CA2272476A1 - A method of taking soil samples and a soil sampling apparatus - Google Patents
A method of taking soil samples and a soil sampling apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2272476A1 CA2272476A1 CA 2272476 CA2272476A CA2272476A1 CA 2272476 A1 CA2272476 A1 CA 2272476A1 CA 2272476 CA2272476 CA 2272476 CA 2272476 A CA2272476 A CA 2272476A CA 2272476 A1 CA2272476 A1 CA 2272476A1
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- closure
- tubular body
- edge
- soil sampling
- clockwise
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Links
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000010006 flight Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
- E02D1/04—Sampling of soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/02—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil
- E21B49/06—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil using side-wall drilling tools pressing or scrapers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
A soil sampling apparatus and method of soil sampling.
The soil sampling apparatus has several soil sampling compartments, each of which has a closure with an open position and a closed position. Upon rotation in one direction, a second edge of the closure engages a borehole to move the closure to the closed position. Upon rotation in another direction, the second edge of the closure engages the borehole to move the closure to the open position and scrape cuttings into the compartment.
The soil sampling apparatus has several soil sampling compartments, each of which has a closure with an open position and a closed position. Upon rotation in one direction, a second edge of the closure engages a borehole to move the closure to the closed position. Upon rotation in another direction, the second edge of the closure engages the borehole to move the closure to the open position and scrape cuttings into the compartment.
Description
TITLE OF THE INVENTION:
A Method Of Taking Soil Samples And A Soil Sampling Apparatus NAMES) OF INVENTOR(S):
Robert Dale French Neil Russell Jackson FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of taking soil samples and a soil sampling apparatus.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
There are many applications in which soil samples must be taken at varying depths. One example of such an application, is where soil samples are taken to determine the suitability of a property as a building site.. Another example of such an application, is where soil samples are taken to check for environmental contamination of a site.
Earth boring drills with hel_Lcal external flights are used to avoid making a major excavation when taking subsurface soil samples. As the earth boring drill bores a hole, soil cuttings are carried to surface by the helical flights.
Unfortunately, a certain amount of mixing of the soil cuttings unavoidably occurs as the soil cuttings are carried up the helical flights. It is, therefore, impossible to tell with precision the start and end of soil stratum.
What is required is a more accurate method of taking soil samples and a soil sampling app;~ratus that will enable more accurate taking of soil samples in accordance with the teachings of the method.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a soil sampling apparai~us which includes a tubular body having a longitudinal axis, a first end and second end.
A coupling is provided at the first end of the tubular body by means of which the tubular body is rotated in one of a clockwise and a counterclockwise direction about the longitudinal axis. Several soil sampling compartments are provided in the tubular body spaced at intervals axially along the tubular body between the first end and the second end.
Each of the sampling compartments has a closure with an open position and a closed position. Each closure has a first edge and a second edge, with a hinge positioned along the first edge pivotally mounting each closure for movement about a secondary axis parallel to the longitudinal axis. The second edge of each closure protrudes tangentially past the tubular body.
Upon rotation in one of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions the second edge of the closure engages a borehole to move the closure to the closed position. Upon rotation in another of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions the second edge of the closure engages the borehole to move the closure to the open position and scrape cuttings into the compartment.
Although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the soil sampling apparatus, as described above, in order to use the apparatus a bore:hole would have to be drilled by a separate drill. Even more beneficial results may, therefore, be obtained when an earth boring tip is positioned at the second end of the tubular body. This enables the soil sampling apparatus to function as a drill. The tubular body does not have helical flights, however. Cuttings are not carried to surface, they are merely compressed into the sidewalls of the borehole.
Although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the soil sampling apparatus, as described above, it is sometimes difficult to remove and clean soil cuttings from the compartments in preparation for t:he next soil sampling. Even more beneficial results may, therefore, be obtained when containers are detachably secured in each of the sampling compartments. This enables soil to be gathered in containers, that are then removed after sampling is completed. Once removed, clean and uncontaminated containers can be used for the next soil sampling. The full containers can then be emptied and cleaned at the users convenience. The removal of the containers makes them more a~~cessible for cleaning.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of taking soil samples. A soil sampling apparatus is provided substantially as described above. The tubular body is rotated in one' of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions during entry into the borehole to cause the second edge of the closure to engage a borehole created by the earth boring tip to move the closure to the closed position, thereby precluding soil cuttings from entering the soil sampling compartments. The tubular body is then rotated in another of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions while sampling to cause the second edge of the closure to engage the borehole to move the closure to the open position and scrape cuttings into the compartment. The tubular body is then rotated in one of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions while withdrawing the tubular body from the borehole to cause the second edge of the closure to engage the borehole to move the closure to the closed position.
