CN100389361C - Light pulse delay apparatus based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and controllable optical fibre ring structure - Google Patents
Light pulse delay apparatus based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and controllable optical fibre ring structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN100389361C CN100389361C CNB2006100101722A CN200610010172A CN100389361C CN 100389361 C CN100389361 C CN 100389361C CN B2006100101722 A CNB2006100101722 A CN B2006100101722A CN 200610010172 A CN200610010172 A CN 200610010172A CN 100389361 C CN100389361 C CN 100389361C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a controllable light pulse delay device based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and fiber ring structure. The light pulse delay device in optical fibers solves the problem that the system complexity is simultaneously increased for obtaining long delay time in the prior art. The light pulse delay device of the present invention comprises an optical fiber annular chamber (2) which is composed of a first optical fiber circulator (1), a first isolator (5), a first fiber coupler (4) and a first single-mode fiber (3), wherein pump light emitted by a first laser source (6), and detection pulse light emitted by a second laser source (7) produce stimulated brillouin scattering in the optical fiber annular chamber (2), and the frequency of the pump light differs by a Brillouin frequency shift value of the first single-mode fiber (3) with that of the detection pulse light. The light pulse delay device of the present invention can obtain time delay at anytime by using the ring structure, and has the advantages of controllable time delay and simple device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the light pulse time-delay device in a kind of optical fiber, specifically relate to based on stimulated Brillouin scattering slower rays principle and utilize the fiber annular structure to increase the pulse delay amount, thereby obtain the pulse delay apparatus of random time time-delay.
Background technology
At present, utilize the optical pulse delay unit of the slower rays principle development of the transmission of light pulse in medium to cause people's extensive interest.Its potential application comprises quantum computer, all optical communication, fields such as data processing.And realize that in optical fiber the slower rays meaning is particularly important, because it and present optical communication system are complementary, so practicality is stronger.Recently, utilize stimulated Brillouin scattering to realize that the slower rays transmission of light pulse in optical fiber obtained people's extensive concern.But the time-delay of simple optical fiber maximum has only about 30ns, a kind of technology of multistage optical fiber series connection that adopts can make amount of delay increase, and consults 2005 14 phases of magazine " Optics Letters " (U.S.) " Long optically controlled delays in optical fibers ".Based on this method, in order to obtain the longer time-delay more optical fiber of multistage of just must connecting, it is very complicated that therefore system will become.
Summary of the invention
Increased the problem of system complex degree in order to solve in the prior art simultaneously for obtaining long delay time, the invention provides a kind of based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and fiber annular controllable structure light pulse time-delay device, thereby it is based on stimulated Brillouin scattering slower rays principle and utilizes the fiber annular structure to increase the pulse delay apparatus that the pulse delay amount obtains the random time time-delay, and it has overcome in the prior art has increased the defective of system complex degree simultaneously for obtaining long delay.
Time-delay mechanism of the present invention comprises first lasing light emitter that produces pump light and second lasing light emitter that produces direct impulse light, described time-delay mechanism also comprises first optical fiber circulator, first isolator, first fiber coupler and first single-mode fiber, first optical fiber circulator, first isolator, first fiber coupler and first single-mode fiber constitute optic fiber ring-shaped cavity, the pump light that first lasing light emitter produces imports and incides by second port of first optical fiber circulator end of first single-mode fiber from first port of first optical fiber circulator, the direct impulse light that second lasing light emitter produces imports and incides by the 3rd port of first fiber coupler other end of first single-mode fiber from first port of first fiber coupler, described direct impulse light arrives second port of first optical fiber circulator and incides the input end of first isolator by the 3rd port of first optical fiber circulator after Brillouin amplifies and delays time, the output terminal of first isolator connects second port of first fiber coupler by optical fiber, and the 4th port of first fiber coupler is exported required time-delay light pulse; The direct impulse light frequency that pumping light frequency that described first lasing light emitter produces and described second lasing light emitter produce differs the Brillouin shift value of one first single-mode fiber.The pulsewidth that described second lasing light emitter produces direct impulse is 40～100ns.The coupling ratio of described first fiber coupler is 99: 1～50: 50.
