Papers by khawla K A R E E M kawther
Maǧallaẗ al-handasaẗ wa-al-tiknūlūǧiyā, 2015
The visual image and its orders and patterns required continuous investigations because the city ... more The visual image and its orders and patterns required continuous investigations because the city visual image is not fixed. City identity and meaning are still the factors that connect the places to their habitants. A review for the visual image concept in urban and architectural literature had been carried out throughout this study which was found in different forms and patterns. On other hand there were a lot of theories about future cities, but there were no studies that link these two concepts together. So the research problem was represented bythe decreased knowledge in the visual image quality for the future city. This research was based in achieving its goal on ahypothesis say (The visual image quality for the future cities, achieved through establishment of certain features as: Spatial Enclosure, the pattern of positive urban space, faced design and Small architectures design). This research defines the visual image as all the visual percept for the region or what had percept from it, that produced ofmixingand weaving all the other elements of the physical environment and the total visual scenes, that may be in several images accordingto the range and the scope of the vision, (panorama, vista, view, appearance, scene, perspective), Remarkable for a particular area, or taken into consideration, while the vision scope refer to All of the points of the physical environment that can be perceived by a stable eye (fixed)at a given moment. Future city is the sustainable city with a sustainable approach and a viable place to life and work (mixed use). also Its visual images with a sustainable approach contain elements as green network, green sectors (live), and sustainable roads (green roads), urban rooms or nodes (intimate square and urban spaces): pedestrian pockets, transport nodes, marketing nodes, commercial nodes, edges and green walls and small urban and architectures. For the purpose of verification of the research hypothesis, survey was carried out for a selected proposed future cities by special questionnaires dispended for a random sample of architects, this questionnaire include vocabularies about the quality of the visual image. This research concluded that quality of the visual image, should be
المجلة العراقية لهندسة العمارة والتخطيط, Jun 28, 2017
Urban heritage has great historical and cultural value, There are initiatives to repair buildings... more Urban heritage has great historical and cultural value, There are initiatives to repair buildings where have been damaged, the problem lies in repair techniques, skill, quality of materials used, as of things that have taken on an ongoing renovations on buildings macerated, is the use of different building materials from the original in terms of the scale or type, that the quality of the old as the aesthetic, the privacy and the symbolism dimensions become, architecture constants, and the need to develop appropriate ways to do these reforms, which can cause a lot of damage to the architectural heritage if it not treated required accurate ways. Research problem: There is a knowledge lack about Re-pointing as Technique in Repair and sustainable Architectural Preservation. And lies this shortage because of lack of attention research about this topic in the colleges of Architecture and Civil Engineering Curriculum, the Research define the concept of Re-pointing as important technique as one of repair tool in Sustainable Architectural Conservation, that the repair and Conservation work should investigate the principles of the three sustainability dimensions, environmental, social and economic through to Achieve practical, executive, architectural, and visual considerations, (unity, proportion, pointing language between the brick and the pointing), must use pointing mortar materials similar to the original material in the properties of style and color. It is locally available materials, because of its significant impact on reducing the cost and give the identity of the building construction and architecture of the region, the preparation of the technical staff are able to study and determine, cost, The implementation of the work and preparation manner that respects the character and appearance of the building.
المجلة العراقية لهندسة العمارة والتخطيط, Aug 15, 2017
Urban heritage has great historical and cultural value, There are initiatives to repair buildings... more Urban heritage has great historical and cultural value, There are initiatives to repair buildings where have been damaged, the problem lies in repair techniques، skill, quality of materials used، as of things that have taken on an ongoing renovations on buildings macerated, is the use of different building materials from the original in terms of the scale or type، that the quality of the old as the aesthetic, the privacy and the symbolism dimensions become, architecture constants، and the need to develop appropriate ways to do these reforms, which can cause a lot of damage to the architectural heritage if it not treated required accurate ways. Research problem: There is a knowledge lack about Re-pointing as Technique in Repair and sustainable Architectural Preservation. And lies this shortage because of lack of attention research about this topic in the colleges of Architecture and Civil Engineering Curriculum, the Research define the concept of Re-pointing as important technique as one of repair tool in Sustainable Architectural Conservation, that the repair and Conservation work should investigate the principles of the three sustainability dimensions, environmental, social and economic through to Achieve practical, executive, architectural, and visual considerations, (unity, proportion, pointing language between the brick and the pointing), must use pointing mortar materials similar to the original material in the properties of style and color. It is locally available materials, because of its significant impact on reducing the cost and give the identity of the building construction and architecture of the region, the preparation of the technical staff are able to study and determine, cost، The implementation of the work and preparation manner that respects the character and appearance of the building.
