ISO 4217

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Short description: Standard that defines codes for the representation of currencies

An airline ticket showing the price with ISO 4217 code "EUR" (bottom left) and not with euro currency sign "€"

ISO 4217 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines alpha codes and numeric codes for the representation of currencies and provides information about the relationships between individual currencies and their minor units. This data is published in three tables:[1]

  • Table A.1 – Current currency & funds code list[1]
  • Table A.2 – Current funds codes[1]
  • Table A.3 – List of codes for historic denominations of currencies & funds[1]

The first edition of ISO 4217 was published in 1978. The tables, history and ongoing discussion are maintained by SIX Group on behalf of ISO and the Swiss Association for Standardization.[2]

The ISO 4217 code list is used in banking and business globally. In many countries, the ISO 4217 alpha codes for the more common currencies are so well known publicly that exchange rates published in newspapers or posted in banks use only these to delineate the currencies, instead of translated currency names or ambiguous currency symbols. ISO 4217 alpha codes are used on airline tickets and international train tickets to remove any ambiguity about the price.

History

In 1973, the ISO Technical Committee 68 decided to develop codes for the representation of currencies and funds for use in any application of trade, commerce or banking. At the 17th session (February 1978), the related United Nations /ECE Group of Experts agreed that the three-letter alphabetic codes for International Standard ISO 4217, "Codes for the representation of currencies and funds", would be suitable for use in international trade.

Over time, new currencies are created and old currencies are discontinued. Such changes usually originate from the formation of new countries, treaties between countries on shared currencies or monetary unions, or redenomination from an existing currency due to excessive inflation. As a result, the list of codes must be updated from time to time. The ISO 4217 maintenance agency is responsible for maintaining the list of codes.[3]

Types of codes

A list of exchange rates for various base currencies given by a money changer in Thailand, with the Thailand Baht as the counter (or quote) currency. Note the Korean currency code should be KRW.

National currencies

In the case of national currencies, the first two letters of the alpha code are the two letters of the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code and the third is usually the initial of the currency's main unit.[4] So Japan 's currency code is JPY: "JP" for Japan and "Y" for yen. This eliminates the problem caused by the names dollar, franc, peso and pound being used in dozens of countries, each having significantly differing values. While in most cases the ISO code resembles an abbreviation of the currency's full English name, this is not always the case, as currencies such as the Algerian dinar, Aruban florin, Cayman dollar, renminbi, sterling and the Swiss franc have been assigned codes which do not closely resemble abbreviations of the official currency names.

In some cases, the third letter of the alpha code is not the initial letter of a currency unit name. There may be a number of reasons for this:

  • It is considered important that the code of a completely new currency be highly mnemonic if possible. An example is the assignment of the code EUR to the euro. ISO 4217 amendment 94,[5] which created this code, states "The code element 'EU' has been reserved by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency for use within ISO 4217 where 'R' has been appended to make an acceptable mnemonic code." Here the R comes from the third letter in the word "euro".
  • The currency in question is replacing another currency of the same name, due to devaluation. So that the two currencies have different codes, a different third letter must be chosen for the code of the new currency. In some cases, the third letter is the initial for "new" in that country's language, to distinguish it from an older currency that was revalued; the code sometimes outlasts the usage of the term "new" itself (for example, the code for the Mexican peso is MXN). Another solution to a devalued currency having the same name as its predecessor is to choose a third letter which results in a 3-letter code with mnemonic significance. For example, the Russian ruble changed from RUR to RUB following a devaluation, where the B comes from the third letter in the word "ruble".[citation needed]

X currencies (funds, precious metals, supranationals, other)

In addition to codes for most active national currencies ISO 4217 provides codes for "supranational" currencies, procedural purposes, and several things which are "similar to" currencies:

  • Codes for the precious metals gold (XAU), silver (XAG), palladium (XPD), and platinum (XPT) are formed by prefixing the element's chemical symbol with the letter "X". These "currency units" are defined as one troy ounce of the specified metal.
  • The code XTS is reserved for use in testing.
  • The code XXX is used to denote a "transaction" involving no currency.
  • There are also codes specifying certain monetary instruments used in international finance, e.g. XDR is the symbol for special drawing right issued by the International Monetary Fund.
  • The codes for most supranational currencies, such as the East Caribbean dollar, the CFP franc, the CFA franc BEAC and the CFA franc BCEAO. The predecessor to the euro, the European Currency Unit (ECU), had the code XEU.

The use of an initial letter "X" for these purposes is facilitated by the ISO 3166 rule that no official country code beginning with X will ever be assigned.

The inclusion of EU (denoting the European Union) in the ISO 3166-1 reserved codes list allows the euro to be coded as EUR rather than assigned a code beginning with X, even though it is a supranational currency.

Numeric codes

ISO 4217 also assigns a three-digit numeric code to each currency. This numeric code is usually the same as the numeric code assigned to the corresponding country by ISO 3166-1. For example, USD (United States dollar ) has numeric code 840 which is also the ISO 3166-1 code for "US" (United States).

List of ISO 4217 currency codes

Active codes (list one)

The following is a list of active codes of official ISO 4217 currency names (As of April 2022). In the standard the values are called "alphabetic code", "numeric code", "minor unit", and "entity".

