CN101808057B - Method, device and decoder for blind equalization - Google Patents
Method, device and decoder for blind equalization Download PDFInfo
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- CN101808057B CN101808057B CN200910005672.0A CN200910005672A CN101808057B CN 101808057 B CN101808057 B CN 101808057B CN 200910005672 A CN200910005672 A CN 200910005672A CN 101808057 B CN101808057 B CN 101808057B
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of communication and particularly discloses a method, a device and a decoder for blind equalization in order to solve the problems that the prior art for blind equalization has difficulties in convergence and has poor equalization effect after the convergence. The method in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: equalizing the received symbol sequences; carrying out the demodulating and decoding processes on the equalized symbol sequences, to generate decoded signals; carrying out the CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on the decoded signals; if errors are detected according to the CRC, re-demodulating the decoded signals and updating the equalization coefficient according to the re-demodulated signals; and re-equalizing the received symbol sequences. By modulating the output of the decoder and feeding back to a blind equalizer to update the coefficient of the blind equalizer and by carrying out the iteration method using the decoded signals for multiple times to produce the gain, the embodiment of the invention can reduce the probability of errors in judgment, ensure that the equalizer can achieve the convergence rapidly, enhance the equalization effect of the equalizer and improve the performance of the receiver.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, particularly relate to a kind of method of blind equalization, device and decoder.
Background technology
In wireless communication system, due to complexity and the polytropy of wireless channel, the transmission performance of wireless communication system is greatly affected.In order to improve the transmission performance of system, balancing technique is adopted at receiving terminal, balancing technique refers to the characteristic for channel, and receiving terminal produces the characteristic contrary with the characteristic of channel to signal, be used for reducing or eliminate because of channel time become the distorted signals that the propagation characteristics such as multipath cause.In some occasion, in order to save bandwidth, receiver only utilizes the unascertained events received according to carrying out channel estimating to obtain the characteristic of channel, and adjusts equalizer tap coefficient accordingly, and this balancing technique is called Blind Equalization Technique.
Existing application blind equalizer structure as shown in Figure 1, blind equalizer carries out equilibrium at symbol level to signal, r (n) for arriving the signal of receiver after transmission, and W (n) is tap coefficient, outputs signal S (n)=W (n) after equilibrium
hr (n),
for exporting the judgement of S (n), judgement principle is the maximum likelihood principle to modulation constellation points on planisphere.
The operation principle of blind equalizer shown in Fig. 1 is: r (n) obtains S (n) after equilibrium, carries out demodulation on the one hand, decoding exports to S (n); Utilize S (n) to feed back on the other hand, for the renewal of equalizer tap coefficient, the tap coefficient after renewal carries out equilibrium to following symbol r (n+1).
Its tap coefficient upgrades the formula adopted:
In above formula, μ is the stepping constant of setting,
*for conjugation, generally arranging tapped value during tap coefficient initialization is 1, and other tap is 0, and now equalizer is equivalent to an all-pass filter, then, is constantly upgraded by tap coefficient, when
When being less than the thresholding that certain sets, can assert that now equalizer reaches convergence.
Realizing in process of the present invention, inventor finds, existing Blind Equalization Technique exists following problem: be first that equalizer convergence is comparatively difficult, even do not restrain; Even if after equalizer reaches convergence in addition, balanced effect is also unsatisfactory, and the error rate of receiver is higher.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of blind balance method, device and decoder, can reach good portfolio effect, reduce the error rate of system.
For achieving the above object, embodiments of the invention adopt following technical scheme:
A kind of blind balance method, comprising:
Equilibrium is carried out to the symbol sebolic addressing received;
Demodulation coding is carried out to the symbol sebolic addressing after equilibrium, generates decoded signal;
CRC check is carried out to described decoded signal;
If find wrong through verification, described decoded signal is modulated again, and carry out equalizing coefficient renewal according to heavy fresh signal;
Utilize the equalizing coefficient after upgrading, again equilibrium is carried out to the symbol sebolic addressing of described reception.
