Papers by Leonard Ionescu
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Dec 31, 2022
Vasile Diaconu, Alexandru Gafincu (ed.), The Bronze Age in Eastern Europe: multidisciplinary approaches, 2023
Three hair rings, previously mentioned in the archaeological literature but
undocumented, were re... more Three hair rings, previously mentioned in the archaeological literature but
undocumented, were recently identified in the collection of the Oltenia Museum of Craiova. They come from the excavations conducted by C. S. Nicolăescu-Plopșor in the 1920s in the burial mounds of Plenița-"Măgura Mare", Plenița-"Via lui Ion St. Bârțan", and Perișor-"Măgura Cerbului". Taking these artefacts as a starting point, this article presents new results of interdisciplinary research involving restoration and metallographic analyses, radiocarbon dates of graves, and identification of burial mounds excavated in this region on old maps. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on burial mounds investigated in the plain region of Oltenia, covering the final part of the fourth millennium BC and the first half of the third millennium BC, and to contextualise the discoveries in the wider region of south-eastern Europe. The relative chronology indicates that these funerary monuments emerged in a time frame contemporary to the Coțofeni culture, and continued to be raised and used subsequently. Most burial mounds can be assigned to the Yamna funerary horizon, and illustrate the characteristics of the standardised burial ritual of these communities, as attested in neighbouring areas. However, given our gap in knowledge, research questions on the emergence of burial mounds in Oltenia at the end of the fourth millennium BC and the relation with Coțofeni communities, as well as the arrival of Yamna communities in the region, their interactions with the local environment, and finally, their dissolution, remain unanswered and require new excavations and interdisciplinary research.
(2023) B. Preda-Bălănică, M. C. Bâsceanu, B. Olariu, L. Ionescu, M. M. Căminescu, M. Boicea, Interdisciplinary Approaches to Early Bronze Age Burial Mounds in Oltenia, in V. Diaconu, A. Gafincu (eds.), The Bronze Age in south-eastern Europe. Multidisciplinary Studies. Piatra Neamț-Brăila, p. 9-59. Three hair rings, previously mentioned in the archaeological literature but
undocumented, were re... more Three hair rings, previously mentioned in the archaeological literature but
undocumented, were recently identified in the collection of the Oltenia Museum of Craiova. They come from the excavations conducted by C. S. Nicolăescu-Plopșor in the 1920s in the burial mounds of Plenița-"Măgura Mare", Plenița-"Via lui Ion St. Bârțan", and Perișor-"Măgura Cerbului". Taking these artefacts as a starting point, this article presents
new results of interdisciplinary research involving restoration and metallographic analyses, radiocarbon dates of graves, and identification of burial mounds excavated in this region on old maps. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on burial mounds investigated in the plain region of Oltenia, covering the final part of the fourth millennium BC and the first half of the third millennium BC, and to contextualise the discoveries in the wider region of south-eastern Europe. The relative chronology indicates that these funerary monuments emerged in a time frame contemporary to the Coțofeni culture, and continued to be raised and used subsequently. Most burial mounds can be assigned to the Yamna funerary horizon, and illustrate the characteristics of the standardised burial ritual of these communities, as attested in neighbouring areas. However, given our gap in knowledge, research questions on the emergence of burial mounds in Oltenia at the end of the fourth millennium BC and the relation with Coțofeni communities, as well as the arrival of Yamna communities in the region, their interactions with the local environment, and finally, their dissolution, remain unanswered and require new excavations and interdisciplinary research.
CONSTANȚA – ISTORIE, VECINĂTATE, MULTICULTURALITATE, 2023
Found on the Dobrujan north-east terrace of the Danube, Capidava is a
fortress erected in the se... more Found on the Dobrujan north-east terrace of the Danube, Capidava is a
fortress erected in the second century A.D. and inhabited intermittently until the first decades of the 11th century. The site is researched now for almost a century, in the last decades in more than one point at a time. One of the researched points is currently the medieval necropolis (point X), which expands north-east of the surviving walls and outside the fortification (preserved only in foundation) which bound the medieval settlement. This necropolis was systematically researched starting with 2010 and was also the object of a preventive research in 2015, without being exhausted. The inventory of the graves recovered during these campaigns (bronze earrings and rings and glass beads) together with the Radiocarbon analyses made so far led to the chronological framing of the necropolis mainly in the 10th century.
The paper bellow focuses on the preservation and restauration of the metallic items found during the archaeological campaigns in 2021 and 2022. Among these are mainly rings, earrings, an arrow head, coins and unidentified items, all recovered from 17 inhumation graves researched during these time. The operations were preceded by observations on the items in situ, by soil analyses, chemical analyses of the items and spectroscopy analyses with X rays. Only after these, the items were restored following specific operations, according to the metals used in their manufacturing.
