CN101759076B - Elevator buffer - Google Patents
Elevator buffer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101759076B CN101759076B CN 200810208208 CN200810208208A CN101759076B CN 101759076 B CN101759076 B CN 101759076B CN 200810208208 CN200810208208 CN 200810208208 CN 200810208208 A CN200810208208 A CN 200810208208A CN 101759076 B CN101759076 B CN 101759076B
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- elevator
- counterweight
- car
- fixed
- trigger mechanism
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/0043—Devices enhancing safety during maintenance
- B66B5/005—Safety of maintenance personnel
- B66B5/0056—Safety of maintenance personnel by preventing crushing
- B66B5/0068—Safety of maintenance personnel by preventing crushing by activating the safety brakes when the elevator car exceeds a certain upper or lower position in the elevator shaft
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- Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an elevator buffer which comprises a brake apparatus and a trigger mechanism, wherein the brake apparatus comprises a clamp body and a fixed part; the clamp body is installed in a lift car, a counter poise or a component related to the lift car and the counter poise, and moves along with the lift car or counter poise of the elevator; the fixed part is installed in a fixed position in the lift way of the elevator and does not move along with the lift car or counter poise of the elevator; the trigger component of the trigger mechanism is fixedly installed in the lift way of the elevator; and when the lift car or counter poise of the elevator moves downwards to reach or exceed the lowest parking position for normal operation., the trigger mechanism triggers the brake apparatus to move, the clamp body and the fixed part of the brake apparatus rub each other so as to slow down or stop the down-going lift car or counter poise. The invention can satisfy the requirements for elevator buffers in the national standard and reduce the quantity of elevator buffers used in the elevator, thereby saving resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the elevator field, particularly relate to a kind of buffer of elevator that can protect the safety of elevator when bottom space moves.
Background technology
Minimum is reduced in personnel's injury when making lift car descending during stall or car bump pit, and the regulation elevator must dispose descending safety tongs of car and car buffer among the standard GB 7588-2003.
In order to carry out this standard, adopt spring bumper, water bumper and polyurethane bumper absorbers in the elevator industry more, also more to the energy disperser research of these types, but the energy disperser of friction-type braking is rarely had research.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention will solve provides a kind of buffer of elevator, can satisfy in the national standard requirement to buffer of elevator, and can reduce the usage quantity of buffer of elevator in elevator, economizes on resources.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, buffer of elevator of the present invention comprises: brake equipment and trigger mechanism;
Brake equipment is made up of two parts of caliper and fixed parts, and wherein caliper is installed in car, or counterweight, or with the associated components of car and counterweight connection on, move with lift car or counterweight; Fixed parts is installed in the fixed position in the elevator lifting channel, not with lift car or counterweight motion;
The trigger unit of trigger mechanism is fixedly mounted in the elevator lifting channel;
The descending arrival of lift car or counterweight that and if only if or when surpassing the minimum stop position of its normal operation, trigger mechanism triggers the brake equipment action, the caliper of brake equipment and fixed parts mutual friction mutually make car or the descending and stop of counterweight deceleration.
Buffer of elevator of the present invention is a kind of buffer of elevator of friction-type; The elevator safety gear majority also adopts the mode of friction braking; Therefore can make identical elevator safety gear of braking principle and buffer of elevator integrated after adopting the present invention, let elevator safety gear action and play the effect that cushions car or counterweight when the descending minimum stop position that meets or exceeds its normal operation of lift car or counterweight.Can satisfy like this in the national standard the elevator safety performance demands, can reduce the usage quantity of buffer of elevator in elevator again, cost-cutting economizes on resources.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is carried out detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 is a kind of overall structure scheme drawing of elevator;
Fig. 2 is a kind of buffer of elevator scheme drawing with trigger mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is trigger mechanism embodiment two scheme drawings among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is trigger mechanism embodiment three scheme drawings among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a trigger mechanism shown in Figure 4 when not receiving external force, the relative position scheme drawing between trigger mechanism cam and the trigger mechanism fork;
Fig. 6 is a trigger mechanism shown in Figure 4, after car or counterweight stop, and the relative position scheme drawing of trigger mechanism cam and trigger mechanism fork;
Fig. 7, the 8th, a kind of gradual elevator safety gear center separation structure scheme drawing.