A kind of blind equalizing apparatus, comprising:
Balance module, for carrying out equilibrium according to equalizing coefficient to the symbol sebolic addressing received;
Demodulation coding module, for carrying out demodulation coding to the symbol sebolic addressing after balance module equilibrium, generates decoded signal;
Correction verification module, for the decoded signal after the decoding of demodulation coding module, carries out CRC check;
Modulation module, if find that decoded signal is wrong after carrying out CRC check for correction verification module, then modulates the wrong decoded signal of verification again;
Coefficient updating module, for the signal after again modulating according to modulation module, upgrades the equalizing coefficient of balance module, to make balance module utilize the equalizing coefficient after upgrading, again carries out equilibrium to the symbol sebolic addressing of described reception.
A kind of decoder, is characterized in that, comprising: described blind equalizing apparatus and
Memory module, for storing the symbol sebolic addressing of reception, reads for balance module.
The method of the blind equalization that the embodiment of the present invention provides, device and decoder, equalizer is fed back to after the output of decoder being modulated, upgrade for equalizer coefficients, decoding gain is repeatedly utilized by the method for iteration, reduce the probability that mistake appears in judgement, make equalizer can reach convergence fast, and strengthen the portfolio effect of equalizer, improve the performance of receiver.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of existing Blind Equalization Technique;
The flow chart of the blind balance method that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The fundamental diagram of the Blind Equalization Technique that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The structure chart of the blind equalizing apparatus that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The decoder serial mode structure chart that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The decoder parallel mode structure chart that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In order to solve existing balancing technique convergence difficulties, the problem that convergence post-equalization effect is bad, embodiments provides a kind of method of Channel blind equalization, device and decoder.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of blind balance method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprising:
200, equalizer carries out equilibrium to the symbol sebolic addressing received;
201, demodulation coding is carried out to the symbol sebolic addressing after the equilibrium of equalizer output, generate decoded signal;
202, CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check, cyclic redundancy check (CRC)) verification is carried out to described decoded signal;
If 203 find wrong through verification, described decoded signal is modulated again, and feeds back to equalizer;
204, equalizer carries out equalizer coefficients renewal according to heavy fresh signal;
After coefficient update, return step 201, equalizer utilizes the equalizing coefficient after upgrading, and again carries out equilibrium to the symbol sebolic addressing received.
In above-mentioned steps, CRC check is found wrong decoded signal is again modulated and sends to equalizer, carry out equalizer coefficients renewal, due to the signal that signal is now after decoding, therefore merged decoding gain, namely in signal because transmission produce error code, obtain correction to a certain extent, thus make blind equalizer can reach convergence fast, and improve the effect of Channel blind equalization.
The blind balance method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, can also comprise, step 205, if correct through CRC check result, then export current decoded signal as decode results, and retains current equalizing coefficient, for following symbol sequence carries out equilibrium.
For ease of understanding the Channel blind equalization method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, be introduced in conjunction with its fundamental diagram, as shown in Figure 3, r (n) for arriving the signal of receiver after transmission, r (n) can be the symbol sebolic addressing of certain length, such as r (n)=(r (1), r (2), ... r (N)), first r (n) is stored in memory, then sent into equalizer and carried out equilibrium by symbol, carry out, after equilibrium, obtaining S (n) through equalizing coefficient initial in equalizer.Wherein, with r (k), k=1,2 ... N represents a symbol in r (n), with S (k), k=1, and 2 ... N represents the symbol obtained by r (k) equilibrium in S (n); When carrying out equilibrium to r (n) by symbol, utilizing S (n) to feed back, by symbol, S (n) being sent into judging module, utilize and the maximum likelihood principle of modulation constellation points on planisphere is adjudicated, obtain
by S (n) and
following formula is utilized to carry out the renewal of equalizer tap coefficient,
Wherein, μ is the stepping constant of setting,
*for conjugation, W (k) is current tap coefficient, carries out equilibrium with the tap coefficient after upgrading to following symbol r (n+1), with
k=1,2 ... N represents
in adjudicate by S (k) symbol obtained.