It will be appreciated that with the method, as described above, the drilling operation and the sampling operations of the apparatus are isolated. When the apparatus is rotating in a first direction, it is in a drilling mode. In the drilling mode, the closure of the sampling compartment is pushed to a closed position precluding the entry of soil cuttings. Once a borehole has been drilled, the apparatus is rotated in a second direction, to assume a sampling mode. In the sampling mode, the closure of the sampling compartment is forced into an open position and soil is scraped into the sampling compartment. The apparatus is again rotated in the first direction as the apparatus is withdrawn from the borehole to move the closure to the closed position and avoid contamination of the samples.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
These and other features of t:he invention will become more apparent from the following desc~__~iption in which reference is made to the appended drawings, wherein:
FIGURE 1 is a side elevation view of a soil sampling apparatus constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
FIGURE 2 is a top plan view of the soil sampling apparatus illustrated in FIGURE 1 being rotated in a clockwise direction.
FIGURE 3 is a top plan view of the soil sampling apparatus illustrated in FIGURE 1 being rotated in a counterclockwise direction.
FIGURE 4 is a detailed side elevation view, in section, of a container positioned in a sampling compartment of the soil sampling apparatus illustrated in FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 5 is an exploded perspective view of removal of the container illustrated in FIGLTRE 4, from the sampling compartment of the soil sampling apparatus illustrated in FIGURE 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The preferred embodiment, a soil sampling drill generally identified by reference numeral 10, will now be described with reference to FIGURES 1 through 5.
Referring to FIGURE l, soil sampling drill 10 includes a tubular body 12 having sidewalls 13, a longitudinal axis indicated by dashed lines 14, a first end 16 and a second end 18. Several soil sampling compartments are provided in the form of containers 20 that are rem.ovably secured within tubular body 12 at spaced intervals axially along tubular body 12 between first end 16 and second end 18. Tubular body 12 is rotated in one of a clockwise anal counterclockwise direction about longitudinal axis 14 by me<~ns of a coupling 22 at first end 16 of tubular body 12. An earth boring tip 24 is detachably secured by means of a nut 26 and a bolt 28 at second end 18 of tubular body 12. Referring to FIGURE 5, sidewalls 5 13 of tubular body 12 have an ini~erior surface 52 defining an and an exterior surface 54. Containers 20 are inserted through an opening 80 in sidewalls 13 into cavities 53 in tubular body 12. Sleeves 82 are rigidly secured to interior surface 52 of sidewalls 13 above and below opening 80. Each sleeve 82 has a first end 84 and a second end 86. Each container 20 has a bottom 62 and peripheral sidewalls 64. Peripheral sidewalls 64 have an outer surface 66 and an inside surface 68 that defines an interior 72. When container 20 is inserted through opening 80 into one of cavities 53, bottom 62 of container 20 adjacent peripheral sidewalls 69: is supported from below by second end 86 of a sleeve 82. Referring to FIGURES 2 through 4, an arcuate opening 70 extends through sidewall 64 of container 20 providing access to interior 72. Each arcuate opening 70 of container 20 has an arcuate closure 32 having a first edge 34 and a second edge 36. A hinge pin 38 is positioned along first edge 34 thereby pivotally mounting closure 32 to container 20 for movement about a secondary axis defined by hinge pin 38 parall~=_1 to longitudinal axis 14.
Referring to FIGURE 2, second edge 36 of each closure 32 protrudes tangentially past sidewalls 13 of tubular body 12.
Closure 32 has a closed position, illustrated in FIGURE 2, in which closure 32 completely covers arcuate opening 70 to preclude entry of soil into interior 72 of container 20; and an open position, illustrated in FIGURE 3.
Referring to FIGURE 3, a stop 46 is rigidly attached to an interior surface 47 of closure' 32. Referring to FIGURE 4, stop 46 is " T" shaped with a radial portion 48 and a longitudinal portion 50. Longitudinal portion 50 of "T" shaped stop 46 has a length that is greater than a height of opening 70 of container 20. Referring to FIGURE 3, an extent by which closure 32 can be moved to the open position is limited by longitudinal portion 50 of "T" shaped stop 46 engaging interior surface 68 of sidewalls 64 surrounding opening 70 of container 20.
