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Les sources de l’écart de rémunération entre femmes et hommes dans la fonction publique

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  • Mathieu Narcy
  • Joseph Lanfranchi
  • Chloé Duvivier

Abstract

[fre] Malgré un ensemble d’actions visant à favoriser l’égalité professionnelle entre les femmes et les hommes, les inégalités de salaire selon le sexe persistent. Cet article identifie et quantifie avec précision les principales sources de l’écart de rémunération entre les femmes et les hommes titulaires au sein des trois versants de la fonction publique. Nous mettons en oeuvre une méthode de décomposition non paramétrique (la méthode de Ñopo) qui permet de surmonter les problèmes méthodologiques inhérents aux méthodes classiques de décomposition paramétriques. Cette méthode permet également d’obtenir une évaluation très précise lorsqu’elle est mise en oeuvre sur une population exhaustive. C’est le cas avec les données mobilisées, issues du Système d’information sur les agents des services publics (SIASP) qui couvre de manière exhaustive les agents de la fonction publique. Les configurations inégalitaires apparaissent très différentes entre les trois versants de la fonction publique. Même si les différences en termes de nombre d’heures de travail constituent systématiquement l’une des deux principales sources de l’écart de rémunération quel que soit le versant de la fonction publique, c’est dans la fonction publique hospitalière (FPH), hors personnel médical, que ce facteur joue le rôle le plus important puisqu’il contribue à plus de la moitié de cet écart. En revanche, dans la fonction publique d’État (FPE) ou territoriale (FPT), la ségrégation professionnelle, c’est-à-dire le fait que les femmes et les hommes occupent des emplois différents, en termes de métiers, de professions et de secteurs, et de niveau hiérarchique représente la principale source de l’écart de rémunération entre les femmes et les hommes, contribuant à plus de la moitié de cet écart. En outre, dans ces deux versants, une part non négligeable de cette ségrégation est verticale au sens où elle provient de l’accès inégal des hommes et des femmes à certaines catégories, certains corps et grades.

Suggested Citation

  • Mathieu Narcy & Joseph Lanfranchi & Chloé Duvivier, 2016. "Les sources de l’écart de rémunération entre femmes et hommes dans la fonction publique," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 488(1), pages 123-150.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_2016_num_488_1_10715
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.2016.10715
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.2016.10715
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    References listed on IDEAS

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