CN101390328A

CN101390328A - Method and apparatus for supporting OFDM and CDMA schemes

Info

Publication number: CN101390328A
Application number: CNA200780006147XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: N·布尚; A·戈罗霍夫
Original assignee: Qualcomm Inc
Current assignee: Qualcomm Inc
Priority date: 2006-02-21
Filing date: 2007-02-20
Publication date: 2009-03-18
Also published as: CN101390324A; CN101385246B; CN101390324B; CN101385271A; CN101385246A; CN101595698A; CN101390323A; ES2357161T3; CN101385272B; CN101385272A

Abstract

Techniques for efficiently sending data in a wireless communication system are described. Code division multiplexing (CDM) or orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) may be selected for each traffic segment, which may correspond to specific time frequency resources. An output waveform comprised of traffic and overhead segments may be generated. Each traffic segment may carry CDM data at a chip rate if CDM is selected or OFDM data if OFDM is selected. OFDM symbols may be generated at a sample rate that may be an integer ratio of the chip rate and may have a duration that may be determined based on the traffic segment duration. The output waveform may carry CDM data and/or OFDM data on subcarriers corresponding to at least one carrier in a spectral allocation and may further carry OFDM data on remaining usable subcarriers in the spectral allocation.

Description

Be used to support the method and apparatus of OFDM and CDMA scheme

Prioity claim according to 35 U.S.C. § 119

The application has required in two application-sequence number No.60/775 of submission on February 21st, 2006,443 the provisional application and the sequence number No.60/775 that are entitled as " Wireless Communication System and Method ", the priority of 693 the provisional application that is entitled as " DO Communication System andMethod ", above provisional application is transferred to the application's assignee, incorporates it into this paper clearly by reference.

Technical field

The application relates generally to the communications field, more specifically, relates to the transmission technology of wireless communication system.

Background technology

Wireless communication system should be used for providing various communication services widely, for example voice, video, grouped data, send out message, broadcasting, or the like.These systems can be multi-address systems, and it can support a plurality of users by sharing available system resources.The example of this multi-address system comprises: code division multiple access (CDMA) system, time division multiple access (TDMA) system, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) system, quadrature FDMA (OFDMA) system and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) system etc.

Multi-address system can adopt one or more multiplexing schemes, such as code division multiplexing (CDM), Time Division Multiplexing, or the like.Can adopt this system, and serve existing terminal.These multi-address systems generally include a plurality of groupings, and described being grouped in takies one or more time slots in the transmission.Desired is in the back compatible that keeps existing terminal, to improve systematic function.For example, desired is that the space technology of employing such as multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) and space division multiple access (SDMA) improves throughput and/or reliability by utilizing by means of the exceptional space dimension of using a plurality of antennas to provide.

Therefore, exist in the prior art for can in the back compatible that keeps existing terminal, supporting the demand of the transmission technology of the advanced communication technology (for example, space technology).

Summary of the invention

At this efficient technology that sends data in wireless communication system has been described.Described technology has been utilized the structure of time slot of the existing design of a kind of back compatible.Described technology also utilizes OFDM (OFDM) to come support space technology and/or other advanced communication technologys effectively.

According to an aspect, a kind of device has been described, it determines except the temporal frequency resource of business datum that is used for sending with CDM and signaling, can be used for the temporal frequency resource of OFDM.Described device is given at least one terminal with the described temporal frequency resource allocation that can be used for OFDM, and via described temporal frequency resource and this terminal switch data of distributing to each terminal.

According on the other hand, a kind of device has been described, it receives the distribution to the temporal frequency resource, described temporal frequency resource be from except the temporal frequency resource of the business datum that is used for sending and signaling with CDM, the temporal frequency resource that can be used for OFDM selects.Described device is via the temporal frequency Resource Exchange data in described distribution.

Various aspects of the present disclosure and feature have below been described in more detail.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows wireless communication system.

Fig. 2 shows the structure of time slot in the HRPD (high rate packet data) (HRPD).

Fig. 3 shows the structure of time slot of supporting OFDM and CDM in HRPD.

Fig. 4 shows and support to be used for the OFDM of single HRPD carrier wave and the structure of time slot of CDM in the 5MHz spectrum allocation may.

Fig. 5 A and 5B show the tile structure with non-rectangle tile (tile).

Fig. 6 A shows several pilot frequency designs of the tile that is used for Fig. 5 A and 5B to 6G.

Fig. 7 shows the frequency hopping that is used for a HRPD carrier wave.

Fig. 8 shows the performed processing of access point that is used to communicate by letter.

Fig. 9 shows the performed processing of terminal that is used to communicate by letter.

Figure 10 shows the block diagram of access point and terminal.

Embodiment

Transmission technology described herein can be used for various wireless communication systems, such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDM and SC-FDMA system.Term " system " and " network " often use convertibly.Cdma system can be realized the wireless communication technology such as UTRA (E-UTRA) of cdma2000, global land wireless access (UTRA), evolution or the like.Cdma2000 has been contained IS-2000, IS-95 and IS-856 standard.UTRA comprises broadband-CDMA (W-CDMA) and low spreading rate (LCR).Tdma system can be realized the wireless communication technology such as global system for mobile communications (GSM).The OFDMA system can realize such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) (it is the part of E-UTRA), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM

Deng and so on wireless communication technology.In document, UTRA, E-UTRA, GSM and LTE have been described from " third generation partner plan " tissue (3GPP) by name.In document, cdma2000 has been described from " third generation partner plans 2 " tissue (3GPP2) by name.These different wireless communication technology and standard are well known in the prior art.

For clarity, below at HRPD (high rate packet data) (HRPD) system that realizes IS-856, the various aspects of described technology are described.HRPD is also referred to as Evolution-Data Optimized (EV-DO), data-optimized (DO), high data rate (HDR) or the like.Term HRPD and EV-DO often use convertibly.Current, HRPD revised edition (revision) 0, A and B are by standardization, and HRPD revision 0 and A are used, and HRPD revision C is just under development.HRPD revision 0 and A have been contained single carrier HRPD (1x HRPD).HRPD revision B has been contained multicarrier HRPD, and back compatible HRPD revision 0 and A.Technology described herein can be incorporated in any HRPD revised edition.For clarity, major part has been used the term of HRPD in the following description.