Active ISO 4217 currency codes[1]
Code Num D[lower-alpha 1] Currency Locations listed for this currency[lower-alpha 2]
AED 784 2 United Arab Emirates dirham  United Arab Emirates
AFN 971 2 Afghan afghani  Afghanistan
ALL 008 2 Albanian lek  Albania
AMD 051 2 Armenian dram  Armenia
ANG 532 2 Netherlands Antillean guilder  Curaçao (CW),  Sint Maarten (SX)
AOA 973 2 Angolan kwanza  Angola
ARS 032 2 Argentine peso  Argentina
AUD 036 2 Australian dollar  Australia,  Christmas Island (CX), Template:Country data Cocos (Keeling) Islands (CC), Template:Country data Heard Island and McDonald Islands (HM),  Kiribati (KI),  Nauru (NR),  Norfolk Island (NF),  Tuvalu (TV)
AWG 533 2 Aruban florin  Aruba
AZN 944 2 Azerbaijani manat  Azerbaijan
BAM 977 2 Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark  Bosnia and Herzegovina
BBD 052 2 Barbados dollar  Barbados
BDT 050 2 Bangladeshi taka  Bangladesh
BGN 975 2 Bulgarian lev  Bulgaria
BHD 048 3 Bahraini dinar  Bahrain
BIF 108 0 Burundian franc  Burundi
BMD 060 2 Bermudian dollar  Bermuda
BND 096 2 Brunei dollar  Brunei
BOB 068 2 Boliviano  Bolivia
BOV 984 2 Bolivian Mvdol (funds code)  Bolivia
BRL 986 2 Brazilian real  Brazil
BSD 044 2 Bahamian dollar  Bahamas
BTN 064 2 Bhutanese ngultrum  Bhutan
BWP 072 2 Botswana pula  Botswana
BYN 933 2 Belarusian ruble  Belarus
BZD 084 2 Belize dollar  Belize
CAD 124 2 Canadian dollar  Canada
CDF 976 2 Congolese franc  Democratic Republic of the Congo
CHE 947 2 WIR euro (complementary currency)   Switzerland
CHF 756 2 Swiss franc   Switzerland,  Liechtenstein (LI)
CHW 948 2 WIR franc (complementary currency)   Switzerland
CLF 990 4 Unidad de Fomento (funds code)  Chile
CLP 152 0 Chilean peso  Chile
CNY 156 2 Renminbi[6]  China
COP 170 2 Colombian peso  Colombia
COU 970 2[7] Unidad de Valor Real (UVR) (funds code)[7]  Colombia
CRC 188 2 Costa Rican colon  Costa Rica
CUP 192 2 Cuban peso  Cuba
CVE 132 2 Cape Verdean escudo  Cabo Verde
CZK 203 2 Czech koruna  Czechia[8]
DJF 262 0 Djiboutian franc  Djibouti
DKK 208 2 Danish krone  Denmark,  Faroe Islands (FO),  Greenland (GL)
DOP 214 2 Dominican peso  Dominican Republic
DZD 012 2 Algerian dinar  Algeria
EGP 818 2 Egyptian pound  Egypt
ERN 232 2 Eritrean nakfa  Eritrea
ETB 230 2 Ethiopian birr  Ethiopia
EUR 978 2 Euro
  1. REDIRECT Template:Country data Åland
(AX),  European Union (EU),  Andorra (AD)[lower-alpha 3],  Austria (AT),  Belgium (BE),  Croatia (HR),  Cyprus (CY),  Estonia (EE),  Finland (FI),  France (FR),  French Guiana (GF), Template:Country data French Southern and Antarctic Lands (TF),  Germany (DE),  Greece (GR),  Guadeloupe (GP),  Ireland (IE),  Italy (IT),  Kosovo (XK)[lower-alpha 4],  Latvia (LV),  Lithuania (LT),  Luxembourg (LU),  Malta (MT),  Martinique (MQ),  Mayotte (YT),  Monaco (MC)[lower-alpha 3],  Montenegro (ME)[lower-alpha 4],  Netherlands (NL),  Portugal (PT),  Réunion (RE),  Saint Barthélemy (BL),  Saint Martin (MF),  Saint Pierre and Miquelon (PM),  San Marino (SM)[lower-alpha 3],  Slovakia (SK),  Slovenia (SI),  Spain (ES),   Vatican City (VA)[lower-alpha 3]
FJD 242 2 Fiji dollar  Fiji
FKP 238 2 Falkland Islands pound  Falkland Islands (pegged to GBP 1:1)
GBP 826 2 Pound sterling  United Kingdom,  Isle of Man (IM, see Manx pound),  Jersey (JE, see Jersey pound),  Guernsey (GG, see Guernsey pound),  Tristan da Cunha (SH-TA)
GEL 981 2 Georgian lari  Georgia
GHS 936 2 Ghanaian cedi  Ghana
GIP 292 2 Gibraltar pound  Gibraltar (pegged to GBP 1:1)
GMD 270 2 Gambian dalasi  Gambia
GNF 324 0 Guinean franc  Guinea
GTQ 320 2 Guatemalan quetzal  Guatemala
GYD 328 2 Guyanese dollar  Guyana
HKD 344 2 Hong Kong dollar  Hong Kong
HNL 340 2 Honduran lempira  Honduras
HTG 332 2 Haitian gourde  Haiti
HUF 348 2 Hungarian forint  Hungary
IDR 360 2 Indonesian rupiah  Indonesia
ILS 376 2 Israeli new shekel  Israel
INR 356 2 Indian rupee  India,  Bhutan
IQD 368 3 Iraqi dinar  Iraq
IRR 364 2 Iranian rial  Iran
ISK 352 0 Icelandic króna (plural: krónur)  Iceland
JMD 388 2 Jamaican dollar  Jamaica
JOD 400 3 Jordanian dinar  Jordan
JPY 392 0 Japanese yen  Japan
KES 404 2 Kenyan shilling  Kenya
KGS 417 2 Kyrgyzstani som  Kyrgyzstan
KHR 116 2 Cambodian riel  Cambodia
KMF 174 0 Comoro franc  Comoros
KPW 408 2 North Korean won  North Korea
KRW 410 0[lower-alpha 5] South Korean won  South Korea
KWD 414 3 Kuwaiti dinar  Kuwait
KYD 136 2 Cayman Islands dollar  Cayman Islands
KZT 398 2 Kazakhstani tenge  Kazakhstan
LAK 418 2 Lao kip  Laos
LBP 422 2 Lebanese pound  Lebanon
LKR 144 2 Sri Lankan rupee  Sri Lanka
LRD 430 2 Liberian dollar  Liberia
LSL 426 2 Lesotho loti  Lesotho
LYD 434 3 Libyan dinar  Libya
MAD 504 2 Moroccan dirham  Morocco,  Western Sahara
MDL 498 2 Moldovan leu  Moldova
MGA 969 2[lower-alpha 6] Malagasy ariary  Madagascar
MKD 807 2 Macedonian denar  North Macedonia
MMK 104 2 Myanmar kyat  Myanmar
MNT 496 2 Mongolian tögrög  Mongolia
MOP 446 2 Macanese pataca  Macau
MRU 929 2[lower-alpha 6][10] Mauritanian ouguiya  Mauritania