Referring to FIGURES 4 and 5, container 20 is precluded from inadvertent removal from cavities 53 of tubular body 12 by a disk form spacer member 90. Spacer disk 90 is secured in position by a screw 92 which extends through sidewall 13 of tubular housing 12. Each spacer disk 90 has a circular body 93 with a top face 94, a bottom face 96, a first side 98 and a second side 100. A diameter of circular body 93 fits closely within diameter of interior surface 52 of sidewalls 13 of tubular body 12. Referring to FIGURE 5, a cavity 102 at first side 98 of circular body 93 is threaded to matingly receive screw 92. A semicircular wall member 104 of spacer member 90 depends from perimeter surface 106 at second side 100 of circular body 93. Referring to FIGURE 4, when spacer member 90 is secured in place above container 20, container 20 is secured between bottom face 96 oi= spacer member 90 and second end 86 of sleeve 82 below said container 20. Container 20 is constrained from moving laterally through opening 80 in sidewalls 13 and thereby being inadvertently removed from tubular body 12 by engagement of sidewall 64 at top 60 of container 20 with wall member 104 of spacer member 90.
Referring to FIGURE 2, upon rotation of tubular body 12 a clockwise direction, as indicated by curved arrow 42, second edge 36 of closure 32 engages a borehole (not shown) created by earth boring tip 24 to move closure 32 to the closed position. In the illustrated embodiment, the clockwise direction indicated by curved <~rrow 42 would be the same direction of rotation of tubular body 12 as is required for use of earth boring tip 24, illustrated in FIGURE l, to drill a borehole. Referring to FIGURIs 3, upon rotation in the counterclockwise directions, as indicated by curved arrow 44, second edge 36 of closure 32 engages the borehole to move closure 32 to the open position anal scrape cuttings (not shown) through opening 70 into interior 72 of container 20.
A method of taking soil samples will now be described with reference to FIGURES 1 through 5, using soil sampling drill 10.
Tubular body 12 is rotated in the clockwise direction so that earth boring tip 24 drills a borehole. As the borehole is being drilled, second edge 36 of closure 32 engages the borehole created by earth boring tip 24 and moves closure 32 to the closed position, illustrated in FIGURE 2, thereby precluding soil cuttings from entering soil sampling containers 20. When the borehole has been drilled to a selected depth, in tubular body 12 is rotated in the counterclockwise directions. As tubular body 7_2 rotates counterclockwise, second edge 36 of closure 32 engages the borehole to move closure 32 to the open position, as illustrated in FIGURE 3.
Cuttings are scraped into interior 72 of containers 20. Each compartment 20 is at a different depth below the surface and therefore receiving a different sample of the earth being scraped. Tubular body 12 is then rotated in the clockwise directions, thereby again moving closure 32 to the closed position illustrated in FIGURE ~:. While tubular body 12 is rotated in the counterclockwise directions, tubular body 12 is withdrawn from the borehole. Once soil sampling drill 10 is back at surface, screws 92 are unscrewed from spacing members 90 and spacing members 90 are withdrawn from tubular body 12.
Containers 20 containing the samples of soil collected during the above operations are removed to recover said soil samples.
If another borehole must be drilled to take further samples, this is done using uncontaminated containers 20.
It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that instead of removable containers 20, permanent compartments could be built into tubular body 12. This would not be as convenient to clean after use, but would be a workable embodiment in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
It will also be apparent to one :killed in the art that other modifications may be made to the illustrated embodiment without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter defined in the Claims.
A Method Of Taking Soil Samples And A Soil Sampling Apparatus NAMES) OF INVENTOR(S):
Robert Dale French Neil Russell Jackson FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of taking soil samples and a soil sampling apparatus.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
There are many applications in which soil samples must be taken at varying depths. One example of such an application, is where soil samples are taken to determine the suitability of a property as a building site.. Another example of such an application, is where soil samples are taken to check for environmental contamination of a site.
Earth boring drills with hel_Lcal external flights are used to avoid making a major excavation when taking subsurface soil samples. As the earth boring drill bores a hole, soil cuttings are carried to surface by the helical flights.