Praehistorische Zeitschrift, 2022
Zusammenfassung In Desa sind in den Bereichen Castravița und Lunculița zwei Latène-Nekropolen gef... more Zusammenfassung In Desa sind in den Bereichen Castravița und Lunculița zwei Latène-Nekropolen gefunden worden. Die Nekropole in Desa-Castravița ist die erste Nekropole der Mittel- und Spätlatène-Zeit in der Region des Eisernen Tores, für die menschliche und tierische Überreste paläoanthropologisch und archäozoologisch analysiert worden sind. Menschliche Überreste konnten in sechs Gräbern in kleinen Mengen gefunden werden; sie sind stark fragmentiert und deformiert. Die Bestatteten wurden bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen, zwischen 600–900º C, in einem sauerstoffreichen Milieu verbrannt. Nicht alle Knochen sind dem Scheiterhaufen entnommen worden. Es gibt keine Auswahl bestimmter Körperteile. Eine Sica wurde bei einer Temperatur von 570–900° C verbrannt und dabei entstand eine Magnetitschicht, deren Konservierung das Dekor erkennen lässt. Die Bestatteten waren adulte, männliche Individuen oder Individuen unbestimmten Geschlechtes; nur der Bestattete aus Grab 6 ist ein Jüngling. Die ...
2022 24th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing (SYNASC)
2021 23rd International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing (SYNASC), 2021
From the moment of being excavated till they become a museum exhibit, archaeological artefacts un... more From the moment of being excavated till they become a museum exhibit, archaeological artefacts undergo a careful process of restoration, elaborately conducted by human experts with the help of complex devices. After the chemical composition of the object is approximated, the next step of the pathway is to assess the degradation of the surface, i.e. the quantification of corrosion. While earlier work proposed an automation of the step related to the estimation of the chemical concentration, the current study attempts to further offer a computational solution for the detection of corroded areas of the artefact. Iron historical items were considered, stereo microscopy images were produced and the restorers manually roughly delineated the regions containing rust. An U-Net architecture was trained on the annotated collection to recognize rust from clean areas. Even with a preliminary minimal manual delineation of the degraded zones for training, the deep learning model was able to recognize the similar areas in new objects in the test phase.
Procedia Computer Science
Advances in Computational Intelligence
Procedia Computer Science
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Papers by Leonard Ionescu
undocumented, were recently identified in the collection of the Oltenia Museum of Craiova. They come from the excavations conducted by C. S. Nicolăescu-Plopșor in the 1920s in the burial mounds of Plenița-"Măgura Mare", Plenița-"Via lui Ion St. Bârțan", and Perișor-"Măgura Cerbului". Taking these artefacts as a starting point, this article presents new results of interdisciplinary research involving restoration and metallographic analyses, radiocarbon dates of graves, and identification of burial mounds excavated in this region on old maps. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on burial mounds investigated in the plain region of Oltenia, covering the final part of the fourth millennium BC and the first half of the third millennium BC, and to contextualise the discoveries in the wider region of south-eastern Europe. The relative chronology indicates that these funerary monuments emerged in a time frame contemporary to the Coțofeni culture, and continued to be raised and used subsequently. Most burial mounds can be assigned to the Yamna funerary horizon, and illustrate the characteristics of the standardised burial ritual of these communities, as attested in neighbouring areas. However, given our gap in knowledge, research questions on the emergence of burial mounds in Oltenia at the end of the fourth millennium BC and the relation with Coțofeni communities, as well as the arrival of Yamna communities in the region, their interactions with the local environment, and finally, their dissolution, remain unanswered and require new excavations and interdisciplinary research.
undocumented, were recently identified in the collection of the Oltenia Museum of Craiova. They come from the excavations conducted by C. S. Nicolăescu-Plopșor in the 1920s in the burial mounds of Plenița-"Măgura Mare", Plenița-"Via lui Ion St. Bârțan", and Perișor-"Măgura Cerbului". Taking these artefacts as a starting point, this article presents
new results of interdisciplinary research involving restoration and metallographic analyses, radiocarbon dates of graves, and identification of burial mounds excavated in this region on old maps. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on burial mounds investigated in the plain region of Oltenia, covering the final part of the fourth millennium BC and the first half of the third millennium BC, and to contextualise the discoveries in the wider region of south-eastern Europe. The relative chronology indicates that these funerary monuments emerged in a time frame contemporary to the Coțofeni culture, and continued to be raised and used subsequently. Most burial mounds can be assigned to the Yamna funerary horizon, and illustrate the characteristics of the standardised burial ritual of these communities, as attested in neighbouring areas. However, given our gap in knowledge, research questions on the emergence of burial mounds in Oltenia at the end of the fourth millennium BC and the relation with Coțofeni communities, as well as the arrival of Yamna communities in the region, their interactions with the local environment, and finally, their dissolution, remain unanswered and require new excavations and interdisciplinary research.
