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Alte Idee, neues Programm: Der Gründungszuschuss als Nachfolger von Überbrückungsgeld und Ich-AG

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  • Caliendo, Marco

    (University of Potsdam)

  • Hogenacker, Jens

    (Q_Perior AG)

  • Künn, Steffen

    (Maastricht University)

  • Wießner, Frank

    (Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt)

Abstract

Die Gründungsförderung der Bundesagentur für Arbeit ist im Rahmen der aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik im Rechtskreis SGB III nach wie vor eines der bedeutsamsten Instrumente. Zum 1. August 2006 löste der Gründungszuschuss (§ 57 SGB III) seine beiden Vorgänger, das Überbrückungsgeld und den Existenzgründungszuschuss ("Ich-AG") ab. Ziel der Reform war neben der Erhöhung der Transparenz und Übersichtlichkeit vor allem eine Entlastung der Arbeitsverwaltung und eine effizientere Ausgestaltung des Förderinstruments. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Studie zeigen, dass das neue Programm wie erwartet ähnliche Teilnehmerstrukturen wie das Überbrückungsgeld aufweist und somit nicht mehr die Breite der beiden Vorgängerprogramme abdeckt. Die degressive Transferentzugsrate hat entgegen anfänglichen Befürchtungen keinen maßgeblichen Einfluss auf den Zeitpunkt der Gründungsentscheidung. Eine vertiefende Betrachtung des Fördergeschehens zeigt ebenfalls, dass sich der Gründungszuschuss durch beachtliche Verbleibsquoten (75-84%) in Selbständigkeit auszeichnet, die zum Teil deutlich über denen der Vorgängerprogramme liegen. Im Hinblick auf die vieldiskutierten Mitnahmeeffekte im Bereich der Gründungsförderung, deuten deskriptive Auswertungen darauf hin, dass Mitnahmeeffekte im Zusammenhang mit dem Gründungszuschuss eine geringere Bedeutung haben als vielfach angenommen.

Suggested Citation

  • Caliendo, Marco & Hogenacker, Jens & Künn, Steffen & Wießner, Frank, 2011. "Alte Idee, neues Programm: Der Gründungszuschuss als Nachfolger von Überbrückungsgeld und Ich-AG," IZA Discussion Papers 6035, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp6035
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    Cited by:

    1. Lechmann, Daniel S. J. & Wunder, Christoph, 2016. "The dynamics of solo self-employment: Persistence and transition to employership," Discussion Papers 98, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Chair of Labour and Regional Economics.
    2. Evers, Katalin & Schleinkofer, Michael, 2015. "Der Gründungszuschuss vor und nach der Reform : same, but different: Ein Vergleich der Teilnehmerstrukturen," IAB-Forschungsbericht 201505, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    3. Moritz Zöllner & Michael Fritsch & Michael Wyrwich, 2016. "An Evaluation of German Active Labor Market Policies and its Entrepreneurship Promotion," Jena Economics Research Papers 2016-022, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena.
    4. Bernhard, Stefan, 2018. "Wie wird man eigentlich ein Marktteilnehmer? : Qualitative Studien zur Gründung und Einbettung von Marktakteuren," IAB-Discussion Paper 201823, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    5. Caliendo, Marco & Künn, Steffen & Weissenberger, Martin, 2020. "Catching up or lagging behind? The long-term business and innovation potential of subsidized start-ups out of unemployment," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(10).
    6. Caliendo, Marco & Künn, Steffen & Weißenberger, Martin, 2016. "Personality traits and the evaluation of start-up subsidies," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 87-108.
    7. Stefan Schneck, 2020. "Self-employment as a source of income inequality," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 10(1), pages 45-64, March.
    8. Schneck, Stefan, 2018. "The effect of self-employment on income inequality," Working Papers 05/18, Institut für Mittelstandsforschung (IfM) Bonn.
    9. Marco Caliendo & Jens Hogenacker & Steffen Künn & Frank Wießner, 2015. "Subsidized start-ups out of unemployment: a comparison to regular business start-ups," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 45(1), pages 165-190, June.
    10. Evers, Katalin & Schleinkofer, Michael & Wießner, Frank, 2013. "Freiwillige Arbeitslosenversicherung für Existenzgründer: Etwas mehr Sicherheit (Voluntary extended unemployment insurance - more protection for the self-employed: a quantum of solace)," IAB-Kurzbericht 201312, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    11. Colin C. Williams, 2014. "Confronting the Shadow Economy," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 15370.
    12. Piegeler, Monika & Röhl, Klaus-Heiner, 2015. "Gründungsförderung in Deutschland: Ein Aktionsplan gegen sinkende Gründerzahlen," IW policy papers 17/2015, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (IW) / German Economic Institute.
    13. Sandra M. Sánchez‐Cañizares & L. Javier Cabeza‐Ramírez & M. Dolores Guerrero‐Baena, 2020. "Evaluation of self‐employment support policies using survival analysis. The discounted flat rate in Andalusia (Spain)," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 99(5), pages 1389-1411, October.
    14. Daniel S. J. Lechmann & Christoph Wunder, 2017. "The Dynamics of Solo Self-Employment: Persistence and Transition to Employership," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 932, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    15. Schneck, Stefan & May-Strobl, Eva, 2014. "The economic contribution of start-up firms in Germany," Working Papers 02/14, Institut für Mittelstandsforschung (IfM) Bonn.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Evaluation arbeitsmarktpolitischer Maßnahmen; Gründungszuschuss; aktive Arbeitsmarktpolitik; Überbrückungsgeld; Existenzgründungszuschuss;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J68 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Public Policy
    • M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups
    • H43 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Project Evaluation; Social Discount Rate

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