The specific embodiment
For being illustrated more clearly in effect and the installation site of the present invention in elevator, be necessary to combine Fig. 1 that the structure of elevator is simply described.
In a kind of machine-roomless lift shown in Figure 1; Car 1 moves up and down along car guide rail 6; Counterweight 4 moves up and down along counterweight guide rail 7, and suspension gear 5 connects car 1 and counterweight 4, and actuating device 2 utilizes drive wheel 3 to drive car 1 and moves in hoist trunk 10 with counterweight 4; The descending safety tongs 11 of lift car is installed in the lower end of car 1, and traditional energy disperser 12 is installed in the bottom of hoist trunk 10.
The preferred implementation of the present invention is the unidirectional action mechanism of similar elevator safety gear.When lift car or counterweight were descending, the brake equipment action can produce lift car or the descending power of counterweight of hindering, and when lift car or counterweight were up, the power of brake equipment can reduce or disappear.Because at this moment lift car or counterweight have been in the off-normal position that surmounts minimum stop; Recover in the process of elevator use the maintainer; At first must be with moving on to the normal position on car or the counterweight, if the power on the brake equipment still exists, move the operation difficulty that can become on then.Especially work as car position and surmounted minimum stop position; Get into also unusual difficulty of pit, be difficult to manual take-off the brake device, so preferably unidirectional action of brake equipment; As long as can guarantee under certain deceleration/decel with car or counterweight stop; When lift car or counterweight were up, the power of brake equipment reduced or automatic release, in actual use can be very convenient.
When brake equipment moved, elevator had been in improper running state, at this moment should have a signal to be delivered in the elevator control device, was used to trigger relevant safe action, cut off the current supply circuit of actuating device.A switch for example can be set, and this switch or simultaneously moves when brake equipment moves, and the actuating signal of this switch is used to trigger the current supply circuit that cuts off actuating device.This switch can be the safety tongs step switch.
The brake equipment of the buffer of elevator that the present invention relates to adopts the principle of friction braking, and is identical with the braking principle of car or counterweight progressive safety gear.Among the standard GB 7588-2003 hydraulic buffer is stipulated: during at the car free-falling body that nominal payload is housed and with 115% command speed bump car buffer; The mean deceleration of energy disperser between action period should be greater than 1gn, and the above deceleration/decel time of 2.5gn is no more than 0.04s.Progressive safety gear is stipulated: under the situation of the car free fall that rated load is housed, the mean deceleration of progressive safety gear braking should be at 0.2gn~1.0gn.Through finding out that to the comparison of hydraulic buffer, progressive safety gear braking mean deceleration if can let the progressive safety gear action in place, the braking effect of safety tongs can alternate buffer.
Fig. 2 is one embodiment of the invention, a kind of buffer of elevator with trigger mechanism.This buffer of elevator is made up of brake equipment and trigger mechanism two parts.
Brake equipment comprises caliper and fixed parts 213.Caliper comprises that framework 203, fixed clamp block 206, main elastic element 204, fixed clamp block limit element 205, movable voussoir 202, roller guide 207, movable voussoir guiding parts 208, guiding parts are with attaching parts 209, roller assembly 210.
Framework 203 is installed in car, or counterweight, or on the associated components that connects with car and counterweight.Roller guide 207 is limited in the side in the framework 203, a contacts side surfaces of the spigot surface of roller guide 207 and roller assembly 210.Movable voussoir guiding parts 208 is connected with roller guide 207 or framework 203.The right side of movable voussoir 202 is provided with a chute, and the guide of movable voussoir guiding parts 208 is stuck in this chute, and movable voussoir 202 can be along the path movement of movable voussoir guiding parts 208 qualifications.Its right end face of movable voussoir 202 contacts with the another side of roller assembly 210.Fixed clamp block 206 is arranged on the opposite side in the framework 203 relative with roller guide 207, and the sidewall that limit element 205 passes framework 203 is connected with fixed clamp block 206.Fixed parts 213 passes framework 203 between movable voussoir 202 and fixed clamp block 206.Between fixed clamp block 206 and the fixed parts 213 certain clearance is arranged when guaranteeing that elevator normally moves, with main elastic element 204 tensionings, fixed clamp block 206 can only be moved along drawing direction left between fixed clamp block 206 and the framework 203.
