CN101054184A - 用于制备含钛沸石的含硅-钛混合氧化物的分散体 - Google Patents
用于制备含钛沸石的含硅-钛混合氧化物的分散体 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims description 41
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- UGACIEPFGXRWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ti] Chemical compound [Si].[Ti] UGACIEPFGXRWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- NWEKXBVHVALDOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[NH3+] NWEKXBVHVALDOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WNEYXFDRCSFJCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-amine;hydrate Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[NH3+] WNEYXFDRCSFJCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
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- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
- C01B33/181—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by a dry process
- C01B33/183—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by a dry process by oxidation or hydrolysis in the vapour phase of silicon compounds such as halides, trichlorosilane, monosilane
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Abstract
一种分散体,其含有二氧化硅含量为75-99.9重量%且二氧化钛含量为0.01-25重量%的热解硅-钛混合氧化物粉末、水和碱性季铵化合物,其中在该分散体中硅-钛混合氧化物粉末的颗粒的平均聚集体直径为至多200nm。使用该分散体来制备含钛沸石的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于制备含钛沸石的含硅-钛混合氧化物粉末的分散体。
背景技术
EP-A-814058公开了含硅-钛混合氧化物粉末的分散体用于生产含钛沸石的用途。含钛沸石是用过氧化氢来氧化烯烃的有效催化剂。它们通过水热合成法在模板(template)存在下由含硅-钛混合氧化物粉末得到。在EP-A-814058中,公开了二氧化硅含量为75-99.9重量%的热解硅-钛混合氧化物可用于此。特别有利的是含有90-99.5重量%的二氧化硅和0.5-5重量%的二氧化钛的组合物。作为模板(template),可以使用胺、铵化合物或碱(碱土)金属氢氧化物。
EP-A-814058中公开的方法的缺点是,它导致产品的催化活性通常不可重现,并且通常不足。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种硅-钛混合氧化物,其形式为其可制备高催化活性的含钛沸石。
本发明的目标是一种分散体,其含有二氧化硅含量为75-99.9重量%且二氧化钛含量为0.01-25重量%的热解硅-钛混合氧化物粉末、水和碱性季铵化合物,其中在该分散体中硅-钛混合氧化物粉末的颗粒的平均聚集体直径为至多200nm。
发现在使用含有此细度颗粒的分散体时,制备含钛沸石所需的反应时间显著降低。优选地,平均聚集体直径小于100nm。
应理解热解是指通过火焰氧化和/或火焰水解而得到金属混合氧化物颗粒。其中,可氧化的和/或可水解的原料通常在氢氧焰中氧化或水解。根据本发明的金属混合氧化物颗粒尽可能无孔,并且在表面上具有自由羟基。它们以聚集的原生颗粒形式存在。
热解硅-钛混合氧化物粉末的BET表面积没有限制。然而,已经发现如果BET表面积在20-400m2/g的范围内是有利的,尤其是在50-300m2/g的范围内。在分散液中使用高BET表面积结合小聚集体直径的硅-钛混合氧化物粉末对于制备含钛沸石是特别有利的。
还发现,如果分散体含有热解硅-钛混合氧化物粉末(其中Na、K、Fe、Co、Ni、Al、Ca和Zn的比例各自低于50ppm),则是有利的。这样的分散体导致含钛沸石具有高催化活性。