Unfortunately, a certain amount of mixing of the soil cuttings unavoidably occurs as the soil cuttings are carried up the helical flights. It is, therefore, impossible to tell with precision the start and end of soil stratum.
What is required is a more accurate method of taking soil samples and a soil sampling app;~ratus that will enable more accurate taking of soil samples in accordance with the teachings of the method.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a soil sampling apparai~us which includes a tubular body having a longitudinal axis, a first end and second end.
A coupling is provided at the first end of the tubular body by means of which the tubular body is rotated in one of a clockwise and a counterclockwise direction about the longitudinal axis. Several soil sampling compartments are provided in the tubular body spaced at intervals axially along the tubular body between the first end and the second end.
Each of the sampling compartments has a closure with an open position and a closed position. Each closure has a first edge and a second edge, with a hinge positioned along the first edge pivotally mounting each closure for movement about a secondary axis parallel to the longitudinal axis. The second edge of each closure protrudes tangentially past the tubular body.
Upon rotation in one of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions the second edge of the closure engages a borehole to move the closure to the closed position. Upon rotation in another of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions the second edge of the closure engages the borehole to move the closure to the open position and scrape cuttings into the compartment.
Although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the soil sampling apparatus, as described above, in order to use the apparatus a bore:hole would have to be drilled by a separate drill. Even more beneficial results may, therefore, be obtained when an earth boring tip is positioned at the second end of the tubular body. This enables the soil sampling apparatus to function as a drill. The tubular body does not have helical flights, however. Cuttings are not carried to surface, they are merely compressed into the sidewalls of the borehole.
Although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the soil sampling apparatus, as described above, it is sometimes difficult to remove and clean soil cuttings from the compartments in preparation for t:he next soil sampling. Even more beneficial results may, therefore, be obtained when containers are detachably secured in each of the sampling compartments. This enables soil to be gathered in containers, that are then removed after sampling is completed. Once removed, clean and uncontaminated containers can be used for the next soil sampling. The full containers can then be emptied and cleaned at the users convenience. The removal of the containers makes them more a~~cessible for cleaning.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of taking soil samples. A soil sampling apparatus is provided substantially as described above. The tubular body is rotated in one' of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions during entry into the borehole to cause the second edge of the closure to engage a borehole created by the earth boring tip to move the closure to the closed position, thereby precluding soil cuttings from entering the soil sampling compartments. The tubular body is then rotated in another of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions while sampling to cause the second edge of the closure to engage the borehole to move the closure to the open position and scrape cuttings into the compartment. The tubular body is then rotated in one of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions while withdrawing the tubular body from the borehole to cause the second edge of the closure to engage the borehole to move the closure to the closed position.
It will be appreciated that with the method, as described above, the drilling operation and the sampling operations of the apparatus are isolated. When the apparatus is rotating in a first direction, it is in a drilling mode. In the drilling mode, the closure of the sampling compartment is pushed to a closed position precluding the entry of soil cuttings. Once a borehole has been drilled, the apparatus is rotated in a second direction, to assume a sampling mode. In the sampling mode, the closure of the sampling compartment is forced into an open position and soil is scraped into the sampling compartment. The apparatus is again rotated in the first direction as the apparatus is withdrawn from the borehole to move the closure to the closed position and avoid contamination of the samples.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
These and other features of t:he invention will become more apparent from the following desc~__~iption in which reference is made to the appended drawings, wherein:
FIGURE 1 is a side elevation view of a soil sampling apparatus constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
FIGURE 2 is a top plan view of the soil sampling apparatus illustrated in FIGURE 1 being rotated in a clockwise direction.
FIGURE 3 is a top plan view of the soil sampling apparatus illustrated in FIGURE 1 being rotated in a counterclockwise direction.
FIGURE 4 is a detailed side elevation view, in section, of a container positioned in a sampling compartment of the soil sampling apparatus illustrated in FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 5 is an exploded perspective view of removal of the container illustrated in FIGLTRE 4, from the sampling compartment of the soil sampling apparatus illustrated in FIGURE 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The preferred embodiment, a soil sampling drill generally identified by reference numeral 10, will now be described with reference to FIGURES 1 through 5.