Principle of work: the present invention utilizes pump light and a branch of weak direct impulse light of a beam intensity of reverse transfer in first single-mode fiber stimulated Brillouin scattering to take place and obtain slower rays.When pump light and direct impulse light satisfy phase-matching condition, promptly
v
s＝v
p-Ω
B
The time stimulated Brillouin scattering, wherein v can take place
sBe direct impulse light frequency, v
pBe pumping light frequency, Ω
BBe Brillouin shift, this Ω
BSize by the model and the v of first single-mode fiber
pDecide.In when, in the single-mode fiber stimulated Brillouin scattering taking place when, it can be regarded as an arrowband amplification process, and according to the Kramers-Kronig relation, Brillouin's amplification process can produce change of refractive, and the acute variation of refractive index can cause the increase of group index, so group velocity is slack-off.The time-delay Δ T that the stimulated Brillouin scattering slower rays produces in optical fiber
DelFor
ΔT
del＝G/Γ
B，
Wherein, G is brillouin gain coefficient (its size is decided by the power of fiber lengths and pump light), Γ
BBe the brillouin gain bandwidth.As seen its amount of delay is determined by the brillouin gain coefficient.The present invention compares with traditional device of realizing slower rays in optical fiber, and it adopts the fiber annular cavity configuration to dwindle system bulk, has reduced the complexity of system; And the every circulation in optic fiber ring-shaped cavity of direct impulse light is amplified once will produce certain time-delay, and each circulation is amplified the amount of delay of generation by the decision of brillouin gain coefficient, and Control Circulation number of times and brillouin gain just can obtain amount of delay arbitrarily so.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an apparatus structure synoptic diagram of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment two, three, four.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: referring to Fig. 1, the time-delay mechanism of this embodiment is made up of second lasing light emitter 7, first optical fiber circulator 1, first isolator 5, first fiber coupler 4 and first single-mode fiber 3 of first lasing light emitter 6 that produces pump light, generation direct impulse light, and the frequency of the direct impulse that pumping light frequency that described first lasing light emitter 6 produces and described second lasing light emitter 7 produce differs the Brillouin shift value of one first single-mode fiber 3; First optical fiber circulator 1, first isolator 5, first fiber coupler 4 and first single-mode fiber 3 constitute optic fiber ring-shaped cavity 2, the length of described first single-mode fiber 3 is 500～1000 meters, the pump light that first lasing light emitter 6 produces imports and incides by second port one-2 of first optical fiber circulator 1 end of first single-mode fiber 3 from first port one-1 of first optical fiber circulator 1, the coupling ratio of described first fiber coupler 4 is 99: 1～50: 50, the direct impulse light that second lasing light emitter 7 produces is from the first port 4-1 input of first fiber coupler 4 and have 50%～99% light to incide the other end of first single-mode fiber 3 by the 3rd port 4-3 of first fiber coupler 4, direct impulse light transmits with counter clockwise direction in optic fiber ring-shaped cavity 2, described pump light and direct impulse light interact in first single-mode fiber 3 stimulated Brillouin scattering take place, described direct impulse light arrives second port one-2 of first optical fiber circulator 1 and incides the input end of first isolator 5 by the 3rd port one-3 of first optical fiber circulator 1 after Brillouin amplifies and delays time, the output terminal of first isolator 5 connects the second port 4-2 of first fiber coupler 4 by optical fiber, from the 4th port 4-4 of first fiber coupler 4 output 50%～99% through the once light pulse of time-delay, enter once more from the time-delay light pulse of the 3rd port 4-3 of first fiber coupler 4 output 1%～50% and to take place first single-mode fiber 3 to amplify once more and delay time, so formed circulation, so just can obtain the light pulse of different delayed time time by the circle transmission of light in optic fiber ring-shaped cavity 2.The optical maser wavelength of described first lasing light emitter 6 and 7 outputs of second lasing light emitter is 1550nm, its brillouin gain bandwidth Γ in first single-mode fiber 3
BBe 30～50MHz, the underpower of the pump light that described first lasing light emitter 6 produces amplifies to produce spontaneous stimulated Brillouin scattering in first single-mode fiber 3.The pulsewidth of the direct impulse that described second lasing light emitter 7 produces is 40～100ns.The model of described first single-mode fiber 3 is the SMF-28 of optical fiber cable company of Wuhan Changfei, and it can bundledly be placed in use, has reduced to take up room.
