This project aims to control traffic at a busy square that experiences high traffic flow. It aims to regulate traffic efficiently and reduce congestion at the intersection by implementing a smart traffic light system.
The intersection has four roads from all directions: East, West, North, and South. Each road has its traffic light pole with three LEDs (Red, Yellow, Green). The traffic lights follow a sequence where only one direction has a green light at a time, while others show red or yellow lights.

Arduino Uno R3
Breadboard
12 LEDs (4 Red, 4 Yellow, 4 Green)
12 1kΩ resistors
25 Jumper Wires for Connections

Green light glows for 10 seconds.
Yellow light glows for 4 seconds as a transition phase.
Red light indicates a stop.

Traffic Flow Control is as follows:
● Initially, the East direction has a green light, allowing traffic from that direction.
● After 6 seconds, the Yellow light on the East starts to glow for 4 seconds to signal a transition.
● Subsequently, the East light turns Red, and the West direction light turns Green, allowing traffic from the West side.
● This sequence continues in all directions, ensuring smooth traffic flow.

The traffic light controller logic is implemented using Arduino Uno and programmed in C++ language. The Arduino code includes:

• Defining pin configurations for LEDs and resistors
• Implementing a traffic light sequence algorithm with appropriate delays for Green and Yellow lights.
• Controlling the flow of traffic lights based on predefined timings.

Arduino Uno's flexibility allows for easy prototyping and implementation of various projects. Arduino enables automation in traffic management systems, enhancing efficiency and reducing human intervention. Arduino boards are cost-effective solutions for developing smart systems like traffic light controllers. The Arduino code can be customized and updated as per specific traffic patterns or requirements.

● The Traffic Light Controller project demonstrates the practical application of Arduino in traffic management systems.
● This project contributes to safer and smoother urban transportation by efficiently controlling traffic flow and reducing congestion.
● Arduino's versatility and programmability make it an ideal platform for developing innovative solutions for modern-day challenges like traffic management.