CA1172025A - Absorbent material - Google Patents
Absorbent materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA1172025A CA1172025A CA000388815A CA388815A CA1172025A CA 1172025 A CA1172025 A CA 1172025A CA 000388815 A CA000388815 A CA 000388815A CA 388815 A CA388815 A CA 388815A CA 1172025 A CA1172025 A CA 1172025A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- product
- water
- weight ratio
- paris
- plaster
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 55
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 such as Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000272476 Gyps Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011538 cleaning material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000286 fullers earth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011012 sanitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0154—Litter comprising inorganic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/32—Materials not provided for elsewhere for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An absorbent material suitable for a wide variety of uses and having the ability to absorb, selectively, water, animal waste, oil, grease and chemicals is based on ground paper.
Plaster of Paris is usually present along with one or a combination of other components, dependent on the end use of the product. The product may be provided in a fibrous form or in a granular form. The granular form of the product is produced by dry mixing the components and granulating the dry mixture using droplets of water.
An absorbent material suitable for a wide variety of uses and having the ability to absorb, selectively, water, animal waste, oil, grease and chemicals is based on ground paper.
Plaster of Paris is usually present along with one or a combination of other components, dependent on the end use of the product. The product may be provided in a fibrous form or in a granular form. The granular form of the product is produced by dry mixing the components and granulating the dry mixture using droplets of water.
Description
~ ~7Z~'ZS
TITLE OF INVENTION
ABSORBENT MATERIAL
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to absorbent materials, particularly to absorbent materials which are based on ground paper.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Absorbent materials ingranular form are used for a variety of industrial and household purposes. Typical uses include the absorption of oil, grease and chemicals on floors and elsewhere, in animal toilet applications as a cat box absorbent, as carriers for chemicals, such as, pesticides and herbicides, in various agricultural and horticultural application, and as ground cover.
Such materials have heretofore almost exclusively consisted of absorbent clay granules, such as Fullers earth, although more recently it has been suggested in U.S. Patent No. 4,163,674 to utilize gypsum, in the form of Plaster of Paris, as a base for granular absorbent materials~ The product is formed in this prior art patent by forming a paste or slurry of the gypsum, which may also contain addi-tives, such as finely divided paper, setting and hardening, and then grinding and crushing the dried material to granular form.
The granular product produced by this procedure consists mainly of gypsum and may contain only up to 20% by weight of the gypsum of o~her additives. The formation of a paste or slurry of the gyps~ll is essential in this prior art procedure, so that considerable energy is required to dry the product.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a granular and/or fibrous absorbent material which is based on ground paper and which optionally may contain Plaster of Paris and/or other fillers and additives. The ratio of components in the composition depend on the end use desired for the product, which may include any of those end uses for which granular absorbent materials have tra-ditionally been used.
7Z~5 The product of the invention in its granular form is produced by a unique procedure wherein a dry mix of the components of the product is initially formed and then is granulated by contact with droplets of water. The resulting product may be used as such or may be dried to a lesser moisture content, depending on the desired end use.
The product which is provided by this invention is highly absorbent, typically possessing about 3 to 4 times the absorbency of conventional clay products on a volume basis. The product is obtained using relatively inexpensive materials with little or no waste and with a much decreased energy consumption, when compared with the product of U.S. Patent No. 4,163,674. The product is bio-degradable and utilizes a renewable resource.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
As mentioned previously, the present invention essentially requires the use of ground paper material.
Any available source of paper may be used to form the ground paper, for example, newsprint, cardboard, clay-loaded paper and office stationary. The ground paper may be provided into its particulate fibrous form from waste material or from unused paper material and usually has a particle size from about 3 mm to about 20 mm.
The utilization of other optional components with the ground paper depends on the intended use of the end product. One optional component is Plaster of Paris, i.e., the chemical having the forluia CaSO4 ~H2O. Other optional components include, sand, f~rtilizer, colourants, oil, deodorizers, and detergents.
