CN100577107C - Function image display method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
There are provided a function image display method and device capable of performing analysis of biological function information by acquiring from a single image, information obtained from a tomogram and information obtained from a plurality of function images without need of observing the plurality of function images and the tomogram by successively moving the eye line, and easily making judgment about the danger degree of the biological function abnormality. A plurality of function images each displayed by a unique and arbitrary gradation color scale are combined with an arbitrary weight or an image obtained by calculating the inter-function images is displayed or these are combined with the tomogram with an arbitrary weight. Furthermore, an operator can arbitrarily set and modify the range to which weight is applied, the range for displaying the gradation color scale, and the range to be combined.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in image diagnosing systems such as CT device or MRI device, carry out the analysis or the evaluation of live body function information according to the cross-section image that obtains from them.
Background technology
When analyzing the live body function information, consider comprehensively that sometimes a plurality of function informations diagnose.For example, in the analysis of brain perfusion functional information, the common observation respectively from cerebral blood flow (Cerebral Blood Flow comprehensively, be CBF) as, brain blood volume (Cerebral Blood Volume, be CBV) as, mean transit time (Mean Transit Time, be MTT) as etc. diagnose after the information that obtains of a plurality of function images and the information that obtains from cross-section image (for example, early stage CT levies the position etc. of picture, blood vessel traveling, tissue in the anatomy finding).
As the display packing of the image of expression live body function information, open as shown in the 2002-282248 communique as the spy, have and integrate a width of cloth function image with cross-section image and as the method for width of cloth composograph demonstration.By this method, information that will obtain from cross-section image and the information that obtains from certain width of cloth function image show at piece image.About a parameter in the middle of blood flow, blood volume, the mean transit time etc., the scope of instrumentation value is divided into a plurality of, use colored the drawing, to the different form and aspect of the range assignment of each instrumentation value.But the parameter that can show is one, is slightly or the problem of severe (below be called severity) so have comprehensively identification live body dysfunction, symptom and danger.In addition, because whole cross-section image all shows with colored, there is the too loaded down with trivial details and problem of unusual difficult judgment of information.
The method of the observing as being presented at a plurality of function images that obtain in the repeatedly inspection, also make SPECT (Single PHoton Emission Computed Tomography, single positron emission cross-sectional imaging) image exist difference also will show the method for zone synthetic SISCOM of being referred to as (Subtracted Ictal SPECT Co-Registered to MRI) on standard brain MR image of significant change.This method particularly makes epileptic is waited when it show effect (ictal) and (interictal) make a video recording respectively between stage of attack SPECT image that difference is arranged and obtains the method for function image, and this moment is usefulness electric pole type electroencephalograph (electroencephalogram (EEG)) also more complementaryly.Above-mentioned SISCOM is only corresponding with SPECT, and inapplicable in the function image that is made by CT image or MR image.That is to say, compare with making a video recording that when serial cross-section image that the different image diagnosing system of overlapping usefulness is made a video recording, be necessary to make CT image or MRI image to become the standard brain, for this reason para-position and shape are compared difficulty with single image diagnosing system.In addition, exist SPECT image and MR image to obtain simultaneously and limit patient's oversize problem of time.When integrating SPECT image and MR image, the SPECT image with the contrast of standard brain image distortion is arranged and with the para-position of above-mentioned MR image, so might lose the shape of the original brain of patient and lose important state of an illness information.Particularly when patient's head deformed, the forfeiture of this state of an illness information was deep problem.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, provide a kind of by single diagnostic imaging device (medical apparatus and instruments: the information that will obtain from cross-section image modality) and on piece image, make image diagnosing system to the judgement facilitation of the order of severity from the information aggregating that a plurality of function images obtain.The present invention also aims to, the information that shows the necessary part in necessary a plurality of function image information only is provided, prevents the judgement puzzlement that complicated information causes and can judge the image diagnosing system and the image diagnosing method of the order of severity efficiently.
In addition, another object of the present invention is to, provide by under the situation that does not lose the original shape of check point, from the original function image that makes repeatedly CT image during checking or MR image easily grasp the live body function information in time change and the image diagnosing system and the image diagnosing method that can carry out the analysis of live body function information.
And then, another object of the present invention is to, can it doesn't matter and the image diagnosing system and the image diagnosing method that carry out the live body function information is carried out over time objective appraisal and analysis with operator's preference even provide under the situation that same data are analyzed by different operators also.
Other purposes of the present invention are, are provided at any medical apparatus and instruments such as using CT device or MR device under the situation of not using a plurality of medical apparatus and instruments and can grasp and analyze live body function information image diagnosing system and image diagnosing method over time.
That is, according to the 1st technical characterictic of the present invention, be a kind of image display device, comprising: the mechanism of collecting person under inspection's view data; Make the mechanism of cross-section image according to above-mentioned view data; Calculate the mechanism of a plurality of live body function informations from above-mentioned cross-section image; Each above-mentioned live body function information is made the mechanism of function image; Above-mentioned functions image and above-mentioned cross-section image are synthesized, make the mechanism of composograph; And, the indication mechanism that shows above-mentioned functions image, above-mentioned cross-section image and above-mentioned composograph, it is characterized in that, make the mechanism of above-mentioned composograph, make each above-mentioned live body function information corresponding to different gradient colour codes (gradation color scale), come at least a portion zone of above-mentioned each function image of conversion, and each function image after the synthetic conversion, the random color that other zones in the described function image do not contain with described gradient colour code shows or is shown as transparent.
In addition, a feature of the present invention, also comprise: perform calculations using among the four arithmetic operation at least one at the 1st o'clock at the 2nd o'clock between function image that engraved and the function image that engraved, make the mechanism of calculation back image, the above-mentioned mechanism that makes composograph, image after the above-mentioned calculation and above-mentioned cross-section image is synthetic, make composograph.
According to the 2nd technical characterictic of the present invention, in above-mentioned 1 image display device, above-mentioned composograph can be by overlapping demonstration, show side by side or part any in showing is shown.
