CN101109281A - High-temperature high-pressure clay cake interface agglutination simulating-estimating device - Google Patents
High-temperature high-pressure clay cake interface agglutination simulating-estimating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101109281A CN101109281A CNA2006101033737A CN200610103373A CN101109281A CN 101109281 A CN101109281 A CN 101109281A CN A2006101033737 A CNA2006101033737 A CN A2006101033737A CN 200610103373 A CN200610103373 A CN 200610103373A CN 101109281 A CN101109281 A CN 101109281A
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Abstract
The invention provides a lab device for evaluating the hi-pressure and hi-temperature cementing quality of mud cakes, which essentially comprises a hi-temp and hi-pressure vessel 19, a simulated wellhole 13, an intermediate container 22, a heating and a cooling system, a pressure source and a pressure system, a data acquisition controller 23, a computer 30 and an output equipment 31. The function of the invention is to simulate the in-well pressure and temperature condition, realize such continuous experimental operations as well-hole type filtering of drilling fluid, rinsing and replacing of drilling fluid, injecting of well-solidifying fluid and curing of well-solidifying fluid, etc., simulate and evaluate the impact of in-well drilling fluid and the existing of mud cake on the cementing quality of the interface of the well-solidifying fluid, evaluate the flushing effects of different flushing fluids on circular space, measure the shearing and cementing strength of the interface between the flushing fluid and the circular space, measure the hydraulic cementing strength of the interface between the flushing fluid and the circular space, and provide experimental data for the optimal selection and engineering design for the drilling fluid and well-solidifying fluid in well drilling in oil field.
Description
Technical field
The application's patented invention belongs to oil exploration and development fields oil drilling research and production laboratory apparatus, relates to simulated field pressure and temperature condition under laboratory environment, and testing well is the evaluation appts of first and second interface agglutination quality of well cementation down.
Background technology
The quality of oil (gas) well cementing quality can be estimated by the bonding quality of first interface (cement sheath and sleeve pipe) and second contact surface (cement sheath and stratum).At the construction field (site) to the determining instrument of oil (gas) well well cementation interface agglutination quality, all adopt large-scale instrument cab and cable, mainly contain methods such as acoustic amplitude logging, acoustic variable density log, MAK-2 sound wave and gamma density well logging, an instrument cab needs a large amount of fund inputs, can't be applied to scientific research and laboratory simulation evaluation.At present, because the limitation of acoustic logging, laboratory simulation evaluation about down-hole interface agglutination quality does not also have unified method and standard, the method of indoor test well second interface bonding quality, the general self-control brief test device of Cai Yonging, the mechanical type mechanics method of promptly simple maintenance-pressurization differs greatly with on-the-spot physical condition, and do not take into full account of the influence of environmental factors such as pressure, temperature, the experimental data low precision to experimental result.The present accurate relatively Laboratory Instruments of also unifying moulding is both at home and abroad carried out Simulation evaluation to mud cake quality and curing bonding quality.
Summary of the invention
The present invention lacks the problem of mud cake quality and curing bonding quality being carried out the laboratory simulation evaluating apparatus both at home and abroad at present in order to solve, and proposes a kind of can the test indoor by artificial ground: 1, the clipping knotting strength of first interface, mud cake second interface after the well cementation of oil (gas) cementing slurry for well; 2, the waterpower cementing strength of oil (gas) cementing slurry for well well cementation back second contact surface; 3, different flushing liquors are to the flushing of simulation annular space, the evaluating apparatus of replacement effect experiment.
High-temperature high-pressure clay cake interface agglutination simulating-estimating device of the present invention, described evaluating apparatus mainly comprises high temperature and high pressure kettle 19, simulation wellbore hole 13, intermediate receptacle 22, the heating and cooling system, pressure source and pressure system, data acquisition controller 23, computer 30 and output equipment 31, described simulation wellbore hole group 13 basic compositions comprise simulation drilling rod 62 or analog casing 14 and rigidity simulation wellbore hole 67, the simulation drilling rod is screwed in the screw thread 64 of kettle centre bore, the simulation drilling rod is provided with joint 66, the joint of kettle centre bore is provided with plug wire 69, the simulation wellbore hole lower end is equipped with joint ring 71, simulation wellbore hole 13 is placed in the high temperature and high pressure kettle 19, high temperature and high pressure kettle 19 is furnished with HTHP kettle cover 18, HTHP kettle cover 18 is provided with still center sub 53, still side opening joint 54 and kettle steam vent 16, the simulation drilling rod is by the kettle centre bore high temperature and high pressure kettle 19 of packing into, still side opening joint 54 can be connected with various pressure sources, intermediate receptacle 22 is furnished with intermediate receptacle center sub 58 and intermediate receptacle side opening joint 59, high temperature and high pressure kettle 19 is connected by connecting line 17 with intermediate receptacle 22, one end of connecting line 17 is connected with the still center sub 53 of high temperature and high pressure kettle 19, the other end is connected with intermediate receptacle center sub 58, data collecting system can be gathered the pressure of evaluating apparatus, temperature, the displacement of analog casing, the data delivery of gathering is arrived computer 30, can print by output equipment 31.