After to whole symbol level equalizer of r (n), export symbol sebolic addressing S (n) after complete equilibrium, then demodulation is carried out to S (n), decoding, export decoded signal, wherein, decoder carries out decoding to multiple symbol according to certain decoding rule is unified, namely S (k) is after demodulation, after need waiting until that symbolic number reaches some, such as form certain length symbol sebolic addressing S (n), unification carries out decoding output decoded signal to S (n) again, and CRC check is carried out to this decoded signal, if result is correct after verification, then export current decoded signal as decode results, empty the r (n) in memory, retain current equalizer tap coefficient as initial tap coefficient values, and start to carry out equilibrium to next section of symbol sebolic addressing, if find wrong through verification, then the decoded signal exported after decoding is modulated again, obtain
and input signal r (n) is re-entered equalizer, recover that balanced initial tap coefficient values is carried out to this section of symbol sebolic addressing r (n) and re-start equilibrium, obtain S (n), by S (n) and
unified feedback carries out the renewal of tap coefficient to equalizer, afterwards, carries out equilibrium, and export the signal after equilibrium, again to carry out CRC check after demodulation coding according to the tap coefficient after upgrading to r (n).By the process of above-mentioned loop iteration, constantly can adjust equalizer tap coefficient by decoded signal, thus utilize the equalizer tap coefficient after adjustment, better can correct error code, make equalizer can reach convergence fast, and export correct decode results.
The Channel blind equalization device that the embodiment of the present invention provides is owing to relating to iteration cycle process, then likely enter " endless loop ", namely the renewal of tap coefficient is carried out through successive ignition, but the signal exported still finds wrong through CRC check, for anti-appearance of planting here situation, the embodiment of the present invention can arrange maximum iteration time, such as maximum iteration time be set to three times or set according to actual needs, after CRC check being carried out to the signal after decoding at every turn, judge whether iterations exceedes maximum iteration time, if do not exceed maximum iteration time, then judge whether to carry out iteration next time according to CRC check result, if exceed maximum iteration time, then regardless of CRC check result, all exit iterative process, export decode results, and retain now equalizer coefficients as initial tap coefficient values, equilibrium is carried out to next section of symbol sebolic addressing of input.
As shown in Figure 4, a kind of blind equalizing apparatus 400 that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprising:
Balance module 401, for carrying out equilibrium according to equalizing coefficient to the symbol sebolic addressing received; After coefficient updating module 405 upgrades equalizing coefficient, utilize the equalizing coefficient after upgrading, equilibrium is carried out to symbol sebolic addressing;
Demodulation coding module 402, for carrying out demodulation coding to the symbol sebolic addressing after balance module 401 equilibrium, generates decoded signal;
Correction verification module 403, for the decoded signal after demodulation coding module 402 decoding, carries out CRC check
Modulation module 404, if find that decoded signal is wrong after carrying out CRC check for correction verification module 403, then modulates the wrong decoded signal of verification again;
Coefficient updating module 405, for the signal after again modulating according to modulation module 404, upgrades the equalizing coefficient of balance module 401, to make balance module 401 utilize the equalizing coefficient after upgrading, again carries out equilibrium to the symbol sebolic addressing of described reception.
Wherein, described demodulation coding module 402, if find after also carrying out CRC check for correction verification module 403, decoded signal is correct, then the decoded signal that output verification is correct is as decode results.
The blind equalizing apparatus that the embodiment of the present invention provides, also comprises:
Judge module 406, for find that decoded signal is wrong after correction verification module 403 carries out CRC check after, judge whether the balanced number of times to described symbol sebolic addressing exceedes the maximum iteration time of setting, if exceed the maximum iteration time of setting, then notify that demodulation coding module 402 exports current decoded signal; If do not exceed the maximum iteration time of setting, then notify that modulation module 404 is modulated again.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of decoder, and this decoder comprises blind equalizing apparatus 400, memory module 407 and output module 408;
Memory module 407, for storing the symbol sebolic addressing of reception, reads for balance module 401;
Output module 408, for when carrying out CRC check to decoded signal and finding do not have mistake, then exports current decoded signal as final decode results.
The blind equalizing apparatus that the embodiment of the present invention provides, by signal being modulated again and sending to balance module, carry out equalizing coefficient renewal, the decoding gain due to the signal fused after decoding, namely in signal by the error code that transmission produces, obtain correction to a certain extent, thus make blind equalizing apparatus can reach convergence fast, and improve the effect of blind equalization, thus reduce the error rate of signal, improve the reliability of decoding.