According to the 3rd technical characterictic of the present invention, in the image display device based on above-mentioned 1 or 2 feature, utilizing the mechanism that makes the above-mentioned functions image to make the ratio of the above-mentioned functions image in the above-mentioned part zone in the above-mentioned functions image is 0.
According to the 4th technical characterictic of the present invention, in image display device, make the mechanism of above-mentioned functions image based on above-mentioned 1 to 3 feature, can change the gradient colour code of distributing to above-mentioned live body function information arbitrarily.
According to the 5th technical characterictic of the present invention, in image display device, make the mechanism of above-mentioned composograph based on above-mentioned 1 to 4 feature, possess each function image that can set arbitrarily in the above-mentioned composograph and the ratio of above-mentioned cross-section image.
According to the 6th technical characterictic of the present invention, in image display device based on above-mentioned 1 to 5 feature, make the mechanism of above-mentioned functions image, according to the image data value of pixel cell within the prescribed limit or outside, decide the above-mentioned part zone in the above-mentioned functions image
According to the 7th technical characterictic of the present invention, in image display device, make the mechanism of above-mentioned functions image based on above-mentioned 1 to 6 feature, any region of interest decision in the above-mentioned functions image is regional as the above-mentioned part in the above-mentioned functions image.
According to the 8th technical characterictic of the present invention, in image display device based on above-mentioned 1 to 7 feature, make the mechanism of above-mentioned functions image, will be as the pixel value of the value of each pixel of view data and be arranged in the window position (window level) of regulation and the value of window width, corresponding with conversion coefficient, and be that above-mentioned gradient colour code is determined on the basis with this conversion coefficient.
According to the 9th technical characterictic of the present invention, in image display device based on above-mentioned 1 to 8 feature, make the mechanism of above-mentioned functions image, the gradient colour code that is assigned to the above-mentioned functions image is decided by various catalogs as described below, wherein said catalog be in each RGB, make as the pixel value of the value of each pixel of view data corresponding with conversion coefficient.
According to the 10th technical characterictic of the present invention, in the image display device based on above-mentioned 1 to 9 feature, above-mentioned live body function information is with blood flow, at least a in the middle of the blood flow function information of representative such as blood flow volume and mean transit time.
According to the 11st technical characterictic of the present invention, it is a kind of method for displaying image, comprise: cross-section image is obtained the step that mechanism obtains person under inspection's cross-section image, calculate the step of a plurality of live body function informations from described cross-section image, each described live body function information is made the step of function image, described function image and described cross-section image are synthesized, make the step of composograph, can show the step display of described function image, described cross-section image and described composograph; It is characterized in that, make in the step of described composograph,, give different gradient colour codes, come described each function image of conversion each described live body function information according to the evaluation of estimate of described live body function information, and each function image after the synthetic conversion.
According to another characteristic of the invention, also comprise: function image that engraved in the 1st o'clock and the function image that engraved in the 2nd o'clock are performed calculations, make the step of calculation back image, the described step that makes composograph, described calculation back image and described cross-section image is synthetic, make composograph.
According to the 12nd technical characterictic of the present invention, the 11st technical characterictic in method for displaying image, above-mentioned composograph can be by overlapping demonstration, show side by side or part any is shown in showing.
According to the 13rd technical characterictic of the present invention, in method for displaying image, make the step of above-mentioned functions image based on the 11st and 12 technical characterictic, making the ratio of the above-mentioned functions image in other zones in the above-mentioned functions image is 0.
According to the 14th technical characterictic of the present invention, in method for displaying image, make the step of above-mentioned functions image based on the 11st to 13 technical characterictic, comprise being used to change the gradient colour code of distributing to above-mentioned live body function information image.
According to the 15th technical characterictic of the present invention, in method for displaying image based on the 11st to 14 technical characterictic, make the step of above-mentioned composograph, comprise the setting step of the ratio of each function image that is used for setting above-mentioned composograph and above-mentioned cross-section image.
According to the 16th technical characterictic of the present invention, in method for displaying image based on the 11st to 15 technical characterictic, make the step of above-mentioned functions image, according to the image data value of above-mentioned pixel cell within the prescribed limit or outside, carry out specific to the above-mentioned a part of zone in the above-mentioned functions image.
According to the 17th technical characterictic of the present invention, in method for displaying image based on the 11st to 16 technical characterictic, make the step of above-mentioned functions image, any region of interest in the above-mentioned functions image is decided as the above-mentioned a part of zone in the above-mentioned functions image.
According to the 18th technical characterictic of the present invention, in method for displaying image based on the 11st to 17 technical characterictic, make the step of above-mentioned functions image, to and be arranged in the window level of regulation and the value of window width as the pixel value of the value of each pixel of view data, corresponding with conversion coefficient, and be that above-mentioned gradient colour code is determined on the basis with this conversion coefficient.
According to the 19th technical characterictic of the present invention, in method for displaying image based on the 11st to 18 technical characterictic, utilization makes the step of above-mentioned functions image, the gradient colour code that is assigned to the above-mentioned functions image is decided by various catalogs as described below, wherein said catalog be in each RGB, make as the pixel value of the value of each pixel of view data corresponding with conversion coefficient.
According to the 20th technical characterictic of the present invention, in the method for displaying image based on the 11st to 19 technical characterictic, above-mentioned live body function information is with blood flow, at least a in the middle of the blood flow function information of representative such as blood flow volume and mean transit time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the display packing of function image of the present invention and the pie graph of device.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that shows from the data acquisition to the composograph.
Fig. 3 is the sketch map of the calculation method of conversion coefficient.
Fig. 4 is the figure of presentation function energy image with the formation of catalog.
Fig. 5 is the sketch map of function image with catalog.
Fig. 6 is the figure of expression cross-sectional imaging with the formation of catalog.
Fig. 7 is the sample image of mixed function image.
Fig. 8 is the sample image of projection mixed function image on the cross-section image.
Fig. 9 is the flow chart that shows from the data acquisition to the composograph in the embodiments of the invention 2.
Figure 10 is the figure of an example of the ROI establishing method during calculation between the image of the example of explanation in the embodiments of the invention 2.
Figure 11 is the MTT function image before treatment in the embodiments of the invention 2.