Fig. 1 shows the HRPD communication system 100 with a plurality of access points 110 and a plurality of terminal 120.The fixed station that access point normally communicates with terminal, and also can be called base station, Node B or the like.Each access point 110 all provides the communication for the specific geographical area to cover, and support is positioned at the communication of the terminal of this overlay area.Access point 110 can be coupled to system controller 130, and system controller 130 provides the coordination of these access points and control.System controller 130 can comprise the network entity such as base station controller (BSC), Packet Control Function (PCF), packet data serving node (PDSN) etc.

Terminal 120 can be dispersed in the whole system, and each terminal can be static or move.Terminal also can be called as access terminal, mobile radio station, subscriber equipment, subscriber unit, stand, or the like.Terminal can be mobile phone, PDA(Personal Digital Assistant), wireless device, handheld device, radio modem, laptop computer, or the like.Terminal can be supported any HRPD revised edition.In HRPD, terminal can in officely mean and regularly be engraved in the transmission that receives on the forward link from an access point, and can be on reverse link transmission be sent to one or more access points.Forward link (or down link) refers to the communication link from the access point to the terminal, and reverse link (or up link) refers to the communication link from the terminal to the access point.

Fig. 2 shows the structure of time slot 200 of supporting CDM on the forward link in HRPD.The transmission time line is divided into a plurality of time slots.Each time slot has the time of implementation of 1.667 milliseconds (ms), and crosses over 2048 chips.For the spreading rate of 1.2288 million chips/sec (Mcps), each chip has the duration of 813.8 nanoseconds (ns).Each time slot is divided into two identical half cracks (half-slot).Each half crack comprises: (i) expense section, and it is by forming at the pilot of these half crack central authorities with in two medium access control (MAC) section of these pilot both sides; And (ii) in two traffic segment of these expense section both sides.Traffic segment be also referred to as traffic channel segments, data segment, data field, or the like.Pilot carries pilot tone, and has the duration of 96 chips.Each MAC section is carried signaling (for example, reverse power control (RPC) information), and has the duration of 64 chips.Each traffic segment carry business datum (for example, be used for particular terminal single wave datum, broadcast data, or the like), and have duration of 400 chips.

HRPD revision 0, A and B use CDM to carry out data in traffic segment and send.Traffic segment can be carried and is used for the CDM data that access point is providing one or more terminals of service.The business datum that is used for each terminal can be based on by the determined coding of the channel feedback that is received from this terminal and modulation parameter and processed, to generate data symbol.Can carry out demultiplexing to the data symbol that is used for one or more terminals, and its Walsh function or sign indicating number with the 16-chip is covered, to generate the CDM data of traffic segment.Thereby, use the Walsh function in time-domain, to generate the CDM data.The CDM traffic segment is the traffic segment of carrying the CDM data.

What can expect is to use OFDM and/or single carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) to carry out data in traffic segment and send.OFDM and SC-FDM are divided into a plurality of orthogonal sub-carriers with available bandwidth, and described orthogonal sub-carriers is also referred to as tone (tone), district (bin) etc.Each subcarrier can be modulated with data.Usually, modulation symbol sends with OFDM in frequency domain, sends with SC-FDM in time domain.OFDM and SC-FDM have specific desired characteristic, for example, are easy to resist the ability of the intersymbol interference (ISI) that the selectivity decline of frequency caused.OFDM can also support MIMO and SDMA effectively, and MIMO and SDMA can be applied to each subcarrier independently, and can provide good performance thus in frequency-selective channel.For clarity, below describe use OFDM and sent data conditions.

What can expect is when keeping back compatible HRPD revision 0, A and B, to support OFDM.In HRPD, pilot tone and MAC section can be carried out demodulation by all effective terminals all the time, and traffic segment only can be carried out demodulation by the terminal of being served.Therefore, by keeping pilot tone and MAC section and revising traffic segment, realize back compatible.Can come in the HRPD waveform, to send the OFDM data by with total duration being 400 or the 400-chip traffic segment of one or more OFDM symbolic appointments of chip still less.

Fig. 3 shows the structure of time slot 300 of supporting OFDM and CDM in HRPD.For simplicity, in Fig. 3, only show a half crack.This half crack comprises: (i) expense section, and it is made up of the pilot of 96-chip and the MAC section of two 64-chips; And (ii) in two traffic segment of these expense section both sides.Each traffic segment is to send in the service interval of 400-chip (interval), and the expense section is to send in the expense interval of 224-chip.In a kind of design, can select CDM or OFDM for each traffic segment.In this design, if selected CDM, then each traffic segment can be carried the CDM data, if selected OFDM, then each traffic segment can be carried one or more OFDM symbols.In other designs, traffic segment can be carried CDM data and OFDM data.For example, traffic segment can be carried the CDM data in half of this traffic segment, carries one or more OFDM symbols in second half of this traffic segment.

Usually, the OFDM symbol can generate based on various OFDM sign digit schemes (numerology) or design.Every kind of OFDM sign digit scheme is associated with the occurrence of relevant parameter such as OFDM symbol duration, number of subcarriers, circulating prefix-length or the like.The OFDM symbol duration should be the aliquot of 400-chip traffic segment, so that make full use of this traffic segment.In addition, the sampling rate of OFDM symbol should be the integral multiple of the spreading rate of CDM data, so that be reduced at the processing on access point and the terminal.

Table 1 has been listed three kinds of examples " routine " OFDM

sign digit scheme

1,2 and 3 and expense two examples " long (long) " OFDM sign digit scheme 1 and 2 at interval that can be used for HRPD of the service interval that can be used for HRPD.These digital scheme are selected as and HRPD structure of time slot and spreading rate compatibility, thereby make: (i) send the OFDM symbol of integer amount in traffic segment or expense section, and (ii) the sampling rate of OFDM symbol is the integral multiple of the spreading rate of CDM data.These digital scheme can be selected as further making that the big or small number of subcarriers of decision discrete cosine transform (DFT) can realize effective generation of OFDM symbol.For these digital scheme, number of subcarriers is not 2 power, but has less prime number factor.For example, use

prime factor

2,3,3 and 5, can obtain 90 subcarriers.Less prime number factor can be realized the realization of mixed radix fast Fourier transform (FFT) effectively, to generate the OFDM symbol.In table 1, n is the positive integer value that depends on spectrum allocation may.Digital scheme shown in the table 1 embeds in the HRPD waveform OFDM data effectively.Can use any conventional OFDM sign digit scheme to come in service interval with OFDM data replaced C DM data.Can use any long OFDM sign digit scheme to come in the expense interval, to send the OFDM data.Other OFDM sign digit schemes also can be used for traffic segment and expense section.

