Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the deficiency that present concrete air-entrainer exists, provide that a kind of foaming effect is good, bubble evenly, stable, can substantially improve concrete workability, pumpability and reduce the preparation method of the concrete air-entrainer of bleeding.The present invention can be widely used in concrete workses such as Steel Concrete, civil structure, highway, bridge, building construction.
The concrete air-entrainer that the present invention proposes is made up of sodium lauroyl sareosine, lauric acid amide of ethanol, polyoxyethylene glycol, gelatine.
The general weight ratio of each component is:
Sodium lauroyl sareosine 100
Lauric acid amide of ethanol 6-12
Polyoxyethylene glycol 5-13
Gelatine 6-14
Further, the mass percent of each component consists of:
Sodium lauroyl sareosine 100
Lauric acid amide of ethanol 7-11
Polyoxyethylene glycol 6-11
Gelatine 7-12
Further, the mass percent of each component consists of:
Sodium lauroyl sareosine 100
Lauric acid amide of ethanol 8-10
Polyoxyethylene glycol 7-9
Gelatine 8-10
The molecular weight of polyoxyethylene glycol that the present invention adds is between 600-4000.
The synthetic method of the used sodium lauroyl sareosine of the present invention is: add a certain amount of lauric acid in the encloses container of being furnished with whipping appts, thermometer, nitrogen gangway; feed nitrogen; be heated to 160 ℃; then to wherein adding sodium sarcosinate (lauric acid: sodium sarcosinate=1: 1 fast; mol ratio), the sarkosine that adds 1% sodium sarcosinate amount is a catalyzer, mixture heating up to 170 ℃; reaction is 3 hours under nitrogen protection, promptly obtains transformation efficiency and be 96% sodium lauroyl sareosine.
Preparation method of the present invention is: by aforementioned part by weight weighing each component, four kinds of raw materials are mixed by physical mechanical stir, and water to transfer to solid content be 30 ± 1% solution.
Among the present invention, sodium lauroyl sareosine is a kind of tensio-active agent, as bleed and diminishing component, after sodium lauroyl sareosine was water-soluble, molecule just aligned on liquid-vapo(u)r interface, had reduced the surface tension of solution, thereby the generation that makes new interface or bubble becomes easier, can make concrete introduce the bubble that diameter is 30-400 μ m in whipping process, bubble accounts for the 3.0%-8.0% of concrete cumulative volume, and concrete water consumption can reduce 7%-10%.The effect of lauric acid amide of ethanol is that it can be adsorbed on the bubble internal surface that is produced by sodium lauroyl sareosine, stops moisture in the concrete immersion process to the soaking into of bubble inside, and makes the unlikely overfill of moisture of bubble inside, have steady bubble and effect.Polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine can increase the bubble wall thickness and increase liquid phase medium viscosity, help to strengthen the stability of the bubble of being introduced by sodium lauroyl sareosine, stable existence is unlikely in inside concrete to assemble in the process, loss to make bubble park, vibrate at concrete.
Air entrapment agent of the present invention is the light yellow solution of solid content 30 ± 1%, and its suitable incorporation in concrete is 0.02%~0.4% of cement (comprising a mineral admixture) weight, and concrete volume should be determined by test according to the required bubbles volume of inside concrete.
Air entrapment agent of the present invention directly adds concrete or the back that is dissolved in the water adds to stir in the concrete and gets final product with other admixture in use.Churning time generally slightly prolongs than normal churning time, and other agitating procedure remains unchanged.
The application performance test raw material of air entrapment agent of the present invention is as follows:
Cement: be the P.II 42.5R type cement that Linyi Yi Zhou Cement Group is produced, specific surface area 310m
2/ kg; Sand: be Yihe sand, fineness modulus 2.64; Stone: be limestone, the continuous grade of 5-31.5mm.
The advantage and the effect of air entrapment agent of the present invention are as follows:
(1) controlling of production process is simple, easy to operate, has very extensive applicability;
(2) water-reducing rate is greater than 6%;
(3) segregation and bleeding obviously reduce;
(4) when air content is not more than 5%, concrete flexural strength can improve 10-25%;
(5) the freeze-thaw-cycle index can reach more than 250 times;
(6) other weather resistance such as basin crystallization crush bad, alkali destruction etc. and also obviously improve;
(7) to the reinforcing bar non-corroding.