Can change drilling rod or analog casing according to requirement of experiment and step.Shown in Fig. 2,3.
Described heating and cooling system comprises that kettle heating jacket 51, the kettle cooling water of high temperature and high pressure kettle 19 advance return pipe line 32,33.
Described pressure source comprises source nitrogen 1, compressed air 2, water source 3 and booster pump 8, and described pressure system comprises each the bar pipeline that connects source nitrogen 1, compressed air 2, water source 3 and booster pump 8 and high temperature and high pressure kettle 19, intermediate receptacle 22.
Described device comprises that also the mud cake detergent line comprises water source 3, water source valve 37, and rinse water pipe joint 27, source of the gas replace valve 57, high temperature and high pressure kettle 19, simulation wellbore hole 13, intermediate receptacle 22, connecting line 17, are connected on flexible pipe and empty container on the still side opening joint 54.
Introduce mechanics in the present invention and sheared mensuration interface agglutination method for quality, realized the experiment condition of unappeasable HTHP in the past, drilling fluid pit shaft formula leak-off, the innovation that the drilling fluid flushing replaces, well cementation liquid injects the equicontinuity experimental implementation have been realized, but thickness drilling fluid, mud cake etc. are to the influence of cementing quality under the real well of Simulation evaluation oil field, and different flushing liquors are to evaluation of annular space developing result etc.To interface shearing cementing strength and the waterpower cementing strength selective determination between well cementation liquid and sleeve pipe, well cementation liquid and the borehole wall,, flushing liquor prescription preferred for overall merit, the well cementation formula of liquid of drilling fluid and mud cake preferably provides experimental data; But the prescription design of OPTIMIZATION OF DRILLING FLUID and well cementation liquid, preferred down-hole displacement efficiency parameter is to improving on-the-spot cementing operation quality, preventing that interlayer from scurrying groove and the protection oil-gas Layer has important directive function.
The feature that the present invention is different from other device is as follows:
(1) the unique multifunctional high-temperature autoclave body assembly of design
Regulate temperature control and pressure system artificial ground, the wellbore liquid leaching loss that can finish artificial ground in this kettle forms mud cake, utilizes circulating system flushing liquor to the flushing replacement of drilling fluid and false filter cake, the injection of cement paste, the work progresss such as maintenance curing of simulation bore hole annulus, for the drilling fluid mud cake performance relevant with drilling well, well cementation cleaning fluid, extraordinary well cementation fluidity can the relevant evaluation experiment provide test platform.
(2) designed and made permeability simulation wellbore hole with emulation
Can select the annular pit shaft of different permeability parameter according to geologic requirements for use, formation, the dehydration situation of cement paste in bore hole annulus of mud cake in the simulation drilling process, drilling fluid consumption 0.8～5L.
(3) drilling fluid of emulation flushing, the replacement circulating system
Under simulation downhole temperature and pressure condition, by two volume kettlies composition circulating system that communicates with the simulation wellbore hole annular space, when fluid dehydration, flushing, communicate, can cut off when carrying out high-potting, flushing, the replacement that can select for use different flushing liquors to finish the simulation annular space by the simulation drilling rod are tested.
(4) pressure stable machine system under the high temperature and high pressure environment
For the good annular space solidfied material of maintenance being carried out the clipping knotting strength test under high temperature, the high pressure, specialized designs one overlap press machine system stably, the influence of when effectively having overcome forcing press work autoclave body and experimental data having been gathered.