Figure 12 is the MTT function image after treatment in the embodiments of the invention 2.
Figure 13 carries out synthetic image to MTT difference images and CT cross-section image before and after the treatment in the embodiments of the invention 2.
Figure 14 is the CBV function image before treatment.
Figure 15 is the CBV function image after treatment.
Figure 16 be about above-mentioned Figure 11,12,14,15 the CBV before and after the treatment and MTT difference images and CT cross-section image are carried out synthetic image.
The specific embodiment
Below, describe the display packing of function image of the present invention and the preferred implementation of device in detail with accompanying drawing.
(embodiment 1)
Fig. 1 is the figure of the preferred implementation of expression display packing of function image of the present invention and device.Function image display method of the present invention and device are meant the cross-section image data acquisition mechanism 1 by the echo-signal of X line attenuation signal or magnetic resonance emission etc., as CT device or MRI device.Constitute by display packings 4 such as operating board such as computer 2, mouse or the keyboard of the control of carrying out collecting mechanism 1 and various calculations and display.In computer 2, be equipped with: the program of control collecting mechanism 1, carry out image reconstruction etc. and make the program of the program of cross-section image, the analysis of carrying out the live body function information and drawing and the program that makes composograph.When display packing that constitutes function image of the present invention and device, above-mentioned each program can be equipped in the computer, also can be equipped on respectively in a plurality of computers with each computing kind.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the demonstration from the data acquisition to the composograph of the display packing of function image of the present invention and device.This flow process is to realize by built-in software in the computer 2 of Fig. 1 or not shown outer computer.
According to this flow chart present embodiment is illustrated.At first, by collecting mechanism 1, gather X line attenuation data or susceptibility signal strength data (step 201) by the control sequence control of in computer 2, carrying.
In step 201,, gather echo-signal by X line attenuation signal or magnetic resonance emission by collecting mechanism 1 by the control of the control sequence on the computer 2.For example data acquisition unit is the CT device, if the live body function information of wanting to analyze is the perfusion information of head, after the contrast enhancing substance that injects as iodine is contrast agent to patient 5, concentrate on specific internal organs or position that this material flows into, make a video recording constantly (dynamically shooting just), can gather the necessary data of the analysis of carrying out the live body function information thus.
In step 202, use the image reconstruction supervisor that on computer 2, carries, make cross-section image.
In step 203, be presented at the cross-section image that makes in the step 202.
In step 204, for example use on computer 2 analysis programme of the live body function information that carries, the parameter that calculates expression live body function information i.e. pixel value P for example.As the exemplary parameter of said parameter here, cerebral blood flow spirogram (Cerebral Blood Flow is arranged, be CBF) as, brain blood volume (Cerebral Blood Volume, i.e. CBV) image, mean transit time (Mean TransitTime, i.e. MTT) image.
CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS is preferably carried out to prevent that resolving power from descending each pixel of cross-section image, but urgently as the diagnosis of carrying out the live body function information rapidly the time need to finish under the situation of calculation, can perform calculations by downscaled images, also can a plurality of pixels perform calculations.
In step 205, use the mapping program that in computer 2, carries, the drafting pattern that results in that will obtain in step 204 makes function image thus.
In step 206, the function image that will make in step 205 is shown in the indication mechanism 4.Wherein, in step 206, not only the Presentation Function image can also show function image and cross-section image as required together.Wherein, when continuing to make composograph, can not carry out pictorial display here.
In step 207, as hereinafter described, use the composograph that in computer 2, carries to make program, make composograph.
In step 208, composograph is shown in indication mechanism 4.Wherein, in step 208, not only display image can also show together with 2 in composograph, function image and the cross-section image as required at least.
Flow chart about Fig. 2, when X line attenuation data or susceptibility signal strength data have been gathered when finishing, from built-in or be external in after storing mechanisms such as hard disk 6 on the computer 2 have read X line attenuation data or susceptibility signal strength data, can execution in step 202 later steps.
And then, about the flow chart of Fig. 2, when cross-section image has made when finishing, from built-in or be external in after storing mechanisms such as hard disk 5 on the computer 2 have read cross-section image, can execution in step 203 later steps.
And then, about the flow chart of Fig. 2, when function image has made when finishing, from built-in or be external in after storing mechanisms such as hard disk 5 on the computer 2 have read function image, also want read functions image and faultage image in addition as required, then can execution in step 206 later steps.
Next, the creating method to the composograph of step 207 describes.In the present embodiment, be that the sum of function image is made as the M width of cloth and describes with the kind of the live body function information in certain internal organs.
In addition, grey is a positive integer, for example 8 bits (256 gray scale), 12 bits (4096 gray scale), 16 bits (65536 gray scale), 32 bits (4294967296 gray scale).
Below, tone is meant form and aspect, chroma, brightness or at least two combination in them.In addition, the gradient colour code is meant that the scope with the maximum of pixel value and minima is divided into a stage at least, distributes different tones respectively to each stage, that is to say it is the continuum of tone.
(1) by pixel to the transformation series transformation of variable
The image that is referred to as the mixed function image is described.This mixed function image is, the function image that the live body function information is shown corresponding to the gradient colour code is overlapping a plurality of and carry out synthetic image.Here, the use tone between the function image is different.Wherein, in function image, also comprise with the specific region in certain gradient colour code display image as the original image of mixed function image.At this moment, special color demonstration arbitrarily can be used in the zone beyond the specific region.When making the mixed function image, pixel value P, display window place value WL and demonstration window width value WW based on function image calculate conversion coefficient C.Conversion coefficient C for example tries to achieve with following formula 1 formula with reference to Fig. 3.Here, WL represents the window position, and WW represents window width.The concentration that shows is to be the center with the window position, distributes in the scope of every WW/2 up and down.In the outside of this scope WW, there is not concentration or because saturated and do not change.That is,, reach capacity in the big place of pixel value and turn white, in contrast, then tend to the darkest in the little place of pixel value according to showing window width WW.In addition, PMAX represent pixel maximum, the maximum of CMAX representation transformation coefficient.