The various components in their chosen relative proportions are dry-mixed to a homogeneous consistency by any convenient dry mixing technique, for example, utili-zing a ribbon or screw type mixer. The relative proportions of the various components depend on the intended end use 35 of the products. The weight ratio of the components ground paper: Plaster of Paris: other components usually is in the range of 1:0:0 to 1:2:1. For example, for the forma-tion of a product useful as a cat box absorbent, a typical 117Z~25 weight ratio is 1:0.2:trace (with the other component taking the form of commercially-available deodorant materials).
The dry mixed material may be oil treated to provide a product which absorbs oil selectively and rejects water.
In this product, the ground paper is in fibrous form. A
detergent may also be incorporated into this product in varying proportions. Greater quantities of detergent render the mixture more water-soluble. Greater quantities of oil render the mixture more oil selective.
The dry mixed material, when not oil treated, is contacted with discrete droplets of water, which may also contain a small amount of wetting agents, if desired, at a controlled rate of application. The water droplets usually have a diameter in the range of about 0.1 to about 15 5 mm and preferably about l to 2 mm. The application of the water droplets causes the formation of granular particles from the dry mixed material.
Usually water is used in a weight ratio to dry mixed material in the range of about 0.5:1 to about 2:1.
20;Below the weight ratio of 0.5:1, a large percentage of fluffy dry material remains which must be recycled while, above the the weight ratio of 2:1, additional water is wasteful, increases the evaporative load and often leads to loss of integrity of the granules. Preferably, the 25 weight ratio of water to dry mixed material is about 1.0:1.
The degree of mixing which is applied to the damp granules which result from the water application step deter-mines the density and shape of the particles which are formed. Shorter periods of mixing form lower density plate-30 like particles, while longer periods of mixing form moredense and sphere-like particles. The density and shape of product which is formed depends largely on the desired end use of the product.
The density of product which is produced also 35 is dependent to some extent on the size of droplet in the water spray, smaller droplets tending to form lighter pro-ducts while larger droplets tending to form heavier products.
The density of product produced in all cases is 11..7;~ ZS
significantly lighter than clay absorbents, the actual density varying depending on the intended end use of the product.
Usually, the density varies from about 2 to about 20 lb/cu.ft., products at the lower end of the density scale being useful as thermal insulation products while products at the higher end of the density scale are useful as floor cleaning materials. Products of intermediate to higher density, such as about 10 to 20 lb/cu.ft. are useful as animal box absorbents.
The damp granular material resuIting from the water treatment step may be bagged as such for use as a garden mulch or as a general ground cover. Alternatively, the damp granular material may be dried to a lower moisture level, usually below about 20% by weight and typically about 10 to about 15 wt.~. The drying operation may be commenced immediately following completion of the mixing step, or may be deferred to permit Plaster of Paris, if present, to be fuIly or partially hydrated. Fully hydrated Plaster of Paris (i.e., CaSO4.2H2O) is often preferred when the granular product is to be used for oil absorption from shop floors and the like while partially hydrated Plaster of Paris is often preferred when the granular product is to be used in cat or other animal boxes, since it possesses sanitizing properties in this form.
The dried granular material is classified, such as by sieving or by using an air flow separator, to provide granuIes of a ,ize range desired for the intended end use of the product. Fines usually are recycled to the dry mixing step while coarse particles maybe crushed to the particle size desired for end use or the crushed material may be recycled to the dry mixing step. The fines also may be used as filler material in celluIosic insulation.
The essential use of ground paper in the product of this invention provides a high absorbency of a variety 35 of liquid materials, typically about 3 to 4 times the absor-bency (as determined by volume pick-up) of clay materials.
At the same time, this substantially increased absorbency is attained at densities which are considerably less (typic-ally about l/3rd) than those of clay products. The products 117'~ 5 of the invention maintain a satisfactory granuIar form in use and do not tend to powder, create dust or otherwise degrade.
