Papers by Dr. Saleh Shahriar
Asian Profile, 2023
This paper analyzes the key factors affecting the Rohingya refugee crisis through the lens of the... more This paper analyzes the key factors affecting the Rohingya refugee crisis through the lens of the Chinese trillion-dollar project-the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). It sheds some new light on a plethora of questions: What are the geopolitical and economic factors that have a decisive influence on the Rohingya refugee crisis? Why does China support Myanmar's position on the Rohingya refugee crisis? To what extent does the Rohingya refugee crisis impact the BRI? To answer these questions, we collected the primary data from a field survey in the Rohingya camps under the southeastern border district of Cox's Bazar in Bangladesh, between February and July 2021, while several published documents has also been used as secondary data. The findings reveal that China has tremendous economic and geopolitical interests in the Rakhine state of Myanmar, and therefore, remain indifferent about the ethnic cleansing and killings of the Rohingya minorities in Rakhine. The Rohingya refugee crisis is critically examined from the perspectives of the BRI framework. The analysis reveals that China could come forward to the solution of the Rohingya crisis through mutual discussions and consultations with its neighboring and core countries. It is also important to protect the rights and lives of the Rohingya people in Myanmar by means of a legitimate power-sharing process. The international community have accordingly a constructive role to play in the crisis.
The purpose of this study is to explore the nature and role of the Youth Skill Development Loans
... more The purpose of this study is to explore the nature and role of the Youth Skill Development Loans
(YSDL) in the generation of livelihoods activities for the youth community of Bangladesh under the Women’s
Empowerment and Livelihood Development “Nuton Jibon”. The study is significant for a couple of reasons.
First, our literature review shows a dearth of research on the youth beneficiaries of the project. Second, there
is a ‘youth bulge’ in Bangladesh, a developing economy experiencing the demographic dividend. The default
issue in the YSDL is largely ignored. We have, therefore, examined the YSDL utilization status of 105 youths
by using the logit model. The results reveal that the size of the loan, due amount of payment and education are
significant factors to determine whether the youth would be a loan de
Purpose-This paper aims to derive the time-varying relative export competitiveness (REC) of the N... more Purpose-This paper aims to derive the time-varying relative export competitiveness (REC) of the Nigerian cocoa sector against Nigeria's share of world agricultural exports (REC_WA) and world merchandise exports (REC_WM) from 1995 to 2018. By concentrating on different factors such as demand and supply capacity, price factors and exchange rate, the authors examine the determinants of REC. Design/methodology/approach-The authors calculated three different REC indexes. The authors also developed the relative symmetric export competitiveness index for comparative advantage calculation and avoiding the possible bias. The determinants of REC for Nigerian cocoa were captured using the short-run regression (SRR) model. Findings-The study showed that Nigeria's cocoa exports are still competitive despite experiencing some declining stages. Based on the SRR model, higher per capita income had a positive effect on the REC, while higher domestic prices significantly reduced the REC of cocoa. Further, the African Growth Opportunity Act agreement adversely affected the REC of cocoa. Originality/value-This study provides a foundation for future research and enhances the literature on agricultural trade. This research makes a few contributions both from a scientific and a policy perspective. First, it is the first study on the REC analysis for the Nigerian cocoa industry. Second, a wide range of comparisons of REC among the world's largest cocoa exporters was provided following implications of the various economic policies and local policy strategies. Third, the latest 24-year data sets were covered.