本发明的分散体还含有碱性季铵化合物。它们优选是四烷基氢氧化铵,例如为四乙基氢氧化铵、四正丙基氢氧化铵和/或四正丁基氢氧化铵。碱性季铵化合物用作通过结合到晶格中来确定晶体结构的模板。四正丙基氢氧化铵优选用于制备钛硅沸石-1(MFI结构)、四正丁基氢氧化铵用于制备钛硅沸石-2(MEL结构),四乙基氢氧化铵用于制备钛β-沸石(BEA晶体结构)。
水与硅-钛混合氧化物粉末的比优选为10≤mol水/mol硅-钛混合氧化物≤20。特别优选12≤mol水/mol硅-钛混合氧化物≤17。
本发明的分散体中碱性季铵化合物的含量没有限制。如果分散体待长时间储存,向其中加入仅一部分量的制备含钛沸石所需的分散体可以是有利的。优选地,碱性季铵化合物可以以诸如使pH值为9-11、尤其9.5-10.5的量加入。在此pH范围内,分散体显示了良好的稳定性。
如果例如分散体在制备后直接使用来制备含钛沸石,该分散体可以已经含有全部量的碱性季铵化合物。然后优选0.12≤mol铵化合物/mol硅-钛混合氧化物≤0.20,并且特别优选0.13<mol铵化合物/mol硅-钛混合氧化物≤0.17。
本发明的另一个目标是一种制备分散体的方法,包括以下步骤:
由接受罐通过转子/定子装置循环水,所述水通过加入酸或碱调节pH值为2-4,在之后加入硅-钛混合氧化物的情况下导致含水相的pH值为<2或>4,以及
经由填充装置,运行转子/定子装置,将硅-钛混合氧化物粉末连续或不连续地加入到介于转子齿凹槽和定子凹槽之间的剪切区中,其量例如使预分散体的固含量为20-40重量%,以及
在已经加入所有的硅-钛混合氧化物粉末后,关闭填充装置,继续剪切,使得剪切速率为10000-40000sec-1,以及
然后,保持分散条件的同时加入碱性季铵化合物,以及在加入该铵化合物之前加入任选的水。
本发明的另一个目标是制备含钛沸石的方法,其中根据本发明的任选添加碱性季铵化合物的分散体在150-220℃的温度下处理小于12小时的时间。所得晶体通过过滤、离心或倾析来分离,并用适合的洗涤液洗涤,优选用水洗涤。
然后将晶体按需要干燥,并在400-1000℃的温度下干燥,优选在500-750℃下干燥,以便除去模板。
本发明的另一个目的是含钛沸石,其可通过本发明的方法得到。
含钛沸石以粉末形式得到。对于其用作氧化催化剂,通过已知的使粉末状催化剂的成形方法,按照需要将其转化为适合此用途的形式,例如转化为微粒、球形、片剂、实心圆筒状、中空圆筒或者蜂窝状,所述成形方法例如造粒、喷雾干燥、喷雾造粒或挤出。
根据本发明的含钛沸石可在使用过氧化氢的氧化反应中被用作催化剂。尤其是,其可以用作在与水混溶的溶剂中通过过氧化氢水溶液环氧化烯烃中的催化剂。
具体实施方式
实施例1:制备硅-钛混合氧化物粉末
将5.15kg/hr的四氯化硅和0.15kg/hr的四氯化钛汽化。利用15Nm3/hr的氮气作为载气将蒸汽转移到混合室中。与此独立的是,将2Nm3/hr的氢气和8Nm3/hr的一次空气引入混合室中。在中心管中,将反应混合物进料到燃烧器中并点燃。在这里火焰在水冷火焰管中燃烧。另外,将15Nm3/hr的二次空气引入反应空间中。所产生的粉末在与下游相连的过滤器中分离,然后用氢气在520℃逆流处理。
粉末展示了如下值:
二氧化硅96.6重量%
二氧化钛3.4重量%
BET表面积80m2/g
实施例2:制备分散体(根据本发明)
首先将32.5kg的去离子水放置在100升不锈钢批料容器中。接下来使用Ystral Conti-TDS 4的抽吸管(定子凹槽:6mm环和1mm环,转子/定子间距约1mm),在剪切条件下,将17.5 kg的实施例5的硅-钛混合氧化物粉末引入。在完成引入后,封闭入口喷嘴,将35重量%的预分散体以3000rpm再剪切10分钟。由高能量输入导致的不希望的升温用热交换器来抵消,温度上升限制到最大40℃。由于热解法制备的硅-钛混合氧化物粉末的酸性特征,该分散体的pH值为大约3.6。
接下来,加入28.6kg的去离子水,在强烈的剪切并与10kg的四正丙基氢氧化铵溶液(40重量%的水溶液)完全混合的情况下,迅速达成10.0的pH值。
该分散体显示了以下值:
水/硅-钛混合氧化物11.7
平均聚集体直径94nm(在Horiba LA 910上确定)
实施例3:制备分散体(对比)
在分散条件下利用溶解器,将1g的四正丙基氢氧化铵溶液(40重量%的水溶液)加入到17.5g实施例1的硅-钛混合氧化物粉末(溶于61.1ml水中)中,并且分散30分钟。所得分散体相对于实施例3具有显著更高的粘度。粗聚集体以及较细的聚集体可清楚地识别。
该分散体显示了以下的值:
水/硅-钛混合氧化物13.2
四丙基氢氧化铵/硅-钛混合氧化物0.14
平均聚集体直径256nm
实施例4:制备含钛沸石(根据本发明)
首先将505g的实施例2的分散体放置在聚乙烯烧杯中,将46.7g去离子水和130.6g四正丙基氢氧化铵溶液(40重量%水溶液)加入,并首先在80℃搅拌下老化4小时,然后在高压釜中在180℃下结晶10小时。所得固体通过离心从母液中分离,用3×250ml的去离子水洗涤,在90℃下干燥,并于550℃下在空气气氛中煅烧4小时。
实施例4所得晶体的x-射线谱图显示了典型用于MFI结构的衍射图案,以及IR谱图在960cm-1的特征频带。UV/可见光谱图显示样品没有二氧化钛和钛酸盐。
实施例5:以类似于实施例4来实施,但是使用实施例3的分散体。
