When it comes to deciding whether the applicant’s profile is relevant to be granted with loan or not,banks have to look after many aspects. Predicting loan approval is a common application of machine learning in the financial industry. To create a machine learning model for loan approval prediction, I have followed steps below:

1. Data Collection and Preprocessing:

• Gather historical loan data, which should include both approved and denied loans.
• Clean and preprocess the data by handling missing values, encoding categorical variables, and scaling/normalizing numerical features.

2. Exploratory Data Analysis:

• Check the number of rows and columns, data types, and the presence of missing values.
• Examine the distribution of the target variable, which is typically whether a loan was approved or denied. Creating a bar plot or pie chart to visualize the distribution etc.
• Explore the distribution of individual features, both numerical and categorical. Use histograms, box plots, or bar charts to visualize the data. Identify outliers using box plots.

3. Data Splitting:

• Split your data into training and testing sets to evaluate your model's performance.

4. Model Selection:

• Choose an appropriate machine learning algorithm. I have used common algorithms for this binary classification problem like Logistic Regression, Random Forests, Support Vector Machines and XGBoost.

5. Model Training:

• Train your chosen model on the training data.

6. Model Evaluation :

• To evaluate the model's performance I have used appropriate metrics, such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score. It's important to consider the specific requirements and constraints of application.

7. Hyperparameter Tuning:

• Optimize the model's hyperparameters to improve its performance. This can be done through techniques like grid search or random search. Grid Search method has been applied in this problem.

Results: The project achieves an accuracy of around 0.86 using a logistic regression model. Further improvements can be made by feature engineering and exploring different algorithms.