One particularly useful application of the product of the invention is an absorbent in animal boxes. The product has a lowPr density and greater absorbency than existing clay products, and is readily disposed of when used, in that the product is capable of ready passage through existing sewer lines of homes and municipalities and is biodegradable.
As will be seen from the above description of the invention, the procedure for formation of granular material does not involve the formation of a slurry in water and only minimal drying since granules are formed 15 directly in the water application step. This procedure contrasts with that of U.S. Patent No. 4,163,674. In addition, the present invention essentially requires the presence of ground paper, in all cases greater than about 25% by weight of the final product (on a dry weight basis). In 20:contrast, in the product of U.S. Patent No. 4,163,674, ground paper is an optional component which is never present in more than 20% by weight of the product (on a dry weight basis).
EXAMPLES
Samples of granular product were formed utilizing varying proportions of ground clay paper (i.e., magazine stock), Pl.ster of Paris and water. The ground clay paper of 6 mm mesh size was dry mixed with Plaster of Paris in a conventional mortar mixer for one minute to form an intim-ate admixture of the components.
Water droplets of 1 mm size were sprayed onto the mixture over a period of two minutes to form granuIes.
Mixing was continued for a further two minutes to form substantially spherical granules. The granuIes were dried to a moisture content of about 15 wt.% by heating in a stream of hot air at a temperature of about 60C for about 100 minutes.
~ ~ 7;~025 The components of the products which were prepared are set forth in the follcwing Table I:
TABLE I
Product Components No.Clay Paper Plaster Water of Paris (oz )
TITLE OF INVENTION
ABSORBENT MATERIAL
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to absorbent materials, particularly to absorbent materials which are based on ground paper.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Absorbent materials ingranular form are used for a variety of industrial and household purposes. Typical uses include the absorption of oil, grease and chemicals on floors and elsewhere, in animal toilet applications as a cat box absorbent, as carriers for chemicals, such as, pesticides and herbicides, in various agricultural and horticultural application, and as ground cover.
Such materials have heretofore almost exclusively consisted of absorbent clay granules, such as Fullers earth, although more recently it has been suggested in U.S. Patent No. 4,163,674 to utilize gypsum, in the form of Plaster of Paris, as a base for granular absorbent materials~ The product is formed in this prior art patent by forming a paste or slurry of the gypsum, which may also contain addi-tives, such as finely divided paper, setting and hardening, and then grinding and crushing the dried material to granular form.
The granular product produced by this procedure consists mainly of gypsum and may contain only up to 20% by weight of the gypsum of o~her additives. The formation of a paste or slurry of the gyps~ll is essential in this prior art procedure, so that considerable energy is required to dry the product.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a granular and/or fibrous absorbent material which is based on ground paper and which optionally may contain Plaster of Paris and/or other fillers and additives. The ratio of components in the composition depend on the end use desired for the product, which may include any of those end uses for which granular absorbent materials have tra-ditionally been used.
7Z~5 The product of the invention in its granular form is produced by a unique procedure wherein a dry mix of the components of the product is initially formed and then is granulated by contact with droplets of water. The resulting product may be used as such or may be dried to a lesser moisture content, depending on the desired end use.
The product which is provided by this invention is highly absorbent, typically possessing about 3 to 4 times the absorbency of conventional clay products on a volume basis. The product is obtained using relatively inexpensive materials with little or no waste and with a much decreased energy consumption, when compared with the product of U.S. Patent No. 4,163,674. The product is bio-degradable and utilizes a renewable resource.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
As mentioned previously, the present invention essentially requires the use of ground paper material.
Any available source of paper may be used to form the ground paper, for example, newsprint, cardboard, clay-loaded paper and office stationary. The ground paper may be provided into its particulate fibrous form from waste material or from unused paper material and usually has a particle size from about 3 mm to about 20 mm.
The utilization of other optional components with the ground paper depends on the intended use of the end product. One optional component is Plaster of Paris, i.e., the chemical having the forluia CaSO4 ~H2O. Other optional components include, sand, f~rtilizer, colourants, oil, deodorizers, and detergents.