P≤(WL-WW/2) C＝0
(WL-WW/2)≤P≤(WL+WW/2) C=CMAX/WW·P (?1)
(WL+WW/2)≤P C=CMAX
Wherein, in example shown in Figure 3, to Zi (WL-WW/2) interval to (WL+WW/2) carry out linear transformation, also can carry out nonlinear transformation arbitrarily as required.In addition, also can be directly with pixel value P as conversion coefficient C.
Fig. 4 is illustrated in to make the catalog that uses in the mixed function image (below be called LUT).Said in the present embodiment LUT is meant the correspondence table of each composition (as the R composition, G composition, B composition) of above-mentioned conversion coefficient and Show Color.Being applicable to the conversion coefficient C of the pixel in the zone that (WL-WW/2) is following, is the darkest color (lower end color) of the end in the gradient colour code.Below, R, G, the B the darkest color table separately that will be used for the color demonstration are shown as R1, G1, B1.Wherein, when being assigned to each stage of above-mentioned gradient colour code, may not join the color that seems the darkest to the most dark-coloured part sometimes when only changing the form and aspect in the tone.But under these circumstances, for convenience it is called the most dark-coloured (lower end color).
On the other hand, the value of conversion coefficient C is suitable for the conversion coefficient C of the pixel in (WL+WW/2) above zone, and the other end in the gradient colour code is the brightest light colour.Below, R, G, the B light colour separately that will be used for color showing are expressed as Rh, Gh, Bh.Wherein, with above-mentioned the same, when being assigned to each stage of above-mentioned gradient colour code, may not partly join the color that seems the brightest to light tone sometimes when only changing the form and aspect in the tone.But under these circumstances, for convenience it is called light tone (upper end color).
Each composition R (c), the G (c) of R, the G of LUT among certain conversion coefficient C, B, B (c) for example can determine according to following formula (2) then with reference to function image LUT shown in Figure 5.Wherein, Fig. 5 is the example of each R, G, B LUT of all kinds, and it is more common being assigned to that the initial value of chart (table) of the RGB of each function image and slope have nothing in common with each other.By showing the system of the color of live body function information as the most dark-coloured R1, the G1 of the initial value of RGB, the combination regulation of B1.
In example shown in Figure 5, will connect into linearity from the most dark-coloured score value that respectively becomes, but can also connect into non-linear arbitrarily as required to light tone.If each function image has M, preferably set with each function image 1, function image 2 ..., the corresponding M of a function image M catalog, promptly LUT1, LUT2 ..., LUTM.But, be not limited to this, between a plurality of function images, can use same LUT.
(2) the mixed function image makes
Processing to the display pixel of the eclipsed part of several function images describes.Here, (i, R, the G of demonstration color j), each component list of B are shown as RF, and (i, j), (i, j), (i, in the time of j), they can decide by following formula 3 BF GF certain pixel in will arranging the mixed function image.
Here, Wk represents the weight of synthetic several function images, Ck (i, j) expression pixel (i, j) conversion coefficient of the function energy image k in.In addition, Rk (Ck (i, j)), Gk (Ck (i, j)), Bk (Ck (i, j)) expression conversion coefficient Ck (i, the value of R, the G of LUTk regulation j), each composition of B, be that (i j) is input among the conversion coefficient C of formula 2 through calculating the value that obtains with the conversion coefficient Ck of each pixel.Wherein, as mentioned above, here especially with several k of the kind of function image integer as 1～M.
The zone that shows with the gradient colour code can be an entire image, also can be the part of image.When the part with a gradient colour code display image is specific when regional, at least one that can close among ROI etc. according to threshold value, scope by control station 4 set.Such threshold value, scope and ROI can set one or more (handling 1) in every kind of function image.
Certain pixel (i in the middle of certain function image k, when j) just in time representing the live body function, promptly for example as this pixel (i, j) Time in ROI, if perhaps this pixel value is in the scope that the threshold value by relative function image k determines,, determine each composition Rk (Ck (i according to as above-mentioned LUTk shown in Figure 4, j)), Gk (Ck (i, j)), Bk (Ck (i, j)), if pixel value or pixel be not as mentioned above in threshold value, in any range of scope and ROI, particular value is assigned to each composition Rk (Ck (i, j)), Gk (Ck (i, j)), (Ck (i, j)) is so that show that with the function that does not hinder care such particular color shows (handling 2) for Bk.
By all pixels being handled 1 and handle 2, in certain width of cloth function image, only show above-mentioned set point with the gradient colour code, other scopes can show that processing 1 and processing 2 can be carried out all function images with particular color, also can only carry out the partial function image.
To implement to handle 1 and the synthetic of each function image of handling after 2 describe.Synthetic function image like this is known as the mixed function image below, and the data of mixed function image obtain in each pixel.According to formula 3 by each pixel determine RF (i, j), GF (i, j), (i, j), the pixel that show with particular color this moment is that the weights W k of this function image is set to 0 and calculate to BF.If obtain all pixels data RF (i, j), GF (i, j), (i, j), (i's BF j) draws, thereby carries out pictorial display according to coordinate.So, can make the mixed function image.Even under the situation that there is no need synthetic all N width of cloth function images, can make the weight that there is no need synthetic function image is 0 to synthesize.Wherein, as the setting of particular range, illustration threshold value, scope and ROI, but can also use other parameters to set as required.
(3) the making of projection mixed function image on the cross-section image
The creating method of the overlapping composograph (below, the projection mixed function image on the cross-section image) of cross-section image and vision-mix then, is described.Here, if will be on cross-section image certain the pixel (i in the projection mixed function image, j) each of Show Color becomes to be divided into RTF (i, j), GTF (i, j), BTF (i, j), can use as follows and through type 4 is determined, promptly each color of pixel composition RF of the mixed function image of trying to achieve according to following formula 3 (i, j), GF (i, j), BF (i, j) with at pixel (i, (i j), makes each color component value RT (CC (i of the relevant conversion coefficient CC (P) that tries to achieve with catalog LUTT corresponding to several cross-section images of distinguishing with symbol t to the variation coefficient CC of the cross-section image j), j)), GT (CC (i, j)), BT (CC (i, j)), the weights W B and the WT of every width of cloth mixed function image and cross-section image.