MUR 480 2 Mauritian rupee  Mauritius
MVR 462 2 Maldivian rufiyaa  Maldives
MWK 454 2 Malawian kwacha  Malawi
MXN 484 2 Mexican peso  Mexico
MXV 979 2 Mexican Unidad de Inversion (UDI) (funds code)  Mexico
MYR 458 2 Malaysian ringgit  Malaysia
MZN 943 2 Mozambican metical  Mozambique
NAD 516 2 Namibian dollar  Namibia (pegged to ZAR 1:1)
NGN 566 2 Nigerian naira  Nigeria
NIO 558 2 Nicaraguan córdoba  Nicaragua
NOK 578 2 Norwegian krone  Norway,  Svalbard and Template:Country data Jan Mayen (SJ), Template:Country data Bouvet Island (BV)
NPR 524 2 Nepalese rupee    Nepal
NZD 554 2 New Zealand dollar  New Zealand,  Cook Islands (CK),  Niue (NU),  Pitcairn Islands (PN; see also Pitcairn Islands dollar),  Tokelau (TK)
OMR 512 3 Omani rial  Oman
PAB 590 2 Panamanian balboa  Panama
PEN 604 2 Peruvian sol  Peru
PGK 598 2 Papua New Guinean kina  Papua New Guinea
PHP 608 2 Philippine peso[11]  Philippines
PKR 586 2 Pakistani rupee  Pakistan
PLN 985 2 Polish złoty  Poland
PYG 600 0 Paraguayan guaraní  Paraguay
QAR 634 2 Qatari riyal  Qatar
RON 946 2 Romanian leu  Romania
RSD 941 2 Serbian dinar  Serbia
RUB 643 2 Russian ruble  Russia
RWF 646 0 Rwandan franc  Rwanda
SAR 682 2 Saudi riyal  Saudi Arabia
SBD 090 2 Solomon Islands dollar  Solomon Islands
SCR 690 2 Seychelles rupee  Seychelles
SDG 938 2 Sudanese pound  Sudan
SEK 752 2 Swedish krona (plural: kronor)  Sweden
SGD 702 2 Singapore dollar  Singapore
SHP 654 2 Saint Helena pound  Saint Helena (SH-SH), File:The Flag of Ascension Island.svg Ascension Island (SH-AC)
SLE 925 2 Sierra Leonean leone (new leone)[12][13][14]  Sierra Leone
SLL 694 2 Sierra Leonean leone (old leone)[12][13][14][15]  Sierra Leone
SOS 706 2 Somalian shilling  Somalia
SRD 968 2 Surinamese dollar  Suriname
SSP 728 2 South Sudanese pound  South Sudan
STN 930 2[16] São Tomé and Príncipe dobra  São Tomé and Príncipe
SVC 222 2 Salvadoran colón  El Salvador
SYP 760 2 Syrian pound  Syria
SZL 748 2 Swazi lilangeni  Eswatini[11]
THB 764 2 Thai baht  Thailand
TJS 972 2 Tajikistani somoni  Tajikistan
TMT 934 2 Turkmenistan manat  Turkmenistan
TND 788 3 Tunisian dinar  Tunisia
TOP 776 2 Tongan paTemplate:Fakau'aanga  Tonga
TRY 949 2 Turkish lira  Turkey
TTD 780 2 Trinidad and Tobago dollar  Trinidad and Tobago
TWD 901 2 New Taiwan dollar  Taiwan
TZS 834 2 Tanzanian shilling  Tanzania
UAH 980 2 Ukrainian hryvnia  Ukraine
UGX 800 0 Ugandan shilling  Uganda
USD 840 2 United States dollar  United States,  American Samoa (AS),  British Indian Ocean Territory (IO) (also uses GBP),  British Virgin Islands (VG),  Caribbean Netherlands (BQ – Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba),  Ecuador (EC),  El Salvador (SV),  Guam (GU),  Marshall Islands (MH),  Federated States of Micronesia (FM),  Northern Mariana Islands (MP),  Palau (PW),  Panama (PA) (as well as Panamanian Balboa),  Puerto Rico (PR),  Timor-Leste (TL),  Turks and Caicos Islands (TC),  U.S. Virgin Islands (VI), Template:Country data United States Minor Outlying Islands (UM)
USN 997 2 United States dollar (next day) (funds code)  United States
UYI 940 0 Uruguay Peso en Unidades Indexadas (URUIURUI) (funds code)  Uruguay
UYU 858 2 Uruguayan peso  Uruguay
UYW 927 4 Unidad previsional[17]  Uruguay
UZS 860 2 Uzbekistani sum  Uzbekistan
VED 926 2 Venezuelan digital bolívar[18]  Venezuela
VES 928 2 Venezuelan sovereign bolívar[11]  Venezuela
VND 704 0 Vietnamese đồng  Vietnam
VUV 548 0 Vanuatu vatu  Vanuatu
WST 882 2 Samoan tala  Samoa
XAF 950 0 CFA franc BEAC  Cameroon (CM),  Central African Republic (CF),  Republic of the Congo (CG),  Chad (TD),  Equatorial Guinea (GQ),  Gabon (GA)
XAG 961 . Silver (one troy ounce)
XAU 959 . Gold (one troy ounce)
XBA 955 . European Composite Unit (EURCO) (bond market unit)
XBB 956 . European Monetary Unit (E.M.U.-6) (bond market unit)
XBC 957 . European Unit of Account 9 (E.U.A.-9) (bond market unit)
XBD 958 . European Unit of Account 17 (E.U.A.-17) (bond market unit)
XCD 951 2 East Caribbean dollar  Anguilla (AI),  Antigua and Barbuda (AG),  Dominica (DM),  Grenada (GD),  Montserrat (MS),  Saint Kitts and Nevis (KN),  Saint Lucia (LC),  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (VC)
XDR 960 . Special drawing rights International Monetary Fund
XOF 952 0 CFA franc BCEAO  Benin (BJ),  Burkina Faso (BF),  Côte d'Ivoire (CI),  Guinea-Bissau (GW),  Mali (ML),  Niger (NE),  Senegal (SN),  Togo (TG)
XPD 964 . Palladium (one troy ounce)
XPF 953 0 CFP franc (franc Pacifique) French territories of the Pacific Ocean:  French Polynesia (PF),  New Caledonia (NC),  Wallis and Futuna (WF)
XPT 962 . Platinum (one troy ounce)
XSU 994 . SUCRE Unified System for Regional Compensation (SUCRE)[19]
XTS 963 . Code reserved for testing
XUA 965 . ADB Unit of Account African Development Bank[20]
XXX 999 . No currency
YER 886 2 Yemeni rial  Yemen
ZAR 710 2 South African rand  Eswatini,  Lesotho,  Namibia,  South Africa
ZMW 967 2 Zambian kwacha  Zambia
ZWL 932 2 Zimbabwean dollar (fifth)[lower-alpha 7]  Zimbabwe