Referring to FIGURE l, soil sampling drill 10 includes a tubular body 12 having sidewalls 13, a longitudinal axis indicated by dashed lines 14, a first end 16 and a second end 18. Several soil sampling compartments are provided in the form of containers 20 that are rem.ovably secured within tubular body 12 at spaced intervals axially along tubular body 12 between first end 16 and second end 18. Tubular body 12 is rotated in one of a clockwise anal counterclockwise direction about longitudinal axis 14 by me<~ns of a coupling 22 at first end 16 of tubular body 12. An earth boring tip 24 is detachably secured by means of a nut 26 and a bolt 28 at second end 18 of tubular body 12. Referring to FIGURE 5, sidewalls 5 13 of tubular body 12 have an ini~erior surface 52 defining an and an exterior surface 54. Containers 20 are inserted through an opening 80 in sidewalls 13 into cavities 53 in tubular body 12. Sleeves 82 are rigidly secured to interior surface 52 of sidewalls 13 above and below opening 80. Each sleeve 82 has a first end 84 and a second end 86. Each container 20 has a bottom 62 and peripheral sidewalls 64. Peripheral sidewalls 64 have an outer surface 66 and an inside surface 68 that defines an interior 72. When container 20 is inserted through opening 80 into one of cavities 53, bottom 62 of container 20 adjacent peripheral sidewalls 69: is supported from below by second end 86 of a sleeve 82. Referring to FIGURES 2 through 4, an arcuate opening 70 extends through sidewall 64 of container 20 providing access to interior 72. Each arcuate opening 70 of container 20 has an arcuate closure 32 having a first edge 34 and a second edge 36. A hinge pin 38 is positioned along first edge 34 thereby pivotally mounting closure 32 to container 20 for movement about a secondary axis defined by hinge pin 38 parall~=_1 to longitudinal axis 14.
Referring to FIGURE 2, second edge 36 of each closure 32 protrudes tangentially past sidewalls 13 of tubular body 12.
Closure 32 has a closed position, illustrated in FIGURE 2, in which closure 32 completely covers arcuate opening 70 to preclude entry of soil into interior 72 of container 20; and an open position, illustrated in FIGURE 3.
Referring to FIGURE 3, a stop 46 is rigidly attached to an interior surface 47 of closure' 32. Referring to FIGURE 4, stop 46 is " T" shaped with a radial portion 48 and a longitudinal portion 50. Longitudinal portion 50 of "T" shaped stop 46 has a length that is greater than a height of opening 70 of container 20. Referring to FIGURE 3, an extent by which closure 32 can be moved to the open position is limited by longitudinal portion 50 of "T" shaped stop 46 engaging interior surface 68 of sidewalls 64 surrounding opening 70 of container 20.
Referring to FIGURES 4 and 5, container 20 is precluded from inadvertent removal from cavities 53 of tubular body 12 by a disk form spacer member 90. Spacer disk 90 is secured in position by a screw 92 which extends through sidewall 13 of tubular housing 12. Each spacer disk 90 has a circular body 93 with a top face 94, a bottom face 96, a first side 98 and a second side 100. A diameter of circular body 93 fits closely within diameter of interior surface 52 of sidewalls 13 of tubular body 12. Referring to FIGURE 5, a cavity 102 at first side 98 of circular body 93 is threaded to matingly receive screw 92. A semicircular wall member 104 of spacer member 90 depends from perimeter surface 106 at second side 100 of circular body 93. Referring to FIGURE 4, when spacer member 90 is secured in place above container 20, container 20 is secured between bottom face 96 oi= spacer member 90 and second end 86 of sleeve 82 below said container 20. Container 20 is constrained from moving laterally through opening 80 in sidewalls 13 and thereby being inadvertently removed from tubular body 12 by engagement of sidewall 64 at top 60 of container 20 with wall member 104 of spacer member 90.
Referring to FIGURE 2, upon rotation of tubular body 12 a clockwise direction, as indicated by curved arrow 42, second edge 36 of closure 32 engages a borehole (not shown) created by earth boring tip 24 to move closure 32 to the closed position. In the illustrated embodiment, the clockwise direction indicated by curved <~rrow 42 would be the same direction of rotation of tubular body 12 as is required for use of earth boring tip 24, illustrated in FIGURE l, to drill a borehole. Referring to FIGURIs 3, upon rotation in the counterclockwise directions, as indicated by curved arrow 44, second edge 36 of closure 32 engages the borehole to move closure 32 to the open position anal scrape cuttings (not shown) through opening 70 into interior 72 of container 20.
A method of taking soil samples will now be described with reference to FIGURES 1 through 5, using soil sampling drill 10.