المجلة العراقية لهندسة العمارة والتخطيط, Nov 19, 2018
E3S web of conferences, 2021
After the global developments that occurred, the most important of which is the spread of the Cov... more After the global developments that occurred, the most important of which is the spread of the Covid 19 pandemic, it was imperative to pay attention to outdoor spaces to preserve public health. There are important of studying the relationships between sustainable landscape design, the people, and the urban environment. The research problem revolves around a commitment to sustainable landscape design rules, which included variables in the sustainable natural space environment: environment, economy, justice, beauty, experience, and ethics. The research hypothesis is that there must be a system for the variables of sustainable spaces that determine relationships, opportunities, contradictions, and system parameters about people's health and safety, environmental services, biodiversity, and resource management. To achieve the above goals must be studied; compatibility with systems, the positive effects of globalization, the appropriate scale, and the interactivebehavioral, meaningful landscapes, the distinctive paradigm, using the alternative landscape and regenerated landscapes.
Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, Oct 16, 2021
Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, Oct 16, 2021
Al-Maidan square is the center of the capital, Baghdad, and is a historic center, with many main ... more Al-Maidan square is the center of the capital, Baghdad, and is a historic center, with many main streets. It has economic, commercial, and tourist importance, as well as the morale of the place. As these areas are always crowded because of little absorption and an increase in the number of cars, especially in the morning peak, it is not enough to develop road infrastructure in the city to accompany a large number of vehicles in the city. This study aims to present the reality of overcrowding in Al-Rasheed Street, Bab Al-Muadham Bridge, and Al-Shorja Street, and to find solutions by providing the Baghdad metro that reduces the use of cars and making Al-Maidan Square a metro station. The research suggests modifications to the Al-Maidan metro station proposed by the Ministry of Planning by adding a multi-story building (mixed-used) that includes car parks too. The proposed metro project that is supposed to be constructed will have a metro station in Al-Maidan area, and the designs are present, but there is an increase in the number of private cars, so the research problem was that the previous metro designs no longer meet the current needs. Multiple floors contain private floors for parking as well as other uses. There is another set of proposals integrated with the metro station by developing the surrounding streets, such as Al-Rasheed Street, Al-Shorja, and Al-Jumhuriya Street.
Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, 2021
The problem of research is the Lack of clarity of transformation in traditional urban path of evo... more The problem of research is the Lack of clarity of transformation in traditional urban path of evolved with modern urban planning in Al-Shawaka, Al-Karkh in Baghdad. The aim of the research was to clarify these shifts, and the paths of transformation to take advantage of them in developing the future vision of the city. Finding changes in movement orders and the changes that occurred in the last century, in order to benefit from them in the effective upgrading programs of the heritage urban fabric. The research hypothesis: Deciphering the new relationships between masses and space in urban fabric, where it is possible to know the types of movement orders through the use of the axial map
Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, 2021
Al-Maidan square is the center of the capital, Baghdad, and is a historic center, with many main ... more Al-Maidan square is the center of the capital, Baghdad, and is a historic center, with many main streets. It has economic, commercial, and tourist importance, as well as the morale of the place. As these areas are always crowded because of little absorption and an increase in the number of cars, especially in the morning peak, it is not enough to develop road infrastructure in the city to accompany a large number of vehicles in the city. This study aims to present the reality of overcrowding in Al-Rasheed Street, Bab Al-Muadham Bridge, and Al-Shorja Street, and to find solutions by providing the Baghdad metro that reduces the use of cars and making Al-Maidan Square a metro station. The research suggests modifications to the Al-Maidan metro station proposed by the Ministry of Planning by adding a multi-story building (mixed-used) that includes car parks too. The proposed metro project that is supposed to be constructed will have a metro station in Al-Maidan area, and the designs are present, but there is an increase in the number of private cars, so the research problem was that the previous metro designs no longer meet the current needs. Multiple floors contain private floors for parking as well as other uses. There is another set of proposals integrated with the metro station by developing the surrounding streets, such as Al-Rasheed Street, Al-Shorja, and Al-Jumhuriya Street.