According to UN/CEFACT recommendation 9, paragraphs 8–9 ECE/TRADE/203, 1996:[21]

8. In applications where monetary resources associated with a currency (i.e. funds) need not be specified and where a field identifier indicating currency is used, the first two (leftmost) characters are sufficient to identify a currency—example: US for United States dollars for general, unspecified purposes where a field identifier indicating currency is present. (A field identifier can be a preprinted field heading in an aligned document or a similarly-agreed application in electronic transmission of data.)
9. In applications where there is a need to distinguish between types of currencies, or where funds are required as in the banking environment, or where there is no field identifier, the third (rightmost) character of the alphabetic code is an indicator, preferably mnemonic, derived from the name of the major currency unit or fund—example: USD for general, unspecified purposes; USN for United States dollar next-day funds, and USS for funds which are immediately available for Federal Reserve transfer, withdrawal in cash or transfer in like funds (same-day funds). Since there is no need for such a distinction in international trade applications, the funds codes have not been included in the Annex to the present Recommendation.

Historical codes

A number of currencies had official ISO 4217 currency codes and currency names until their replacement by another currency. The table below shows the ISO currency codes of former currencies and their common names (which do not always match the ISO 4217 names). That table has been introduced end 1988 by ISO.[22]

Historical ISO 4217 currency codes[1]
Code Num D[lower-alpha 1] Currency From Until Replaced by
ADP 020 0 Andorran peseta 1869 1999-01-01 EUR
AFA 004 2 Afghan afghani 1925 2003 AFN
ALK 008 . Old Albanian lek 1946 1965
AOK 024 0 Angolan kwanza 1977-01-08 1990-09-24 AON (AOA)
AON 024 0 Angolan novo kwanza 1990-09-25 1995-06-30 AOR (AOA)
AOR 982 0 Angolan kwanza reajustado 1995-07-01 1999-11-30 AOA
ARA 032 2 Argentine austral 1985-06-15 1991-12-31 ARS
ARP 032 2 Argentine peso argentino 1983-06-06 1985-06-14 ARA (ARS)
ARY 032 . Argentine peso ley January 1970 1983-06-06 ARP (ARS)
ATS 040 2 Austrian schilling 1945 1999-01-01 EUR
AYM[lower-alpha 8] 945 0 Azerbaijani manat
AZM 031 2 Azerbaijani manat 1992-08-15 2006-01-01 AZN
BAD 070 2 Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar 1992-07-01 1998-02-04 BAM
BEC 993 . Belgian convertible franc (funds code) 1990-05-01[25]
BEF 056 2 Belgian franc 1832 1999-01-01 EUR
BEL 992 . Belgian financial franc (funds code)
BGJ 100 . Bulgarian lev (first) 1881 1952 BGK
BGK 100 . Bulgarian lev (second) 1952 1962 BGL
BGL 100 2 Bulgarian lev (third) 1962 1999-08-31 BGN
BOP 068 2 Bolivian peso 1963-01-01 1987-01-01 BOB
BRB 076 2 Brazilian cruzeiro 1967 1986-02-28 BRC (BRL)
BRC 076 2 Brazilian cruzado 1986-02-28 1989-01-15 BRN (BRL)
BRE 076 2 Brazilian cruzeiro 1990-03-15 1993-08-01 BRR (BRL)
BRN 076 2 Brazilian cruzado novo 1989-01-16 1990-03-15 BRE (BRL)
BRR 987 2 Brazilian cruzeiro real 1993-08-01 1994-06-30 BRL
BUK 104 . Burmese kyat MMK
BYB 112 2 Belarusian ruble 1992 1999-12-31 BYR (BYN)
BYR 974 0 Belarusian ruble 2000-01-01 2016-06-30 BYN
CHC 948 2 WIR franc (for electronic currency) 2004-12 CHW[26]
CSD 891 2 Serbian dinar 2003-07-03 2006-10-25[27] RSD
CSJ 203 . Czechoslovak koruna (second) 1953 CSK
CSK 200 Czechoslovak koruna 1953 1993-02-08 CZK/SKK (CZK/EUR)
CUC 931 2 Cuban convertible peso 2022 CUP
CYP 196 2 Cypriot pound 1879 2006-01-01 EUR
DDM 278 East German mark 1948-06-21 1990-07-01 DEM (EUR)
DEM 276[lower-alpha 9] 2 German mark 1948 1999-01-01 EUR
ECS 218 0 Ecuadorian sucre 1884 2000-02-29 USD
ECV 983 2 Ecuador Unidad de Valor Constante (funds code) 1993 2000-02-29 —
EEK 233 2 Estonian kroon 1992 2010-01-01 EUR
ESA 996 Spanish peseta (account A) 1978 1981 ESP (EUR)
ESB 995 Spanish peseta (account B) ? 1994-12 ESP (EUR)
ESP 724 0 Spanish peseta 1869 1999-01-01 EUR
FIM 246 2 Finnish markka 1860 1999-01-01 EUR
FRF 250 2 French franc 1960 1999-01-01 EUR
GEK 268 0 Georgian kuponi 1993-04-05 1995-10-02 GEL
GHC 288 2 Ghanaian cedi 1967 2007-07-01 GHS
GHP 939 2 Ghanaian cedi 2007-06-18[29] GHS
GNE 324 Guinean syli 1971 1985-12-31 GNF
GNS 324 . Guinean syli 1971 1985 GNF
GQE 226 Equatorial Guinean ekwele 1975 1985-12-31 XAF
GRD 300 0, 2 Greek drachma 1954-05-01[30] 2001-01-01[30] EUR
GWE 624 . Guinean escudo GWP
GWP 624 2 Guinea-Bissau peso 1975 1997-05-31 XOF
HRD 191 2 Croatian dinar 1991-12-23 1994-05-30 HRK
HRK 191 2 Croatian kuna 1994-05-30 2023-01-01 EUR[31]
IEP 372 2 Irish pound 1938 1999-01-01 EUR
ILP 376 3, 2 Israeli pound 1948 1980-02-20 ILR (ILS)
ILR 376 2 Israeli shekel 1980-02-24 1985-12-31 ILS
ISJ 352 2 Icelandic króna 1922 1981-06-30 ISK
ITL 380 0 Italian lira 1861 1999-01-01 EUR
LAJ 418 Lao kip 1965 1979-12-31 LAK
LSM 426 . Lesotho loti
LTL 440 2 Lithuanian litas 1993 2015-01-01 EUR
LTT 440 2 Lithuanian talonas[32] LTL
LUC 989 . Luxembourg convertible franc (funds code)
LUF 442 2 Luxembourg franc 1944 1999-01-01 EUR
LUL 988 . Luxembourg financial franc (funds code)
LVL 428 2 Latvian lats 1993-03-05 2014-01-01 EUR
LVR 428 2 Latvian rublis 1992-05-04 1993-03-05 LVL
MGF 450 0 Malagasy franc 1963-07-01 2005-01-01 MGA
MLF 466 Malian franc 1962 1984-01-01 XOF
MRO 478 2 Mauritanian ouguiya 1973-06-29 2018-01-01 MRU
MTL 470 2 Maltese lira 1972-05-26[33] 2006-01-01 EUR
MTP 470 . Maltese pound MTL
MVQ 462 Maldivian rupee ? 1981-12-31 MVR
MXP 484 Mexican peso ? 1993-03-31 MXN
MZE 508 2 Mozambican escudo 1914 1980 MZN
MZM 508 2 Mozambican metical 1980 2006-06-30 MZN
NIC 558 2 Nicaraguan córdoba 1988 1990-10-31 NIO
NLG 528 2 Dutch guilder 1810s 1999-01-01 EUR
PEH 604 Peruvian old sol 1863 1985-02-01 PEI (PEN)
PEI 604 Peruvian inti 1985-02-01 1991-10-01 PEN
PES 604 2 Peruvian sol 1863 1985 PEI[34]
PLZ 616 2 Polish zloty 1950-10-30 1994-12-31 PLN
PTE 620 0 Portuguese escudo 1911-05-22 1999-01-01 EUR
RHD 716 2 Rhodesian dollar 1970 1980 ZWC
ROK 642 . Romanian leu (second) 1947 1952 ROL
ROL 642 0 Romanian leu (third) 1952-01-28 2005 RON
RUR 810 2 Russian ruble 1992 1997-12-31 RUB
SDD 736 2 Sudanese dinar 1992-06-08 2007-01-10 SDG
SDP 736 Sudanese old pound 1956 1992-06-08 SDD (SDG)
SIT 705 2 Slovenian tolar 1991-10-08 2005-01-01 EUR
SKK 703 2 Slovak koruna 1993-02-08 2007-01-01 EUR
SRG 740 2 Surinamese guilder 1942 2004 SRD
STD 678 2 São Tomé and Príncipe dobra 1977 2018-04-01 STN
SUR 810 Soviet Union ruble 1961 1991-12-26 RUR (RUB/AMD/AZN/BYN/EUR/GEL/KZT/KGS/MDL/TJS/TMT/UAH/UZS)
TJR 762 0 Tajikistani ruble 1995-05-10 2000-10-30 TJS
TMM 795 2 Turkmenistani manat 1993-11-1 2008-12-31 TMT
TPE 626 0 Portuguese Timorese escudo 1959 1976 USD
TRL 792 0 Turkish lira 1923 2005-12-31 TRY
UAK 804 2 Ukrainian karbovanets 1992-10-1 1996-09-01 UAH
UGS 800 Ugandan shilling 1966 1987-12-31 UGX
UGW 800 Old Shilling 1989 1990 Uganda
USS 998 2 United States dollar (same day) (funds code)[35] ? 2014-03-28[36] —
UYN 858 2 Uruguay peso 1896 1975-07-01 UYP
UYP 858 Uruguay new peso 1975-07-01[37] 1993-03-01 UYU
VEB 862 2 Venezuelan bolívar 1879-03-31 2008-01-01 VEF (VES)
VEF 937 2 Venezuelan bolívar fuerte 2008-01-01 2018-08-20[11] VES
VNC 704 . Old Vietnamese dong
XEU 954 0 European Currency Unit 1979-03-13 1998-12-31 EUR
XFO ... Gold franc (special settlement currency) 1803 2003 XDR
XFU ... . UIC franc (special settlement currency) ? 2013-11-07[38] EUR
XRE ... . RINET funds code[39]
YDD 720 South Yemeni dinar 1965 1996-06-11 YER
YUD 890 2 Yugoslav dinar 1966-01-01 1989-12-31 YUN (MKD/RSD/EUR/HRK/BAM)
YUM 891 2 Yugoslav dinar 1994-01-24 2003-07-02 CSD (RSD/EUR)
YUN 890 2 Yugoslav dinar 1990-01-01 1992-06-30 YUR (MKD/RSD/EUR/HRK/BAM)
ZAL 991 2 South African financial rand (funds code) 1985-09-01 1995-03-13 —
ZMK 894 2 Zambian kwacha 1968-01-16[40] 2013-01-01 ZMW
ZRN 180 2 Zairean new zaire 1993 1997 CDF
ZRZ 180 2 Zairean zaire 1967 1993 ZRN (CDF)
ZWC 716 2 Rhodesian dollar 1970-02-17 1980 ZWD (USD/ZWL)
ZWD 716 2 Zimbabwean dollar (first) 1980-04-18 2006-07-31 ZWN (USD/ZWL)
ZWN 942 2 Zimbabwean dollar (second) 2006-08-01 2008-07-31 ZWR (USD/ZWL)
ZWR 935 2 Zimbabwean dollar (third) 2008-08-01 2009-02-02 ZWL[lower-alpha 7] (USD/ZWL)

