CN101074087A

CN101074087A - Self-raising tower crane

Info

Publication number: CN101074087A
Application number: CN 200710062146
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王生银
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-06-12
Filing date: 2007-06-12
Publication date: 2007-11-21

Abstract

The invention is concerned with the automatic rising tower crane, it is: places the counter weight and the working mechanism on the base of the ground, the base connects with the balance arm of the crane top by the guy line or tie bar, the tower top mast and the balance arm pin joints with the tower top. The invention is: the tower body is not bearing the bending moment by load or balance weight, comparing with the crane at the same grade, the crane reduces the deadweight of the steel structure, the need of the crane to the foundation treatment is not high, and easy to fix and transport.

Description

Self-raising tower crane

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of self-raising tower crane, particularly a kind of lifting specialized equipment that is used to install large-scale wind driven generator, it especially is fit to the construction environment that large-scale wind driven generator is installed, and can significantly reduce the aerogenerator cost of installation.

Background technology

The wind-powered electricity generation project is built the relatively poor areas of execution conditions such as mountain region, hills, forest zone mostly in, and these regional traffic facilities fall behind, and the installation period of a large-scale wind driven generator generally is 7-10 days.It is the installation that rail mounted self-raising tower crane or fixed base tower crane all are not suitable for large-scale wind driven generator that execution conditions and installation period make existing, because self installing of existing tower crane is basic complicated, generally need a huge concrete basis to satisfy its stability, and this body structure of hoisting crane is huge, and installation, dismounting, transition all run into insoluble problem.At present, the large-scale crawler crane of the many employings of the installation of known domestic large-scale wind driven generator, this mounting means lifting cost is used expensive, the investment that has increased wind-power electricity generation project, its transportation, installation, dismounting are met difficulty too.Therefore, a kind of simple in structure, convenient disassembly, with low cost is developed in market in urgent need, and can satisfy the special-purpose hanging device of large-scale wind driven generator characteristic.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to the characteristic and the construction environment of large-scale wind driven generator, provide a kind of simple in structure, self steel structure is light, the installing/dismounting cycle short, transition convenient transportation, specialized equipment that hoisting cost is cheap, solved existing tower crane in order to overcome the quiet moment of flexure of the caused body of the tower of load and counterweight, and make self steel structure thick thick and heavy, and the technical matters that needs the concrete basis when body of the tower is installed, simultaneously also overcome existing installation when large-scale wind driven generator lifts, the expense costliness, the shortcoming of installing/dismounting and transition difficulty.

Self-raising tower crane of the present invention, comprise: underframe 1, ballast 2, body of the tower 3, jacking apparatus, cat head mast 12, crane arm 8, equilibrium arm 13, ground counterweight 20, hoist and luffing mechanism, the bottom of described cat head mast 12 is hinged by hinge and cat head, be provided with anti-hypsokinesis drag-line 9 between its top and the cat head, the inner of described equilibrium arm 13 is hinged by hinge and cat head mast lower end, its outer end and sliding the liter are provided with the anti-drag-line 14 that leans forward between the stock 6, the cat head mast becomes an angle of 90 degrees with equilibrium arm, because the cat head mast, equilibrium arm all flexibly connects by hinge with cat head.Described ground counterweight 20 and hoisting, luffing mechanism all is arranged on underframe 1 ground on one side, counterweight underframe 21 is connected with the outer end of equilibrium arm 13 by counterweight drag-line 15, hoist, luffing mechanism fall line 16, the leading sheave of equilibrium arm 13 outer ends is passed through in fall line 17 respectively, to make this hoisting crane on the ground be in working order or off working state no matter counterweight and operating mechanism be provided with, body of the tower does not bear the quiet moment of flexure that is caused by load or counterweight, so, self-raising tower crane with respect to the same level load-carrying ability, this hoisting crane has reduced the deadweight of itself steel structure significantly, also makes its installation simultaneously, dismounting and transition transportation are convenient more.

The underframe 1 of self-raising tower crane can be installed in crane foundation backing plate 30 above, backing plate 30 is arranged on the ground of levelling and compacting, and the line of centers in-line of the front and back line of centers of underframe 1 and wind driven generator base 23.Owing to the invention solves the problem of the bigger quiet moment of flexure that body of the tower bears, the deadweight of the steel structure of body of the tower of the present invention is reduced greatly, it is easily simple that the installation basis of himself becomes, and its basis only needs levelling and compacting to get final product, and does not need to do concrete foundation.This rubber tyre gantry crane design scheme key point is: the characteristics of having caught aerogenerator to install, the center of gravity of the weight that all are lifted by crane can drop on the horizontal linear, the horizontal projection of crane arm axis just, so our hoisting crane can not design swing type mechanism, the weight that assurance is lifted by crane accurately let-down is to adjust by the dilatory rope of hoisting crane both sides on this horizon, can adjust with Hydranlic tensioner, also can adjust with winch and assembly pulley, therefore, the front and back line of centers of this hoisting crane installation will overlap with the blower foundation line of centers of lifting.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, compare with present large-scale wind driven generator erecting equipment, when assurance is finished the installation task with the identical time, reduced its erected cost significantly, make that also under abominable relatively geographical environmental condition Large-scale Wind Turbines being installed is more prone to.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing of ground counterweight and mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a pre-buried earth anchor site plan in the wind driven generator base.