Table 1

Parameter	Conventional OFDM sign digit scheme 1	Conventional OFDM sign digit scheme 2	Conventional OFDM sign digit scheme 3	The digital scheme 1 of long OFDM symbol	The digital scheme 2 of long OFDM symbol	Unit
Parameter	Conventional OFDM sign digit scheme 1	Conventional OFDM sign digit scheme 2	Conventional OFDM sign digit scheme 3	The digital scheme 1 of long OFDM symbol	The digital scheme 2 of long OFDM symbol	Unit	Sampling rate	1.2288×n	1.2288×n	1.2288×n	1.2288×n	1.2288×n	Msps
Number of subcarriers	90×n	180×n	360×n	100×n	200×n		Sampling rate	1.2288×n	1.2288×n	1.2288×n	1.2288×n	1.2288×n	Msps
Number of subcarriers	90×n	180×n	360×n	100×n	200×n		Subcarrier spacing	13.65333...	6.82666...	3.41333...	12.288...	6.144...	KHz
Available part	90	180	360	100	200	Chip	Subcarrier spacing	13.65333...	6.82666...	3.41333...	12.288...	6.144...	KHz
Available part	90	180	360	100	200	Chip	Circulating prefix-length	7.5	16	36	8	20	Chip
Guard time	2.5	4	4	4	4	Chip	Circulating prefix-length	7.5	16	36	8	20	Chip
Guard time	2.5	4	4	4	4	Chip	The OFDM symbol duration	100	200	400	112	224	Chip

Fig. 4 shows and support to be used for the OFDM of single HRPD carrier wave and the structure of time slot 400 of CDM in the 5MHz spectrum allocation may.In the example depicted in fig. 4, this list HRPD carrier wave is positioned near the edge of this 5MHz spectrum allocation may.In the central authorities in half crack, send the pilot and the MAC section of this HRPD carrier wave.Each can carry CDM data and/or OFDM data two traffic segment of HRPD carrier wave.

The OFDM frequency spectrum can be defined as and be included in all usable spectrums except any HRPD carrier wave in this spectrum allocation may.In the example depicted in fig. 4, the OFDM frequency spectrum is included in the usable spectrum of this list HRPD carrier wave both sides.Usually, in the 5MHz spectrum allocation may, can send three HRPD carrier waves at most, and the OFDM frequency spectrum can be got rid of all these HRPD carrier waves thus.

Can generate conventional OFDM symbol for each OFDM symbol period in the service interval.Use the conventional OFDM sign digit scheme 1 in the table 1, this routine OFDM symbol period is 200 chips.Conventional OFDM symbol can carry the OFDM data on following subcarrier: (i) with the corresponding subcarrier of traffic segment that is used for OFDM, and the (ii) subcarrier in the OFDM frequency spectrum.With the corresponding subcarrier of the traffic segment with CDM data on, can make the zero setting of conventional OFDM symbol.

Can generate long OFDM symbol for each OFDM symbol period in the expense interval.Use the long OFDM sign digit scheme 2 in the table 1, this long OFDM symbol period is 224 chips.Long OFDM symbol can carry the OFDM data on the subcarrier in the OFDM frequency spectrum, and with the corresponding subcarrier of expense section that sends with CDM on, can make the zero setting of long OFDM symbol.

Can use the OFDM frequency spectrum to realize to be independent of the traffic segment among the conventional H RPD and the OFDMA channel of expense section work.In Fig. 4, logic channel Ch1 can comprise the traffic segment of HRPD carrier wave, and logic channel Ch2 can be corresponding to the OFDMA channel.The OFDMA channel can adopt general various features in the pure OFDMA system that only utilizes OFDM to transmit.For example, the temporal frequency resource division that can be used for the OFDMA channel can be a plurality of, described can be assigned to terminal.

Fig. 5 shows the design of the tile structure 500 that can be used for HRPD structure of time slot shown in Figure 2.Tile structure 500 has covered HRPD carrier wave in the half crack, and comprises two traffic segment shown in Fig. 3 and expense section.Tile structure 500 is based on conventional OFDM sign digit scheme 2 and the long OFDM sign digit scheme 2 in the table 1 equally.For this design, traffic segment has covered two conventional OFDM symbols and crossed over index is 180 subcarriers of 1 to 180.The expense section has covered a long OFDM symbol and crossed over index is 200 subcarriers of 1 to 200.

Can be a plurality of tiles with the temporal frequency resource division that can be used for a HRPD carrier wave in the half crack.Tile also can be called temporal frequency piece, Resource Block, or the like.What expect is to have the tile of equal sizes (perhaps big or small about equally), so that data processing does not rely on the tile that is distributed.In the design shown in Fig. 5 A, be eight tiles-four " idol " tile and four " very " tiles with available temporal frequency resource division.

Fig. 5 B shows a pair of odd even tile in the tile structure 500 of Fig. 5 A.Each tile is all crossed over the half crack of 833 μ s, and covers average 22.5 continuous subcarriers for each conventional OFDM symbol, and then covers 25 subcarriers for long OFDM symbol.Thus, each tile is included in 90 Resource Units and 25 Resource Units in the expense section in two traffic segment.Resource Unit is a subcarrier in an OFDM symbol period, and can be used for sending a modulation symbol.Each tile all is pseudo-rectangle, and even tile and strange tile are associated with mirror symmetry.Therefore, can be easily the design feature of even tile be attached in the strange tile.