Embodiment two: referring to Fig. 2, the difference of this embodiment and embodiment one: described first lasing light emitter 6 is by the 3rd fiber laser 8, second fiber coupler 9, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 10 and adjustable attenuator 11 are formed, described second lasing light emitter 7 is by the 3rd fiber laser 8, second fiber coupler 9, brillouin fiber ring laser 12, first optical fiber polarization controller 13, electrooptic modulator 14, the pulse generating circuit 15 and second isolator 16 are formed, the coupling ratio of described second fiber coupler 9 is 90: 10～95: 5, the pump light of the 3rd fiber laser 8 outputs incides in second fiber coupler 9 by the first port 9-1 of second fiber coupler 9,5%～10% the pump light that obtains from the second port 9-2 of second fiber coupler 9 incides the input end of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 10, the output terminal of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 10 connects the input end of adjustable attenuator 11 by optical fiber, the output terminal of adjustable attenuator 11 connects first port one-1 of first optical fiber circulator 1 by optical fiber, 90%～95% the pump light that obtains from the 3rd port 9-3 of second fiber coupler 9 incides the input end of brillouin fiber ring laser 12 and obtains the light that frequencies and the pump light that incides Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 10 input ends differ the Brillouin shift value of one first single-mode fiber 3 through brillouin fiber ring laser 12, the output terminal of brillouin fiber ring laser 12 connects the input end of first optical fiber polarization controller 13 by optical fiber, the output terminal of first optical fiber polarization controller 13 connects the light input end of electrooptic modulator 14 by optical fiber, an output terminal of pulse generating circuit 15 connects the automatically controlled end of electrooptic modulator 14, the light output end of electrooptic modulator 14 connects the input end of second isolator 16 by optical fiber, and the output terminal of second isolator 16 connects the first port 4-1 of first fiber coupler 4 by optical fiber.Described the 3rd fiber laser 8 is output as the continuous light of 100mW; The power of described Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 10 outputs is 200mW; Described adjustable attenuator 11 is used to regulate the watt level that is input to the pump light in the optic fiber ring-shaped cavity 2.This embodiment is utilized electric pulse of pulse generating circuit 15 generations to be added on the electrooptic modulator 14 continuous light of first optical fiber polarization controller, 13 outputs is modulated, thereby produce a pulsed light as direct impulse light, the polarization state that first optical fiber polarization controller 13 changes laser is complementary itself and electrooptic modulator 14.The model that described Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 10 adopts is KPS-BT2-C-BO-FA (Keopsys company, a France).Other compositions are identical with embodiment one with annexation.This embodiment utilizes a lasing light emitter to produce the light of two kinds of character, and is simple in structure, the control accuracy height of the light amount of delay of waiting a moment.
Embodiment three: referring to Fig. 2, the difference of this embodiment and embodiment two: described brillouin fiber ring laser 12 is by the second optical fiber circulator 12-1, the second single-mode fiber 12-2, the 3rd fiber coupler 12-3, the optic fiber ring-shaped cavity that the 3rd isolator 12-4 and the second optical fiber polarization controller 12-5 constitute, the coupling ratio of described the 3rd fiber coupler 12-3 is 90: 10～95: 5,90%～95% the pump light that obtains from the 3rd port 9-3 of second fiber coupler 9 is from the first port one 2-1-1 input of the second optical fiber circulator 12-1 and incide the end of the second single-mode fiber 12-2 by the second port one 2-1-2 of the second optical fiber circulator 12-1, the other end of the second single-mode fiber 12-2 connects the second port one 2-3-2 of the 3rd fiber coupler 12-3, this part pump light transmits the input end that the Stokes light that produces is back to the second port one 2-1-2 of the second optical fiber circulator 12-1 and outputs to the second optical fiber polarization controller 12-5 by the 3rd port one 2-1-3 of the second optical fiber circulator 12-1 clockwise in the second single-mode fiber 12-2, the output terminal of the second optical fiber polarization controller 12-5 connects the input end of the 3rd isolator 12-4 by optical fiber, the output terminal of the 3rd isolator 12-4 connects the first port one 2-3-1 of the 3rd fiber coupler 12-3 by optical fiber, obtain the input end that 90%～95% Stokes light is input to first optical fiber polarization controller 13 from the 3rd port one 2-3-3 of the 3rd fiber coupler 12-3, obtain 5%～10% Stokes light from the 3rd port one 2-3-2 of the 3rd fiber coupler 12-3 and enter once more and form feedback the second single-mode fiber 12-2.In this embodiment, the described second single-mode fiber 12-2 is identical with the model of described first single-mode fiber 3, and like this Stokes light frequency of pump light self generation just differs a Brillouin shift value with it.The length of the described second single-mode fiber 12-2 is 1～2 km.Other compositions are identical with embodiment two with annexation.Adopt this embodiment to produce direct impulse light, simple in structure, instrument is few, easy and simple to handle, and guaranteed the degree of accuracy of direct impulse light frequency.
