is divided into medicine group, matched group and blank group, and every group 50 tail crucian carp established 3 repetitions for every group.With the pharmaceutical chemistry of the making crucian carp 30d that throws something and feeds continuously, the blank group normal feedstuff of throwing something and feeding.Rate 2.5% is raised in the throwing of day every day, divide and throw something and feed for 2 times, during keep water quality pure and fresh, more than the dissolved oxygen 5mg/L.After the off-test, every group of picked at random 5 tail crucian carps are used for detecting nonspecific immunity and growth performance index respectively.Result: see Table 2
Table 2
From the immunology detection index as can be seen, behind the pharmaceutical chemistry 30d that feeds, the NBT positive cell number is 65 ± 6.28～73 ± 6.52 in 1 visual field of test group, and the NBT positive cell number is 67 ± 5.76 in 1 visual field of matched group.Through the t check, test group and matched group crucian carp NBT positive cell number average are significantly higher than blank group (P＜0.05), and test group NBT positive cell number increases to some extent than matched group.Antalzyme activity is 0.037 ± 0.0032～0.052 ± 0.0018 in the test group Carassius auratus serum, matched group Carassius auratus serum lysozyme vigor is 0.037 ± 0.0024, the blank group is 0.016 ± 0.0035 to check through t, test group and matched group Carassius auratus serum lysozyme vigor all are significantly higher than the antalzyme activity (P＜0.05) of blank group, and test group serum lysozyme vigor is significantly higher than matched group (P＜0.05).Therefore, the present invention can improve the vigor of crucian carp serum lysozyme significantly, thereby has strengthened the function of crucian carp nonspecific immunity and the ability of opposing cause pathogeny imcrobe infection.Can find out that from Economic and Efficiency Analysis the test group average growth rate is 21.22%, increased by 5.71% than the blank group, pressing feedstuff price and drug cost adjusts, the totle drilling cost of the every weightening finish of test group 1kg fish is 3.18 yuan, the totle drilling cost of the every weightening finish of medicine matched group 1kg fish is 4.1 yuan, the feed cost of the every weightening finish of blank group 1kg fish is 4.8 yuan, both the kg fish meal cost of test group reduced by 33.75% than blank feedstuff, the kg fish meal cost of medicine matched group reduces by 19.17% than blank feedstuff, therefore find out from result of the test, the present invention can better improve the speed of growth of Carassius auratus and reduce the feed coefficient of Carassius auratus, reduces the crucian cultivation cost.
Embodiment 2:
This example has further been verified the effect of Chinese medicine formula prevention and treatment fish disease, prophylactic tria is chosen near the individual raiser of Chinese south gauze cap, breed Chi2Kou is arranged, be respectively 5 mu and 3 mu, there are 1 mouthful 4 mu breed ponds of raising conditional likelihoods on next-door neighbour next door in contrast, average 1.5 meters of the depth of water is based on main foster Ctenopharyngodon idellus, suitably arrange in pairs or groups bream and Carassius auratus.Simultaneously selected 1 mouthful 10 mu breed pond to carry out big pool prophylactic tria in crucian cultivation concentrated area, Yancheng, Jiangsu.
Therapeutic test has 4 mouthfuls in pond on the Ctenopharyngodon idellus intensive culture ground of XIANTAO and yellow pond, suffers from various degree gill rot and enteritis respectively, and wherein 1 mouthful of pond Ctenopharyngodon idellus fin ray hyperemia of raising the Ctenopharyngodon idellus kind is diagnosed as the viral disease their early stage.
Efficacy determination: after medication begins, add up the dead Ctenopharyngodon idellus quantity in each pond every day, till the 7th day after the beginning medication,, be calculated as follows the effective percentage of medicine according to dead fish quantity in each pond:
With reference to the effective percentage after the medication, the effect of medical treatment disease is estimated.In addition, dead fish in the process of the test is carried out pathology dissect diagnosis, judge that it causes dead reason.
Route of administration and dosage
Route of administration is evenly to mix bait to throw something and feed, and preventive dose is every 1kg feedstuff Chinese medicine formula 10.0g, logotype 1～2 day, repeat administration on the 15th at interval.Therapeutic dose is every 1kg feedstuff this product 12.0～15.0g, logotype 5～7 days.
From experimental result as can be seen, the group of Chinese medicine formula of feeding is compared with matched group, since beginning the 3rd day after the medication, the mortality rate of ill Ctenopharyngodon idellus promptly descends significantly, the process continuous use is after 3 to 5 days, just almost stopped death, higher mortality rate does not then appear in ill Ctenopharyngodon idellus kind in the matched group of medication all the time.Therefore, the present invention has good preventive and therapeutic effect to Ctenopharyngodon idellus " four diseases " and crucian carp fulminant disease.
Table 3 Chinese medicine formula is mixed the bait prophylactic tria effect of throwing something and feeding
| Test tank (mu) | Fish sum (tail) before the medication | Fish sum (tail) after the medication | Survival rate (%) |
| 5 | 1400 | 1344 | 96 |
| 3 | 800 | 680 | 85 |
| 10 | 28000 | 27440 | 98 |
| The contrast pond | 1000 | 450 | 45 |
Table 4 Chinese medicine formula is mixed the bait therapeutic test effect of throwing something and feeding
Claims (9)
1. fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, it is by making with following weight percentages:
Its preparation process is:
A, with Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, the Radix Astragali, Fructus Crataegi, Radix Glycyrrhizae clean, dry, drying, with the moisture Control in Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, the Radix Astragali, Fructus Crataegi, the Radix Glycyrrhizae at moisture 4-8%;
B, respectively Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, the Radix Astragali, Fructus Crataegi, Radix Glycyrrhizae are pulverized, sieve, granularity reaches the 140-200 order;
C, take by weighing Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, the Radix Astragali, Fructus Crataegi, Radix Glycyrrhizae in proportion and mix, packing behind the mix homogeneously promptly gets a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations.
2. a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is by making with following weight percentages:
3. a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is by making with following weight percentages:
4. a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is by making with following weight percentages:
5. a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is by making with following weight percentages:
6. a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is by making with following weight percentages:
7. a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is by making with following weight percentages:
8. a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is by making with following weight percentages:
9. a kind of fish compound Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is by making with following weight percentages:
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| CN101961064B (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2012-09-12 | 山东大学威海分校 | Preparation method and use of compound traditional Chinese medicinal preparation |
| CN102488755B (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-11-06 | 天津康莱森生物科技集团有限公司 | Fishing Chinese herbal composition capable of inhibiting germs and preparation method thereof |
| CN102488753B (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-12-18 | 天津康莱森生物科技集团有限公司 | Fishing Chinese medicinal composition with antibacterial and antibiotic functions and preparation method thereof |
| CN102640871B (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-11-13 | 杨洪星 | Feed additive for aquatic livestock |
| CN102987094B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-05-07 | 广州海因特生物技术有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicament immunopotentiator for high-density breeding of grass carp and preparation method thereof |
| CN102987164B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-05-28 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Megalobrama amblycephala compound Chinese medicinal herb anti-stress preparation, and preparation method and use method thereof |
| CN103479777B (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-11-25 | 青岛绿曼生物工程有限公司 | Pure Chinese medicine composition for the treatment of gosling plague and preparation method thereof |
| CN106362026A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-02-01 | 青岛海之星生物科技有限公司 | Compound preparation for treating pseudosciaena crocea streptococcicosis and preparation method of compound preparation |
| CN110432404B (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2022-06-07 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Tilapia feed additive for reducing proinflammatory response and enhancing immune response and preparation method and application thereof |
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