The temporal frequency resource that can also adopt other modes to divide to can be used for OFDM.In another design, can be six tiles with available temporal frequency resource division, each tile covers 30 subcarriers for each conventional OFDM symbol, and covers 33 or 34 subcarriers for each long OFDM symbol.In another designs again, can with the temporal frequency resource division five tiles, each tile covers 36 subcarriers for each conventional OFDM symbol, and covers 40 subcarriers for each long OFDM symbol.Can also replace the half crack, the up duration frequency resource in time slot or certain other times width is divided into a plurality of tiles.Usually, tile can be across any time width, and can cover the subcarrier of any amount equally.Tile can comprise continuous sub-carriers (as shown in Figure 5A and 5B) or be dispersed in subcarrier on the OFDM frequency spectrum.Because in the number of subcarriers difference of distinct symbols in the cycle, tile may have non-rectangular shape, the difference of the quantity of subcarrier may be owing to following reason: (i) between the OFDM symbol period to the inhomogeneous division of subcarrier, and/or (ii) in different OFDM symbol periods, used different OFDM sign digit schemes.For clarity, below describe hypothesis and used even tile shown in Fig. 5 A and the 5B and strange tile.

Fig. 5 A and 5B show for the tile structure 500 under the situation of n=1 in a HRPD carrier wave or perhaps the table 1.Usually, can be the in other words conj.or perhaps any n value defined tile structure of the HRPD carrier wave of any amount.For example, tile structure 500 can carry out convergent-divergent with n, thereby can comprise 8n tile in each half crack.

Available tile can be distributed to terminal in order to transmit.Usually, according to the data needs of terminal, availability of tile or the like, can in appointment scheduling interval (for example, half crack), zero, one or more tile be distributed to this terminal.Access point can send to terminal with business datum, signaling and/or pilot tone in (or a plurality of) tile that is distributed.Pilot tone is access point and the known in advance data of terminal both, and can be used for channel estimating, noise and/or Interference Estimation, coherence data demodulation or detection and/or other purposes.Can send pilot tone based on pilot frequency design (pilot pattern), described pilot frequency design indication is used for the concrete Resource Unit of pilot symbol transmitted.The Resource Unit that is used for pilot symbol transmitted is called as pilot tones in the following description.

Access point can the pilot tones in tile on pilot symbol transmitted.Terminal can be come the channel gain of estimating pilot frequency tone based on the frequency pilot sign that receives from access point.This terminal can based on the estimated channel gain of pilot tones (for example, by to its time of implementation-the frequency interpolation), derive channel gain for other Resource Units in this tile.If the degree of freedom quantity of wireless channel is lower than the pilot tones quantity in tile, then can use for estimating channel gain unwanted pilot tone to transfer to estimate the noise in this tile and the power of interference.

Usually, pilot frequency design can comprise the pilot tones of any amount, and pilot tones can be positioned at the optional position in tile.Can be based between the estimated performance of expense that pilot tone caused and channel compromise, select the quantity of pilot tones.The layout of pilot tones can be based on various considerations, for example, time delay expansion, Doppler's expansion, to the support of the space multiplexing technique such as MIMO and/or SDMA, or the like.

Can be chosen in the interval of pilot tones in the frequency domain based on the time delay expansion of desired wireless channel, wherein, the time delay expansion is the inverse of coherence bandwidth.Less frequency interval between the pilot tones can be used for handling bigger time delay expansion.Can be chosen in the interval of pilot tones in the time domain based on Doppler's expansion of desired wireless channel, wherein, Doppler's expansion is proportional with the speed and the carrier frequency of terminal.The less time interval between the pilot tones can be used for handling bigger Doppler's expansion.

Can also be with pilot tone arrangement for supporting to be used for the space multiplexing technique such as MIMO and SDMA of forward link and reverse link and the accurate orthogonal multiplex of reverse link.Usage space is multiplexing, can send a plurality of data flow simultaneously via by a plurality of transmitting antennas and formed a plurality of space channels of a plurality of reception antenna or layer.Multiplexing for support space, pilot tones can be arranged as group (cluster) in tile.Pilot tones quantity in each group can be equal to or greater than the spatial scalability that will support.Spatial scalability refers to the space channel quantity in wireless channel, and refers to the quantity of the data flow of the transmission that can walk abreast in wireless channel thus.Spatial scalability can be given S≤min{T, R}, and wherein, T is a number of transmission antennas, and R is a reception antenna quantity, and S is a spatial scalability.

Can suppose to fix between the pilot tones of channel response in each group.Pilot tones in each group can be used for estimating the channel gain of different data streams/layer or transmitting antenna.In first design, can be distributed in T different pilot tones in the group for T transmitting antenna, pilot tones of each transmitting antenna correspondence, and can distribute to pilot symbol transmitted on the pilot tones of this antenna from each transmitting antenna.In second design, can be to multiplexing based on sign indicating number of different data streams/layer or transmitting antenna use to pilot tone.In this design, can on all pilot tones of whole group, expand with the pilot tone that orthogonal code will be used for each stream/antenna.For example, can be with the row in 3 * 3DFT matrix, will be used for flowing or the frequency pilot sign of antenna is gone up expansion at three pilot tones (for example, for the pilot frequency design form 0 among following Fig. 6 A) of group.Compare with first design of the corresponding pilot tones of each antenna, second design can provide certain benefits, for example, and channel estimation accuracy of improvement (when stream or the quantity of antenna during) and constant signal and interference power spectrum density less than the group size.Orthogonality when second design has utilized the continuous structure of each pilot group to carry out the channel variation of life period and/or frequency.Also can adopt other modes to send to be used to the pilot tone that flows with antenna.

Can be to different channel conditions, for example, different delay expansion, Doppler's expansion and spatial scalability define different pilot frequency designs.Can be respectively expand time and space interval between being chosen in not on the same group based on desired the Doppler's expansion and the time delay of wireless channel.Some example pilot frequency designs have below been provided.For every kind of pilot frequency design, provide the layout of pilot tones at even tile shown in Fig. 5 B and strange tile (it is non-rectangular tile), and provided the layout of pilot tones at 16 * 8 rectangular tile that in 8 symbol periods, covered 16 subcarriers of equivalence.

Fig. 6 A shows the pilot frequency design 600 of form 0, and it supports moderate time delay expansion (for example, for the OFDM sign digit scheme 2 in the table 1 up to 2.5 μ s) and 3 spatial scalability nearly.In pilot frequency design 600, in 6 groups, each organizes 3 with 18 pilot tone arrangement.Two groups are positioned at the tile top, and in addition two groups are positioned near the tile middle part, and latter two group is positioned at the tile bottom.3 pilot tones in each group can be used to estimate the nearly channel gain of 3 space channels.