The decoder that the embodiment of the present invention provides, its implementation can comprise serial mode and parallel mode, will be introduced respectively below:
Serial mode
As shown in Figure 5, by one of input signal section of symbol sebolic addressing r (n) stored in input-buffer, and it is carried out equilibrium by symbol feeding balance module, symbol after equilibrium is s (n), on the one hand s (n) is sent into judging module by symbol, the renewal of equalizing coefficient during for pressing symbol level equalizer, on the other hand by s (n) by after symbol demodulation, send in the buffer memory of demodulation coding module, whole symbols until symbol sebolic addressing s (n) are all sent into after in the buffer memory of demodulation coding module through equalizing demodulation, unification carries out decoding to this section of symbol sebolic addressing s (n), afterwards, correction verification module carries out CRC check to decoded signal, if verification discovery does not have mistake, then using the decode results of this decoded signal as the final output of decoder, if verification finds that there is mistake, then this decoded signal is re-started modulation by modulation module, feeds back to coefficient updating module and upgrades for equalizing coefficient.Signal after modulation
with the signal exported through judging module
send into coefficient updating module through selector, if now iterations is zero, then the signal that judging module exports selected by selector
send into coefficient updating module and carry out coefficient update, if now iterations is non-vanishing, then the signal after modulating selected by selector
send into coefficient updating module and carry out coefficient update.
This decoding system is also provided with iteration count, with the situation preventing iteration from occurring " endless loop ", when iterations has exceeded the maximum iteration time arranged, then no matter CRC check correctness, all exit iterative process, using current decoded signal as the final Output rusults of decoder, and start the decoding of next section of incoming symbol sequence.
Parallel mode
As shown in Figure 6, decoder has N-1 buffer memory (buffer memory 1, buffer memory 2 ... buffer memory N-1), can process the symbol sebolic addressing of the same length of N-1 section simultaneously.First by one of input signal section of symbol sebolic addressing r
1n (), stored in buffer memory 1, wherein N is the maximum iteration time arranged, and arranges N number of equalizer, by symbol sebolic addressing r simultaneously
1in (n) input equalizer 1, carry out equilibrium and coefficient update by symbol, by the symbol sebolic addressing S after equilibrium
1n () is carried out demodulation and is sent in the buffer memory of decoding module 1 (decoding 1), decoding is carried out in unification, carry out CRC check afterwards, if check results is correct, then using decode results that the decoded signal that decoding module 1 exports finally exports as decoder, if verification finds wrong, then the decoded signal that decoding exports being re-started modulation sends in equalizer 2, for the coefficient update of equalizer 2, afterwards, with equalizer 2, demodulation module 2 (demodulation 2), decoding module 2 (decoding 2), correction verification module 2 (CRC check 2) to r
1n (), by that analogy until CRC check correctly exports decode results.
If r
1n signal that () exports at equalizer N-1, after demodulation coding, still finds wrong by CRC check, then the decoded signal after decoding module N-1 decoding is modulated again rear feeding equalizer N and carry out coefficient update, then to the symbol sebolic addressing r in buffer memory
1n () carries out equilibrium by symbol, carry out demodulation coding and CRC check after equilibrium, regardless of CRC check result, all incites somebody to action the final Output rusults of decode results as decoder of now decoding module N (decoding N).
Because, each to r
1when () carries out equilibrium, demodulation coding, CRC check n, only employ one group of equalizer, demodulation module, decoding module, correction verification module, therefore, buffer memory N-1 section symbol sebolic addressing r can be distinguished in N-1
1(n), r
2(n) ... r
n-1n (), can utilize N-1 group equalizer, demodulation module, decoding module, correction verification module so simultaneously to N-1 section symbol sebolic addressing r
1(n), r
2(n) ... r
n-1n () is parallel processes, thus improves the efficiency of process, reduces the equalization iteration time of whole input signal.
The method and apparatus of the blind equalization that the embodiment of the present invention provides, equalizer is fed back to after decoding is exported modulation, upgrade for equalizer coefficients, decoding gain is repeatedly utilized by the method for iteration, reduce the probability that mistake appears in judgement, make equalizer can reach convergence fast, and strengthen the portfolio effect of equalizer, improve the performance of decoder.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: realize the hardware that all or part of step in above-described embodiment method can carry out instruction relevant by program and complete, described program can be stored in computer-readable recording medium, as ROM/RAM, magnetic disc or CD etc.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range described in claim.
