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Migration and the economic crisis in the European Union member states: cluster analysis

Author

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  • Lorena Škuflić

    (University of Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Mira Krpan

    (University of Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Berislav Žmuk

    (University of Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

European Union (EU) is facing large migration flows, whose distribution and volatility in the observed period between 2006 and 2015 across the EU member states, among other factors, were affected by the financial and economic crisis. This paper examines how the homogeneity of the EU member states was changing with respect to economic performance and migration statistics indicators. Consequently, the non-hierarchical cluster analysis by using k-means method was conducted based on the average values of the selected variables in four time periods: the pre-crisis, crisis, and post-crisis periods. The fourth period is year 2015, the beginning of massive immigration in the EU area due to world migration crisis. Our results indicate relative stability of the number and structure of clusters of EU-28 member states in the selected time periods on the bases of observed variables. There are few exceptions, however, related to countries that were heavily influenced by the financial and economic crisis, and Germany which stood out with decreasing unemployment rates and increasing net migration values in the post-crisis period.

Suggested Citation

  • Lorena Škuflić & Mira Krpan & Berislav Žmuk, 2018. "Migration and the economic crisis in the European Union member states: cluster analysis," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 6(2), pages 979-1000, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:ssi:jouesi:v:6:y:2018:i:2:p:979-1000
    DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2018.6.2(34)
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    economic crisis; European Union member states; migration; non-hierarchical cluster analysis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C38 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Classification Methdos; Cluster Analysis; Principal Components; Factor Analysis
    • E00 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - General
    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration

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