Fig. 6 B shows the pilot frequency design 610 of form 1, and it supports bigger time delay expansion (for example, for the OFDM sign digit scheme 2 in the table 1 up to 6 μ s) and 2 spatial scalability nearly.In pilot frequency design 610, in 12 groups, each organizes 2 with 24 pilot tone arrangement.Formed 6 pairs of groups, it is dispersed on 22.5 subcarriers in the tile.Each is to being included in the tile left side one group and another group in the tile right-hand part.Bigger time delay expansion is supported at less interval between the pilot tones.2 pilot tones in each group can be used to estimate the nearly channel gain of 2 space channels.

Fig. 6 C shows the pilot frequency design 620 of form 2, and it supports moderate time delay expansion and the spatial scalability that reaches 4.In pilot frequency design 620, in 6 groups, each organizes 4 with 24 pilot tone arrangement.Two groups are positioned at the tile top, and in addition two groups are positioned near the tile middle part, and latter two group is positioned at the tile bottom.4 pilot tones in each group can be used to estimate the nearly channel gain of 4 space channels.

Fig. 6 D shows the pilot frequency design 630 of form 3, and it supports bigger time delay expansion and the spatial scalability that reaches 4.In pilot frequency design 630, in 12 groups, each organizes 4 with 48 pilot tone arrangement.Formed 6 pairs of groups, it is dispersed on 22.5 subcarriers in the tile.

Fig. 6 E shows the pilot frequency design 640 of format 4, and it supports bigger time delay expansion (for example, for the OFDM sign digit scheme 2 in the table 1 up to 9 μ s) and 2 spatial scalability nearly.In pilot frequency design 640, in 16 groups, each organizes 2 with 32 pilot tone arrangement.Formed 8 pairs of groups, it is dispersed on 22.5 subcarriers in the tile.The time delay expansion that less frequency interval support between the pilot tones is bigger.

Fig. 6 F shows the pilot frequency design 650 of form 5, and it supports bigger time delay expansion and the spatial scalability that reaches 4.In pilot frequency design 650, in 16 groups, each organizes 4 with 64 pilot tone arrangement.All comprise pilot tones in the expense section in two groups of even tile bottom and two groups at strange tile top.These groups are dispersed on 22.5 subcarriers in the tile.

Fig. 6 G shows the pilot frequency design 660 of form 6, and it supports extremely big time delay expansion (for example, for the OFDM sign digit scheme 2 in the table 1 up to 13 μ s) and 2 spatial scalability nearly.In pilot frequency design 660, in 24 groups, each organizes 2 with 48 pilot tone arrangement.Two groups and two groups at strange tile top in even tile bottom all comprise the adjacent pilot tones in diagonal angle.

Table 2

Pilot frequency design	The time delay expansion	Spatial scalability	Expense non-rectangle tile	The expense rectangular tile
Pilot frequency design	The time delay expansion	Spatial scalability	Expense non-rectangle tile	The expense rectangular tile	Form
0	2.5μs	3	15.65％	14％	Form
0	2.5μs	3	15.65％	14％	Form
1	6μs	2	20.87％	18.75％	Form
1	6μs	2	20.87％	18.75％	Form 2	2.5μs	4	20.87％	18.75％
Form					Form 2	2.5μs	4	20.87％	18.75％
Form	3	6μs	4	41.75％	37.5％
Format	3	6μs	4	41.75％	37.5％
Format	4	9μs	2	27.82％	25％
Form 5	4	9μs	2	27.82％	25％	9μs	4	55.65％	50％
Form 5	Form 6	13μs	2	41.74％	50％	9μs	4	55.65％	50％

Table 2 has been summed up 7 pilot frequency designs of Fig. 6 A in the 6G, and the time delay of the being supported expansion of non-rectangle tile and rectangular tile, spatial scalability and the pilot-frequency expense of being supported are provided.Table 2 illustrates, and the expense for different pilot frequency designs in non-rectangle tile and rectangular tile is analogous.For other OFDM sign digit scheme, for example, the conventional OFDM

sign digit scheme

1 and 3 in the table 1, the pilot frequency design that is used for rectangular tile can expand to the non-rectangle tile equally in a similar manner.

Fig. 6 A shows 7 kinds of example pilot frequency designs that can be used for strange tile shown in Fig. 5 A and the 5B and even tile to 6G.Can also define other pilot frequency designs for these strange tiles and even tile.Can also be for can be used for other tiles of temporal frequency resources definition of OFDM, and can be these other tiles definition proper pilot patterns.

This system can support one group of pilot frequency design at different channels situation and spatial scalability design.Can come to select the proper pilot pattern based on channel conditions that can be applicable to certain terminal and spatial scalability for this terminal.In any moment that channel conditions and/or spatial scalability are enough to cause the variation in the pilot frequency design, can be that this terminal is selected new pilot frequency design.Can select pilot frequency design by any entity (access point or terminal), described entity has been visited the relevant information that is used to select.

Tile described herein and pilot frequency design can be used for transmitting on forward link and reverse link.On reverse link, terminal can send dedicated pilot to access point on the pilot tones in distributing to the tile of this terminal.On the forward link, access point can send dedicated pilot to this terminal on the pilot tones in distributing to the tile of certain terminal.

Access point can also send common pilot, and described common pilot can be used by all terminals in the area of coverage of this access point.For example, access point can send common pilot on each the P subcarrier in each OFDM symbol period, and wherein, P can equal 4,8 or other desired values.If there are a plurality of antennas, then access point can circulate between these antenna in frequency with on the time.An example as two antennas, access point can be from the first antenna transmission common pilot on each the 16th subcarrier, on each the 16th subcarrier from the second antenna transmission common pilot, and subcarrier that is used for second antenna and the sub-carrier interleaving that is used for first antenna.

This system can support the frequency hopping of OFDMA channel, so that make transfer of data tolerate footpath, disadvantageous path effect, for example frequency selective fading, narrow band interference, congested (jamming) or the like better.Use frequency hopping, the different tiles in the different piece of OFDM frequency spectrum can be distributed to terminal in different scheduling interval (for example different halfs crack).

