CN101109192B - Detachable building - Google Patents

Detachable building Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101109192B
CN101109192B CN2007101301114A CN200710130111A CN101109192B CN 101109192 B CN101109192 B CN 101109192B CN 2007101301114 A CN2007101301114 A CN 2007101301114A CN 200710130111 A CN200710130111 A CN 200710130111A CN 101109192 B CN101109192 B CN 101109192B
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China
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building
roof
extension
floor
extensions
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN101109192A (en
Inventor
罗伯特·格雷厄姆·巴里
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Priority claimed from AU2006903916A external-priority patent/AU2006903916A0/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/344Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts
    • E04B1/3442Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts folding out from a core cell
    • E04B1/3444Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts folding out from a core cell with only lateral unfolding

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

A building, comprising: a rectangular central structure having a horizontal roof section, a floor section and at least one support member for supporting the roof section; (b) two roof extensions, each roof extension pivotally attached to a side of the roof section by an offset hinge such that each roof extension can pivot from a first horizontal position to a second vertical position, wherein in the first position the two roof extensions are offset in a vertical direction with respect to the roof section; (c) two floor extensions, each pivotally attached to a side of the floor section such that each floor extension can pivot from a first horizontal position to a second vertical position; wherein during transport or storage of the building, the two roof extensions and the two floor extensions are each in a second vertical position with the floor extensions resting within the roof extensions.

Description

The removable building that closes
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of building, more specifically, relate to a kind of removable building construction that closes, this building construction can easily convert a configuration that is suitable for as the dwelling use to from a configuration that is suitable for transporting.Alternatively, the removable building that closes can comprise an assembly in the bigger building construction.
Background technology
In this manual, when mentioning or discussing document, knowledge regulations or project, described mention or discuss be not admit described document, knowledge regulations or project or its be combined in arbitrarily priority date public use, for known to the public, be the part of common sense; Perhaps be known as relevant with the trial that solves any problem that this manual relates to.
Although the present invention will discuss at the removable structure that closes, the wherein said removable structure that closes can carry out long-distance transportation and can be used as the household with the freight container means of transportation, but should understand, the present invention is not so limited, in addition, the removable structure that closes of the present invention can be used in large-scale application scenario, comprises office, service depot, show area or the like.
The containerzation transportation is in the shipment that thoroughly changes goods 20th century.Today, general 90% non-bulk cargo transports by the container that is deposited on the cargo ship in the world wide.Therefore, in order to utilize shipping infrastructure to be very suitable for the fact of container handling, the trial that can transport building work is provided, has wherein saidly transported the size of building and the size of standard freight container is complementary, thereby can easily carry out long-distance transportation.Usually, such building will be used to be transported to an expection place, in described place, unload described building from conveying arrangement, and it is assembled and be connected on the local facility, such as water, piping system, electric and combustion gas.
For example, converting waste and old shipping container to the structure of can living is known technology, and wherein said structure is firm, removable and relatively cheap owing to it, thereby as household, office, act of rescue place and many other purposes.During 1991 Gulf War, container is through being often used as army personnel's shelter.At closer 2005, that 54 numbering heads in New York build up was one that be made up of 156 shipping containers, be called as " nomadic museum " provisional structure, as the exhibition room of photo exhibition.When exhibition finished, this structure was disassembled and is transported to the Santa Monica of California, re-assemblies at this place.
So tear one of them shortcoming of closing open and be that the free space that internal volume provided of shipping container is very limited.In addition, thus described tearing open close common needs and cut Chuan Bibu, structure died down do not reach ISO (International Standards Organization) grade.Do not possess the ISO grade, then container can not transport as container once more.
WO 98/02626 (Kalinowski) relates to a kind of portable type building, and this building can be folding fully, being enclosed in the inside of shipping container, thereby is convenient to transportation and storage.This building comprises the main support member of a rigidity, and wherein floor, wall portion and roof parts can fold in the described main support member.