(5) simulation well downforce and temperature height can be regulated stable performance according to requirement of experiment
Simulation well downforce of the present invention and temperature height, the maximum working pressure of well cementation liquid can reach 35MPa, solidfied material HTHP maintenance work pressure limit 0～28MPa, operating temperature range room temperature～175 ℃, temperature control system and pressure system working stability.
(6) adopt computer program control computer data acquiring treatment system, automaticity height.
Under experimental pressure and temperature condition, the temperature and pressure curve and the numerical value of computer display setting write down first, second interface compressive strength and cementing strength data that forcing press is measured automatically, and laboratory report can be stored, be printed, provide to experimental data.
(7) apparatus structure is rationally distributed, smooth reasonably operating platform, good looking appearance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of expression high-temperature high-pressure clay cake interface agglutination simulating-estimating device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional drawing of simulation drilling rod in kettle of simulation wellbore hole group;
Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing of analog casing in kettle of simulation wellbore hole group;
Fig. 4 is the second interface clipping knotting strength empirical curve that obtains in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the second interface waterpower cementing strength empirical curve that obtains in the embodiment of the invention.
In Fig. 1,2 and 3, figure notation has following connotation respectively:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1516 17 1819 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 4041 42 43 44 45 46 47 4849 50 51 52 53 54 55 5657 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73。
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, explain high-temperature high-pressure clay cake interface agglutination simulating-estimating device of the present invention in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, of the present invention basic composition is: in this simulating-estimating device, high temperature and high pressure kettle 19, intermediate receptacle 22 have been formed the experimental work environment, and high temperature and high pressure kettle 19 and simulation wellbore hole group 13 are main experiment places; Being distributed in kettle heating jacket 51 around it and kettle cooling water advances return pipe line 32,33 and provides and heat up and cooling condition; Source nitrogen 1, compressed air 2, water source 3, booster pump 8 provide experiment work pressure for the experimental work environment, can provide multiple pressure sources such as air pressure, nitrogen pressure, hydraulic pressure according to experimental nature and pressure limit; Various pipelines and and various valves finish the experimental arrangements such as intensification, supercharging, cool cycles, release of instrument; Booster pump 8, accumulator 9 and press 20 produce the laboratory sample that steady experimental pressure acts on simulation wellbore hole 13 by the bleed pressure control valve; Data acquisition controller 23 and computer 30 are finished the processing of data and are outputed to output equipment 31.
Shown in Fig. 2,3, simulation wellbore hole group 13 basic composition is: simulation drilling rod 62, simulation drilling rod are screwed into screw thread 64, simulation tool joint 66, rigidity simulation wellbore hole 67, the plug wire 69 of kettle center sub, simulation wellbore hole joint ring 71, analog casing special tool 72, the shading ring 73 of kettle centre bore; Change drilling rod or analog casing according to requirement of experiment and step.
At length introduce device of the present invention according to the workflow of instrument below.
As shown in Figure 2, the simulation wellbore hole group is installed: rigidity simulation wellbore hole 67 is contained on the HTHP kettle cover 18 of handstand, and fix with rigidity simulation wellbore hole and kettle attachment screw 68, the simulation wellbore hole joint ring 71 of in rigidity simulation wellbore hole 67, packing into again, twist good simulation wellbore hole joint ring hold-down screw 70, simulation wellbore hole is assembled in the high temperature and high pressure kettle 19, tightens HTHP kettle cover 18 with handle 29.
As shown in Figure 1, each valve is in closed condition before the experiment, turn on the kettle center sub plug wire 69 on the kettle center sub 53, pack into and simulate drilling rod 62, with wrench the plug wire on the simulation drilling rod is screwed on, turn on still side opening joint 54, after adding required drilling fluid from the still side opening with addition funnel, tighten still side opening joint 54, source nitrogen is added crimp head be connected on the still side opening joint 54, tighten kettle steam vent 16, open source nitrogen valve 36 according to the experiment needs, regulate pressure-regulating valve 6 to experimental pressure, open pressurization dehydration valve 56, open kettle dehydration hopper 49, drilling fluid forms mud cake in simulation wellbore hole 13 dehydrations under pressure, the draining hole (see figure 1) of dehydration through simulation wellbore hole 13 outsides enters the exocoel 11 of kettle, flow in the liquid trap 21 fluid loss of experimental period liquid trap 21 under the postscript by kettle dehydration hopper 49.The mud cake and the experiment fluid loss that obtain in the borehole wall are current experiment purposes, close pressurization dehydration valve 56 after experiment finishes, 6 releases of bleed pressure control valve.