Fig. 7 shows and adopts the tile shown in Fig. 5 A and the 5B, for a HRPD carrier wave, the frequency hopping on the temporal frequency plane.In this example, can be 8 tiles of 1 to 8 for each half crack index of definition, and it is distributed to different terminals.Along with the past of time, can be specific tile sequence of terminal distribution.In different halfs crack, can select different tiles, to realize frequency diversity with pseudo-random fashion or certainty mode.The tile sequence of distributing in the terminal in the sub-district also can be pseudorandom for the tile sequence of the terminal in the neighbor cell with respect to distributing to, so that make closely-spaced interference randomization.

Fig. 8 shows a kind of design of the performed processing 800 of the access point that is used to communicate by letter.Can determine temporal frequency resource (piece 812) except the temporal frequency resource of the business datum that is used for sending and signaling, that can be used for OFDM with CDM.Can give at least one terminal (814) with the temporal frequency resource allocation that can be used for OFDM.For piece 814, can with the temporal frequency resource division that can be used for OFDM a plurality of tiles.Each tile can be corresponding to a temporal frequency Resource Block, and can have non-rectangular shape, for example, owing to adopted multiple OFDM sign digit scheme.Each tile based on first's temporal frequency resource of OFDM sign digit scheme definition (for example can comprise, left side service interval among Fig. 5 A), based on the second portion temporal frequency resource of the 2nd OFDM sign digit scheme definition (for example, expense among Fig. 5 A is at interval) and based on the third part temporal frequency resource (for example, the service interval on the right side among Fig. 5 A) of described OFDM sign digit scheme definition.Can be in the described a plurality of tiles of each terminal distribution at least one.Can also use frequency hopping,, be the different tiles in the described a plurality of tiles of each terminal distribution, to realize frequency diversity and interference randomization along with the past of time.

Can from a plurality of pilot frequency designs, select pilot frequency design (piece 816) for each terminal.As an alternative, each terminal can be selected the proper pilot pattern, and selected pilot frequency design is sent to access point.Described a plurality of pilot frequency design can be supported the expansion of different time delay, and can to expand based on the expectation time delay of each terminal be that this terminal is selected pilot frequency design.Described a plurality of pilot frequency design can also be supported different spatial scalabilities, and can come to select pilot frequency design for this terminal based on the spatial scalability that is used for each terminal.Each pilot frequency design can comprise the many groups pilot tones that is dispersed on the tile, and each pilot tones is all corresponding to a subcarrier that is used for pilot tone in the symbol period.Described many group pilot tones of each pilot frequency design can be arranged on the different frequency position and/or different time position of this tile, for example, as Fig. 6 A to as shown in the 6G.

Can be via the temporal frequency resource in distributing to described at least one tile of each terminal, with these terminal switch data and pilot tone (piece 816).For forward link, can send the data to this terminal distributing on described at least one tile of each terminal, and can and be based upon the selected pilot frequency design of this terminal equally on described at least one tile and send pilot tone.For reverse link, can receive data distributing on described at least one tile of each terminal, and can and be based upon the selected pilot frequency design of this terminal equally on described at least one tile and receive pilot tone from this terminal.Can handle OFDM symbol (for example, for the OFDM modulation and demodulation) based on being used for the multiple OFDM sign digit scheme that each distributes tile.Can also can be used for sending common pilot on the temporal frequency resource of OFDM.

Fig. 9 shows a kind of design of the performed processing 900 of the terminal that is used to communicate by letter.This terminal can receive the distribution to the temporal frequency resource, described temporal frequency resource be from except the temporal frequency resource of the business datum that is used for sending and signaling with CDM, can be used for (piece 912) that the temporal frequency resource of OFDM is selected.Described distribution can at the corresponding tile of temporal frequency Resource Block, and can have non-rectangular shape.Described distribution also can be along with the past of time at different tiles, to realize frequency hopping.This terminal can obtain for the selection of certain pilot frequency design in a plurality of pilot frequency designs (piece 914).Can select pilot frequency design by this terminal, and be sent to access point, perhaps select pilot frequency design, and be sent to terminal by access point.Can exchange (for example, send and/or receive) data and pilot tone (piece 916) via the temporal frequency resource in described distribution.Can handle the OFDM symbol based on multiple OFDM sign digit scheme, to come swap data via the temporal frequency resource of being distributed.Also can handle frequency pilot sign based on selected pilot frequency design.

It is some examples that how the different designs key element of classical OFDMA system (tile structure with identical OFDM sign digit scheme and rectangle) are attached in the hybrid system that the tiles on the T/F plane of the pilot frequency design of non-rectangle tile, these tiles and many collection that are used for declining/disturb jump, wherein, in this hybrid system, can will adopt the OFDM composition of distinct symbols digital scheme to be embedded into (for example HRPD forward link waveform) in the existing signal waveform in the mode of seamless back compatible.

Figure 10 shows a kind of design frame chart of access point 110 and terminal 120, and access point 110 and terminal 120 are one of access point among Fig. 1 and terminal.For simplicity, in Figure 10, only show the processing unit that is used for transmitting on the forward link.Be for simplicity equally, access point 110 and terminal 120 are shown as have an antenna.Usually, each entity can have the antenna of any amount.

At access point 110, send (TX) data and signal processor 1010 and receive and processing (for example encode, interweave and sign map) business datum and signaling, and data symbol and signaling symbols are provided respectively.Data symbol is the symbol that is used for business datum, and signaling symbols is the symbol that is used for signaling, and frequency pilot sign is the symbol that is used for pilot tone, and symbol is complex value normally.Pilot processor 1012 is based upon the selected pilot frequency design of each terminal, for this terminal generates frequency pilot sign.CDM/OFDM modulator 1020 receives data symbols and signaling symbols and receives frequency pilot signs from processor 1012 from processor 1010, the symbol that is received is carried out CDM and/or OFDM modulation, and the output sampling is provided.Modulator 1020 can use CDM that the symbol that sends in traffic segment and expense section is carried out CDM and handle.Modulator 1020 can be carried out OFDM to the symbol that sends in the temporal frequency resource that is used for OFDM and handle.Transmitter (TMTR) 1022 is handled (for example, being transformed into simulation, amplification, filtering, up-conversion) output sampling from modulator 1020, and generates forward link signal, via antenna 1024 these forward link signals of emission.