Fig. 4 is both sides earth anchor and ground balance position figure.

Fig. 5 is a crane foundation backing plate arrangement plan.

Fig. 6 is that hoisting crane is just adorned high-level schematic.

Standard knot method for improving scheme drawing when Fig. 7 is the crane lifting operation.

Fig. 8 is the crane operating status reference diagram.

1. underframe among the figure, 2. ballast, 3. body of the tower, 4. dilatory rope, 5. lifting pulley group steel rope is 6. slided and is risen stock, 7. cat head, 8. crane arm, 9. anti-hypsokinesis drag-line, 10. luffing assembly pulley steel rope, 11. equilibrium arm drag-lines, 12. cat head mast, 13. equilibrium arm, the 14. anti-drag-lines that lean forward, 15. counterweight drag-lines, 16. lifting mechanism fall line, 17. luffing mechanism fall line, 18. winchs that hoist, 19. luffing winchs, 20. ground counterweight, 21. the base of ground counterweight and mechanism, 22. hoisting crane mounting center positions, 23. wind driven generator bases, 24. wind driven generator base ring, 25,26. pre-buried earth anchor center in the wind driven generator base, 27,28. earth anchor center, side, counterweight center, 29. ground, 30. crane foundation backing plate, 31. hoist rope working fastening jack line, 32. luffing steel rope working fastening jack lines, 33. body of the tower standard knots, 34. body of the tower standard knot lifting truck, 35. the body of the tower standard knot is introduced beam, 36. top leading sheaves, 37. body of the tower standard knot hoisting cables, 38. the bottom leading sheave, 39. body of the tower standard knot lifting winches.

The specific embodiment

The contrast accompanying drawing is specifically described self-raising tower crane in conjunction with concrete installation process of the present invention below:

When wind driven generator base 23 is built, should require pre-buried two the preceding

earth anchors

25,26 in position according to Fig. 3.Bearing plate 30 arrangements as shown in Figure 5, plane out-of-flat is less than 1/1000 on it.According to shown in Figure 5, put underframe 1.As shown in Figure 4, the front and back line of centers of hoisting crane must pass through wind driven generator base 23 centers.Underframe 1 is wanted reliable ground, and grounding resistance is less than 4 ohm.Put ballast 2 as shown in Figure 1.Location arrangements side direction earth anchor 27,28 as shown in Figure 4, and arrange ground counterweight 20, the winch 18 that hoists, luffing winch 19 with reference to figure 2.Body of the tower 3 first segments are installed are risen stock 6 with sliding, body of the tower 3 perpendicularity deviations are no more than 1/1000.Cat head 7 is installed.Cat head mast 12 and equilibrium arm 13 assembly sets are installed, step is: on ground cat head mast 12 (falling) and equilibrium arm 13 are combined, equilibrium arm drag-line 11 two ends are connected equilibrium arm and cat head mast respectively, and will prevent that hypsokinesis drag-line 9 is contained on the cat head mast 12, the anti-drag-line 14 that leans forward is with on equilibrium arm 13 integral hoisting then; For the ease of in place, should hang the chain block leveling; Install cat head mast 12 and cat head 7 be connected bearing pin after, will prevent that respectively the other end of hypsokinesis drag-line 9 is connected cat head 7, anti-drag-line 14 other ends that lean forward are connected the sliding bottom that rises stock 6.Crane arm 8 and luffing assembly pulley steel rope 10 are installed, step is: on ground crane arm 8 and suspension hook are put the appropriate location, wear around lifting pulley group steel rope 5, multiplying power is 7, puts on back one section jack line of hoist rope fall line 16 usefulness and is temporarily fixed on the crane arm; Crane arm 8, suspension hook integral hoisting; After crane arm is in place, whipline is still carried and is afford to live in weighing arm 8, wears around luffing assembly pulley steel rope 10, puts on one section jack line 32 of back fall line 17 usefulness and is temporarily fixed on the equilibrium arm 13 (before this, need the front and back leveling before considering the jacking operation, should be noted that the elevation angle of crane arm 8); With another section jack line 31 hoist rope fall line 16 also is temporarily fixed on the equilibrium arm 13, removes on the crane arm 8 the hoist rope 16 working fastening jack lines that walk on the rope.The anti-hypsokinesis strut of crane arm is installed.Counterweight drag-line 15 1 ends are hung over equilibrium arm 13 afterbodys (also can hang up properly on ground, lift with cat head mast and balance arm component).Arrive this, the state of hoisting crane as shown in Figure 6.The jacking task program is identical with common self-raising tower crane, repeats no more here.As shown in Figure 7, promoting standard knot 33 is finished by the winch 39 of ground configuration.When the jacking operation, hoist rope fall line 16, luffing steel rope fall line 17, counterweight drag-line 15 will keep the nature overhang, can not bear extra pulling force.When the 11 body of the tower standard knot 33 from sliding when rising stock and exposing for 6 times, hang that body of the tower is dilatory restricts 4.Each two of dilatory rope 4 front and back, each one of side, the six roots of sensation altogether.Anterior dilatory rope is fixed on the earth anchor pre-buried in the blower foundation 23 25,26, the dilatory rope in rear portion is fixed on the base 21 of ground counterweight and mechanism, the ad hoc movable earth anchor 27,28 of the dilatory rope in both sides, Hydranlic tensioner or winch are set respectively, be convenient to accurately adjust the side direction squareness of body of the tower 3, guarantee that blower fan structure is in place smoothly.The 11st standard knot will give special heed at the jacking supernumerary segment through reinforcing.Add standard knot and amount to 20 joints.After the jacking operation is finished, handle respectively the winch 18 that hoists, luffing winch 19 allow its fall line 16,17 a little stressed after, remove working