Heritage cities are suffering from many and varied problems that they were unable to meet the cur... more Heritage cities are suffering from many and varied problems that they were unable to meet the current requirements, which made them an unfit environment for contemporary housing, causing a change in its residential functional structure, with the desertion of part of its indigenous population, and threatening the social and historical value of its urban fabric. There is great importance in preserving the urban heritage fabric in general. The research objectives are concerned with the heritage fabric in Al-Shawaka- Al-Karkh / BAGHDAD- IRAQ, in particular. This can be said to be the area of origin before the construction of the round city of Baghdad, and it has preserved its residential function through the ages; this makes it a special area for preservation and rehabilitation of the urban fabric in it. The research problem: The hidden orders and its relations to the preservation of architectural and urban. The research hypothesis: Each urban fabric has its own Orders. There are appare...
Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2021
Heritage cities are suffering from many and varied problems that they were unable to meet the cur... more Heritage cities are suffering from many and varied problems that they were unable to meet the current requirements, which made them an unfit environment for contemporary housing, causing a change in its residential functional structure, with the desertion of part of its indigenous population, and threatening the social and historical value of its urban fabric. There is great importance in preserving the urban heritage fabric in general. The research objectives are concerned with the heritage fabric in Al-Shawaka- Al-Karkh / BAGHDAD- IRAQ, in particular. This can be said to be the area of origin before the construction of the round city of Baghdad, and it has preserved its residential function through the ages; this makes it a special area for preservation and rehabilitation of the urban fabric in it. The research problem: The hidden orders and its relations to the preservation of architectural and urban. The research hypothesis: Each urban fabric has its own Orders. There are appare...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
The construction units used in pavement reinforce the functional and aesthetic effects of sidewal... more The construction units used in pavement reinforce the functional and aesthetic effects of sidewalks and public places in the city. The pavement can be carried out from paving of different materials, which can be used according to the location and the surrounding environment. There are a number of pavers, including prefabricated concrete, asphalt, stone, etc. The study will examine the precast concrete (flag) that is used in pavement of sidewalk. Research problem: Locally, there is a weakness in integrating the engineering standards of pavement with the standards of urban design to achieve the special and distinctive urban form, which is appropriate for use. The non-use of colours in the direction of movement and the realization of privacy and the definition of use leads to lack of care for the urban environment, and its components. Research hypothesis: The integration of engineering and construction standards of precast concrete flags used in paving sidewalks and streets must be met...
Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2021
Heritage cities are suffering from many and varied problems that they were unable to meet the cur... more Heritage cities are suffering from many and varied problems that they were unable to meet the current requirements, which made them an unfit environment for contemporary housing, causing a change in its residential functional structure, with the desertion of part of its indigenous population, and threatening the social and historical value of its urban fabric. There is great importance in preserving the urban heritage fabric in general. The research objectives are concerned with the heritage fabric in Al-Shawaka- Al-Karkh / BAGHDAD- IRAQ, in particular. This can be said to be the area of origin before the construction of the round city of Baghdad, and it has preserved its residential function through the ages; this makes it a special area for preservation and rehabilitation of the urban fabric in it. The research problem: The hidden orders and its relations to the preservation of architectural and urban. The research hypothesis: Each urban fabric has its own Orders. There are appare...