In terminal 120, antenna 1052 receives the forward link signal from access point 110, and the signal that is received is offered receiver (RCVR) 1054.Receiver 1054 is handled the signal that (for example, filtering, amplification, down-conversion, digitlization) received, and the sampling that receives is provided.CDM/OFDM demodulator (Demod) 1060 adopts with the mode of CDM/OFDM modulator 1020 complementations and handles the sampling that receives.Demodulator 1060 can be derived the channel estimating for the wireless channel between access point 110 and the terminal 120 based on the frequency pilot sign that is received.Demodulator 1060 can be handled the sampling that receives of CDM and/or OFDM, to obtain institute's receiving symbol, can carry out Data Detection to institute's receiving symbol with channel estimating then, to obtain sign estimation, described sign estimation is to send to the estimation of the data symbol and the signaling symbols of terminal 120 from access point 110.Receive (RX) data and signal processor 1070 and handle (for example, symbol goes mapping, deinterleaves and decode) described sign estimation, and data and signaling through decoding are provided.Usually, the processing of CDM/OFDM demodulator 1060 and RX data and signal processor 1070 respectively with the CDM/OFDM modulator 1020 on access point 110 and the processing complementation of TX data and signal processor 1010.

Controller

1030 and 1080 is controlled at the operation on access point 110 and the terminal 120

respectively.Memory

1032 and 1082 is respectively access point 110 and terminal 120 program code stored and data.

It will be understood to those of skill in the art that and to use in the multiple different technologies any one to come expression information and signal.For example, the data of being mentioned in the above description, instruction, order, information, signal, position, symbol and chip can be represented with voltage, electric current, electromagnetic wave, magnetic field or magnetic particle, optical field or optical particle or its combination in any.

Those of ordinary skills also will understand, and can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software or its combination at this in conjunction with the described various illustrative components, blocks of the disclosure, module, circuit and algorithm steps.In order clearly to illustrate the interchangeability of this hardware and software, more than various illustrative parts, piece, module, circuit and step carry out integral body according to its function and describe.It still is that software depends on concrete application and is added in design constraint on the whole system that this function is embodied as hardware.Those of ordinary skills can be at every kind of concrete described function of accomplished in various ways of using, and still this realization decision-making should not be construed as and causes breaking away from the scope of the present disclosure.

This can be in conjunction with the described various illustrative components, blocks of the disclosure, module and circuit with general processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete door or transistor-transistor logic circuit, discrete hardware component or its any combination of being designed to carry out above-mentioned functions realize.General processor can be a microprocessor, but in replacement scheme, processor can be any conventional processors, controller, microcontroller or state machine.Processor can also be embodied as the combination of a plurality of calculating devices, for example DSP and microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessor, the one or more microprocessors that combine with the DSP kernel or the combination of any other structure.

Realize in this software module that step in described method or the algorithm can be directly carried out with hardware, by processor in conjunction with the disclosure or both combinations.Software module can reside in the storage medium of RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, eprom memory, EEPRAM memory, register, hard disk, removable disc, CD-ROM or any other form well known in the prior art.Exemplary storage medium is coupled to processor, thus make processor can be from this storage medium sense information, and write information to wherein.In replacement scheme, storage medium can be integrated in the processor.Processor and storage medium can reside among the ASIC.ASIC can reside in the user terminal.In replacement scheme, processor and storage medium can be used as discrete parts and reside in the user terminal.

Provide for above description the of the present disclosure, so that make those of ordinary skills can realize or use the disclosure.To those skilled in the art, be conspicuous to various modifications of the present disclosure, and can be applied to other variations, and can not break away from spirit and scope of the present disclosure in this defined general principle.Therefore, the disclosure is not intended to limit in example described herein, but consistent with the widest range that meets principle disclosed herein and new feature.

Claims

1, a kind of device comprises

At least one processor, be used for determining except the temporal frequency resource of the business datum that is used for sending and signaling, can be used for the temporal frequency resource of OFDM (OFDM), and the temporal frequency resource allocation that will describedly can be used for OFDM is at least one terminal with code division multiplexing (CDM); And

Memory, it is coupled to described at least one processor.

2, device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described at least one processor is a plurality of tiles with the temporal frequency resource division of the described OFDM of can be used for, and is at least one tile in the described a plurality of tiles of each terminal distribution in described at least one terminal.

3, device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, each tile is all corresponding to the temporal frequency Resource Block with non-rectangular shape.

4, device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described at least one processor is a plurality of tiles with at least two kinds of different non-rectangular shape with the temporal frequency resource division of the described OFDM of can be used for.

5, device as claimed in claim 4, wherein, two kinds of shapes in the described different non-rectangular shape have mirror symmetry.

6, device as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described two kinds of different non-rectangular shape with mirror symmetry are associated with the pilot frequency design with mirror symmetry.

7, device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described at least one processor is handled the OFDM symbol based on the multiple OFDM sign digit scheme of each tile that is used to distribute to described at least one terminal.

8, device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, each tile comprises the first's temporal frequency resource that defines based on an OFDM sign digit scheme, and the second portion temporal frequency resource that defines based on the 2nd OFDM sign digit scheme.

9, device as claimed in claim 8, wherein, each tile also comprises the third part temporal frequency resource that defines based on a described OFDM sign digit scheme, described second portion is between described first and described third part.

10, device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described at least one processor was the different tiles in the described a plurality of tiles of each terminal distribution along with the past of time, to realize frequency hopping.

11, device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described at least one processor is selected pilot frequency design for each terminal from a plurality of pilot frequency designs.

12, device as claimed in claim 11, wherein, at least two kinds of different delay expansions of described a plurality of pilot frequency design supports, and wherein, described at least one processor selects described pilot frequency design for this terminal based on the expectation time delay expansion of each terminal.

13, device as claimed in claim 11, wherein, at least two kinds of different spaces classifications of described a plurality of pilot frequency design supports, and wherein, described at least one processor selects described pilot frequency design for this terminal based on the spatial scalability of each terminal.