fortress erected in the second century A.D. and inhabited intermittently until the first decades of the 11th century. The site is researched now for almost a century, in the last decades in more than one point at a time. One of the researched points is currently the medieval necropolis (point X), which expands north-east of the surviving walls and outside the fortification (preserved only in foundation) which bound the medieval settlement. This necropolis was systematically researched starting with 2010 and was also the object of a preventive research in 2015, without being exhausted. The inventory of the graves recovered during these campaigns (bronze earrings and rings and glass beads) together with the Radiocarbon analyses made so far led to the chronological framing of the necropolis mainly in the 10th century.
The paper bellow focuses on the preservation and restauration of the metallic items found during the archaeological campaigns in 2021 and 2022. Among these are mainly rings, earrings, an arrow head, coins and unidentified items, all recovered from 17 inhumation graves researched during these time. The operations were preceded by observations on the items in situ, by soil analyses, chemical analyses of the items and spectroscopy analyses with X rays. Only after these, the items were restored following specific operations, according to the metals used in their manufacturing.
undocumented, were recently identified in the collection of the Oltenia Museum of Craiova. They come from the excavations conducted by C. S. Nicolăescu-Plopșor in the 1920s in the burial mounds of Plenița-"Măgura Mare", Plenița-"Via lui Ion St. Bârțan", and Perișor-"Măgura Cerbului". Taking these artefacts as a starting point, this article presents new results of interdisciplinary research involving restoration and metallographic analyses, radiocarbon dates of graves, and identification of burial mounds excavated in this region on old maps. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on burial mounds investigated in the plain region of Oltenia, covering the final part of the fourth millennium BC and the first half of the third millennium BC, and to contextualise the discoveries in the wider region of south-eastern Europe. The relative chronology indicates that these funerary monuments emerged in a time frame contemporary to the Coțofeni culture, and continued to be raised and used subsequently. Most burial mounds can be assigned to the Yamna funerary horizon, and illustrate the characteristics of the standardised burial ritual of these communities, as attested in neighbouring areas. However, given our gap in knowledge, research questions on the emergence of burial mounds in Oltenia at the end of the fourth millennium BC and the relation with Coțofeni communities, as well as the arrival of Yamna communities in the region, their interactions with the local environment, and finally, their dissolution, remain unanswered and require new excavations and interdisciplinary research.
undocumented, were recently identified in the collection of the Oltenia Museum of Craiova. They come from the excavations conducted by C. S. Nicolăescu-Plopșor in the 1920s in the burial mounds of Plenița-"Măgura Mare", Plenița-"Via lui Ion St. Bârțan", and Perișor-"Măgura Cerbului". Taking these artefacts as a starting point, this article presents
new results of interdisciplinary research involving restoration and metallographic analyses, radiocarbon dates of graves, and identification of burial mounds excavated in this region on old maps. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on burial mounds investigated in the plain region of Oltenia, covering the final part of the fourth millennium BC and the first half of the third millennium BC, and to contextualise the discoveries in the wider region of south-eastern Europe. The relative chronology indicates that these funerary monuments emerged in a time frame contemporary to the Coțofeni culture, and continued to be raised and used subsequently. Most burial mounds can be assigned to the Yamna funerary horizon, and illustrate the characteristics of the standardised burial ritual of these communities, as attested in neighbouring areas. However, given our gap in knowledge, research questions on the emergence of burial mounds in Oltenia at the end of the fourth millennium BC and the relation with Coțofeni communities, as well as the arrival of Yamna communities in the region, their interactions with the local environment, and finally, their dissolution, remain unanswered and require new excavations and interdisciplinary research.
fortress erected in the second century A.D. and inhabited intermittently until the first decades of the 11th century. The site is researched now for almost a century, in the last decades in more than one point at a time. One of the researched points is currently the medieval necropolis (point X), which expands north-east of the surviving walls and outside the fortification (preserved only in foundation) which bound the medieval settlement. This necropolis was systematically researched starting with 2010 and was also the object of a preventive research in 2015, without being exhausted. The inventory of the graves recovered during these campaigns (bronze earrings and rings and glass beads) together with the Radiocarbon analyses made so far led to the chronological framing of the necropolis mainly in the 10th century.
The paper bellow focuses on the preservation and restauration of the metallic items found during the archaeological campaigns in 2021 and 2022. Among these are mainly rings, earrings, an arrow head, coins and unidentified items, all recovered from 17 inhumation graves researched during these time. The operations were preceded by observations on the items in situ, by soil analyses, chemical analyses of the items and spectroscopy analyses with X rays. Only after these, the items were restored following specific operations, according to the metals used in their manufacturing.