The various components in their chosen relative proportions are dry-mixed to a homogeneous consistency by any convenient dry mixing technique, for example, utili-zing a ribbon or screw type mixer. The relative proportions of the various components depend on the intended end use 35 of the products. The weight ratio of the components ground paper: Plaster of Paris: other components usually is in the range of 1:0:0 to 1:2:1. For example, for the forma-tion of a product useful as a cat box absorbent, a typical 117Z~25 weight ratio is 1:0.2:trace (with the other component taking the form of commercially-available deodorant materials).
The dry mixed material may be oil treated to provide a product which absorbs oil selectively and rejects water.
In this product, the ground paper is in fibrous form. A
detergent may also be incorporated into this product in varying proportions. Greater quantities of detergent render the mixture more water-soluble. Greater quantities of oil render the mixture more oil selective.
The dry mixed material, when not oil treated, is contacted with discrete droplets of water, which may also contain a small amount of wetting agents, if desired, at a controlled rate of application. The water droplets usually have a diameter in the range of about 0.1 to about 15 5 mm and preferably about l to 2 mm. The application of the water droplets causes the formation of granular particles from the dry mixed material.
Usually water is used in a weight ratio to dry mixed material in the range of about 0.5:1 to about 2:1.
20;Below the weight ratio of 0.5:1, a large percentage of fluffy dry material remains which must be recycled while, above the the weight ratio of 2:1, additional water is wasteful, increases the evaporative load and often leads to loss of integrity of the granules. Preferably, the 25 weight ratio of water to dry mixed material is about 1.0:1.
The degree of mixing which is applied to the damp granules which result from the water application step deter-mines the density and shape of the particles which are formed. Shorter periods of mixing form lower density plate-30 like particles, while longer periods of mixing form moredense and sphere-like particles. The density and shape of product which is formed depends largely on the desired end use of the product.
The density of product which is produced also 35 is dependent to some extent on the size of droplet in the water spray, smaller droplets tending to form lighter pro-ducts while larger droplets tending to form heavier products.
The density of product produced in all cases is 11..7;~ ZS
significantly lighter than clay absorbents, the actual density varying depending on the intended end use of the product.
Usually, the density varies from about 2 to about 20 lb/cu.ft., products at the lower end of the density scale being useful as thermal insulation products while products at the higher end of the density scale are useful as floor cleaning materials. Products of intermediate to higher density, such as about 10 to 20 lb/cu.ft. are useful as animal box absorbents.
The damp granular material resuIting from the water treatment step may be bagged as such for use as a garden mulch or as a general ground cover. Alternatively, the damp granular material may be dried to a lower moisture level, usually below about 20% by weight and typically about 10 to about 15 wt.~. The drying operation may be commenced immediately following completion of the mixing step, or may be deferred to permit Plaster of Paris, if present, to be fuIly or partially hydrated. Fully hydrated Plaster of Paris (i.e., CaSO4.2H2O) is often preferred when the granular product is to be used for oil absorption from shop floors and the like while partially hydrated Plaster of Paris is often preferred when the granular product is to be used in cat or other animal boxes, since it possesses sanitizing properties in this form.
The dried granular material is classified, such as by sieving or by using an air flow separator, to provide granuIes of a ,ize range desired for the intended end use of the product. Fines usually are recycled to the dry mixing step while coarse particles maybe crushed to the particle size desired for end use or the crushed material may be recycled to the dry mixing step. The fines also may be used as filler material in celluIosic insulation.
The essential use of ground paper in the product of this invention provides a high absorbency of a variety 35 of liquid materials, typically about 3 to 4 times the absor-bency (as determined by volume pick-up) of clay materials.
At the same time, this substantially increased absorbency is attained at densities which are considerably less (typic-ally about l/3rd) than those of clay products. The products 117'~ 5 of the invention maintain a satisfactory granuIar form in use and do not tend to powder, create dust or otherwise degrade.