14, device as claimed in claim 11, wherein, described a plurality of pilot frequency design each all comprise be dispersed in the corresponding tile of temporal frequency Resource Block on many groups pilot tones, each pilot tones is corresponding to a subcarrier that is used for pilot tone in the symbol period.

15, device as claimed in claim 14, wherein, described many group pilot tone arrangement of each pilot frequency design are at least two frequency locations on the described tile.

16, device as claimed in claim 14, wherein, described many group pilot tone arrangement of each pilot frequency design are at least two time locations on the described tile.

17, device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described at least one processor sends common pilot on the temporal frequency resource of the described OFDM of can be used for.

18, device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described at least one processor sends data to this terminal distributing on described at least one tile of each terminal, and on described at least one tile and be based upon the selected pilot frequency design of each terminal, sends pilot tone to this terminal.

19, device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described at least one processor is being distributed to the data that receive on described at least one tile of each terminal from this terminal, and on described at least one tile and be based upon the selected pilot frequency design of each terminal, receive pilot tone from this terminal.

20, a kind of method comprises:

Determine except the temporal frequency resource of the business datum that is used for sending and signaling, can be used for the temporal frequency resource of OFDM (OFDM) with code division multiplexing (CDM); And

Give at least one terminal with the described temporal frequency resource allocation that can be used for OFDM.

21, method as claimed in claim 20, wherein, the step that described distribution can be used for the temporal frequency resource of OFDM comprises:

With the temporal frequency resource division of the described OFDM of can be used for is a plurality of tiles, and each tile is all corresponding to a time frequency resource block; And

Be at least one tile in the described a plurality of tiles of each terminal distribution in described at least one terminal.

22, method as claimed in claim 21 also comprises:

Based on the multiple OFDM sign digit scheme of each tile that is used to distribute to described at least one terminal, handle the OFDM symbol.

23, method as claimed in claim 20 also comprises:

From a plurality of pilot frequency designs, select pilot frequency design for each terminal.

24, a kind of device comprises:

Be used for determining except the temporal frequency resource of the business datum that is used for sending and signaling, can be used for the unit of the temporal frequency resource of OFDM (OFDM) with code division multiplexing (CDM); And

Be used for the temporal frequency resource allocation of the described OFDM of can be used for is given the unit of at least one terminal.

25, device as claimed in claim 24 wherein, describedly is used to distribute the unit of the temporal frequency resource of the described OFDM of can be used for to comprise:

The temporal frequency resource division that is used for the described OFDM of can be used for is the unit of a plurality of tiles, and each tile is all corresponding to a time frequency resource block; And

Be used to the unit of at least one tile in the described a plurality of tiles of each terminal distribution in described at least one terminal.

26, device as claimed in claim 25 also comprises:

Be used for handling the unit of OFDM symbol based on the multiple OFDM sign digit scheme of each tile that is used to distribute to described at least one terminal.

27, device as claimed in claim 24 also comprises:

Be used for selecting for each terminal the unit of pilot frequency design from a plurality of pilot frequency designs.

28, a kind of processor readable medium is used to store and is used for following instruction:

29, processor readable medium as claimed in claim 28 also is used to store and is used for following instruction:

30, a kind of device comprises:

At least one processor, be used to receive distribution for the temporal frequency resource, this temporal frequency resource be from except the temporal frequency resource of the business datum that is used for sending and signaling with code division multiplexing (CDM), the temporal frequency resource that can be used for OFDM (OFDM) selects, and via these temporal frequency Resource Exchange data in described distribution; And

Memory, it is coupled to described at least one processor.

31, device as claimed in claim 30, wherein, described distribution is at the temporal frequency Resource Block with non-rectangular shape.

32, device as claimed in claim 30, described at least one processor is handled the OFDM symbol based on multiple OFDM sign digit scheme, so that via these temporal frequency Resource Exchange data in described distribution.

33, device as claimed in claim 30, wherein, described at least one processor is handled frequency pilot sign based on the pilot frequency design of selecting from a plurality of pilot frequency designs.

34, device as claimed in claim 33, wherein, described pilot frequency design comprise be dispersed in described distribution in the corresponding tile of temporal frequency resource on many groups pilot tones, and wherein, described at least one processor at least one pilot tones in described a plurality of groups each, from least one frequency pilot sign of at least one antenna transmission, in each group from frequency pilot sign of each antenna transmission.

35, device as claimed in claim 33, wherein, described pilot frequency design comprise be dispersed in described distribution in the corresponding tile of temporal frequency resource on many groups pilot tones, and wherein, described at least one processor sends at least one frequency pilot sign that is used at least one data flow in described a plurality of groups each, adopt orthogonal code to expand on each frequency pilot sign all pilot tones in a group.

36, a kind of method comprises:

Reception is for the distribution of temporal frequency resource, this temporal frequency resource be from except the temporal frequency resource of the business datum that is used for sending and signaling with code division multiplexing (CDM), the temporal frequency resource that can be used for OFDM (OFDM) selects; And

Via these temporal frequency Resource Exchange data in described distribution.

37, method as claimed in claim 36, wherein, the step of described swap data comprises:

Handle the OFDM symbol based on multiple OFDM sign digit scheme, so that via these temporal frequency Resource Exchange data in described distribution.

38, method as claimed in claim 36, wherein,

Based on the pilot frequency design of from a plurality of pilot frequency designs, selecting, handle frequency pilot sign.

39, a kind of device comprises:

Be used to receive unit for the distribution of temporal frequency resource, this temporal frequency resource be from except the temporal frequency resource of the business datum that is used for sending and signaling with code division multiplexing (CDM), the temporal frequency resource that can be used for OFDM (OFDM) selects; And

Be used for via unit in this temporal frequency Resource Exchange data of described distribution.

40, device as claimed in claim 39, wherein, the described unit that is used for swap data comprises:

Be used for handling the OFDM symbol, so that via the unit of these temporal frequency Resource Exchange data in described distribution based on multiple OFDM sign digit scheme.

41, device as claimed in claim 39 also comprises:

Be used for the pilot frequency design selected based on from a plurality of pilot frequency designs, handle the unit of frequency pilot sign.