与实施例4相比,实施例5生成了显著更粗的沸石聚集体。在丙烯的催化环氧化反应中,实施例4的产物显示了比实施例5的产物具有更高的活性。
Claims (13)
1.一种分散体,其含有二氧化硅含量为75-99.9重量%且二氧化钛含量为0.01-25重量%的热解硅-钛混合氧化物粉末、水和碱性季铵化合物,其特征在于在该分散体中硅-钛混合氧化物粉末的颗粒的平均聚集体直径为至多200nm。
2.权利要求1的分散体,其特征在于所述平均聚集体直径为小于100nm。
3、权利要求1或2的分散体,其特征在于所述热解硅-钛混合氧化物粉末的BET表面积为10 to 400m2/g。
4.权利要求1-3之一的分散体,其特征在于所述热解硅-钛混合氧化物粉末中的Na、K、Fe、Co、Ni、Al、Ca和Zn的比例为小于50ppm。
5.权利要求1-4之一的分散体,其特征在于所述碱性季铵化合物是选自四乙基氢氧化铵、四正丙基氢氧化铵和/或四正丁基氢氧化铵中的四烷基氢氧化铵。
6.权利要求1-5之一的分散体,其特征在于10≤mol水/mol硅-钛混合氧化物≤20。
7.权利要求1-6之一的分散体,其特征在于其pH值为9-11。
8.权利要求1-6之一的分散体,其特征在于0.12≤mol铵化合物/mol硅-钛混合氧化物≤0.20。
9.一种用于制备权利要求1-8之一的分散体的方法,其包括以下步骤
由接受罐通过转子/定子装置循环水,在之后加入硅-钛混合氧化物的情况下导致含水相的pH值为<2或>4的情况下,所述水通过加入酸或碱调节pH值为2-4,以及
经由填充装置,运行转子/定子装置,将硅-钛混合氧化物粉末连续或不连续地加入到介于转子齿凹槽和定子凹槽之间的剪切区中,其量使预分散体的固含量为20-40重量%,以及
在已经加入所有的硅-钛混合氧化物粉末后,关闭填充装置,继续剪切,使得剪切速率为10000-40000sec-1,以及
然后,保持分散条件的同时,加入碱性季铵化合物,以及在加入季铵化合物之前任选加入水。
10.一种用于制备含钛沸石的方法,其特征在于,任选添加碱性季铵化合物的权利要求1-8之一的分散体在150-220℃的温度下处理小于12小时的时间。
11.权利要求10的方法,其特征在于将所述含钛沸石分离、干燥并煅烧。
12.通过权利要求10或11的方法得到的含钛沸石。
13.权利要求12的含钛沸石作为使用过氧化氢来环氧化烯烃的催化剂的用途。
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DE102006017700A DE102006017700A1 (de) | 2006-04-15 | 2006-04-15 | Silicium-Titan-Mischoxid enthaltende Dispersion zur Herstellung titanhaltiger Zeolithe |
DE102006017700.2 | 2006-04-15 |
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JP (1) | JP2009532318A (zh) |
KR (2) | KR20080102315A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101054184B (zh) |
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CN102510853A (zh) * | 2009-09-24 | 2012-06-20 | 株式会社德山 | 四烷基氢氧化铵的制造方法 |
CN107406264A (zh) * | 2015-03-20 | 2017-11-28 | 巴斯夫公司 | 沸石材料和制造方法 |
CN112752731A (zh) * | 2018-09-25 | 2021-05-04 | 赢创运营有限公司 | 采用火焰喷雾热解制造粉状多孔结晶金属硅酸盐的方法 |
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CN106334583B (zh) * | 2016-07-27 | 2019-01-29 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种钛硅复合氧化物催化剂的制备方法及其应用 |
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DE2931810A1 (de) * | 1979-08-06 | 1981-02-19 | Degussa | Temperaturstabilisiertes siliciumdioxid-mischoxid, das verfahren zu seiner herstellung und verwendung |
DE19624340A1 (de) * | 1996-06-19 | 1998-01-08 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kristallinen mikro- und mesoporösen Metallsilicaten, verfahrensgemäß erhältliche Produkte und deren Verwendung |