WO 2005/106147 (Gibson) relates to a kind of fabrication, this fabrication has the shape of shipping container substantially, and can be mentioned or can be disposed in the goods stock by crane, wherein said goods stock has a freight container that is loaded in the conventional load-carrying at top.This building can be assembled by roof and floor extension are produced from major part, and roof parts is angular deflection with respect to major part usually, perhaps rides on the major part, enters building to prevent rainwater.In use, this special fabrication that the used name of its market sale is called " Habode " comprises big metal mainstay or support member in each end, and this makes structure increase sizable weight, is lifting and needed strength between the delivery period thereby increased.In addition, described pillar extends beyond the boundary of container main body, the building size is increased surpassed conventional Container Dimensions, makes described building inconvenience transport on the vehicle of the container that is designed for the transportation clearance size criteria.
US-2002/0116878 (Ciotti) but a kind of portable type dwelling structure thing that formed by deformable rectangular closed body, that specially build up by engineering purpose has been described, wherein said rectangular closed body has the size of ISO shipping container and comprises a base housing, and described base housing have can be folded-out to form the hinged outer wall and the inwall of wall portion and continuous roofdeck.Wall portion can take over and wiring in advance in advance, gets ready for being connected to be positioned at the structure outside and to be positioned at on-the-spot suitable source of supply.
WO 93/20297 (people such as Morris) relates to a kind of portable building unit, and this building unit can fold and can be used as the standard cargo shipping container and load onto ship and transport.Building wall, floor and roofing slab are hinged, and form the sidewall of container when being in closed state.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of building, comprising:
(a) a rectangular centre structure with horizontal roof part and a ground plate portion;
(b) two roof extensions, each roof extension is attached on the sidepiece of roof parts pivotally by an off normal hinge (offsethinge), make that each roof extension can be from first pivoted to second vertical position, wherein, on primary importance, two roof extension in the vertical directions are with respect to roof parts dislocation skew (offset);
(c) two floor extensions, each floor extension are attached on the sidepiece of ground plate portion pivotally, make that each floor extension can be from first pivoted to second vertical position;
Wherein, at the transportation or the memory period of this building, two roof extensions and two floor extensions are positioned on second vertical position separately, and the floor extension leans against in the roof extension.
Usually, when roof and floor extension were in the second place, building was in the dismounting configuration and is suitable for transportation or storage; And when roof and floor extension were in primary importance, building then was in assembled state and can lives or can install to live it.
Usually, two floor extensions and two roof extensions can be locked in the primary importance or the second place.Floor and roof extension can independently pivot between first and second positions.For example, floor and roof extension can pivot around traditional bearing pin/telescopic hinged system or other simple hinges separately.Preferably, the floor extension pivots around one " piano " hinge, thereby when the floor extension was in primary importance, ground plate portion and floor extension all are positioned at same plane, and be very close to each other.This has just formed the continuous elongated area of floor platform.One of them advantage of the pivot system of these types is that it can repeatedly use, that is repeatedly assembly and disassembly and can be moved the different location of building of the present invention.
When two roof extensions were in primary importance, it was positioned at same plane usually, and this plane is with respect to the plane dislocation skew of roof parts.Gap between roof parts and two the roof extensions can be by for example window or Weather sealed such structural member overlap joint (bridged).Usually also comprise the gutter that is provided with along the edge of one or more roofs extension.
Common building of the present invention has two roof extensions and two floor extensions on each sidepiece of rectangular centre structure.Those skilled in the art it will be appreciated that building of the present invention can have roof or the floor extension on two or more each sidepieces that is positioned at the rectangular centre structure.
When building is disassembled and roof extension and floor extension when all being positioned at second vertical position, between contiguous roof and floor extension, have long and narrow gap or recess usually.This recess can be used as the storage area.For example, it can be used for storage organization parts, structural framing or independently wall portion and plate, and wherein said wall portion and plate can be placed on the centre of contiguous roof and floor extension in the building of assembling, to form inside and outside wall or link plate.In addition, when building was disassembled, other objects can be stored in the main body of building.These objects will be attached in the building construction (for example window, door, extra plate or structural support) when building construction is assembled.Alternatively, described object can be will be as fixture or the object of facility (for example household electrical appliance (whitegoods), piping system or furniture) within doors when building construction is assembled.
