5.15 让我爱不释手的用户环境

https://image.iswbm.com/20200804124133.png

当你在机器上并没有 root 权限时,如何安装 Python 的第三方包呢?

可以使用 pip install --user pkg 将你的包安装在你的用户环境中,该用户环境与全局环境并不冲突,并且多用户之间相互隔离,互不影响。

# 在全局环境中未安装 requests
[root@localhost ~]$ pip list | grep requests
[root@localhost ~]$ su - wangbm

# 由于用户环境继承自全局环境,这里也未安装
[wangbm@localhost ~]$ pip list | grep requests
[wangbm@localhost ~]$ pip install --user requests
[wangbm@localhost ~]$ pip list | grep requests
requests (2.22.0)
[wangbm@localhost ~]$

# 从 Location 属性可发现 requests 只安装在当前用户环境中
[wangbm@localhost ~]$ pip show requests
---
Metadata-Version: 2.1
Name: requests
Version: 2.22.0
Summary: Python HTTP for Humans.
Home-page: https://python-requests.org
Author: Kenneth Reitz
Author-email: [email protected]
Installer: pip
License: Apache 2.0
Location: /home/wangbm/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
[wangbm@localhost ~]$ exit
logout

# 退出 wangbm 用户,在 root 用户环境中发现 requests 未安装
[root@localhost ~]$ pip list | grep requests
[root@localhost ~]$