Rename the font info in the metadata of your fonts, so they becomes a substitute for the original Noto CJK fonts.

You should have fontforge installed.

apt install fontforge
apt install python3-fontforge

Put your multi-weight ttf files under input folder, and rename them to something like ${STYLE}.ttf, where ${STYLE} can be anything from ["Regular", "Thin", "Light", "Medium", "Bold", "Black"].

Run python3 rename_fonts.py. The renamed fonts will be saved to ./output folder.