The concept of urban order is important to the future perception of cities, especially in the her... more The concept of urban order is important to the future perception of cities, especially in the heritage fabric. The research aims to find urban generating orders to be used in future planning and design projects. The research problem lies in the analysis of urban social orders from the traditional urban fabric of the ancient Karkh of Baghdad. The objective of the research: Finding the elements of urban social orders. Research hypotheses: Urban Social order is a hidden order that affects the urban fabric, as well as, Urban Social Orders are linked to cultural orders, order laws, temporal order, spatial theme, geographical and regional order, and urban context to achieving sustainable urban design.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
There are many orientations to find and enhance architectural trends and methods related to the p... more There are many orientations to find and enhance architectural trends and methods related to the principle of planning and designing light and shading in urban spaces, particularly after the advancements that have happened to the dimension and components of the urban space. The research aims to reach a vision of the aspects and indicators through which light and shading play an active role in finding valuable interactive urban spaces, and enhancing the relationship between the user and the surrounding environment to achieve the opportunity to create visually enjoyable and visually meaningful experiments, through improving the functional, environmental, social, and aesthetic aspects. The research problem: "lack of knowledge about the role and effect of light and shading on creating interactive and effective urban spaces. The research concluded the main and essential terms of the theoretical background from a synthesis literature review and these terms are represented by the functional, environmental, social, and aesthetic aspects of urban spaces, their subsidiary, and parameters, finally enhancing these aspects, light, and shading can be effective in creating and finding interactive and active urban spaces.
There are many orientations to find and enhance architectural trends and methods related to the p... more There are many orientations to find and enhance architectural trends and methods related to the principle of planning and designing light and shading in urban spaces, particularly after the advancements that have happened to the dimension and components of the urban space. The research aims to reach a vision of the aspects and indicators through which light and shading play an active role in finding valuable interactive urban spaces, and enhancing the relationship between the user and the surrounding environment to achieve the opportunity to create visually enjoyable and visually meaningful experiments, through improving the functional, environmental, social, and aesthetic aspects. The research problem: "lack of knowledge about the role and effect of light and shading on creating interactive and effective urban spaces. The research concluded the main and essential terms of the theoretical background from a synthesis literature review and these terms are represented by the functional, environmental, social, and aesthetic aspects of urban spaces, their subsidiary, and parameters, finally enhancing these aspects, light, and shading can be effective in creating and finding interactive and active urban spaces.
MATEC Web of Conferences
Asphalt is the main material used to finish the internal and external streets of cities. Newly em... more Asphalt is the main material used to finish the internal and external streets of cities. Newly emerged in some countries, the use of colors which is added to the asphalt, it would be possible to use in the paving of this material widely in walking pavements, bicycle paths, parks and open spaces. By analyzing the international experiences as well as practical study, by a survey that was done by Iraqi professors in the specialized field of civil and road engineering, as well as architects, urban designer, and landscapers. Nonproliferation of Colored Asphalt and Street Print applications locally, this application has not been used in Iraq till now. There is a lack of knowledge on this subject, hence, the studies and research need to be carried out on this aspect, and find out their suitability for the local environment. The reasons that it is not used in Iraq are: cost of devices, staff, lack of experience, unavailability of materials, laws-culture-traffic engineering and lack of desire for development. It was found that, it is necessary to legislate engineering laws related to traffic engineering and educate vehicle owners about this new culture.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
The concept of urban order is important to the future perception of cities, especially in the her... more The concept of urban order is important to the future perception of cities, especially in the heritage fabric. The research aims to find urban generating orders to be used in future planning and design projects. The research problem lies in the analysis of urban social orders from the traditional urban fabric of the ancient Karkh of Baghdad. The objective of the research: Finding the elements of urban social orders. Research hypotheses: Urban Social order is a hidden order that affects the urban fabric, as well as, Urban Social Orders are linked to cultural orders, order laws, temporal order, spatial theme, geographical and regional order, and urban context to achieving sustainable urban design.
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Papers by khawla K A R E E M kawther