build(dockerfile): enhanced production dockerfile

[iknowright]

Types of changes

• Bugfix
• New feature
• Refactoring Dockerfile
• Breaking change (any change that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Documentation Update
• Other (please describe)

Description

Use multi-stage feature on Docker to enable easy-read and better maintenance for Dockerfile

Two stages: node_stage and python_stage
node_stage:

• handling node_modules and node executable, by using multi-stage with FROM, we can specify docker image taf and get the node run-time with no extra works (nvm and hardcoded download link)
• use buster-slim variant

python_stage:

• handling Python environment and web server instructions
• using slim-buster variant
• need to manually install libpq and GCC for pyscopg2 and uwsgi as we downsize from buster to slim-buster

Notes:

• need to align image variant to {size-variant}-{debian-variant} to make node executable executable (For example, both node_stage and python_stage needs to be SLIM BUSTER)

Steps to Test This Pull Request

• Same

Expected behavior

Size reduced up to 50% and more

from the staging environment, test results are as follow:
pycontw-2023_web-enhanced-dockerfile latest e620e4f466ac 24 seconds ago 626MB
pycontw-2023_web latest 11ff9f780b7d 2 weeks ago 1.56GB

closes #1139

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Patch coverage: 66.66% and project coverage change: +0.47% 🎉

Comparison is base (74b334a) 69.74% compared to head (eb9bdd1) 70.21%.
Report is 8 commits behind head on master.

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Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #1151      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   69.74%   70.21%   +0.47%     
==========================================
  Files          85       85              
  Lines        3378     3381       +3     
==========================================
+ Hits         2356     2374      +18     
+ Misses       1022     1007      -15     

Files Changed	Coverage Δ
src/ccip/views.py	33.98% <50.00%> (+0.31%)	⬆️
src/sponsors/translation.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

... and 1 file with indirect coverage changes

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[josix]

Thanks @iknowright for making this change, I think we also need to apply these changes todev.Dockerfile. Could you help me update that?

[iknowright]

Thanks @iknowright for making this change, I think we also need to apply these changes todev.Dockerfile. Could you help me update that?

Updated.

[josix]

LGTM thanks!