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Desempeño De Los Establecimientos Educativos:¿Un Problema De Recursos, Capacidades Organizacionales O Nivel Socioeconómico?

Author

Listed:
  • Claudio Thieme

    (Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad Diego Portales)

  • Diego Prior

    (Dpt. d'Economia de l'Empresa Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)

  • Víctor Giménez

    (Dpt. d'Economia de l'Empresa Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)

  • Emili Tortosa

    (Departament d'Economia)

Abstract

El estudio utiliza la metodología de order-m para medir la eficiencia de los establecimientos educativos. De esta manera supera los grandes inconvenientes de los estudios tradicionales en esta línea de investigación que dicen relación con su carácter determinista y el impacto que podrían tener los outliers sobre la estimación. El estudio calcula conjuntamente el indicador de “máximo output potencial” que se refiere al máximo mejoramiento de resultados que podría alcanzar la escuela, ya sea manteniendo las condiciones de contexto u obteniendo una mejora de largo plazo. A partir de ello podemos establecer cuánto debería modificarse la dotación de recursos para alcanzar estos niveles óptimos de resultados. En consecuencia, el estudio posibilita determinar los requerimientos de mejora de gestión y de dotación de recursos que permitan a establecimientos con estudiantes de menor nivel socioeconómico obtener máximos resultados en el mediano y largo plazo. Se trata por tanto de una metodología que proporciona información relevante para la política pública de cualquier país. La metodología propuesta se aplica en una muestra de 277 establecimientos de educación básica de Chile de los que se cuenta completa información de recursos, de capacidades organizacionales y de resultados a través de una prueba estandarizada. Todos ellos a nivel de escuela. Los resultados muestran que los recursos físicos y humanos son más importantes que la eficiencia de gestión y que el nivel socioeconómico de los alumnos para alcanzar niveles máximos de resultados de logro académico. Se corrobora la existencia de gaps tecnológicos entre escuelas de distinto nivel socioeconómico, siendo la brecha que separa al grupo más pobre de la sociedad con el inmediatamente superior la más profunda. Las diferencias de desempeño entre escuelas son estadísticamente explicadas por las capacidades de gestión directiva en recursos humanos.

Suggested Citation

  • Claudio Thieme & Diego Prior & Víctor Giménez & Emili Tortosa, 2010. "Desempeño De Los Establecimientos Educativos:¿Un Problema De Recursos, Capacidades Organizacionales O Nivel Socioeconómico?," Working Papers 14, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad Diego Portales.
    • Handle: RePEc:ptl:wpaper:14
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    References listed on IDEAS

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