Trigger mechanism comprises that actuating mechanism 211, trigger mechanism re-pack 302, trigger with block 301, false action-proof torsion spring 212.
The lower end of movable voussoir 202 is connected with actuating mechanism 211 through coupking shaft 201, and can rotate around coupking shaft 201.One end of actuating mechanism 211 is fixed on car, or counterweight, or on the associated components that connects with car and counterweight, actuating mechanism 211 can be rotated around fixed end.For freely rotating of limit movement mechanism 211, actuating mechanism 211 is through false action-proof torsion spring 212 and car, or counterweight, or links to each other with the associated components that counterweight connects with car.Trigger and be fixed on the actuating mechanism 211 with block 301.Trigger mechanism re-packs and 302 is fixed in the hoist trunk, with car or counterweight motion.When lift car or counterweight are descending when reaching or surpassing minimum stop position of its normal operation; Trigger mechanism re-packs and 302 contacts with block 301 with triggering; With actuating mechanism 211 jack-up, movable voussoir 202 is lifted, and the movable voussoir 202 that lifts contacts with the spigot surface of fixed parts 213; The friction force that the spigot surface of fixed parts 213 and movable voussoir are 202 makes movable voussoir 202 further lift, and fixed clamp block 206 is fitted with the spigot surface of fixed parts 213 with movable voussoir 202 together.Between the spigot surface of fixed clamp block 206 and movable voussoir 202 and fixed parts 213 mutually mutual friction reach the purpose of stop car or counterweight.When car or counterweight be raised up to trigger mechanism re-pack 302 with trigger disengage with block 301 after, movably voussoir 202 is returned to initial position under the effect of self gravitation and false action-proof torsion spring 212.
Referring to trigger mechanism embodiment two shown in Figure 3, it comprises that trigger mechanism makes bar 305, beats bar limiting component 303, trigger mechanism action force elastomeric element 304.Trigger mechanism is beaten bar 305 1 ends and is fixed in the hoist trunk, not with elevator or counterweight motion.Beat bar limit element 303 1 ends and be fixed on trigger mechanism and beat on the bar 305, being arranged on the connecting element of the other end removable (in structure shown in Figure 3, can only move) to the right side of drawing.Trigger mechanism is beaten between bar 305 and connecting element with 304 tensionings of trigger mechanism action force elastomeric element.Because of the effect of beating bar limiting component 303, the trigger mechanism shown in the drawing is made bar 305 and can only be clockwise rotated.When lift car or counterweight are descending when surpassing minimum stop position; Trigger mechanism is made bar 305 and is contacted with block 301 with triggering; Trigger mechanism is played the effect that bar 305 overcomes false action-proof torsion spring 212 power; With actuating mechanism 211 jack-up, movable voussoir 202 is lifted, and the movable voussoir 202 that lifts contacts with the spigot surface of fixed parts 213; The friction force that the spigot surface of fixed parts 213 and movable voussoir are 202 makes movable voussoir 202 further lift, and fixed clamp block 206 is fitted with the spigot surface of fixed parts 213 with movable voussoir 202 together.Between the spigot surface of fixed clamp block 206 and movable voussoir 202 and fixed parts 213 mutually mutual friction reach the purpose of stop car or counterweight.When car or counterweight be raised up to trigger mechanism re-pack 305 with trigger disengage with block 301 after, movably voussoir 202 is returned to initial position under the effect of self gravitation and false action-proof torsion spring 212.