This paper analyzes the key factors affecting the Rohingya refugee crisis through the lens of the... more This paper analyzes the key factors affecting the Rohingya refugee crisis through the lens of the Chinese trillion-dollar project-the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). It sheds some new light on a plethora of questions: What are the geopolitical and economic factors that have a decisive influence on the Rohingya refugee crisis? Why does China support Myanmar's position on the Rohingya refugee crisis? To what extent does the Rohingya refugee crisis impact the BRI? To answer these questions, we collected the primary data from a field survey in the Rohingya camps under the southeastern border district of Cox's Bazar in Bangladesh, between February and July 2021, while several published documents has also been used as secondary data. The findings reveal that China has tremendous economic and geopolitical interests in the Rakhine state of Myanmar, and therefore, remain indifferent about the ethnic cleansing and killings of the Rohingya minorities in Rakhine. The Rohingya refugee crisis is critically examined from the perspectives of the BRI framework. The analysis reveals that China could come forward to the solution of the Rohingya crisis through mutual discussions and consultations with its neighboring and core countries. It is also important to protect the rights and lives of the Rohingya people in Myanmar by means of a legitimate power-sharing process. The international community have accordingly a constructive role to play in the crisis.
The Social Science Journal
Encyclopedia of Tourism Management and Marketing
Commonwealth Trade Hot Topics, 2017
Legende 21 st Century Maritime Silk Road Silk Road Economic Belt * An diesen Standorten ist Rödl ... more Legende 21 st Century Maritime Silk Road Silk Road Economic Belt * An diesen Standorten ist Rödl & Partner über bewährte Kooperationspartner vertreten.
The Chinese president Xi Jinping addressed a high-level symposium on the Belt and Road Initiative... more The Chinese president Xi Jinping addressed a high-level symposium on the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in Beijing on the 19 th November of 2021. While addressing on the symposium, president Xi asserted that the BRI should aim for high-standard, sustainable and people-centered progress. China has signed cooperation documents on jointly building the Belt and Road with 140 countries and 32 international organization, as the BRI was proposed by president Xi in 2013. Bangladesh is one of the most important members of the BRI. The pertinent questions are: Why does China make such advocacy arrangements at the present moment? What are the main aspects of the new developments of the BRI? How could the new developments influence the BRI? What are the implications of the BRI for Bangladesh? Some believe that the BRI will dramatically expand Beijing's influence in the world, particularly in China's neighborhoods. Others feel the BRI will be hindered by many insurmountable challenges and its failure is almost guaranteed. Bangladesh and China established official diplomatic relations in the 1970s. Since then, the bilateral relations have grown stronger significantly over the years. China is today more deeply involved in Bangladesh than it has ever been.
Dilip Gogoi's book entitled Making of India's Northeast: Geopolitics of Borderland and Transnatio... more Dilip Gogoi's book entitled Making of India's Northeast: Geopolitics of Borderland and Transnational Interactions provides some interesting insights on "how state actors shape geography of a sub-state region as well as place the region in a trans-border dynamic of conflict and cooperation matrix" (p. 2). For a number of reasons, the book under review is a significant contribution to the literature on the geopolitics of India's borderland. It analyzes multifarious cross-border connections of the landlocked northeastern Indian states with Southeast Asia and offers a new dimension of looking at the sub-state region of Northeast India from the theoretical lens of IR (international relations), making sense of an unfamiliar terrain that covers an area of 262,179 square kilometers, constituting 7.9% of India's total geographical area. The author explains that it is necessary to "go beyond the nation-state frame of 'development paradigms' to a 'region-state' framework of trans-border economic cooperation" (p. 11). The strength and weakness of this book is its breadth. Both the theoretical and empirical sections range over many centuries and through a wide range of issues. Chapter 1 highlights the objectives of the study, explains the rationale for selecting the substate region, and formulates the central research questions, providing explanatory methods and outlines of each chapter. Chapter 2 examines the growth of the territorial state and common grounds for territorial border conflicts among the sovereign states from the perspective of international law and practice. The chapter clarifies three important terms: frontier, border, and boundary and shows the conceptual transition from frontier to border that took place since the signing of the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. The