Currency details

Minor unit fractions

The 2008 (7th) edition of ISO 4217 says the following about minor units of currency:

Requirements sometimes arise for values to be expressed in terms of minor units of currency. When this occurs, it is necessary to know the decimal relationship that exists between the currency concerned and its minor unit. This information has therefore been included in this International Standard and is shown in the column headed "Minor unit" in Tables A.1 and A.2; "0" means that there is no minor unit for that currency, whereas "1", "2" and "3" signify a ratio of 10:1, 100:1 and 1000:1 respectively. The names of the minor units are not given.

Examples for the ratios of 100:1 and 1000:1 include the United States dollar and the Bahraini dinar, for which the column headed "Minor unit" shows "2" and "3", respectively. (As of 2021), two currencies have non-decimal ratios, the Mauritanian ouguiya and the Malagasy ariary; in both cases the ratio is 5:1. For these, the "Minor unit" column shows the number "2". Some currencies, such as the Burundian franc, do not in practice have any minor currency unit at all. These show the number "0", as with currencies whose minor units are unused due to negligible value.[citation needed]

Code position in amount formatting

The ISO standard does not regulate either the spacing, prefixing or suffixing in usage of currency codes. The style guide of the European Union's Publication Office declares that, for texts issued by or through the Commission in English, Irish, Latvian and Maltese, the ISO 4217 code is to be followed by a "hard space" (non-breaking space) and the amount:[41]

a sum of EUR 30

and for texts in Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Lithuanian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish and Swedish the order is reversed; the amount is followed by a non-breaking space and the ISO 4217 code:

une somme de 30 EUR

As illustrated, the order is determined not by the currency but by the native language of the document context.