Claims (11)
1. a blind balance method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Equilibrium is carried out to the symbol sebolic addressing received;
Demodulation coding is carried out to the symbol sebolic addressing after equilibrium, generates decoded signal;
CRC check is carried out to described decoded signal;
If find wrong through verification, described decoded signal is modulated again, and carry out equalizing coefficient renewal according to heavy fresh signal;
Utilize the equalizing coefficient after upgrading, again equilibrium is carried out to the symbol sebolic addressing of described reception.
2. blind balance method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described CRC check is carried out to described decoded signal after, described method also comprises:
If correct through check results, then export current decoded signal, and retain current equalizing coefficient, for following symbol sequence carries out equilibrium.
3. blind balance method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, if described after verification discovery is wrong, described method also comprises:
Judge whether the balanced number of times to described symbol sebolic addressing exceedes the maximum iteration time of setting;
If exceed maximum iteration time, then export current decoded signal, and retain current equalizing coefficient, for following symbol sequence carries out equilibrium;
If do not exceed maximum iteration time, then current decoded signal is modulated again, and carry out equalizing coefficient renewal according to heavy fresh signal.
4. the blind balance method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, processes for a symbol sebolic addressing at every turn, after the decoded signal exporting this symbol sebolic addressing, receives next symbol sebolic addressing and processes.
5. the blind balance method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, processes for multiple symbol sebolic addressing at every turn, after the decoded signal of an output symbol sebolic addressing, receives next symbol sebolic addressing and processes.
6. a blind equalizing apparatus, is characterized in that, comprising:
Balance module, for carrying out equilibrium according to equalizing coefficient to the symbol sebolic addressing received;
Demodulation coding module, for carrying out demodulation coding to the symbol sebolic addressing after balance module equilibrium, generates decoded signal;
Correction verification module, for the decoded signal after the decoding of demodulation coding module, carries out CRC check;
Modulation module, if find that decoded signal is wrong after carrying out CRC check for correction verification module, then modulates the wrong decoded signal of verification again;
Coefficient updating module, for the signal after again modulating according to modulation module, upgrades the equalizing coefficient of balance module, to make balance module utilize the equalizing coefficient after upgrading, again carries out equilibrium to the symbol sebolic addressing of described reception.
7. blind equalizing apparatus according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described demodulation coding module, if find after also carrying out CRC check for correction verification module, decoded signal is correct, then the decoded signal that output verification is correct.
8. blind equalizing apparatus according to claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Judge module, for find that decoded signal is wrong after correction verification module carries out CRC check after, judge whether the balanced number of times to described symbol sebolic addressing exceedes the maximum iteration time of setting, if exceed the maximum iteration time of setting, then notify that demodulation coding module exports current decoded signal; If do not exceed the maximum iteration time of setting, then notify that modulation module is modulated again.
9. a decoder, is characterized in that, described decoder comprises: the blind equalizing apparatus as described in any one of claim 6 to 8;
Memory module, for storing the symbol sebolic addressing of reception, reads for balance module.
10. decoder according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described decoder comprises a blind equalizing apparatus, processes for a symbol sebolic addressing at every turn, after the decoded signal exporting this symbol sebolic addressing, receives next symbol sebolic addressing and processes.
11. decoders according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described decoder comprises multiple blind equalizing apparatus, and each blind equalizing apparatus processes a symbol sebolic addressing, after the decoded signal of an output symbol sebolic addressing, receive next symbol sebolic addressing and process.
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| WO2014107899A1 (en) | 2013-01-14 | 2014-07-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | Decoding method and device |
| CN103281270B (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2016-01-06 | 四川和芯微电子股份有限公司 | Forecast decision feedback equalizer |
| CN108063738B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2020-08-25 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Convergence decision method for digital equalizer |
| US10491432B1 (en) * | 2018-10-01 | 2019-11-26 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | System and method for turbo equalization and decoding in a receiver |
| CN109450552B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-04-21 | 武汉邮电科学研究院有限公司 | CMA-based signal equalization method and system |
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