Cross-section image generally shows with the ash mark, so cross-section image for example can be set as shown in Figure 6 with catalog.In order to make projection mixed function image on the cross-section image, under the situation that is the pixel that shows with the gradient colour code, according to formula 4 determine RTF (i, j), GTF (i, j), BTF (i, j).The pixel that shows with particular color is that weights W B is made as 0 in public 4, thus determine RTF (i, j), GTF (i, j), BTF (i, j).If all pixels are carried out such processing post-plot, just finished projection mixed function image on the cross-section image.
On vision-mix or cross-section image in the projection mixed function image, when wanting to change the gradient colour code of certain function image k, according to parameter from control station 4 inputs, adopt the above-mentioned method change catalog LUTk corresponding with this function image, can change the Rk (Ck (i in the following formula 3 thus, j)), Gk (Ck (i, j)), Bk (Ck (i, j)).Wherein, k is the integer of 1～m.
On vision-mix or cross-section image in the projection mixed function image, the information that obtains from certain function image k when change emphasize degree the time, the parameter according to from control station 4 inputs can change the Wk in the following formula 3.
On vision-mix or cross-section image in the projection mixed function image, when want to change with the gradient colour code show regional the time, can stipulate the parameter that this is regional and change from control station 4 input threshold values, scope, ROI etc.
On cross-section image in the projection mixed function image, when change mixed function image emphasize degree the time, the parameter according to from control station 4 inputs can change WB or WT in the following formula 4.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are the examples that expression is applied to embodiments of the invention the cerebral blood flow function image that made by the CT image.Fig. 7 is the sample image of the mixed function image that makes according to these three kinds of function informations (cerebral blood flow, brain blood volume, mean transit time), is the abnormal area 31 of cerebral blood flow, the abnormal area 32 of brain blood volume, the abnormal area 33 of mean transit time and the composograph in other zone 39.Fig. 8 is the sample image of projection mixed function image on the cross-section image that makes according to the mixed function image that is made by three kinds of function informations (cerebral blood flow, brain blood volume, mean transit time) and CT image 30.In these sample images, show the abnormal area 31 of cerebral blood flow with the gradient colour code of green system, show the abnormal area 32 of brain blood volume with the blue gradient colour code that is, show mean transit time abnormal area 33 with the gradient colour code of red colour system.These sample images not only will be thought and be shown on the piece image in unusual zone aspect each physiologic parameters such as cerebral blood flow, brain blood volume, mean transit time, the order of severity of the deep or light or versicolor severity of mixing up display abnormality of color matching can also be passed through, effect of the present invention can be understood thus.Projection mixed function image on these mixed function images or the cross-section image, not a kind of but select different several in the function image of a plurality of existence and synthesize, can make projection mixed function image on several different mixed function images or the cross-section image thus.Projection mixed function image can show on image simultaneously on these several mixed function images or the cross-section image.
To sum up, by present embodiment 1, the pixel of inferring the value that expression threshold value in the function image is above is that characteristic portion such as diseased region shows.Be set as a plurality of by parameter with this function image, can increase information judged, by showing these Q-characters with different colors with regard to each parameter, it is unusual just very clear what kind of which parameter shows at which position, even unusually also can coming into plain view of a plurality of parameters appears in position that show they being carried out overlapping.
And then, in above-mentioned painted characteristic portion, can be according to the concentration or the color matching of the big minor change color of pixel value, thereby just can judge unusual degree.
In addition, can change the transparency of these characteristic portions, so can be altered to operator's picture state of identification easily.And then the position of on image, selecting the periphery of characteristic portion or wanting especially to diagnose, can be as mentioned above only painted and can show as ROI to this part, can not hinder diagnosis because of otiose information.
In addition, as shown in Figure 8, after overlapping, show, can easily grasp and outside position relation such as head, make diagnosis become easier with cross-section image 40.Function image can be selected demonstration arranged side by side, overlapping, and any configuration such as overlap can become and the consistent using method of intention of diagnosis or user constantly.In addition, function image mainly uses CBF, CBV, MTT, and their instrumentation value is can confirm on image simultaneously.In addition, make ROI, threshold value or the configuration of above-mentioned characteristic portion by record, at any time can repeat the diagnosis under the identical conditions, thereby relatively the becoming easily of the function image before and after operation or the treatment, can carry out the operation that can't unscrupulously enter that causes by operator's difference etc. or the measurement of effectiveness of treatment simultaneously.
And then, also can show the difference images before and after treating
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of expression by the demonstration from the data acquisition to the composograph of the program of the image diagnosing system of present embodiment.According to this flow chart the processing by present embodiment is described.In step 301,, gather echo-signal by X line attenuation signal or magnetic resonance emission by by the collecting mechanism 1 (with reference to Fig. 1) that is equipped on the control sequence control on the computer 2.
For example, harvester is the CT device, if the live body function information of wanting to analyze is the perfusion information of head, after the contrast enhancing substance that injects as iodine is contrast agent to patient 5, dynamically make a video recording, can gather the necessary data of the analysis of carrying out the live body function information thus.
In step 302, the program that the image reconstruction that use is carried on computer 2 is used etc. make cross-section image.Cross-section image is the transverse section preferably, arbitrary cross-sections such as coronalplane and sagittal plane.In step 303, be presented at the cross-section image that makes in the step 302.In step 304, use the analysis programme of the live body function information that on computer 2 grades, carries, calculate the parameter of expression live body function information.From the viewpoint that prevents that resolving power from descending, CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS is preferably carried out each pixel of cross-section image, but under the situation that urgent needs finish to calculate at short notice as the diagnosis of carrying out the live body function information rapidly the time, can downscaled images perform calculations, also can a plurality of pixels perform calculations.In step 305, use the mapping program that in computer 2 grades, carries, the drafting pattern that results in that will obtain in step 304 makes function image thus.In step 306, the function image that will make in step 305 is shown in the indication mechanism 4.Wherein, in step 306, not only the Presentation Function image can also show function image and cross-section image as required together.