USD, USN: two US currency codes

The US dollar has two codes assigned: USD and USN ("US dollar next day"). The USS (same day) code is not in use any longer, and was removed from the list of active ISO 4217 codes in March 2014.

Non ISO 4217 currencies

Currencies without ISO 4217 currency codes

A number of active currencies do not have an ISO 4217 code, because they may be:

  • (1) a minor currency pegged at par (1:1) to a larger currency, even if independently regulated,
  • (2) a currency only used for commemorative banknotes or coins, or
  • (3) a currency of an unrecognized or partially recognized state. These currencies include:
  • Abkhazian apsar
  • Alderney pound (1:1 pegged to sterling)
  • Artsakh dram
  • Cook Islands dollar (1:1 pegged to the New Zealand dollar)
  • Faroese króna (1:1 pegged to the Danish krone)
  • Guernsey pound (1:1 pegged to sterling)
  • Isle of Man pound (1:1 pegged to sterling)
  • Jersey pound (1:1 pegged to sterling)
  • Kiribati dollar (1:1 pegged to the Australian dollar)
  • Maltese scudo (1:0.24 pegged to the euro[42])
  • Real Time Gross Settlement dollar (ZWL occasionally used)
  • Sahrawi peseta (pegged to the euro), sometimes given the code "EHP" but this has not been assigned by the ISO
  • Somaliland shilling (state of issue is viewed as de jure part of Somalia, exchange rate not fixed)
  • Transnistrian ruble (state of issue is viewed as de jure part of Moldova)
  • Tuvaluan dollar (1:1 pegged to the Australian dollar)
  • Zimbabwean bonds

See Category:Fixed exchange rate for a list of all currently pegged currencies.

Non-standard codes

Despite having no presence or status in the standard, three letter acronyms that resemble ISO 4217 coding are sometimes used locally or commercially to represent de facto currencies or currency instruments.

Active abbreviations resembling ISO 4217 currency codes
Unofficial
code		 ISO 4217
code		 D[lower-alpha 1] Currency Locations using this currency Notes
BDS[43][lower-alpha 10] BBD 2 Barbados dollar Barbados The Government of Barbados and Central Bank of Barbados sometimes use the abbreviation "BDS" rather than the official ISO 4217 "BBD". BDS conflicts with ISO 4217, because BD is reserved for Bangladesh.
CNH[44] N/A 2 Renminbi (offshore) Hong Kong The code CNH is used to represent the Renminbi in offshore trading, especially offshore trading involving Hong Kong. See Offshore Renminbi (CNH). The USD/CNY rate and the USD/CNH rate are, usually, different.[45]
CNT[46] N/A 2 Renminbi (offshore) Taiwan The code CNT is used to represent the Renminbi in offshore trading, especially offshore trading involving Taiwan. See Other markets.
GGP[47] N/A 2 Guernsey pound Guernsey
IMP[47] N/A 2 Manx pound Isle of Man
JEP[47] N/A 2 Jersey pound Jersey
KID[48] N/A 2 Kiribati dollar Kiribati
NIS[49] ILS 2 Israeli shekel Israel NIS stands for New Israeli Shekel, the currency that replaced the first Israeli shekel due to hyperinflation. NIS conflicts with ISO 4217, because NI stands for Nicaragua.
NTD[50] TWD 2 New Taiwan dollar Taiwan
PRB[51] N/A 2 Transnistrian ruble Transnistria Transnistria is an unrecognised state and is de facto rather than de jure independent. PRB conflicts with ISO 4217, because PR stands for Puerto Rico.
SLS[52] N/A 2 Somaliland shilling Somaliland Somaliland is an unrecognised state and is de facto rather than de jure independent. SLS conflicts with ISO 4217, because SL stands for Sierra Leone.
STG[53] GBP 2 Sterling United Kingdom STG stands for STerlinG, the official name of the United Kingdom's currency, of which the pound is the main unit. While not an ISO code, "STG" is nonetheless the CHAPS real-time gross settlement and clearing code for sterling recognized by SWIFT. It is listed in ISO 20022 as a registered external code used by SWIFT.[54] STG conflicts with ISO 4217, because ST stands for São Tomé and Príncipe.
RMB CNY 2 Renminbi Mainland China RMB stands for RenMinBi, the official name of the Chinese currency, of which the yuan is the main unit. RMB conflicts with ISO 4217 because RM is reserved for Madagascar.
TVD[47] N/A 2 Tuvalu dollar Tuvalu TV is the ISO 3166 two-letter code for Tuvalu
ZWB[55] N/A 2 Zimbabwean bonds Zimbabwe Also known as the RTGS Dollar.

The following non-ISO codes were used in the past.

Historical non-ISO 4217 currency codes
Unoffi­cial
code		 ISO 4217
code		 D[lower-alpha 1] Currency Locations that used this currency Notes
ADF N/A 2 Andorran franc Andorra De facto currency used until January 1999, when it was replaced by the euro (EUR).[56]
ARL ARY 2 Argentine peso ley Argentina Used from January 1970 to May 1983, when it was replaced by the Argentine peso argentino (ARP).[57]
MAF[lower-alpha 11] N/A 2 Malian franc Mali Used from 1962 to 1984. The code MAF was formerly noted in ISO 4217, but was amended to MLF on 2007-06-18.[lower-alpha 11]
MCF N/A 2 Monégasque franc Monaco Used until January 1999, when it was replaced by the euro (EUR).[60]
MKN N/A first denar North Macedonia Used from January 1990 through 1993, when it was replaced by the second denar (MKD).[61]
SML N/A 0 San Marinese lira San Marino Used until January 1999, when it was replaced by the euro (EUR).[62]
VAL N/A 0 Vatican lira Vatican City Used until January 1999, when it was replaced by the euro (EUR).[63]
YUG N/A 2 Yugoslav dinar Yugoslavia Re-denomination used in January 1994 until it was replaced by the novi dinar (YUM).[64]
YUO N/A 2 Yugoslav dinar Yugoslavia Re-denomination used from October–December 1993, when it was again re-denominated (YUG).[65]
YUR N/A 2 Reformed Yugoslav dinar Yugoslavia[lower-alpha 12] Revaluation used from July 1992 to September 1993 until re-denomination (YUO).[66]

Unofficial codes for minor units of currency

Minor units of currency (also known as currency subdivisions or currency subunits) are often used for pricing and trading stocks and other assets, such as energy,[67] but are not assigned codes by ISO 4217. Two conventions for representing minor units are in widespread use:

  • Replacing the third letter of the ISO 4217 Code of the parent currency with an upper-case "X". Examples are GBX[68][67][69] for penny sterling, USX[68] for the US Cent, EUX[68][67] for the Euro Cent.
  • Replacing the third letter of the ISO 4217 Code of the parent currency with the first letter of the name of a minor unit, using lower-case. Examples are GBp[70][69] for Penny Sterling, USc[70] for the US Cent, EUc[70] for the Euro Cent.