Usually at transportation or memory period, building of the present invention has the size identical with the ISO freight container, thereby can utilize existing infrastructure that freight container is lifted, loads and unloads, stores and transports.In a preferred implementation of the present invention, when building of the present invention was disassembled, two roof extensions extended beyond the end of rectangular centre structure a little and provide some protective effect for described structure.Yet preferably, the size of the overall size of building and ISO freight container is suitable.
Container has five kinds of general full-lengths, promptly 6.1,12.2,13.7,14.6 and 16.2 meters.The container volume measures by twenty-foot equivalent unit (TEU), is equivalent to the container cargo volume and equals 39 square metres, perhaps is equivalent to the container (that is meter wide * 2.59,6.10 meters long * 2.44 meter high) of a standard.On the basis of this standard dimensions, has varying dimensions.Today many containers be 2TEU or " 40 feet equivalents " (FEU).The height that high cube container has is 2.9 meters.When mentioning container, be not the height of considering container usually by TEU.
Preferably, the volume that building of the present invention had is a TEU or a FEU.More preferably, at transportation and memory period, the outer height that building had is that 2.5 to 3.5 meters, outer width are that 2.0 to 3.0 meters insied widths then are 1.5 to 2.0 meters.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the building that is configured for transporting or store can be authenticated to be and be suitable for use as freight container, for example, meet the ISO certification requirement and can be used as a freight container be used for the transportation.
Usually, the building that is in the dismounting configuration has enough structural strengths and integrality, makes this building can be picked up, load and unload and transport, as same freight container.Freight container is often stacked becomes to make effective use in the utilized space on boat deck, train body or the lorry vehicle frame to reach maximization.Thereby preferably, be in the load that the building of dismantling under the configuration of the present invention can support other containers.Usually building has one or more steel work support members, described support member is combined in the rectangular centre structure, be the load that building provides enough intensity to case with support set, wherein said building can transport or store under described container.Structural support can be enough strong supporting at least one other building of the present invention, thereby wherein both are in assembled state the multilayer dwelling are provided.
In another embodiment, the removable building that closes of the present invention be one more edifice a part or be combined in this more in the edifice.For example, building of the present invention can comprise the assembly in the edifice more.Again for example, according to two or more examples of the present invention (example) can by side by side or end to end mode stack or place.
In a special preferred implementation, be placed with one according to two assemblies of the present invention and be positioned at another top, thereby form the pair of lamina building.The floor extension of the roof extension abut upper assembly of following building.As planning to comprise between the assembly and following assembly stair in the above, then the roof of adjacency and floor extension can be provided with corresponding opening or the movable part that stair can be placed on this place.For example, stair can be the winding staircases of such type, and promptly it can flat pack (flat packed), then at assembly process, can top bar around the center-pole attachment again or launch step.
In addition, because therefore two roof extensions have a gap between the roof parts of the ground plate portion of assembly and following assembly in the above with respect to roof parts dislocation skew.This cavity can be used for placing pipeline or circuit along the length direction of building, for top and following assembly provides service.
Relevant assembling:
As mentioned above, when two roof extensions and floor extension are in first horizontal level on each sidepiece that is positioned at the rectangular centre structure, can install to make the usefulness of inhabitation building.In one embodiment, building is set at one to have facility within doors, fixture and optionally on the place of furniture, so just makes that this building is suitable for using immediately, only needs to be connected to such as on piping system, sewerage system and the facility such as electric.
Alternatively, building can be provided with such as fixture and such object such as facility within doors, is used for being attached to when building construction is assembled building construction (for example window, door, extra plate or structural support).Before living, need assemble described structure by these objects.
For example, structural support, rectangular centre structure, roof extension and floor extension can provide an inner and outer plates can easily be attached frame body on it.Described plate can be attached but be preferably by a buckle (click-fit) or sliding system by any convenient means attachment, and the use that wherein said buckle or sliding system can make tool reaches and minimizes or do not need tool using.