The embodiment three of trigger mechanism is as shown in Figure 4, comprises trigger mechanism fork 308, fork limiting component 306, the spacing bearing pin of trigger mechanism action force elastomeric element 307, trigger mechanism cam 309, cam position 310, trigger mechanism cam reduction torsion spring 311.The rotating connecting element interior with being fixed on hoist trunk of trigger mechanism fork 308 1 ends is connected, and trigger mechanism fork 308 is not with elevator motion.Fork limit element 306 1 ends are fixed on the position of trigger mechanism fork 308 lower middles, being arranged on the connecting element of its other end removable (in structure shown in Figure 4, can only move to the right side of drawing).Between trigger mechanism fork 308 and connecting element with elastomeric element 307 tensionings.Because of the effect of fork limiting component 306, the trigger mechanism fork 308 shown in the drawing can only rotate counterclockwise.Trigger mechanism cam 309 is connected through trigger mechanism cam reduction torsion spring 311 with the other end of trigger mechanism fork 308.The spacing bearing pin 310 of cam position is fixed on the trigger mechanism fork 308, and is stuck in the groove of trigger mechanism cam 309.Trigger mechanism cam 309 can rotate around trigger mechanism fork 308, and the angle of rotation is limited the groove on spacing bearing pin 310 of cam position and the trigger mechanism cam 309 jointly.Trigger mechanism cam reduction torsion spring 311 is used for freely rotating of limit trigger mechanism cam 309, and when trigger mechanism did not receive external force, trigger mechanism cam 309 was as shown in Figure 4 with the relative position of trigger mechanism fork 308.When lift car or counterweight are descending when surpassing minimum stop position, trigger mechanism cam 309 contacts with block 301 with triggering.Effect because of trigger mechanism cam reduction torsion spring 311; Trigger mechanism cam 309 is positioned at the end position that rotates counterclockwise direction; Trigger mechanism cam 309 can not rotate around trigger mechanism fork 308; Trigger mechanism cam 309 overcomes the effect of false action-proof torsion spring 212 power, and movable voussoir 202 is lifted, and the movable voussoir 202 that lifts contacts with the spigot surface of fixed parts 213; The friction force that the spigot surface of fixed parts 213 and movable voussoir are 202 makes movable voussoir 202 further lift, and fixed clamp block 206 is fitted with the spigot surface of fixed parts 213 with movable voussoir 202 together.Between the spigot surface of fixed clamp block 206 and movable voussoir 202 and fixed parts 213 mutually mutual friction reach the purpose of stop car or counterweight.After car or counterweight stop, trigger mechanism cam 309 is as shown in Figure 5 with the relative position of trigger mechanism fork 308.When car or counterweight were lifted, movable voussoir 202 was restored.When car or counterweight further lift; Trigger and contact with trigger mechanism cam 309 with block 301; Trigger the application force that overcomes trigger mechanism cam reduction torsion spring 311 with block 301; Trigger mechanism cam 309 goes to position shown in Figure 6 around trigger mechanism fork 308, and because of the application force of trigger mechanism cam reduction torsion spring 311 is very little, actuating mechanism 211 can not moved.Car or counterweight further are raised up to trigger mechanism cam 309 and trigger when disengaging with block 301, and trigger mechanism cam 309 is returned to initial position (referring to Fig. 5) under the effect of trigger mechanism cam reduction torsion spring 311.