literature on border disputes in relation to sovereignty issues and international laws also is lucidly discussed. Chapter 3 looks into the dynamics of border conflict and trans-border cooperation under the theoretical framework of realism and liberalism. It explains why borders matter for sovereign states and how borders are viewed when conducting interstate relations along with the shifting trends connected to international borders. The interrelated questions of proximity, interactions, and territoriality are of great importance in explaining the relationship between borders and interstate conflict. Chapter 4 details how northeast India emerges as a distinct region, drawing inference from both colonial and postcolonial perspectives. This chapter argues that although the region has been reorganized into new states by the Indian state to suit the present realities, it remains a distinct sub-state collectivity, an "undefined 'united' Northeast India in people's imagination" with distinct geo-regional characteristics of economic underdevelopment, societal marginality, and political instability in South Asia (p. 70). In my reading, this chapter is very impressive as it captures the fundamental problems, challenges and prospects in a comprehensive manner. Chapters 3 and 4 are detailed and well-written histories of the northeastern border conflicts and disputes. These chapters carefully situate the borders, and the disputes that surround them, in the historical contexts of South and SouthEast Asia. The security problems, including political instability, militarization, forced migration, drugs and arms smuggling, violence, insurgent and militant activities, related to China, Bangladesh and Myanmar, are analyzed in Chapter 5. However, the author makes some sweeping
The purpose of this study is to find out the determinants and issues influencing Bangladeshi text... more The purpose of this study is to find out the determinants and issues influencing Bangladeshi textile and clothing (T&C) exports. A unique data set has been generated and used to estimate the panel gravity model of Bangladeshi T&C export flows to a total of its 40 trade partners over a period of 27 years, spanning from 1990 to 2017. The results show that the gross domestic product (GDP), real exchange rate and per capita GDP of the importers have appeared to be major determinants of Bangladesh's textile exports trade. Also, Bangladesh and World Trade Organization membership have a strong positive significant impact on T&C exports. The geographical distance has no strong significant effect on textile trading. It is found that European Union and North American Free Trade Agreement countries are the two important export destinations for the garments of Bangladesh. This study is a novel and significant contribution for a couple of reasons: First, Bangladesh's major trading partners are covered in this study sample. Second, the article's focus on the gravity panel data analysis fills up a major research gap on the determinants of exports of the Bangladeshi garments. This study will thus pave the new avenues for further research in future.
The purpose of this research is to study the determinants of export, import and overall trade per... more The purpose of this research is to study the determinants of export, import and overall trade performance. The article employed the panel gravity model along with the analytical approaches of the fixed-effects, random-effects, Poisson Pseudo-Maximum-Likelihood (PPML) and Heckman selection models. This analysis is based on a panel data set from 1989 to 2015 (27 years) for a total of 20 selected largest leather importing partners. The findings are consistent with the Heckscher-Ohlin (H-O) theory, meaning that Bangladesh could chase for the comparative advantage in the leather industry through the effective planning and efficient utilization of its abundant population of 163 million. It is demonstrated that the wealthier nations are likely to trade in the Bangladeshi leather sector. But the key problem in the ways of trade is the presence of high trade and transport costs. Among the major causes of high-trade costs in Bangladesh are the cumbersome and complex cross-border trading practices, which also increase the possibility of corruption. Moreover, the trading of leather products is negatively influenced by the COVID-19. These problems and issues need to be addressed to facilitate Bangladesh's leather exports. Also, Bangladesh is a founding member of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Exporting to Chinese consumer markets and using network connectivity to boost leather trade with other participating countries in the BRI would create a considerable growth potential for Bangladesh. To this end, the issue of technological developments and research innovations could be prioritized. This work provides both industrial and policy directions for future research on trade of leather products by means of an application of the gravity model. There are some methodological innovations of the model. The concluding remarks have generated some insights and lessons that would be useful in the development of leather trade across the world.