Plate can be to be suitable for depending on the circumstances doing interior or topical and can being used for building separation is become the plate of any kind in room or living space.For example, as need high density to live, a volume is that the building of 2FEU can easily be separated into 8 separate rooms, and alternatively, wherein each room has an inner room bathroom.Such structure will be quite useful for the situation that high density, short-term are lived for example.
As previously mentioned, two roof extensions are with respect to roof parts dislocation skew, thereby form a recess or a cavity that extends along the length direction of building, and can place the pipeline or the electric wiring of piping system in this recess or cavity.Alternatively, this cavity can be covered in.Alternatively, the pipeline of piping system can be placed on building down, places it in the trench before the on-the-spot installation of building usually.
Before placed building of the present invention location, carrying out other preparations will suit.For example, building can be placed on the concrete table top of cast in advance, wherein has been placed with piping system, sewerage system and optional electric wiring in this table top, has carried out the preparation that is connected on the building.
The present invention further provides a kind of method that shelter is provided, comprise step: transport according to one or more building of the present invention, and one or more building location is placed on the place.
Description of drawings
Now with reference to following accompanying drawing various embodiment/aspects of the present invention are described, wherein said accompanying drawing shows non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, and described accompanying drawing is specially:
Fig. 1 a is the plan view that is in the building of the present invention of disassembly status, and the residing configuration of wherein said building is suitable for storing or transporting;
Fig. 1 b and 1c are plan view, have shown the floor of the building that is used for Fig. 1 and the pivotal part of roof extension in further detail;
Fig. 2 is the plan view that is in the building among Fig. 1 of part assembled state;
Fig. 3 be under the assembled state, according to the plan view of the building of an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is two plan views that are in the building among under the assembled state, that form the pair of lamina fabrication, Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the stereogram that is in building under the disassembly status, among Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the stereogram that is in building under the part assembled state, among Fig. 2;
Fig. 7 is the stereogram that is in building under the complete assembled state, among Fig. 3;
Fig. 8 is the stereogram of the building among Fig. 7, has built up the building that is used to live thereby wherein inserted wallboard;
Fig. 9 a and 9b are the side elevational view of the building among Fig. 7, and wherein said building contains wallboard and door-plate;
Figure 10 a is the floor plan of the building among Fig. 7, and wherein said building is separated in inside can provide eight rooms; Figure 10 b and 10c have shown pipe arrangement plan view and electric power and illumination plane figure respectively.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 a is depicted as and is in the building of the present invention (1) that is used to the disassembly status storing or transport, and wherein said building (1) has the size that is complementary with high top (high-top) freight container.In this configuration, two roof extensions (12a, 12b) are positioned at second vertical position, and together define the outer limit that forms fabrication with horizontal roof part (7) and ground plate portion (10).Floor extension (15a, 15b) leans against in the roof extension.The roof extension can be around the pivotal part that is made of hinge (14a, 14b) rotation, and the floor extension then can rotate around the pivotal part that is made of hinge (17a, 17b).In this configuration, building has the general size of standard freight container, and particularly, outside dimension is 2.9 meters (height) * 2.4 meter (wide, as to measure the outside of each roof extension (12a, 12b)).The internal voids space has be of a size of 2.8 meters (height) * 1.8 meter (wide, as to measure) between two floor extension (15a, 15b).
Fig. 1 b is depicted as a part that is in the building of the present invention (1) that is used to the disassembly status storing or transport, has the roof extension (12b) and the floor extension (15b) that are positioned at vertical position among the figure.The roof extension can be around pivotal part (14b) rotation, and the floor extension then can rotate around pivotal part (17b).Fig. 1 c is depicted as the roof extension (12b) that rotates to horizontal level around pivotal part (14b).