In fact, buffer of elevator shown in Figure 2 can be the part of elevator safety jaw mechanism, and the caliper of brake equipment is as a caliper in car safety or the counterweight safety, and the fixed parts 213 of brake equipment is a cage guide.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 7 are a kind of structures of gradual elevator safety gear.Safety tongs is divided into two calipers, and shown in Fig. 2 is one of them caliper, shown in Figure 7 is another caliper wherein, and the structure of two calipers is identical.Caliper shown in Figure 7 comprises that framework 253, fixed clamp block 256, main elastic element 254, fixed clamp block limit element 255, movable voussoir 252, roller guide 257, movable voussoir guiding parts 258, guiding parts are with attaching parts 259 and roller assembly 260.Framework 253 is installed in car, or counterweight, or on the associated components that connects with car and counterweight.Roller guide 257 is limited in the side in the framework 253, a contacts side surfaces of the spigot surface of roller guide 257 and roller assembly 260.Movable voussoir guiding parts 258 is connected with roller guide 257 or framework 253.The right side of movable voussoir 252 is provided with a chute, and the guide of movable voussoir guiding parts 258 is stuck in this chute, guarantees the path movement that movable voussoir 252 limits along movable voussoir guiding parts 258.Its right end face of movable voussoir 252 contacts with the another side of roller assembly 260.Fixed clamp block 256 is arranged on the opposite side in the framework 253 relative with roller guide 257, and the sidewall that limit element 255 passes framework 253 is connected with fixed clamp block 256.Fixed parts 264 passes framework 253 between movable voussoir 252 and fixed clamp block 256.Between fixed clamp block 256 and the fixed parts 264 certain clearance is arranged when guaranteeing that elevator normally moves, with main elastic element 254 tensionings, fixed clamp block 256 can only be moved along drawing direction left between fixed clamp block 256 and the framework 253.Movable voussoir 252 is connected with actuating mechanism 261 through coupking shaft 251, and can rotate around coupking shaft 251.
Referring to Fig. 8 and combine Fig. 2, shown in 7, an end of two actuating mechanisms 211,261 of safety tongs is fixed on car, or counterweight, or on the associated components that connects with car and counterweight, actuating mechanism 211,261 can be rotated around fixed end.In structure shown in Figure 8; One end of actuating mechanism 211 and actuating mechanism 261 is connected together through synchronizer gear 214; Two calipers move simultaneously about can guaranteeing like this, make two actuating mechanisms 211,261 be fixed on car through synchronizer gear 214 again, or counterweight; Or on the associated components that connects with car and counterweight, two actuating mechanisms 211,261 can be rotated around synchronizer gear 214.
In order to prevent that movable voussoir 202,252 from beating unusually or the unusual rotation of synchronizer gear 214, actuating mechanism 211,261 is connected with synchronizer gear 214 through a false action-proof torsion spring 212,262 respectively.Velocity limiter pull bar 263 is connected through axle with actuating mechanism 261.When elevator surpassed the actuation range of velocity limiter, velocity limiter pull bar 263 pulling action mechanisms 261 moved the actuating mechanism 211 of opposite side through synchronizer gear 214 simultaneously.So movable voussoir 202,252 is lifted; The movable voussoir 202,252 and the fixed parts 213 that lift; 264 contacts; The friction force that fixed parts 213,264 and movable voussoir are 202,252 makes movable voussoir 202,252 further lift, and fixed clamp block 206,256 and movable voussoir 202,252 are fitted with fixed parts 213,264 together.Fixed clamp block 206,256 and movable voussoir 202,252 and fixed parts 213, between 264 mutually mutual friction reach the purpose of stop car.
Effect through the trigger mechanism shown in Fig. 2-4; When lift car or counterweight are descending when meeting or exceeding minimum stop position of its normal operation; Trigger mechanism will make the gradual elevator safety gear action of being made up of Fig. 2,7,8; This progressive safety gear and guide rail mutual friction mutually make the descending and stop of car or counterweight deceleration, play the identical effect of energy disperser.
The concrete implementation of brake equipment, trigger mechanism can have a variety of structures, can't give an example one by one.The technical personnel of knowing mechanical mechanism and elevator is easy to associate change type or other kindred organizations of above-mentioned brake equipment, trigger mechanism.Movable voussoir 202,252 can make 2 into by 1; Main elastic element 204,254 also can make disk spring into by stage clip; False action-proof torsion spring 212,262 can change spacing stage clip into; Trigger mechanism re-packs and 302,302 makes cam of given shape or the like.Such conversion all should drop within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a buffer of elevator is characterized in that: comprise brake equipment and trigger mechanism;
Brake equipment is made up of two parts of caliper and fixed parts, and wherein caliper is installed in car, or counterweight, or with the associated components of car and counterweight connection on, move with lift car or counterweight; Fixed parts is installed in the fixed position in the elevator lifting channel, not with lift car or counterweight motion;
The trigger unit of trigger mechanism is fixedly mounted in the elevator lifting channel;
The descending arrival of lift car or counterweight that and if only if or when surpassing the minimum stop position of its normal operation, trigger mechanism triggers the brake equipment action, the caliper of brake equipment and fixed parts mutual friction mutually make car or the descending and stop of counterweight deceleration.