Tubular body 12 is rotated in the clockwise direction so that earth boring tip 24 drills a borehole. As the borehole is being drilled, second edge 36 of closure 32 engages the borehole created by earth boring tip 24 and moves closure 32 to the closed position, illustrated in FIGURE 2, thereby precluding soil cuttings from entering soil sampling containers 20. When the borehole has been drilled to a selected depth, in tubular body 12 is rotated in the counterclockwise directions. As tubular body 7_2 rotates counterclockwise, second edge 36 of closure 32 engages the borehole to move closure 32 to the open position, as illustrated in FIGURE 3.
Cuttings are scraped into interior 72 of containers 20. Each compartment 20 is at a different depth below the surface and therefore receiving a different sample of the earth being scraped. Tubular body 12 is then rotated in the clockwise directions, thereby again moving closure 32 to the closed position illustrated in FIGURE ~:. While tubular body 12 is rotated in the counterclockwise directions, tubular body 12 is withdrawn from the borehole. Once soil sampling drill 10 is back at surface, screws 92 are unscrewed from spacing members 90 and spacing members 90 are withdrawn from tubular body 12.
Containers 20 containing the samples of soil collected during the above operations are removed to recover said soil samples.
If another borehole must be drilled to take further samples, this is done using uncontaminated containers 20.
It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that instead of removable containers 20, permanent compartments could be built into tubular body 12. This would not be as convenient to clean after use, but would be a workable embodiment in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
It will also be apparent to one :killed in the art that other modifications may be made to the illustrated embodiment without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter defined in the Claims.
Claims (10)
1. A soil sampling apparatus, comprising:
a tubular body having a longitudinal axis, a first end and a second end;
a coupling at the first end of the tubular body by means of which the tubular body is rotated in one of a clockwise and a counterclockwise direction about the longitudinal axis;
several soil sampling compartments in the tubular body spaced at intervals axially along the tubular body between the first end and the second end;
each of the sampling compartments having a closure with an open position and a closed position, each closure having a first edge and a second edge with a hinge positioned along the first edge pivotally mounting each closure for movement about a secondary axis parallel to the longitudinal axis, the second edge of each closure protruding tangentially past the tubular body, such that upon rotation in one of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions the second edge of the closure engages a borehole to move the closure to the closed position and upon rotation in another of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions the second edge of the closure engages the borehole to move the closure to the open position and scrape cuttings into the compartment.
a tubular body having a longitudinal axis, a first end and a second end;
a coupling at the first end of the tubular body by means of which the tubular body is rotated in one of a clockwise and a counterclockwise direction about the longitudinal axis;
several soil sampling compartments in the tubular body spaced at intervals axially along the tubular body between the first end and the second end;
each of the sampling compartments having a closure with an open position and a closed position, each closure having a first edge and a second edge with a hinge positioned along the first edge pivotally mounting each closure for movement about a secondary axis parallel to the longitudinal axis, the second edge of each closure protruding tangentially past the tubular body, such that upon rotation in one of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions the second edge of the closure engages a borehole to move the closure to the closed position and upon rotation in another of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions the second edge of the closure engages the borehole to move the closure to the open position and scrape cuttings into the compartment.
2. The soil sampling apparatus as defined in Claim 1, wherein an earth boring tip is positioned at the second end of the tubular body.
3. The soil sampling apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the soil sampling compartments are in the form of removable containers.
4. The soil sampling apparatus as defined in Claim 3, wherein the closures are pivotally secured to the containers.
5. The soil sampling apparatus as defined in Claim 3, wherein the containers are held in position by spacer members.
6. The soil sampling apparatus as defined in Claim 5, wherein the spacer members are disks.
7. The soil sampling apparatus as defined in Claim 6, wherein the spacer members are secured in place by screws which extend through the tubular housing.