Figure 2 shows that the building (1) among the Fig. 1 that is in the part assembled state.In this diagram, the one (12a) in two roof extensions is positioned at second vertical position, and another roof extension (12b) then is positioned at first horizontal level.A floor extension (15a) leans against in the roof extension, and another floor extension (15b) then extends into ground plate portion (10) and is in the coplane state.
Figure 3 shows that the building (1) among the Fig. 1 that is under the complete assembled state.This building comprises that one has the rectangular centre structure (5) of horizontal roof part (7) the ground plate portion (10) parallel with.In this embodiment, be that division center body (5) provides vertical support (only summary is shown among the figure) by open frame spare (6a, 6b).
Two roof extensions (12a, 12b) are attached on each sidepiece of roof parts (7) by hinge (14a, 14b).In this view, shown roof extension (12a, 12b) is in first horizontal level, in addition, two roof extensions (12a, 12b) coplane, but with respect to the plane in the vertical direction dislocation skew (offset) of described roof parts (7).In this embodiment, the length of roof parts (7) is 1.8 meters, then about separately 2.8 meters of the length of roof extension (12a, 12b), and the plane in the vertical direction of roof extension is offset about 39 centimetres from the plane dislocation of roof parts (7).
Two floor extensions (15a, 15b) by hinge (17a, 17b) be attached in ground plate portion (10) each sidepiece on, and shown in the figure for being in first horizontal level.In this embodiment, the length of ground plate portion (10) is 1.8 meters, then about separately 2.8 meters of the length of two floor extensions (15a, 15b).
Described building can comprise that also one can spread the extension of (applied) panel (decking) on it.This support member can skid off one inside from floor extension (15a).
One steel support structure spare (18) is positioned at floor extension (15a) and the centre of the roof extension (12a) that stretches out accordingly.
Fig. 4 has shown as one and has been used to form building assembly, shown in Figure 3 of edifice more.One in the assembly (1,2) is positioned on another.Following assembly (1) has a rectangular centre structure (5), horizontal roof part (7), a ground plate portion (10) and two floor extensions (15a, 15b).Corresponding floor extension (15 ' a, 15 ' b) in the extension of two roof extensions (12a, 12b) abut upper assembly floor.
Two roof extensions (12a, 12b) of following assembly are with respect to roof parts (7) dislocation skew, thereby formation one gap between the ground plate portion (10 ') of the roof parts of assembly (7) and top assembly below.This gap can be used in along the length direction of building and settles pipeline or circuit, is used to top assembly and following assembly that service is provided.
Similarly, above assembly two roof extensions (12 ' a, 12 ' b) is with respect to roof parts (7 ') dislocation skew, thus form one can be with a device recess placed within such as air conditioner (20).
Fig. 5-7 for respectively in Fig. 1-3 with the stereogram of the building shown in the plan view.Fig. 8 is the stereogram of the building among Fig. 7, wherein, has inserted exterior panel (25), thereby has built up the building that is used to live.Can insert inside panel (not seeing among the figure), inside is separated into a plurality of rooms or life zone.For example, volume is that the foundation of 2TEU building of the present invention can easily be separated into the suitable room of 8 sizes, and each room has an inner room bathroom.
Fig. 9 a and 9b are the side elevational view of the building among Fig. 7, and described building contains wallboard and door-plate.In Fig. 9 a, door (20) is arranged in frame body, described frame body comprise horizontal roof part (7), plate portion (10) and open frame spare (6a, 6b).Each sidepiece at door, wallboard (22a, 22b) is positioned at a frame body, thereby finished the sealing of building end, wherein said frame body comprises two roof extensions (12a, 12b), floor extension (15a, 15b) and supporting strut (18a, 18b).Sidepiece part at building, insert other wallboard (22c is to 22g), described wallboard is separated by window arrangement spare (32a is to 32d), and described window arrangement spare is then become by the existing structure member frame of building, comprises floor extension, roof extension and supporting strut.
Figure 10 a is the floor plan of the building among Fig. 7, provides eight rooms thereby in inside described building separated, and each room all has an inner room bathroom.Each room is enough big, comprises bed (35), an eight bushels cabinet (36) and cover tables and chairs (37).Each room has an inside door (42) towards the inner room bathroom, and described bathroom comprises a toilet (43), vanity unit (44) and shower place (45).Each room has external door (47) separately.