2. buffer of elevator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said fixed parts is a cage guide.
3. buffer of elevator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise a switch, when brake equipment moved, this switch or simultaneously moved, and the actuating signal of this switch inputs to elevator control gear, triggers the current supply circuit that cuts off actuating device.
4. buffer of elevator as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: said switch is the elevator safety gear step switch.
5. the buffer of elevator of stating like claim 1 is characterized in that: said caliper comprises that framework, fixed clamp block, main elastic element, fixed clamp block limit element, movable voussoir, roller guide, movable voussoir guiding parts, guiding parts are with attaching parts and roller assembly;
Framework is installed in car, or counterweight, or on the associated components that connects with car and counterweight; Roller guide is limited in the side in the framework, a contacts side surfaces of the spigot surface of roller guide and roller assembly; Movable voussoir guiding parts is connected with roller guide or framework; The right side of movable voussoir is provided with a chute, and the guide of movable voussoir guiding parts is stuck in this chute, the path movement that movable voussoir limits along movable voussoir guiding parts; Its right end face of movable voussoir contacts with the another side of roller assembly; Fixed clamp block is arranged on the opposite side in the framework relative with roller guide, and the sidewall that limit element passes framework is connected with fixed clamp block; Fixed parts passes framework and is positioned between movable voussoir and fixed clamp block; Between fixed clamp block and the framework with main elastic element tensioning;
The lower end of movable voussoir is connected with the actuating mechanism of trigger mechanism through coupking shaft, and can rotate around coupking shaft; One end of actuating mechanism is fixed on car through the false action-proof torsion spring, or counterweight, or on the associated components that connects with car and counterweight, actuating mechanism can be rotated around fixed end.
6. like the arbitrary described buffer of elevator of claim 1-5; It is characterized in that: said buffer of elevator is two covers; One end of the actuating mechanism of two calipers wherein is installed in the two ends of a synchronous mechanism respectively through a false action-proof torsion spring, make two calipers be fixed on car through synchronizer gear again, or counterweight; Or on the associated components that connects with car and counterweight, two actuating mechanisms can be rotated around synchronizer gear.
7. the buffer of elevator of stating like claim 6 is characterized in that: said caliper is the caliper of lift car or the descending progressive safety gear of counterweight.
8. like the arbitrary described buffer of elevator of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: said caliper is the caliper of lift car or the descending progressive safety gear of counterweight.
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CN 200810208208 CN101759076B (en) | 2008-12-25 | 2008-12-25 | Elevator buffer |
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CN 200810208208 CN101759076B (en) | 2008-12-25 | 2008-12-25 | Elevator buffer |
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CN101759076A CN101759076A (en) | 2010-06-30 |
CN101759076B true CN101759076B (en) | 2012-06-27 |
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Cited By (1)
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CN108639894A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-10-12 | 浙江工贸职业技术学院 | A kind of elevator stopping device with trigger mechanism |
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CN102180391A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-09-14 | 苏州富士电梯有限公司 | Elevator counterweight safety device |
CN102344072A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-02-08 | 苏州新达电扶梯部件有限公司 | Counter-weight safety tongs of elevator |
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CN102730512A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-10-17 | 卡姆丹克太阳能(江苏)有限公司 | Gradual elevator safety tong |
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CN106044452A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-10-26 | 天津鑫宝龙电梯集团有限公司 | Car type elevator safety clamp linkage structure |
US10889468B2 (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2021-01-12 | Otis Elevator Company | Electronics safety actuator |
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CN107265243B (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2023-08-01 | 无锡市一品电梯配件有限公司 | Constant braking deceleration safety tongs |
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