8. A soil sampling drill, comprising:
a tubular body having a longitudinal axis, a first end and second end, several soil sampling compartments in the tubular body spaced at intervals axially along the tubular body between the first end and the second end;
a coupling at the first end of the tubular body by means of which the tubular body is rotated in one of a clockwise and counterclockwise direction about the longitudinal axis;
an earth boring tip at the second end of the tubular body;
the sampling compartments being in the form of containers detachably secured within cavities in the tubular housing, each of the containers having a closure with an open position and a closed position, each closure having a first edge and a second edge with a hinge positioned along the first edge pivotally mounting each closure to the container for movement about a secondary axis parallel to the longitudinal axis, the second edge of each closure protruding tangentially past the tubular body, such that upon rotation in one of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions the second edge of the closure engages a borehole created by the earth boring tip to move the closure to the closed position and upon rotation in another of the clockwise and they counterclockwise directions the second edge of the closure engages the borehole to move the closure to the open position and scrape cuttings into the container.
a tubular body having a longitudinal axis, a first end and second end, several soil sampling compartments in the tubular body spaced at intervals axially along the tubular body between the first end and the second end;
a coupling at the first end of the tubular body by means of which the tubular body is rotated in one of a clockwise and counterclockwise direction about the longitudinal axis;
an earth boring tip at the second end of the tubular body;
the sampling compartments being in the form of containers detachably secured within cavities in the tubular housing, each of the containers having a closure with an open position and a closed position, each closure having a first edge and a second edge with a hinge positioned along the first edge pivotally mounting each closure to the container for movement about a secondary axis parallel to the longitudinal axis, the second edge of each closure protruding tangentially past the tubular body, such that upon rotation in one of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions the second edge of the closure engages a borehole created by the earth boring tip to move the closure to the closed position and upon rotation in another of the clockwise and they counterclockwise directions the second edge of the closure engages the borehole to move the closure to the open position and scrape cuttings into the container.
9. The soil sampling drill as defined in Claim 7, wherein the containers are smaller than the cavities in the tubular body, the containers being precluded from removal from the cavities by disk form spacer members which are secured in position by screws which extend through the tubular housing.
10. A method of taking soil samples, comprising the steps of:
providing a soil sampling drill, including:
a tubular body having a longitudinal axis, a first end and second end;
a coupling at the first end of the tubular body by means of which the tubular body is rotated in one of a clockwise and counterclockwise direction about the longitudinal axis;
an earth boring tip at the second end of the tubular body;
several soil sampling compartments in the tubular body spaced at intervals axially along the tubular body between the first end and the second end;
each of the sampling compartments having a closure with an open position and a closed position, each closure having a first edge and a second edge with a hinge positioned along the first edge pivotally mounting each closure for movement about a secondary axis parallel to the longitudinal axis, the second edge of each closure protruding tangentially past the tubular body;
rotating the tubular body in one of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions while drilling to cause the second edge of the closure to engage a borehole created by the earth boring tip to move the closure to the closed position, thereby precluding soil cuttings from entering the soil sampling compartments;
rotating the tubular body in another of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions while sampling to cause the second edge of the closure to engage the borehole to move the closure to the open position and scrape cuttings into the compartment; and rotating the tubular body in one of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions while withdrawing the tubular body form the borehole to cause the second edge of the closure to engage the borehole to move the closure to the closed position.
providing a soil sampling drill, including:
a tubular body having a longitudinal axis, a first end and second end;
a coupling at the first end of the tubular body by means of which the tubular body is rotated in one of a clockwise and counterclockwise direction about the longitudinal axis;
an earth boring tip at the second end of the tubular body;
several soil sampling compartments in the tubular body spaced at intervals axially along the tubular body between the first end and the second end;
each of the sampling compartments having a closure with an open position and a closed position, each closure having a first edge and a second edge with a hinge positioned along the first edge pivotally mounting each closure for movement about a secondary axis parallel to the longitudinal axis, the second edge of each closure protruding tangentially past the tubular body;
rotating the tubular body in one of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions while drilling to cause the second edge of the closure to engage a borehole created by the earth boring tip to move the closure to the closed position, thereby precluding soil cuttings from entering the soil sampling compartments;
rotating the tubular body in another of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions while sampling to cause the second edge of the closure to engage the borehole to move the closure to the open position and scrape cuttings into the compartment; and rotating the tubular body in one of the clockwise and the counterclockwise directions while withdrawing the tubular body form the borehole to cause the second edge of the closure to engage the borehole to move the closure to the closed position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2272476 CA2272476A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 1999-05-20 | A method of taking soil samples and a soil sampling apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2272476 CA2272476A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 1999-05-20 | A method of taking soil samples and a soil sampling apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2272476A1 true CA2272476A1 (en) | 2000-11-20 |
Family
ID=29589028
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2272476 Abandoned CA2272476A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 1999-05-20 | A method of taking soil samples and a soil sampling apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2272476A1 (en) |
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