US5919430A (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1999-07-06 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Preparation of crystalline microporous and mesoporous metal silicates, products produced thereby and use thereof |
US6420039B1 (en) * | 1998-10-02 | 2002-07-16 | Cabot Corporation | Recording medium |
DE19936478A1 (de) * | 1999-08-03 | 2001-02-15 | Degussa | Sinterwerkstoffe |
DE19954322A1 (de) * | 1999-11-10 | 2001-05-17 | Basf Ag | Oxid und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
DE10163938A1 (de) * | 2001-12-22 | 2003-07-10 | Degussa | Flammenhydrolytisch hergestelltes Silicium-Titan-Mischoxidpulver mit an der Oberfläche angereichertem Siliciumdioxid, dessen Herstellung und Verwendung |
EP1424331A1 (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2004-06-02 | Degussa AG | Process for the epoxidation of olefins |
DE102004030104A1 (de) * | 2004-06-22 | 2006-01-12 | Degussa Ag | Wässerig/organische Metalloxid-Dispersion und mit damit hergestellte beschichtete Substrate und Formkörper |
DE102006017701A1 (de) * | 2006-04-15 | 2007-10-25 | Degussa Gmbh | Silicium-Titan-Mischoxidpulver, Dispersion hiervon und daraus hergestellter titanhaltiger Zeolith |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102510853A (zh) * | 2009-09-24 | 2012-06-20 | 株式会社德山 | 四烷基氢氧化铵的制造方法 |
CN107406264A (zh) * | 2015-03-20 | 2017-11-28 | 巴斯夫公司 | 沸石材料和制造方法 |
CN112752731A (zh) * | 2018-09-25 | 2021-05-04 | 赢创运营有限公司 | 采用火焰喷雾热解制造粉状多孔结晶金属硅酸盐的方法 |
CN112752731B (zh) * | 2018-09-25 | 2023-11-24 | 赢创运营有限公司 | 采用火焰喷雾热解制造粉状多孔结晶金属硅酸盐的方法 |
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EP2007677B1 (en) | 2012-11-21 |
US20120116102A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
WO2007118738A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
KR20080102315A (ko) | 2008-11-24 |
CN101054184B (zh) | 2012-03-21 |
US20090137827A1 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
DE102006017700A1 (de) | 2007-10-25 |
KR101202132B1 (ko) | 2012-11-15 |
EP2007677A1 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
KR20110134496A (ko) | 2011-12-14 |
BRPI0710281A2 (pt) | 2011-08-09 |
JP2009532318A (ja) | 2009-09-10 |
RU2008144804A (ru) | 2010-05-27 |
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