Figure 10 b is the typical sewer plan view that is used for described building, and the location placed in the middle in inner room bathroom makes it possible to have simple and layout type easily.Shower and wash basin waste water pipeline (52) that described plan view comprises the drainage pipeline (50) that typically has a diameter from 80 millimeters and typically has a diameter from 50 millimeters.
Figure 10 c is typical electric power and the illumination plane figure that is used for described building.In this plan view, each room has one and is centrally placed in recessed illumination conduit on the ceiling, that be provided with 3 spotlights (55), the TV of combination, electric and data set (56) and be positioned at porch lamp (57) under the external door.The bathroom is provided with a recessed Halogen lamp LED (58) and an exhaust fan (59) between every suit.
Can pass through the natural light additional illumination, promptly on the ceiling/roof between every suit, comprise the skylight.
Be used in that word in this manual and claims " comprises (comprising) " and version does not limit the present invention for required protection, any variant and appendage do not foreclosed.
Revising and improve the present invention will be apparent to one skilled in the art.Such modification and improvement will fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. building comprises:
(a) a rectangular centre structure, this structure have horizontal roof part, a ground plate portion and at least one be used to give support to a roof support member of part;
(b) two roof extensions, each roof extension is attached on the sidepiece of roof parts pivotally by an off normal hinge, make that each roof extension can be from first pivoted to second vertical position, wherein, on primary importance, two roof extension in the vertical directions are with respect to roof parts dislocation skew;
(c) two floor extensions, each floor extension are attached on the sidepiece of ground plate portion pivotally, make that each floor extension can be from first pivoted to second vertical position;
Wherein, at the transportation or the memory period of this building, two roof extensions and two floor extensions are positioned on second vertical position separately, and the floor extension leans against in the roof extension.
2. building according to claim 1, wherein, described building is that 2.5 to 3.5 meters, outer width are that 2.0 to 3.0 meters insied widths then are 1.5 to 2.0 meters at transportation and the outer height that had of memory period.
3. building according to claim 1, wherein, at transportation or memory period, described building has the size identical with the ISO freight container.
4. building according to claim 1, wherein, on primary importance, described two roof extension coplanes, and also this plane in the vertical direction is with respect to the plane dislocation skew of roof parts.
5. building according to claim 1 wherein, when described roof extension and floor extension are positioned at second vertical position, is formed with a recess between contiguous roof extension and the floor extension.
6. building according to claim 1, wherein, described roof extension extends beyond the end of rectangular centre structure.
7. building according to claim 1, wherein, one or more objects during transportation is contained in the building, and wherein said one or more objects are selected from the articles that following object is formed: structure member, fixture and facility within doors.
8. building according to claim 7, wherein, during transportation, the one or more object that is contained in the building is incorporated in the building of assembling.
9. building according to claim 1, it can be used as the part in the bigger fabrication.
10. a structure comprises one or more assemblies, and wherein, each assembly is made of the described building of foundation claim 1.
11. structure according to claim 10, described structure comprises the assembly of two or more at least arranged adjacent.
12. according to claim 10 or 11 described structures, described structure comprises the assembly of two or more vertical stackings.
13. the method that shelter is provided may further comprise the steps: transport one or morely, and described one or more building is placed on the place according to the described building of claim 1.
CN2007101301114A 2006-07-20 2007-07-20 Detachable building Expired - Fee Related CN101109192B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2006903916 2006-07-20
AU2006903916A AU2006903916A0 (en) 2006-07-20 Convertible building

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CN101109192A CN101109192A (en) 2008-01-23
CN101109192B true CN101109192B (en) 2011-05-11

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US (1) US20100011676A1 (en)
CN (1) CN101109192B (en)
AU (1) AU2007276686B2 (en)
NZ (1) NZ574206A (en)
WO (1) WO2008009039A1 (en)

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