One particularly useful application of the product of the invention is an absorbent in animal boxes. The product has a lowPr density and greater absorbency than existing clay products, and is readily disposed of when used, in that the product is capable of ready passage through existing sewer lines of homes and municipalities and is biodegradable.
As will be seen from the above description of the invention, the procedure for formation of granular material does not involve the formation of a slurry in water and only minimal drying since granules are formed 15 directly in the water application step. This procedure contrasts with that of U.S. Patent No. 4,163,674. In addition, the present invention essentially requires the presence of ground paper, in all cases greater than about 25% by weight of the final product (on a dry weight basis). In 20:contrast, in the product of U.S. Patent No. 4,163,674, ground paper is an optional component which is never present in more than 20% by weight of the product (on a dry weight basis).
EXAMPLES
Samples of granular product were formed utilizing varying proportions of ground clay paper (i.e., magazine stock), Pl.ster of Paris and water. The ground clay paper of 6 mm mesh size was dry mixed with Plaster of Paris in a conventional mortar mixer for one minute to form an intim-ate admixture of the components.
Water droplets of 1 mm size were sprayed onto the mixture over a period of two minutes to form granuIes.
Mixing was continued for a further two minutes to form substantially spherical granules. The granuIes were dried to a moisture content of about 15 wt.% by heating in a stream of hot air at a temperature of about 60C for about 100 minutes.
~ ~ 7;~025 The components of the products which were prepared are set forth in the follcwing Table I:
TABLE I
Product Components No.Clay Paper Plaster Water of Paris (oz )
2 10 1 17 10: 3 10 3 18 0 9*
*Note: The water included half a cup of detergent.
The products in each case were tested for density, 15 water absorbency and oil absorbency and compared`with the properties of proprietary clay product known as "Oil-Dri".
The resuIts of the wa~er absorbency tests are set forth in Table II while those for the oil absorbency tests are set forth in Table III:
TABLE II
Water Absorbency Tests Product Density Quantity Quantity Wt.Ratio of (lb/ft3) of of ~ter Product:Water Product Absorbed (Surface Damp ( OZ ) ~Z )Product) 1 10.6 5 10 2: 1 2 10.6 6 10 1.67:1
*Note: The water included half a cup of detergent.
The products in each case were tested for density, 15 water absorbency and oil absorbency and compared`with the properties of proprietary clay product known as "Oil-Dri".
The resuIts of the wa~er absorbency tests are set forth in Table II while those for the oil absorbency tests are set forth in Table III:
TABLE II
Water Absorbency Tests Product Density Quantity Quantity Wt.Ratio of (lb/ft3) of of ~ter Product:Water Product Absorbed (Surface Damp ( OZ ) ~Z )Product) 1 10.6 5 10 2: 1 2 10.6 6 10 1.67:1
3 12.2 5 8 1.6:1
4 12.6 8 13 1.6:1 30 Oil-Dri 32.416 8 0.5:1 TABLE III
Oil Absorbency Tests ProductDensity Quantity Quantity Wt.Ratio of (lb/ft3) Of of Oil Product:Oil Product Absorbed(Surface damp (OZ) (OZ)Product 1 10.6 8 10 1.25:1 2 10.6 8 9 1.12:1 3 12.2 8 8 1:1 4 12.6 8 8 1:1 Oil-Dri 32.416 4 0.25:1 ~1~7'Z~tZ5 It will be seen from the results set forth in Tables II and III that the product of the invention exhibits considerably greater water and oil absorbency than the clay-based product and further has a considerably lower
Oil Absorbency Tests ProductDensity Quantity Quantity Wt.Ratio of (lb/ft3) Of of Oil Product:Oil Product Absorbed(Surface damp (OZ) (OZ)Product 1 10.6 8 10 1.25:1 2 10.6 8 9 1.12:1 3 12.2 8 8 1:1 4 12.6 8 8 1:1 Oil-Dri 32.416 4 0.25:1 ~1~7'Z~tZ5 It will be seen from the results set forth in Tables II and III that the product of the invention exhibits considerably greater water and oil absorbency than the clay-based product and further has a considerably lower
5 density than the clay-based product.