Embodiment four: referring to Fig. 2, the difference of this embodiment and embodiment two: described time-delay mechanism also comprises photoswitch 17 and pulse delay module 18, another output terminal of pulse generating circuit 15 connects pulse delay module 18 input ends, and pulse delay module 18 output terminals connect the control end of photoswitch 17.Pulse generating circuit 15 is given electrooptic modulator 14 and 18 1 pulse signals of pulse delay module simultaneously respectively, opens the light signal that obtains the certain time-delay amount through control photoswitch 17 after certain time-delay.The delay time of pulse delay module 18 is decided by required amount of delay, and amount of delay is relevant by the brillouin gain of the cycle index of direct impulse light and stimulated Brillouin scattering.Other compositions are identical with embodiment one with annexation.
Claims (10)
1. based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and fiber annular controllable structure light pulse time-delay device, described time-delay mechanism comprises first lasing light emitter (6) that produces pump light and second lasing light emitter (7) that produces direct impulse light, it is characterized in that described time-delay mechanism also comprises first optical fiber circulator (1), first isolator (5), first fiber coupler (4) and first single-mode fiber (3), first optical fiber circulator (1), first isolator (5), first fiber coupler (4) and first single-mode fiber (3) constitute optic fiber ring-shaped cavity (2), the pump light that first lasing light emitter (6) produces imports and incides by second port (1-2) of first optical fiber circulator (1) end of first single-mode fiber (3) from first port (1-1) of first optical fiber circulator (1), the direct impulse light that second lasing light emitter (7) produces imports and incides by the 3rd port (4-3) of first fiber coupler (4) other end of first single-mode fiber (3) from first port (4-1) of first fiber coupler (4), described direct impulse light arrives second port (1-2) of first optical fiber circulator (1) and incides the input end of first isolator (5) by the 3rd port (1-3) of first optical fiber circulator (1) after Brillouin amplifies and delays time, the output terminal of first isolator (5) connects second port (4-2) of first fiber coupler (4) by optical fiber, the required time-delay light pulse of the 4th port (4-4) output of first fiber coupler (4); The direct impulse light frequency that pumping light frequency that described first lasing light emitter (6) produces and described second lasing light emitter (7) produce differs the Brillouin shift value of one first single-mode fiber (3).
2. described based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and fiber annular controllable structure light pulse time-delay device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the pulsewidth of the direct impulse that described second lasing light emitter (7) produces is 40～100ns.
3. described based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and fiber annular controllable structure light pulse time-delay device according to claim 1, the coupling ratio that it is characterized in that described first fiber coupler (4) is 99: 1～50: 50.
4. described based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and fiber annular controllable structure light pulse time-delay device according to claim 1, the length that it is characterized in that described first single-mode fiber (3) is 500～1000 meters.
5. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 is described based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and fiber annular controllable structure light pulse time-delay device, it is characterized in that described first lasing light emitter (6) is by the 3rd fiber laser (8), second fiber coupler (9), Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (10) and adjustable attenuator (11) are formed, described second lasing light emitter (7) is by the 3rd fiber laser (8), second fiber coupler (9), brillouin fiber ring laser (12), first optical fiber polarization controller (13), electrooptic modulator (14), pulse generating circuit (15) and second isolator (16) are formed, the pump light of the 3rd fiber laser (8) output incides in second fiber coupler (9) by first port (9-1) of second fiber coupler (9), the a part of pump light that obtains from second port (9-2) of second fiber coupler (9) incides the input end of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (10), the output terminal of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (10) connects the input end of adjustable attenuator (11) by optical fiber, the output terminal of adjustable attenuator (11) connects first port (1-1) of first optical fiber circulator (1) by optical fiber, another part pump light that obtains from the 3rd port (9-3) of second fiber coupler (9) incides the input end of brillouin fiber ring laser (12) and obtains the light that frequency and the pump light that incides Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (10) input end differ the Brillouin shift value of one first single-mode fiber (3) through brillouin fiber ring laser (12), the output terminal of brillouin fiber ring laser (12) connects the input end of first optical fiber polarization controller (13) by optical fiber, the output terminal of first optical fiber polarization controller (13) connects the light input end of electrooptic modulator (14) by optical fiber, an output terminal of pulse generating circuit (15) connects the automatically controlled end of electrooptic modulator (14), the light output end of electrooptic modulator (14) connects the input end of second isolator (16) by optical fiber, and the output terminal of second isolator (16) connects first port (4-1) of first fiber coupler (4) by optical fiber.
6. described based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and fiber annular controllable structure light pulse time-delay device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described time-delay mechanism also comprises photoswitch (17) and pulse delay module (18), another output terminal of pulse generating circuit (15) connects pulse delay module (18) input end, and pulse delay module (18) output terminal connects the control end of photoswitch (17).
7. described based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and fiber annular controllable structure light pulse time-delay device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described brillouin fiber ring laser (12) is by second optical fiber circulator (12-1), second single-mode fiber (12-2), the 3rd fiber coupler (12-3), the optic fiber ring-shaped cavity that the 3rd isolator (12-4) and second optical fiber polarization controller (12-5) constitute, another part pump light that obtains from the 3rd port (9-3) of second fiber coupler (9) is from first port (12-1-1) input of second optical fiber circulator (12-1) and incide an end of second single-mode fiber (12-2) by second port (12-1-2) of second optical fiber circulator (12-1), the other end of second single-mode fiber (12-2) connects second port (12-3-2) of the 3rd fiber coupler (12-3), the Stokes light that this part pump light produces in second single-mode fiber (12-2) is back to second port (12-1-2) of second optical fiber circulator (12-1) and outputs to the input end of second optical fiber polarization controller (12-5) by the 3rd port (12-1-3) of second optical fiber circulator (12-1), the output terminal of the second optical fiber polarization controller 12-5 connects the input end of the 3rd isolator (12-4) by optical fiber, the output terminal of the 3rd isolator (12-4) connects first port (12-3-1) of the 3rd fiber coupler (12-3) by optical fiber, obtains the input end that Stokes light is input to first optical fiber polarization controller (13) from the 3rd port (12-3-3) of the 3rd fiber coupler (12-3).
8. described based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and fiber annular controllable structure light pulse time-delay device according to claim 5, the coupling ratio that it is characterized in that described second fiber coupler (9) is 90: 10～95: 5.
9. described based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and fiber annular controllable structure light pulse time-delay device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that described second single-mode fiber (12-2) is identical with the model of described first single-mode fiber (3).
10. described based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and fiber annular controllable structure light pulse time-delay device according to claim 7, the coupling ratio that it is characterized in that described the 3rd fiber coupler (12-3) is 90: 10～95: 5.
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| CN106772818A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Measure all -fiber device of heavy caliber magneto optic isolator isolation ratio |
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| CN103338075B (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2015-10-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Based on the optical fiber controllable delayer of stimulated Brillouin scattering |
| CN105319739B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2018-03-27 | 西南交通大学 | Photoswitch based on stimulated Brillouin scattering |
| CN105553543B (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-04-24 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | A kind of coherent light time domain reflection meter calibrating device and method |
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