The source nitrogen that unloads on the still side opening joint 54 adds crimp head, is connected on the still side opening joint 54 with one of special high-pressure flexible pipe, and opposite side inserts in the empty container; Connect rinse water joint 27 on the side opening joint 59 of intermediate receptacle 22, open water source valve 37, open intermediate receptacle wash-out valve 55, water filling in intermediate receptacle waits water when the center sub 58 of middle container comes out, and closes intermediate receptacle wash-out valve 55; Dismantle rinse water joint 27, connect source of the gas and replace joint 28, back out the plug wire 63 above the simulation drilling rod, the two ends of connecting line 17 are connected kettle and intermediate receptacle respectively, on the joint 53 that is connected on above the simulation drilling rod, the other end is connected on the center sub 58 of intermediate receptacle, open bleed pressure control valve 6, be adjusted to and clean required pressure, then open source of the gas and replace valve 57, the clear water of intermediate receptacle enters simulation drilling rod 62 under the bleed pressure effect, flow out by following hydrophthalmia 65, is flow in the empty by pipeline by kettle side opening joint 54 behind the replacement flushing drilling fluid; After cleaning end, close source of the gas and replace valve 57,, unload connecting line 17, dismantle source of the gas and replace joint 28, dismantle the high-pressure hose that is connected on the still side opening joint 54 with 6 releases of bleed pressure control valve.
From kettle center sub 53, unload simulation drilling rod group with instrument, change analog casing 14 with special tool 72 and load onto (see figure 3), add required experiment well cementation liquid at still side opening joint 54 places, carefully from sleeve pipe, put into the isolation annulus, the light activity sleeve pipe, unload instrument, with the plug wire on the stubborn good kettle center sub 53 of wrench, note not tightening, open kettle steam vent 16, twist good still side opening joint 54, water is added crimp head 24 be connected on the still side opening joint 54, open kettle feed water valve 38, open kettle inner chamber pressurizing valve 42 and kettle exocoel pressurizing valve 44, curing water adds from water simultaneously and enters the kettle inner chamber the crimp head 24, enters the kettle exocoel from kettle exocoel pressurizing valve 44; Can flow out from the plug wire on the kettle centre bore 53 when water is full of kettle inner chamber 12, at this moment tighten plug wire, can flow out from kettle steam vent 16 when water is full of kettle exocoel 11, at this moment tighten kettle steam vent 16 plug wires, each plug wire must be tightened sealing fully.
Set the required heating schedule of experiment at data acquisition controller 23, regulate bleed pressure control valve 6, start high temperature and high pressure kettle 19 heating schedules, open computer 30 simultaneously and start heating pressurization monitoring programme, monitoring experiment process to the required pressure of experiment; When equitemperature is raised to the requirement of experiment temperature, open booster pump pressure-regulating valve 7 to the required pressure of booster pump work, open booster pump switch 61, clear water acts on kettle simultaneously by kettle inner chamber pressurizing valve 42 and kettle exocoel pressurizing valve 44, and it is very fast to rise as pressure, can regulate 46 releases of kettle pressure-relief valve, when equal pressure increases to experiment necessary requirement pressure, close booster pump switch 61, start computer 30 maintenance monitoring programmes, guarantee temperature, pressure stable of maintenance processes.
According to requirement of experiment, if if survey the interface shearing cementing strength, computer 30 programs are set on the cementing strength interface, start the experiment capture program; Close kettle inner chamber pressurizing valve 42, open press pressurizing valve 43 and press drain valve 47, open booster pump switch 61, at this moment the hydraulic pressure of booster pump enters accumulator 9, act on forcing press 20 simultaneously, can guarantee that forcing press 20 output pressures rise slowly, air in the forcing press 20 pressurization uphill process in its chamber is discharged by press drain valve 47, in press 20 pressure processes, the peak value of a variation appears in computer 30 programmed pressures, after measuring the cementing strength (indenter shape of seeing Fig. 1 is a spill) of second contact surface, analog casing also rises thereupon, when waiting analog casing 14 to push up on the plug of kettle center sub 53, begins to survey the cementing strength at first interface, in forcing press 20 pressure processes, computer 30 is gathered the peak value that a variation appears in pressure, measures the cementing strength at an interface, and analog casing 14 is headed in the pressure head Baltimore groove of forcing press 20, when occurring two peak values or pressure on the computer 30 and surpass requirement of experiment, close booster pump switch 61.After the interface cementing strength experiment finishes, open press pressure-relief valve 45, the forcing press release resets.Open kettle inner chamber pressurizing valve 42 and kettle pressure-relief valve 46, lay down the pressure of exocoel in the kettle, open kettle cooling water intaking valve 41 and cool back water valve 48, kettle is cooled off.