A third convention is similar to the second one but uses an upper-case letter, e.g. ZAC[71] for the South African Cent.

Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrencies have not been assigned an ISO 4217 code.[72] However, some cryptocurrencies and cryptocurrency exchanges use a three-letter acronym that resemble an ISO 4217 code.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 The number of digits after the decimal separator.
  2. ↑ Entities listed in the ISO 4217 standard. See the list of circulating currencies for de facto currency use.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Not part of the European Union, but uses euro via monetary agreement.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Adopted unilaterally, not an actual part of the eurozone.
  5. ↑ Jeon is defined as 1/100 won by the Bank of Korea Act, Article 47-2,[9] but it is not practically used and only used for exchange rates.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 The Malagasy ariary and the Mauritanian ouguiya are technically divided into five subunits (the iraimbilanja and khoum respectively) the coins display "1/5" on their face and are referred to as a "fifth" (Khoum/cinquième); These are not used in practice, but when written out, a single significant digit is used. E.g. 1.2 UM.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 The fifth Zimbabwean dollar, formerly the RTGS dollar until 24 June 2019, reuses ZWL: the fourth Zimbabwean dollar also used the code, from 2 February 2009 to 30 September 2015.
  8. ↑ Added on 2005-06-01 with an effective date of 2006-01-01,[23] but moved to the historic index and replaced by AZN on 2005-10-13 due to not complying with the currency coding standardization rules.[24]
  9. ↑ The numeric code for the German Mark was originally 280: it was changed to 276 on 16 April 1999 to align with ISO 3166-1.[28]
  10. ↑ The Government of Barbados and the Central Bank often use the International vehicle registration code code "BDS" instead of the ISO 4217 code "BBD". For example, the Central Bank uses the code "BDS$" for listing past exchange rates on its website.[43]
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Not compatible with ISO 4217, as currency codes beginning with MA are reserved to Morocco. However, formerly referred to in the list of historical currencies with a footnote stating that it is a "non ISO code".[58] Amended to MLF on 2007-06-18.[59]
  12. ↑ Croatia and Macedonia issued their own currencies before the 1992 dinar entered circulation. Bosnia and Herzegovina issued their own currency when the 1992 dinar entered circulation.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 ISO 4217 Standard definition:
  2. ↑ "Currency Code Services – ISO 4217 Maintenance Agency". https://www.currency-iso.org/en/home/amendments/secretariat.html. 
  3. ↑ "ISO 4217 Currency codes". ISO. https://www.iso.org/iso-4217-currency-codes.html. 
  4. ↑ "ISO 4217 – Currency Codes". 2015. https://www.iso.org/iso-4217-currency-codes.html. "The alphabetic code is based on another ISO standard, ISO 3166, which lists the codes for country names. The first two letters of the ISO 4217 three-letter code are the same as the code for the country name, and, where possible, the third letter corresponds to the first letter of the currency name." 
  5. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 94". https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_94.pdf. 
  6. ↑ "Renminbi Services". https://www.hsbc.com.hk/personal/renminbi-accounts-services.html. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Unidad de valor real (UVR) – Banco de la República de Colombia" (in es). https://www.banrep.gov.co/es/uvr. 
  8. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 163". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2017-06-09. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_163.pdf. 
  9. ↑ "Bank of Korea Act". Korea Legislation Research Institute. https://elaw.klri.re.kr/kor_service/lawView.do?hseq=47917&lang=ENG. 
  10. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 165". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2017-12-14. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_165.pdf. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 168". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2018-08-02. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_168.pdf. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 171". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2022-03-16. https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_171.pdf. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 172". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2022-06-27. https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl-currency-iso-amendment-172.pdf. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 173". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2022-09-23. https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl-currency-iso-amendment-173.pdf. 
  15. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 175". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2023-03-31. https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl-currency-iso-amendment-175.pdf. 
  16. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 164". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2017-09-22. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_164.pdf. 
  17. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 169". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2018-08-17. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_169.pdf. 
  18. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 170". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2021-10-01. https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_170.pdf. 
  19. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 148". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2010-08-17. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_148.pdf. 
  20. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 151". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2011-04-07. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_151.pdf. 
  21. ↑ "alphabetical code for the representation of currencies" (in en) (pdf). United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. January 1996. p. 2. https://unece.org/DAM/cefact/recommendations/rec09/rec09_ecetrd203.pdf#page=2. 
  22. ↑ Tysoe, P J (1989). "ISO 4217 - Currency Codes Table 3". ISO 4217 Maintenance agency secretariat. https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_24.pdf. "Telex on the new 'Table 3' of historic denominations of currencies, as issued with my letter of 14 December 1988." 
  23. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 127". 2005-06-01. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_127.pdf. 
  24. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 129". 2005-10-13. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_129.pdf. 
  25. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 31". 1990-03-26. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_31.pdf. 
  26. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 125". London: BSI Group. 2004-12-01. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_125.pdf. 
  27. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 134". London: BSI Group. 2006-10-25. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_134.pdf. 
  28. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 102". London: BSI Group. 1999-04-16. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_102.pdf. 
  29. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 139". London: BSI Group. 2007-06-18. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_139.pdf. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 "Greek drachma". Lisbon: Banco de Portugal. 15 October 2010. https://www.bportugal.pt/EstatisticasWEB/MetadataItens/greek_drachma.htm. 