Air entrapment agent of the present invention can with the compound use of other concrete admixture, as gas tracting subtractive agent, high-effective concrete gas tracting subtractive agent, concrete retarder, concrete early strength agent, concrete defoamer, concrete thickening material, concrete waterproofer, concrete pump-feed agent, cement expansive material etc.
The present invention have water-soluble strong, good with any other admixture plyability, to introduce the bubble mean pore size less, the bubble stability height, concrete strength is reduced characteristics such as less, be used for civil building, highway, railway, bridge, tunnel, hydro project and anti-concrete, the mortar air entrapment agent of freezing.
Embodiment: below in conjunction with embodiment and application example the present invention is described in further detail, but they are not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 6 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 6 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 5 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, with normal concrete (the same proportioning concrete of this air entrapment agent of admixture not, compare down together), admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 3.0%, and water-reducing rate reaches 5.0%, bleeding rate reduces by 45%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 98%.
Embodiment 2, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 14 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 12 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 13 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 3.2%, water-reducing rate reaches 5.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 48%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 3, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 14 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 6 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 13 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 3.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 4.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 46%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 98%.
Embodiment 4, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 6 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 6 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 13 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 3.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 5.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 47%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 98%.
Embodiment 5, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 14 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 6 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 5 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 3.5%, water-reducing rate reaches 5.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 46%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 98%.
Embodiment 6, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 6 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 12 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 13 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 3.5%, water-reducing rate reaches 5.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 48%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 98%.
Embodiment 7, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 14 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 12 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 5 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 3.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 4.5%, and bleeding rate reduces by 46%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 98%.
Embodiment 8, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 6 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 12 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 5 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 3.5%, water-reducing rate reaches 5.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 48%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 98%.
Embodiment 9, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 7 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 7 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 6 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 3.5%, water-reducing rate reaches 5.5%, and bleeding rate reduces by 54%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 10, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 12 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 11 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 11 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 4.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 6.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 58%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 11, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 12 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 7 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 11 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 4.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 5.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 50%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 12, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 7 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 7 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 11 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 4.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 5.5%, and bleeding rate reduces by 52%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 13, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 12 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 7 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 6 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 4.5%, water-reducing rate reaches 6.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 55%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 14, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 7 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 11 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 11 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 4.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 6.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 55%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 15, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 7 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 11 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 6 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 4.5%, water-reducing rate reaches 6.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 58%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 16, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 12 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 11 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 6 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 4.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 5.5%, and bleeding rate reduces by 58%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 17, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 8 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 8 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 7 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 4.5%, water-reducing rate reaches 6.5%, and bleeding rate reduces by 60%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 18, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 10 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 10 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 9 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 4.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 6.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 60%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 19, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 8 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 8 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 9 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 4.5%, water-reducing rate reaches 6.5%, and bleeding rate reduces by 63%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 20, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 10 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 8 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 9 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 5.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 6.5%, and bleeding rate reduces by 62%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 21, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 10 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 8 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 7 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 5.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 7.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 64%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 22, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 8 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 10 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 9 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 5.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 6.5%, and bleeding rate reduces by 65%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 23, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 8 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 10 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 7 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 4.5%, water-reducing rate reaches 6.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 60%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 24, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 10 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 10 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 7 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 5.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 7.0%, and bleeding rate reduces by 65%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%.
Embodiment 25, concrete air-entrainer of the present invention is mixed with 30 ± 1% the aqueous solution by weight 9 parts in 100 parts of sodium lauroyl sareosines, 9 parts of lauric acid amide of ethanol, 8 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol and gelatine, compare with normal concrete, admixture accounts for this air entrapment agent of cement quality 0.04%, can make concrete 's air-containing reach 5.0%, water-reducing rate reaches 7.5%, bleeding rate reduces by 67%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength rate are all more than 95%, after 250 freeze thawing follow, the ultimate compression strength reduced rate is not more than 8%, and the modulus of moving relatively reaches 93%.