According to the experimental selection content, the test determination of waterpower cementing strength, the notes drilling fluid before the experiment, pressurization dehydration, mud clean, inject all steps such as well cementation liquid, heating pressurization maintenance and operation all is same as the test of clipping knotting strength.After maintenance is finished, follow these steps to carry out the glued test of waterpower: close kettle exocoel pressurizing valve 44, computer 30 programs are set on the waterpower cementing strength interface, fill in the data of experiment, configure sampling time interval, start computer 30 program samples data simultaneously, open the glued pressure-relief valve 40 of waterpower, open the glued fine setting of waterpower pressure-relief valve 52, at this moment the pressure of high temperature and high pressure kettle intracoelomic cavity 12 (hydraulic pressure) descends to the glued fine setting of waterpower pressure-relief valve 52 slowly by the high-pressure hose on the still side opening joint 54, poor in the external chamber 11 of high temperature and high pressure kettle and water pressure of high temperature and high pressure kettle intracoelomic cavity 12 formation, when pressure differential reaches certain limit, high temperature and high pressure kettle external chamber 11 pressure (hydraulic pressure) will pass the inner chamber 12 that firming body enters kettle on every side by the aperture (see figure 1) of pit shaft group 13 bottoms, thereby the inner chamber 12 of HTHP kettle and the external chamber 11 of high temperature and high pressure kettle are communicated with, chamber, high temperature and high pressure kettle inside and outside hydraulic pressure jumps over variation simultaneously in short time, and last whole kettle external and internal pressure is identical.On computer 30 program waterpower cementing strength interfaces collection pressure curve, show as, kettle exocoel pressure curve is constant, kettle chamber pressure curve slowly descends, certain a bit on firming body waterpower cement plane destroy, the outer cavity pressure of kettle reduces suddenly, and it is identical that the inside and outside cavity pressure of last kettle is gathered curve, and exocoel water pressure difference is waterpower cementing strength force value in the kettle, then the exocoel hydraulic pressure together descends in the kettle, and waterpower cementing strength experiment is at this moment finished.Open kettle exocoel pressurizing valve 44, open valve body pressure-relief valve 46, lay down the pressure of exocoel in the kettle, open kettle cooling water intaking valve 41, open kettle and cool back water valve 48, kettle is cooled off, clean, simulated experiment finishes.
Further explain device of the present invention and application thereof in the mode of embodiment below.
High-temperature high-pressure clay cake bonding quality evaluation system of the present invention debugging is finished and be applied in the experiment.In the present embodiment, in order to explain device of the present invention all sidedly, present embodiment comprises many operating procedures, mainly comprise: the installation of simulation wellbore hole group, the adding of drilling fluid and pressurization dehydration, the installation that replaces cleaning experiment, analog casing and the injection of well cementation liquid, the experimental procedures such as pressurization maintenance, the test of clipping knotting strength, the test of waterpower cementing strength of heating, but the operating procedure of apparatus of the present invention is not limited to it, can carry out suitable selection as required.
1. preparation before testing
On the instrument panel all valves, pressure switch etc. are in closed condition, pressure system resets.
2, the installation of simulation wellbore hole group
Rigidity simulation wellbore hole 67 is contained on the HTHP kettle cover 18 of handstand, and fix with rigidity simulation wellbore hole and kettle attachment screw 68, the simulation wellbore hole joint ring 71 of in rigidity simulation wellbore hole 67, packing into again, twist good simulation wellbore hole joint ring hold-down screw 70 (see figure 3)s, HTHP kettle cover 18 is packed in the high temperature and high pressure kettle 19, twist good HTHP kettle covers 18 with handle 29, check and carry out further work after errorless.