In step 307, as hereinafter described, use the composograph that in computer 2, carries to make program, make composograph.
In step 308, select whether to be necessary to carry out by the operator to calculate between image such as difference calculation, if do not need, then enter step 309.When want to emphasize to be presented at repeatedly check in during the zone etc. of live body function information generation significant change, preferably carry out between image such as difference calculation and calculate.
In step 307, selecting under the situation that is necessary to carry out calculating between image, select whether to be necessary to carry out the quantitative values revisal by the operator, if do not need, then enter step 308.For example in the brain perfusion image, according to the shooting section, owing to there is the object of the low CT value of crossing over the shooting aspect, the suitably influence of revisal partial volume effect (Partial Volume Effect), wherein said partial volume effect be meant can't accurately calculate in the cross-section image of this aspect particularly at the partial C T value of the contour CT value of aorta, cause quantitative values excessive sometimes.In this case, preferably after the revisal quantitative values, carry out again calculating between image.In step 308, when needs revisal quantitative values, use the quantitative values correction program that in computer 2, carries to carry out the quantitative values revisal.In step 308, and then the calculation program makes calculation back image between the image of use lift-launch in computer 2.Wherein, drill calculation arbitrarily such as preferably difference calculation between the image in the step 308.In step 309, set the condition of carrying out synthetic zone with cross-section image to calculating back image or function image.
But, when the Zone Full that will calculate back image or function image directly on cross-section image when overlapping and synthetic, this step is of no use.When the specific region that only will calculate back image or function image was overlapping and synthetic on cross-section image, by setting threshold or ROI, or only the pixel of any conditional was satisfied in selection, specifies overlapping areas thus.For example image is under the situation of difference images of the brain perfusion functional image in a plurality of inspections after calculation, when wanting only to demonstrate when being illustrated in regional that right hemisphere has significant change, ROI is specified in whole right hemisphere, and the pixel of condition that can only pixel value P be satisfied following formula 5 is overlapping and synthetic on cross-section image.
P＝Mean+k·SD (5)
Wherein, in following formula, Mean is the meansigma methods of the ensemble of pixel values of calculation back image, and SD is a standard deviation, and k is any real number.
In addition, for example image is under the situation of the brain perfusion functional image in a plurality of inspections after calculation, and is when thinking that the display abnormality zone over time, only that pixel value is overlapping and synthetic on cross-section image in the pixel more than the threshold value or below the threshold value.
In step 310, use the composograph that in computer 2, carries to make program, make composograph.The detailed content that makes of this composograph as described later.In step 311, composograph is shown in indication mechanism 4.In step 311, not only show composograph, images such as composograph and function image, calculation back image, cross-section image can also be shown simultaneously as required.In addition, at this moment, show, can provide Useful Information by the analysis of live body function information by pixel count, meansigma methods, standard deviation and the block diagram that is combined in the synthetic zone of setting in the step 309.
When X line attenuation data or susceptibility signal strength data finish with collection, from built-in or be external in after storing mechanisms such as hard disk 5 on the computer 2 have read X line attenuation data or susceptibility signal strength data, the step that execution in step 302 is later.In addition, when cross-section image has made when finishing, built-in or be external on the computer 2.When after storing mechanisms such as hard disk 5 have read cross-section image, the step that execution in step 303 is later.When function image has made when finishing, from built-in or be external in after storing mechanisms such as hard disk 5 on the computer 2 have read function image, also want read functions image and faultage image in addition as required, then the later step of execution in step 306.
Next, about step 308, be described in detail in and check that repeatedly a plurality of series function images that obtain are through calculating new diagnosis the making with image that forms.For example when seeing that the live body function information changes in repeatedly checking, can make the function image of repeatedly checking that difference is arranged.The kind of calculation is not limited to difference calculation, also can add according to purposes, multiplication and division or the hybrid operation of four arithmetic operation arbitrarily.Calculation can perform calculations to whole pixels in each pixel between image.
In addition, as shown in figure 10, for example each is calculated with the ROI8 area surrounded of setting arbitrarily as required, also can be in the ROI zone characteristic quantities such as meansigma methods, meta numerical value, maximum, minima as the calculation object.So can carry out the visual evaluation in the size that is easy to diagnose.
In addition, function image is divided into several zones, can performs calculations in each zone by introducing contour.For example under the situation of functional diagram image position brain perfusion image, can be divided into white matter, grey matter, vascular bed etc. by introducing contour, and then, can be divided into each anatomy fragment (segment) such as thalamus, lentiform nucleus, boundary zone by specifying ROI.Carry out calculating between image in each such anatomy fragment, this evaluation to the variation of live body function information also is useful.
Then, about step 308, the correction method of quantitative values is described.For example, in the brain perfusion image,, revisal is carried out in the influence of as described in example 1 above such partial volume effect, obtained quantitative stability based on the maximum or the area under curve of the time density curve in last sagittal venous sinus.But, in the shooting section, do not contain the sagittal venous sinus by the shooting section sometimes yet.The suitably influence of revisal partial volume effect under these circumstances, it is inaccurate that quantitative values becomes.If can judge and become the image that in repeatedly checking, has suitably carried out the revisal of partial volume effect, use the revisal parameter (maximum or area under curve) in this inspections that the quantitative values in other inspections is carried out revisal.
As other correction method, having with the meansigma methods in the healthy area is the method that revisal is carried out on the basis.This method is that hypothesis does not rely on the review time and stable method at the live body function information of same examinate's healthy area.The meansigma methods of the quantitative values of the healthy area on the function image during certain is checked is made as Mean1, and the meansigma methods of the quantitative values of the healthy area during other are checked on the function image is made as Mean2.Here, consistent in order to make Mean1 with Mean2, by moving the pixel value (quantitative values) of (shift) certain function image, can the revisal quantitative values.
Next, about step 310, the creating method of the composograph (below be called projection mixed function image on the cross-section image) of calculation back image or function image and cross-section image is described.In the present embodiment, the grey of color range is made as M describes, grey is a positive integer, is set as grey arbitrarily such as 8 bits (256 gray scale), 12 bits (4096 gray scale), 16 bits (65536 gray scale), 32 bits (4294967296 gray scale).Grey is high more then can gray-scale displayed abundant more.The general color range that form and aspect, brightness, chroma are arranged in color range, its kind is also various.