fastening steel rope

31,32 separately.Counterweight drag-line 15 other ends are fixed on the corresponding ear seat of ground counterweight and mechanism base 21.Remove equilibrium arm and the sliding anti-drag-line 14 that leans forward that rises between the stock.Establish two struts between underframe 1 and ground counterweight and the mechanism base 21, can prevent 20 reaches of ground counterweight.Be equipped with diesel-engine generator and provide electric power for hoisting crane and field operation.

End-to-end test structure, steel rope connect situation, inspection body operating condition and brake acjustment situation, the reliability of inspection safety guard.Carry out the test of 110% minor load according to " hoist design specification " GB3811-83, the test of 125% D/W.

This hoisting crane has utilized the lifting characteristics of aerogenerator, and the center of gravity of all big installation in position can drop on the axis in cabin, so hoisting crane is not provided with swing type mechanism.When utilizing Hydranlic tensioner to adjust body of the tower 3 side direction squareness, as need the dilatory rope on tensioning right side, must loosen the hydraulic jack in left side earlier, dilatory rope has a little vertical arc up to the left side, can draw rope in the tensioning right side, and then suitably rope is drawn in the tensioning left side, reaches the requirement of aerogenerator installation in position up to body of the tower 3 squareness.

The identical just reversed in order of the program of break-down crane with erection procedure.During break-down crane, aerogenerator has been finished installation, needs jiggering that the cabin afterbody is left crane arm 8 belows, so that the hoisting crane landing.Before beginning landing, the front and back leveling is carried out at the elevation angle that needs equally to adjust crane arm 8, and working fastening hoists and luffing steel rope fall line 16,17 then.All the other same programs repeat no more.Have only body of the tower 3 to drop in the time of to remove the height of dilatory rope 4, it can be removed, can remove dilatory rope 4 anything but too early.

Claims

1, a kind of self-raising tower crane, comprise: underframe (1), ballast (2), body of the tower (3), jacking apparatus, cat head mast (12), crane arm (8), equilibrium arm (13), counterweight (20), hoist and luffing mechanism, it is characterized in that: the bottom of described cat head mast (12) is hinged by hinge and cat head, be provided with an anti-hypsokinesis drag-line (9) between its top and the cat head, the inner of described equilibrium arm (13) is hinged by hinge and cat head, is provided with the anti-drag-line (14) that leans forward between its outer end and the body of the tower (3); Described counterweight (20) and hoist, luffing mechanism all is arranged on underframe (1) ground on one side, counterweight (20) is connected with the outer end of equilibrium arm (13) by counterweight drag-line (15), hoists, luffing mechanism is connected with the outer end of equilibrium arm (13) by walk on the rope (16), walk on the rope (17) respectively.

2, self-raising tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described underframe (1) be installed in crane foundation backing plate (30) above, backing plate (30) is arranged on the ground of levelling and compacting, and the line of centers in-line of the front and back line of centers of underframe (1) and wind driven generator base (23).

3, self-raising tower crane according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the width of the cross-sectional plane of described body of the tower (2) is the 1800---2200 millimeter.