3. the adding of drilling fluid and pressurization dehydration
Turn on the kettle center sub plug wire 69 on the kettle center sub 53, pack into and simulate drilling rod 62, with wrench the plug wire on the simulation drilling rod is screwed on, turn on still side opening joint 54, after adding required drilling fluid from the still side opening with addition funnel, tighten still side opening joint 54, source nitrogen is added crimp head to be connected on the still side opening joint 54, tighten kettle steam vent 16, open source nitrogen valve 36 according to the experiment needs, regulate pressure-regulating valve 6 to experimental pressure, open pressurization dehydration valve 56, open kettle dehydration hopper 49, drilling fluid forms mud cake in simulation wellbore hole 13 dehydrations under pressure, the draining hole (see figure 1) of dehydration through simulation wellbore hole 13 outsides enters the exocoel 11 of kettle, flow in the liquid trap 21 fluid loss of experimental period liquid trap 21 under the postscript by kettle dehydration hopper 49.Obtaining the mud cake and the experiment fluid loss that are attached in the pit shaft is current experiment purpose, closes pressurization dehydration valve 56 after experiment finishes, 6 releases of bleed pressure control valve.
4. the replacement of drilling fluid is cleaned
The source nitrogen that unloads on the still side opening joint 54 adds crimp head, is connected on the still side opening joint 54 with one of special high-pressure flexible pipe, and opposite side inserts in the empty container; Connect rinse water joint 27 on the side opening joint 59 of intermediate receptacle 22, open water source valve 37, open intermediate receptacle wash-out valve 55, water filling in intermediate receptacle waits water when the center sub 58 of middle container comes out, and closes intermediate receptacle wash-out valve 55; Dismantle rinse water joint 27, connect source of the gas and replace joint 28, back out the plug wire 63 above the simulation drilling rod, the two ends of connecting line 17 are connected kettle and intermediate receptacle respectively, on the joint 53 that is connected on above the simulation drilling rod, the other end is connected on the center sub 58 of intermediate receptacle, open the bleed pressure control valve 6., be adjusted to and clean required pressure, then open source of the gas and replace valve 57, the clear water of intermediate receptacle enters simulation drilling rod 62 under the bleed pressure effect, flow out by following hydrophthalmia 65, replaces behind the flushing drilling fluid by kettle side opening joint 54 to flow in the empty by pipeline.After cleaning end, close source of the gas and replace valve 57,, unload connecting line 17, dismantle source of the gas and replace joint 28, dismantle the flexible pipe that is connected on the still side opening joint 54 with 6 releases of bleed pressure control valve.
5. the installation of analog casing adds with well cementation liquid, curing water
From kettle center sub 53, unload simulation drilling rod group with instrument, change analog casing 14 with instrument and load onto (see figure 4), add required experiment well cementation liquid at still side opening joint 54 places, carefully from sleeve pipe, put into the isolation annulus, the light activity sleeve pipe, unload instrument, with the plug wire on the stubborn good kettle center sub 53 of wrench, note not tightening, open kettle steam vent 16, twist good still side opening joint 54, water is added crimp head 24 be connected on the still side opening joint 54, open kettle feed water valve 38, open kettle inner chamber pressurizing valve 42 and kettle exocoel pressurizing valve 44, curing water adds from water simultaneously and enters the kettle inner chamber the crimp head 24, enters the kettle exocoel from kettle exocoel pressurizing valve 44; Can flow out from the plug wire on the kettle centre bore 53 when water is full of kettle inner chamber 12, at this moment tighten plug wire, can flow out from kettle steam vent 16 when water is full of kettle exocoel 11, at this moment tighten kettle steam vent 16 plug wires, each plug wire must be tightened sealing fully.
6. maintenance is simulated in the pressurization of heating
Set the required heating schedule of experiment at data acquisition controller 23, regulate the bleed pressure control valve and 6. arrive the required pressure of experiment, start high temperature and high pressure kettle 19 heating schedules, open computer 30 simultaneously and start heating pressurization monitoring programme, monitoring experiment process; When equitemperature is raised to the requirement of experiment temperature, open booster pump pressure-regulating valve 7 to the required pressure of booster pump work, open booster pump switch 61, clear water acts on kettle simultaneously by kettle inner chamber pressurizing valve 42 and kettle exocoel pressurizing valve 44, and it is very fast to rise as pressure, can regulate 46 releases of kettle pressure-relief valve, when equal pressure increases to experiment necessary requirement pressure, close booster pump switch 61, start computer 30 maintenance monitoring programmes, guarantee temperature, pressure stable of maintenance processes.