When making composograph, pixel value P and display window place value WL, demonstration window width WW to calculate back image or function image calculate variation coefficient C.Variation coefficient C is the same with embodiment 1, for example suc as formula 1 and shown in Figure 3 determine like that.In this embodiment, the interval mapping of WL-WW/2 to WL+WW/2 is linear, but can carry out nonlinear transformation arbitrarily as required.In addition, can be with pixel value directly as conversion coefficient.
Fig. 4 is the catalog (LUT) that expression is used to make composograph.Described in the present embodiment LUT is meant the correspondence table of above-mentioned variation coefficient C and each composition of Show Color (R composition, G composition, B composition).With pixel the darkest in the display window is that R, G, each composition of B of above-mentioned the most dark-coloured (the lower end color) of transform coefficient values below WL-WW/2 represented with R1, G1, B1, with being fit to the brightest pixel in the display window is that R, G, each composition of B of the light tone of the pixel of transform coefficient values more than WL+WW/2 represented with Rh, Gh, Bh, at this moment, each composition R (C) of R, the G of LUT among certain variation coefficient C, B, G (C), B (C) are for example suc as formula 2 and shown in Figure 5 next definite.
In example shown in Figure 5, will be the most dark-coloured, (lower end color) to the score value that respectively becomes of light tone (upper end color) connects into linearity, but can connect into non-linear arbitrarily as required.Even, can make a plurality of calculations image afterwards in the existing a plurality of and have under a plurality of situations with the corresponding function image of these a plurality of parameters respectively of expression live body function information parameter.If there be M in calculation back image, function image or calculation back image and function image, preferably set respectively with calculation back image 1 (or function image 1), calculation back image 2 (or function image 2) ... M corresponding catalog of calculation back image M (or function image M) be LUT1, LUT2 ... LUTM.But, even shared same catalog can not counteract yet in a plurality of calculation back images or function image.
Then, describe the composograph demonstration of step 311 in detail.When with certain pixel in the composograph (i, each of Show Color j) become to be divided into RTF (i, j), GTF (i, j), (i, j), they are determined by formula 4 BTF.
Here, WB represents to calculate the weight of back image or function image, and WT represents the weight of cross-section image, CC (i, j) the expression pixel (equally with the computational methods of the conversion coefficient of image or function image after the above-mentioned calculation determine by i, the j) conversion coefficient of the cross-section image in.
In addition, ((CC (i, j)), BT (respectively become score value by cross-section image with R, G, the B that catalog LUTT stipulates among CC (i, j)) the expression conversion coefficient CT (P) to RT for CC (i, j)), GT.When ash mark expression cross-section image, cross-section image for example can be set as shown in Figure 6 with catalog LUT.When cross-section image shows with color, need the chart of RGB shown in Figure 5.In addition, RF (i, j), GF (i, j), (i is the parameter of determining according to ratio of synthetic each calculation back image or function image j) to BF, is determined by formula 3.
Here, Wk represents the weight of synthetic calculation back image k or function image k, Ck (i, j) expression pixel (i, j) conversion coefficient of image k or function image k after the calculation in.((((i respectively becomes score value with R, G, the B of LUTk regulation in j) to Ck (i, j)) expression conversion coefficient Ck to Rk for Ck (i, j)), Bk for Ck (i, j)), Gk.Wherein, k is the integer of 1～M, and M is consistent with the width of cloth number of calculation back image or function image.Wherein, be under the situation of a width of cloth at the width of cloth number of image after the calculation or function image, formula 4 becomes formula 6.
Here, Ck (i, j) expression pixel (i, j) conversion coefficient of image or function image after the calculation in.In order to make the composograph of calculation back image or function image and cross-section image, when being the pixel of usefulness gradient colour code demonstration, according to formula 4 or formula 6 determine RTF (i, j), GTF (i, j), BTF (i, j), the pixel that shows with particular color is made as 0 to weights W B in formula 4 or 6, determine then RTF (i, j), GTF (i, j), BTF (i, j).Can carry out this processing to whole pixels, then according to RTF (i, j), GTF (i, j), (i's BTF j) draws.
The zone (specific zone) that shows with the gradient colour code can be according to by control station 4 preset threshold, conditional or ROI determine arbitrarily.Threshold value, conditional or ROI set one or more in each calculation back image arbitrarily.Certain pixel (i of certain calculation back image k or function image k, j) pixel value in, if by at the threshold value of calculation back image k or function image k or scope that conditional sets and pixel (i, j) in the scope of setting with ROI, determine Rk (Ck (i according to the establishing method of above-mentioned LUT, j)), Gk (Ck (i, j)), Bk (Ck (i, j)) each composition, if outside scope, then particular value is distributed to Rk (Ck (i, j)), Gk (Ck (i arbitrarily, j)), Bk (each composition of Ck (i, j)).
By whole pixels are carried out above processing, in certain calculation back image or function image, only show specific zone with the gradient colour code.In addition, other zone be with black or Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt in particular color such as Fig. 7～Fig. 8 and Figure 11～18 show only for representing in the zone of CT cross-section image 40.Above-mentioned processing to all calculations after image or function image carry out.Even under the whole situation that there is no need synthetic M width of cloth calculation back image or function image, can be to synthesize after 0 with the weight setting that there is no need synthetic calculation back image or function image.
In composograph, when to the information that obtains from certain calculation back image k or function image k emphasize that degree changes the time, can be according to the Wk that comes from the parameter of control station 4 inputs the change formula 5.
In composograph, wanting to change under the situation in the zone that shows with the gradient colour code, can change threshold value, conditional or ROI according to parameter from control station 4 inputs.
In composograph, when to calculate back image or function image, cross-section image emphasize that degree changes the time, according to the WB or the WB that come from the parameter of control station 4 inputs change formula 4 or 6.