Purpose-This paper aims to derive the time-varying relative export competitiveness (REC) of the N... more Purpose-This paper aims to derive the time-varying relative export competitiveness (REC) of the Nigerian cocoa sector against Nigeria's share of world agricultural exports (REC_WA) and world merchandise exports (REC_WM) from 1995 to 2018. By concentrating on different factors such as demand and supply capacity, price factors and exchange rate, the authors examine the determinants of REC. Design/methodology/approach-The authors calculated three different REC indexes. The authors also developed the relative symmetric export competitiveness index for comparative advantage calculation and avoiding the possible bias. The determinants of REC for Nigerian cocoa were captured using the short-run regression (SRR) model. Findings-The study showed that Nigeria's cocoa exports are still competitive despite experiencing some declining stages. Based on the SRR model, higher per capita income had a positive effect on the REC, while higher domestic prices significantly reduced the REC of cocoa. Further, the African Growth Opportunity Act agreement adversely affected the REC of cocoa. Originality/value-This study provides a foundation for future research and enhances the literature on agricultural trade. This research makes a few contributions both from a scientific and a policy perspective. First, it is the first study on the REC analysis for the Nigerian cocoa industry. Second, a wide range of comparisons of REC among the world's largest cocoa exporters was provided following implications of the various economic policies and local policy strategies. Third, the latest 24-year data sets were covered.
Book Review: Li Xing, ed. 2019. Mapping China’s One Belt One Road Initiative, London: Palgrave Ma... more Book Review: Li Xing, ed. 2019. Mapping China’s One Belt One Road Initiative, London: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-3-319-92200-3
Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization, 2018
China is the second largest economy in the world. It has experienced tremendous economic growth i... more China is the second largest economy in the world. It has experienced tremendous economic growth in the history of development. Recently China is going through a period of slow economic growth. In 2013, it launched a large-scale global project-the Belt and Road Initiative. It is termed as ‘project of the century’. Almost 65 countries are assembled under the Initiative. There have been pertinent questions and much confusions with regard to the aims and structure of the Initiative. This article reviews some high-quality peer-reviewed works to find out the nature and goals of the Belt and Road Initiative. In doing so, we have followed the research methodology of systematic literature review. The institutional dynamics and aspects of the Initiative; such as, the Silk Road Fund, Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and the economics corridors are explained in the paper. The data reveal that trade and economic activities in the countries along the ‘Belt and Road’ Initiative are on the inc...
South Asia Research, 2021
M. Emdadul Haq, Comparative Political Systems (Dhaka: Century Publications, 2019), xiii + 258 pp.
Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 2022
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Papers by Dr. Saleh Shahriar
(YSDL) in the generation of livelihoods activities for the youth community of Bangladesh under the Women’s
Empowerment and Livelihood Development “Nuton Jibon”. The study is significant for a couple of reasons.
First, our literature review shows a dearth of research on the youth beneficiaries of the project. Second, there
is a ‘youth bulge’ in Bangladesh, a developing economy experiencing the demographic dividend. The default
issue in the YSDL is largely ignored. We have, therefore, examined the YSDL utilization status of 105 youths
by using the logit model. The results reveal that the size of the loan, due amount of payment and education are
significant factors to determine whether the youth would be a loan de
(YSDL) in the generation of livelihoods activities for the youth community of Bangladesh under the Women’s
Empowerment and Livelihood Development “Nuton Jibon”. The study is significant for a couple of reasons.
First, our literature review shows a dearth of research on the youth beneficiaries of the project. Second, there
is a ‘youth bulge’ in Bangladesh, a developing economy experiencing the demographic dividend. The default
issue in the YSDL is largely ignored. We have, therefore, examined the YSDL utilization status of 105 youths
by using the logit model. The results reveal that the size of the loan, due amount of payment and education are
significant factors to determine whether the youth would be a loan de
systematic literature review, bibliometric citation, authorships and affiliations, and contents analyses. This chapter argues that there are growing academic interests and attentions in the B&R research across the world. The principal reasons for the increase in research with regard to the B&R Initiative are the appearance of publications in prestigious journals, the global economic rise of China and its model of development, and the policy priorities of the government of China. The results show that a total of 32 peer-reviewed research papers were published in 10 prestigious journals