7. clipping knotting strength test
After the maintenance experiment is finished, computer 30 programs are set on the cementing strength experiment interface, close kettle inner chamber pressurizing valve 42, start computer 30 program samples pressure datas, open booster pump switch 61 and start booster pump, at this moment the hydraulic pressure of booster pump enters accumulator 9, act on forcing press 20 simultaneously, the head output pressure that can guarantee forcing press 20 rises slowly, open forcing press pressurizing valve 43 and residual air drain valve 47, the pressure head applies pressure to the lower end of firming body in the pit shaft group chamber, causes the air pressure in the chamber to be discharged by residual air drain valve 47 in the forcing press 20 cure under pressure body uphill process.Pressure curve is directly gathered automatically by computer 30, in forcing press 20 output course of exerting pressure, if firming body is pushed by forcing press integral body, when firming body and simulation wellbore hole borehole wall generation relative motion, at this moment an instantaneous peak value that jumps over variation, the cementing strength of the second contact surface of requirement of experiment that Here it is appear in pressure curve.When firming body is risen on the plug that analog casing 14 pushes up kettle center sub 53 by pressure with analog casing 14, pressure curve begins to rise, begin to survey the cementing strength at first interface, in forcing press 20 pressure processes (indenter shape of seeing Fig. 1 is a spill), when firming body and analog casing generation relative motion, analog casing 14 is headed in the pressure head Baltimore groove of forcing press 20, and an instantaneous peak value that jumps over variation appears in pressure, and the cementing strength at first interface is measured in experiment; (see figure 4) when occurring experimental result or experiment on the computer 30 and finish reporting to the police is closed booster pump switch 61 and forcing press pressurizing valve 43, opens press pressure-relief valve 45 and the press valve 35 that resets, and press resets under the bleed pressure effect; Open kettle pressure-relief valve 46, lay down the pressure of exocoel in the kettle, open kettle cooling water intaking valve 41 and cool back water valve 48, kettle is cooled off.
8. waterpower cementing strength experiment
The waterpower cementing strength is tested it and is annotated that mud, pressurization dehydration, mud clean, inject all steps such as well cementation liquid, heating pressurization maintenance and operation all is same as the test of clipping knotting strength.
After maintenance is finished, follow these steps to carry out the glued test of waterpower: close kettle exocoel pressurizing valve 44, computer 30 programs are set on the waterpower cementing strength interface, fill in the data of experiment, configure sampling time interval, start computer 30 program samples data simultaneously, open the glued pressure-relief valve 40 of waterpower, open the glued fine setting of waterpower pressure-relief valve 52, at this moment high temperature and high pressure kettle intracoelomic cavity 12 pressure (hydraulic pressure) descend to the glued fine setting of waterpower pressure-relief valve 52 slowly by the high-pressure hose on the still side opening joint 54, form a pressure differential in external chamber 11 of high temperature and high pressure kettle and high temperature and high pressure kettle intracoelomic cavity 12, when pressure differential reaches certain limit, high temperature and high pressure kettle external chamber 11 pressure (hydraulic pressure) will pass the inner chamber 12 that firming body enters kettle on every side by the aperture (see figure 1) of pit shaft group 13 bottoms, thereby make the inner chamber 12 of HTHP kettle and the external chamber 11 of high temperature and high pressure kettle scurry logical, high temperature and high pressure kettle inside and outside cavity pressure jumps over variation simultaneously in short time, and last whole kettle external and internal pressure is identical.On computer 30 program waterpower cementing strength interfaces collection pressure curve, show as, kettle exocoel pressure curve is constant, kettle chamber pressure curve slowly descends, cavity pressure reduces suddenly outside certain some upper kettle, it is identical that the inside and outside cavity pressure of last kettle is gathered curve, the inside and outside cavity pressure difference of kettle is waterpower cementing strength force value, and then the inside and outside cavity pressure of kettle together descends, and (see figure 5) is finished in waterpower cementing strength experiment at this moment.Open kettle exocoel pressurizing valve 44, open valve body pressure-relief valve 46, lay down the pressure of exocoel in the kettle, open kettle cooling water intaking valve 41, open kettle and cool back water valve 48, kettle is cooled off, clean, experiment finishes.