Figure 11～18 expression applies the present invention to the example that is fabricated into brain perfusion functional figure that makes from the CT image.Figure 11～13rd makes the sample image of the narrow patient of RICA at the composograph of difference images for the treatment of treatment front and back, mean transit time image M TT front and back and CT image.In this sample image, gradient colour code with iridescent colors only shows the zone that mean transit time MTT has significant change, change the WB of significant zone and be made as 0.8 formula 5, WT synthesizes after being made as 0.2, WB is made as 0 in other zones, WT is made as 1 and synthesizes.In Figure 13, the bigger and part that show with warm colour system of the variation of 34 expression MTT, the variation of 35 expression MTT is smaller and with the zone of cool colour system demonstration.Here, color is to distribute according to the size of the difference of Figure 11 and Figure 12.
Figure 11,12, Figure 14 to 16 make the sample image of the narrow patient of RICA at the composograph of the difference images for the treatment of difference images front and back, mean transit time image M TT, brain blood volume image C BV, CT image.In this sample image, show the zone that brain blood volume image C BV have significant change with the gradient colour code 36 of blue system, the zone that has significant change with the gradient colour code 37 demonstration mean transit time MTT of red colour system.In addition, the W1 (being the weight of the difference images of brain blood volume image) of formula 3 is made as 0.75, W2 (being the weight of the difference images of mean transit time image) is made as 0.25, synthesizes then.And then, in zone that brain blood volume CBV or mean transit time MTT have significant change the WB in the formula 4 is made as 0.8, WT is made as 0.2, synthesize then.
Application examples when Figure 11～13 expression calculation back images or function image are 1 width of cloth, application examples when Figure 11,12, Figure 14～16 expression calculation back images or function image are two width of cloth can be applied to calculate back image or function image and be the situation of 3 width of cloth when above too.By these sample images, can easily grasp zone that significant change in the live body function information, occurs or disease zone over time, can also reduce the uncertainty that ROI that the subjectivity because of the operator causes sets, not damage the original shape of check point simultaneously again.As implied above, pass through present embodiment, has following effect, promptly can reduce the uncertainty that ROI that the subjectivity because of the operator causes sets, and the original shape of not bad check point, can easily grasp zone that significant change in the live body function information, occurs or disease zone over time.
As mentioned above, according to this explanation, have following effect, namely can obtain from disconnected from piece image The information that the face image obtains and the information that obtains from a plurality of function images respectively, and live body is parafunctional It is easy that the judgement of the order of severity becomes.
Claims (11)
1. an image display device comprises: the mechanism of collecting person under inspection's view data; Make the mechanism of cross-section image according to described view data; Calculate the mechanism of a plurality of live body function informations from described cross-section image; Each described live body function information is made the mechanism of function image; Described function image and described cross-section image are synthesized, make the mechanism of composograph; And, show to it is characterized in that the indication mechanism of described function image, described cross-section image and described composograph,
Make the mechanism of described composograph, make each described live body function information, come at least a portion zone of described each function image of conversion corresponding to different gradient colour codes, and each function image after the synthetic conversion,
The random color that other zones in the described function image do not contain with described gradient colour code shows or is shown as transparent.
2. image display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Also comprise: perform calculations using among the four arithmetic operation at least one at the 1st o'clock at the 2nd o'clock between function image that engraved and the function image that engraved, make the mechanism of calculation back image, the described mechanism that makes composograph, described calculation back image and described cross-section image is synthetic, make composograph.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described image display devices, it is characterized in that,
Described composograph can be by overlapping demonstration, show side by side or part any in showing is shown.
4. image display device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
It is 0 that the mechanism that makes described function image makes the ratio of the described function image beyond the described part zone in the described function image.
5. image display device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
Make the mechanism of described function image, can change the gradient colour code of distributing to described live body function information arbitrarily.
6. image display device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
Make the mechanism of described composograph, possess each function image that to set arbitrarily in the described composograph and the ratio of described cross-section image.
7. image display device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
Make the mechanism of described function image, according to the image data value of pixel cell within the prescribed limit or outside, decide the described part zone in the described function image.
8. image display device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
Make the mechanism of described function image, any region of interest decision in the described function image is regional as the described part in the described function image.
9. image display device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
Make the mechanism of described function image, will and be arranged in the window position of regulation and the value of window width as the pixel value of the value of each pixel of view data, corresponding with conversion coefficient, and be that described gradient colour code is determined on the basis with this conversion coefficient.
10. image display device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
Make the mechanism of described function image, the gradient colour code that is assigned to described function image is decided by various catalogs, wherein said catalog be in each RGB, make as the pixel value of the value of each pixel of view data corresponding with conversion coefficient.
11. image display device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
Described live body function information is with blood flow, and blood flow volume and mean transit time are at least a in the middle of the blood flow function information of representative.
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| US20160019360A1 (en) | 2013-12-04 | 2016-01-21 | Apple Inc. | Wellness aggregator |
| CN109599161B (en) | 2014-09-02 | 2023-09-29 | 苹果公司 | Physical activity and fitness monitor |
| CN107921317B (en) | 2015-08-20 | 2021-07-06 | 苹果公司 | Motion-based dial and complex function block |
| AU2017100667A4 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2017-07-06 | Apple Inc. | Activity and workout updates |
| US10736543B2 (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2020-08-11 | Apple Inc. | Workout monitor interface |
| US10845955B2 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2020-11-24 | Apple Inc. | Displaying a scrollable list of affordances associated with physical activities |
| DK201970532A1 (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2021-05-03 | Apple Inc | Activity trends and workouts |
| EP3977232A1 (en) | 2019-06-01 | 2022-04-06 | Apple Inc. | Multi-modal activity tracking user interface |
| DK202070613A1 (en) | 2020-02-14 | 2021-10-15 | Apple Inc | User interfaces for workout content |
| US11938376B2 (en) | 2021-05-15 | 2024-03-26 | Apple Inc. | User interfaces for group workouts |
| US11896871B2 (en) | 2022-06-05 | 2024-02-13 | Apple Inc. | User interfaces for physical activity information |
| US11977729B2 (en) | 2022-06-05 | 2024-05-07 | Apple Inc. | Physical activity information user interfaces |
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