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Productivity and Firm Exit during the COVID-19 Crisis : Cross-Country Evidence

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  • Muzi,Silvia
  • Jolevski,Filip
  • Ueda,Kohei
  • Viganola,Domenico

Abstract

This paper examines whether the economic crisis induced by the COVID-19 pandemic exhibits a Schumpeterian “cleansing” of less productive firms. Using firm-level data for 31 economies, the study finds that less productive firms have a higher probability of permanently closing during the crisis, suggesting that the process of cleansing out unproductive arrangements may be at work. The paper also uncovers a strong and negative relationship between firm exit and innovation and digital presence, especially for small firms, confirming the relevance of the ability to adapt to market conditions as a determinant of firm survival. Finally, the study finds evidence of a negative relationship between firm exit and a burdensome business environment, as well as between firm exit and age.

Suggested Citation

  • Muzi,Silvia & Jolevski,Filip & Ueda,Kohei & Viganola,Domenico, 2021. "Productivity and Firm Exit during the COVID-19 Crisis : Cross-Country Evidence," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9671, The World Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:9671
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    3. Chen, Jiping & Wan, Haiyuan & Zhang, Wei & He, Weidong, 2024. "Guarantee employment or guarantee wage? Firm-level evidence from China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    4. Hiroyuki Okamuro & Yasushi Hara & Yunosuke Iwaki, 2022. "Impact of Consumer Awareness and Behavior on Business Exits in the Hospitality, Tourism, Entertainment, and Culture Industries under the COVID-19 Pandemic," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-19, November.
    5. Wagner, Joachim, 2023. "Exports and firm survival in times of COVID-19: Evidence from eight European countries," KCG Working Papers 29, Kiel Centre for Globalization (KCG).
    6. Kongphop WONGKAEW & SAITO Yukiko, 2023. "CEO Age, Firm Exit and Zombification amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic," Discussion papers 23080, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    7. Joachim Wagner, 2023. "Exports and firm survival in times of COVID-19 – Evidence from eight European countries," Working Paper Series in Economics 422, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Labor Markets; Financial Sector Policy; Business Environment; Food&Beverage Industry; Plastics&Rubber Industry; Textiles; Apparel&Leather Industry; Pulp&Paper Industry; Common Carriers Industry; Construction Industry; Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies; General Manufacturing;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity
    • L22 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Organization and Market Structure
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • O30 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - General
    • G33 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Bankruptcy; Liquidation

    NEP fields

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