Paper: Stage-by-stage Wavelet Optimization Refinement Diffusion Model for Sparse-View CT Reconstruction

Authors: Kai Xu; Shiyu Lu; Bin Huang; Weiwen Wu; Qiegen Liu
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10403850
IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging

The code and the algorithm are for non-comercial use only. Copyright 2024, School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University.

Diffusion model has emerged as a potential tool to tackle the challenge of sparse-view CT reconstruction, displaying superior performance compared to conventional methods. Nevertheless, these prevailing diffusion models predominantly focus on the sinogram or image domains, which can lead to instability during model training, potentially culminating in convergence towards local minimal solutions. The wavelet transform serves to disentangle image contents and features into distinct frequency-component bands at varying scales, adeptly capturing diverse directional structures. Employing the wavelet transform as a guiding sparsity prior significantly enhances the robustness of diffusion models. In this study, we present an innovative approach named the Stage-by-stage Wavelet Optimization Refinement Diffusion (SWORD) model for sparse-view CT reconstruction. Specifically, we establish a unified mathematical model integrating low-frequency and high-frequency generative models, achieving the solution with an optimization procedure. Furthermore, we perform the low-frequency and high-frequency generative models on wavelet’s decomposed components rather than the original sinogram, ensuring the stability of model training. Our method is rooted in established optimization theory, comprising three distinct stages, including low-frequency generation, high-frequency refinement and domain transform. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method outperformed existing state-of-the-art methods both quantitatively and qualitatively.

(a) The reference image, (b) FBP, (c) U-Net, (d) FBPConvNet, (e) patch-based DDPM, (f) GMSD, (g) SWORD.

Wavelet-based Full-frequency Diffusion Model (WFDM)

python main_wavelet.py --config=aapm_sin_ncsnpp_wavelet.py --workdir=exp_wavelet --mode=train --eval_folder=result

Wavelet-based High-frequency Diffusion Model (WHDM)

python main_3h.py --config=aapm_sin_ncsnpp_3h.py --workdir=exp_3h --mode=train --eval_folder=result

python PCsampling_demo.py

In file './Test_CT', 12 sparse-view CT data from AAPM Challenge Data Study.

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