24 hours bonding quality contrast experiments of the different slurries of table 1
| Sequence number | The well cementation formula of liquid | Slurry density (g/cm 3) | The second interface medium | Curing time (hour) | Press-cutting value (MPa) | Cementing strength value (MPa) | |
| 1 | Good magnificent G level+44% water | 1.88 | |
24 | 13.36 | 1.27 | 135℃/ |
| 2 | Integrated working solution | 1.60 | |
24 | 13.18 | 1.19 | 135℃/ |
| 3 | Good magnificent G level+44% water | 1.88 | |
24 | 5.23 | 0.43 | 135℃/ |
| 4 | Integrated working solution | 1.55 | |
24 | 12.78 | 1.06 | 135℃/25MPa |
Second interface clipping knotting strength empirical curve that present embodiment obtains and second interface waterpower cementing strength empirical curve are illustrated respectively in the Figure 4 and 5.
See that from result of the test different second interfaces obtain different performance parameter values under same experimental conditions, performance parameter contrasts.Under the chiltern interface conditions, interface cementing strength difference after cement paste and integrated working solution solidify is little, when having mud cake to exist, the interface shearing cementing strength after cement paste and integrated working solution solidify has very big-difference, and the waterpower cementing strength has a great difference.We can improve the interface shearing cementing strength by the prescription that improves mud cake quality or flushing liquor, cement paste.
Find out significantly that from the operating process and the result of the test of present embodiment high-temperature high-pressure clay cake interface agglutination simulating-estimating device of the present invention can be tested indoor by artificial ground: the clipping knotting strength of first interface, 1 oil (gas) cementing slurry for well well cementation back, mud cake second interface; The waterpower cementing strength of 2 oil (gas) cementing slurry for well well cementation back second contact surface; 3 different flushing liquors are to flushing, the replacement effect of simulation annular space.
Claims (4)
1. high-temperature high-pressure clay cake interface agglutination simulating-estimating device, described evaluating apparatus mainly comprises high temperature and high pressure kettle (19), simulation wellbore hole (13), intermediate receptacle (22), the heating and cooling system, pressure source and pressure system, data collecting system, computer (30) and output equipment (31), it is characterized in that, described simulation wellbore hole group (13) basic composition comprises simulation drilling rod (62) or analog casing (14) and rigidity simulation wellbore hole (67), the simulation drilling rod is screwed in the screw thread (64) of kettle centre bore, the simulation drilling rod is provided with joint (66), the joint of kettle centre bore is provided with plug wire (69), the simulation wellbore hole lower end is equipped with joint ring (71), simulation wellbore hole (13) is placed in the high temperature and high pressure kettle (19), high temperature and high pressure kettle (19) is furnished with HTHP kettle cover (18), HTHP kettle cover (18) is provided with still center sub (53), still side opening joint (54) and kettle steam vent (16), the simulation drilling rod is by the kettle centre bore high temperature and high pressure kettle (19) of packing into, still side opening joint (54) can be connected with various pressure sources, intermediate receptacle (22) is furnished with intermediate receptacle center sub (58) and intermediate receptacle side opening joint (59), high temperature and high pressure kettle (19) is connected by connecting line (17) with intermediate receptacle (22), one end of connecting line (17) is connected with the still center sub (53) of high temperature and high pressure kettle (19), the other end is connected with intermediate receptacle center sub (58), data collecting system can be gathered the pressure of evaluating apparatus, temperature, the displacement of simulation drilling rod, the data delivery of gathering is arrived computer (30), can print by output equipment (31).
2. high-temperature high-pressure clay cake interface agglutination simulating-estimating device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described heating and cooling system comprises that kettle heating jacket (51), the kettle cooling water of high temperature and high pressure kettle (19) enter return pipe line (32), (33).
3. high-temperature high-pressure clay cake interface agglutination simulating-estimating device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pressure source comprises source nitrogen (1), compressed air (2), water source (3) and booster pump (8), and described pressure system comprises each the bar pipeline that connects source nitrogen (1), compressed air (2), water source (3), booster pump (8) and high temperature and high pressure kettle (19), intermediate receptacle (22).
4. high-temperature high-pressure clay cake interface agglutination simulating-estimating device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises the mud cake detergent line, described mud cake detergent line comprises water source (3), water source valve (37), and rinse water pipe joint (27), source of the gas replace valve (57), high temperature and high pressure kettle (19), simulation wellbore hole (13), intermediate receptacle (22), connecting line (17), are connected on flexible pipe and empty container on the still side opening joint (54).
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