  31. ↑ Obsolete 2023-01-01 "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 174". SIX Financial Information AG. 2 November 2022. https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl-currency-iso-amendment-174.pdf. Retrieved 2022-12-31. 
  32. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 50". 1992-12-10. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_50.pdf. 
  33. ↑ Sammut, Joseph (March 2004). "Malta coins along the years". https://coinsofmalta.com/Study/Maltacoinsalongtheyears.htm. 
  34. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 10". BSI Group. 1985-01-23. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_10.pdf. 
  35. ↑ "Current currency & funds code list". Swiss Association for Standardization. https://www.currency-iso.org/en/home/tables/table-a1.html. 
  36. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 158". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2014-03-28. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_158.pdf. 
  37. ↑ "Banco Central del Uruguay – Cambios de Unidad Monetaria – 1° de julio de 1975". https://www.bcu.gub.uy/Billetes%20y%20Monedas/Museo/Paginas/Cambios_Moneda.aspx. 
  38. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 157". Zurich: SIX Interbank Clearing. 2014-03-28. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_157.pdf. 
  39. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 105". London: BSI Group. 1999-11-12. https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_105.pdf. 
  40. ↑ "Bank of Zambia – Zambian Currency History". https://www.boz.zm/bankingcurrency_curencyhistory.htm. 
  41. ↑ "7.3.3. Rules for expressing monetary units". Interinstitutional style guide. Publications Office of the European Union. https://publications.europa.eu/code/en/en-370303.htm#position. 
  42. ↑ "The Order of Malta, A little history". https://www.orderofmalta.int/catalogue/38626/a-little-history/?lang=en. 
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 "Exchange Rates". https://www.centralbank.org.bb/research-publications/statistics/interest-rates-and-exchange-rates?page=3. 
  44. ↑ "China's currency: the RMB, CNY, CNH...". https://www.ecrresearch.com/chinas-currency-rmb-cny-cnh. 
  45. ↑ "CNH vs CNY: Differences Between the Two Yuan". https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/cnh-vs-cny-differences-between-two-yuan-2018-09-12. 
  46. ↑ "Taiwan launches offshore RMB". 30 August 2012. https://www.euromoney.com/article/b12kjn192ygbkz/taiwan-launches-offshore-rmb-paves-way-for-cnt-market. 
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 47.2 47.3 "Currency Table: Euro (EUR)". Newmarket, Ontario: XE.com Inc.. 10 August 2019. https://www.xe.com/currencytables/?from=EUR&date=2019-08-10. 
  48. ↑ Hammett, Mike (2001). Dictionary of International Trade Finance Terms. Canterbury: Financial World Publishing. p. 176. ISBN 978-085297-576-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=kmFzrWor3PAC&pg=PA176. Retrieved 29 November 2013. 
  49. ↑ "Bank of Israel - Currency". https://www.boi.org.il/en/Currency/Pages/Default.aspx. 
  50. ↑ Ma, Ying-jeou (27 November 2017). Chinese (Taiwan) Yearbook of International Law and Affairs, Volume 34 (2016). BRILL. ISBN 9789004359222. https://books.google.com/books?id=uoR1DwAAQBAJ&dq=NTD+%22new+taiwan+dollar%22&pg=PA194. 
  51. ↑ Saunders, Robert A. (20 September 2019). Historical Dictionary of the Russian Federation. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781538120484. https://books.google.com/books?id=21ynDwAAQBAJ&dq=PRB+%22ruble%22&pg=PA573. 
  52. ↑ "Somalia Market Update: February 2022 Update (Issued March 28, 2022) - Somalia | ReliefWeb". 28 March 2022. https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/somalia-market-update-february-2022-update-issued-march-28-2022. 
  53. ↑ "CHAPS ISO 20022 over SWIFT". https://www.swift.com/sites/default/files/files/chaps-getting-started-guide_v1_0.pdf. 
  54. ↑ "AllCodeSets". https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2022-03/externalcodesets_4q2021_v2_1.xlsx. 
  55. ↑ Efron, Arnoldo, ed (2018). "Zimbabwe". MRI Bankers' Guide to Foreign Currency. (90 ed.). Houston, Texas: Monetary Research Institute. p. 253. ISBN 978-0962933974. 
  56. ↑ "EU Vocabularies, Andorran franc". Publications Office of the European Union. 2022-03-16. https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/concept/-/resource?uri=https://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/currency/ADF. 
  57. ↑ "EU Vocabularies, Argentine peso argentino". Publications Office of the European Union. 2022-03-16. https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/concept/-/resource?uri=https://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/currency/ARP. 
  58. ↑ ISO 4217:2008. 2013. p. 31. https://archive.org/details/gov.in.is.15413.2013/page/n35/mode/2up. 
  59. ↑ "ISO 4217 Amendment Number 138". https://www.currency-iso.org/dam/downloads/dl_currency_iso_amendment_138.pdf. 
  60. ↑ "EU Vocabularies, Monegasque franc". Publications Office of the European Union. 2022-03-16. https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/concept/-/resource?uri=https://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/currency/MCF. 
  61. ↑ "EU Vocabularies, Denar A/93". Publications Office of the European Union. 2022-03-16. https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/concept/-/resource?uri=https://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/currency/MKN. 
  62. ↑ "EU Vocabularies, San Marinese lira". Publications Office of the European Union. 2022-03-16. https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/concept/-/resource?uri=https://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/currency/SML. 
  63. ↑ "EU Vocabularies, Vatican lira". Publications Office of the European Union. 2022-03-16. https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/concept/-/resource?uri=https://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/currency/VAL. 
  64. ↑ "EU Vocabularies, Yugoslav dinar". Publications Office of the European Union. 2022-03-16. https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/concept/-/resource?uri=https://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/currency/YUGnone  [refers to YUG].
  65. ↑ "EU Vocabularies, Yugoslav dinar". Publications Office of the European Union. 2022-03-16. https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/concept/-/resource?uri=https://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/currency/YUOnone  [refers to YUO].
  66. ↑ "EU Vocabularies, Yugoslav dinar". Publications Office of the European Union. 2022-03-16. https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/concept/-/resource?uri=https://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/currency/YURnone  [refers to YUR].
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 67.2 "The Transaction Reporting User Manual (TRUM), Section 7.3 (Data fields for quantity and price reporting), Field 17 (Currency)". https://kb.acer-remit.eu/category/trum/page/5/. 
  68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 68.2 "TRADEcho PreTrade SI Quote FIX Specification". https://docs.londonstockexchange.com/sites/default/files/documents/tradecho_pretrade_sl_quote_fix_specification_3_5_0_rev_a.pdf. 
  69. ↑ 69.0 69.1 "GBP". https://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/gbp.asp. 
  70. ↑ 70.0 70.1 70.2 "Currency Struct Reference, Member Enumeration Documentation". https://ref.onixs.biz/cpp-thomson-reuters-market-data-handler-guide/struct_onix_s_1_1_thomson_reuters_1_1_market_data_1_1_currency.html. 
  71. ↑ "What are Currency Options". https://www.jse.co.za/content/JSEBrochureItems/JSE%20Currency%20Options%20-%20April%202014.pdf. 
  72. ↑ "ISO 4217 Currency Codes". https://www.xe.com/iso4217.php. 

External links



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