SUMMARY OF DISCLOSURE
In summary of this disclosure, the present invention provides a novel granular and/or fibrous absorbent material having a wide variety of end uses and which is based on ground paper. Modifications are possible within the scope of this:invéntion.
SUMMARY OF DISCLOSURE
In summary of this disclosure, the present invention provides a novel granular and/or fibrous absorbent material having a wide variety of end uses and which is based on ground paper. Modifications are possible within the scope of this:invéntion.
Claims (10)
1. A granular absorbent material having a density of about 2 to about 20 lb/cu.ft., comprising ground paper, Plaster of Paris and at least one other component in the weight ratio of 1:0:0 to about 1:2:1 which has been granulated utilizing water droplets.
2. The product of claim 1 wherein said at least one other component is selected from the group consisting of sand, fertilizer, colorants, oil and deodorants.
3. The product of claim 1 having a moisture content of less than about 20 weight percent.
4. The product of claim 1 having a density of about 10 to 20 lb/cu.ft.
5. A granular absorbent material useful as an animal box absorbent, comprising ground paper, Plaster of Paris and deodorant in the weight ratio of 1:0:0 to 1:0.7:trace granulated with water droplets, having a moisture content of less than about 20 wt.% and having a density of about 10 to 13 lbs/cu.ft.
6. The product of claim 1 or 5 which is biodegrad-able.
7. An absorbent material comprising ground paper in fibrous form, Plaster of Paris and oil mixed in the weight ratio of 1:0:trace to 1:2:1.
8. A method for the manufacture of a granular light-weight absorbent material, which comprises dry mixing ground paper, Plaster of Paris and at least one additional compon-ent in the weight ratio of 1:0:0 to about 1:2:1 to form a homogeneous mixture, spray applying water droplets of diameter from about 0.1 to about 3 mm to the homogeneous mixture in a weight ratio of water to mixture of about 0.5:1 to about 2:1, mixing said water and mixture to form discrete particles, and drying the particles to a moisture content of less than about 20 wt.%.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein said water is utilized in a weight ratio of about 1.0 to 1.
10. The method of claim 8 or 9 wherein said water droplets have a diameter of about 1 to 2 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000388815A CA1172025A (en) | 1981-10-27 | 1981-10-27 | Absorbent material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000388815A CA1172025A (en) | 1981-10-27 | 1981-10-27 | Absorbent material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1172025A true CA1172025A (en) | 1984-08-07 |
Family
ID=4121268
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000388815A Expired CA1172025A (en) | 1981-10-27 | 1981-10-27 | Absorbent material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1172025A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0165820A2 (en) * | 1984-06-20 | 1985-12-27 | Martin Feed Mills Limited | Absorbent material and its production |
| CH672971A5 (en) * | 1987-01-15 | 1990-01-31 | Fritz Keller | Cat litter material - comprises granulate formed from shredded waste-paper bonded with plastic and/or natural prod. e.g. gum arabic |
| US5100600A (en) * | 1989-12-09 | 1992-03-31 | Fritz Keller | Method of making an absorbent paper-containing granulate |
-
1981
- 1981-10-27 CA CA000388815A patent/CA1172025A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0165820A2 (en) * | 1984-06-20 | 1985-12-27 | Martin Feed Mills Limited | Absorbent material and its production |
| EP0165820A3 (en) * | 1984-06-20 | 1987-02-04 | Martin Feed Mills Limited | Absorbent material and its production |
| CH672971A5 (en) * | 1987-01-15 | 1990-01-31 | Fritz Keller | Cat litter material - comprises granulate formed from shredded waste-paper bonded with plastic and/or natural prod. e.g. gum arabic |
| US5100600A (en) * | 1989-12-09 | 1992-03-31 | Fritz Keller | Method of making an absorbent paper-containing granulate |
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