The software application Praat can be used to annotate waveform data
(e.g., to mark intervals of interest or to label events).
These annotations are stored in a Praat TextGrid object, which consists of
Interval Tiers and Point Tiers.
An Interval Tier consists of sequential (i.e., not overlapping) labeled
intervals.
A Point Tier consists of labeled events.
The textgRid package provides S4 classes, generics, and methods for
accessing annotations stored in Praat TextGrid objects.
To install the current released version from CRAN:
install.packages('textgRid')To install the current development version from Github:
devtools::install_github('textgRid', username = 'patrickreidy')textgrid <- TextGrid(system.file('extdata', 'myExample.TextGrid',
package = 'textgRid'))# Find all labeled intervals on the $Words IntervalTier.
findIntervals(textgrid$Words)
# Index StartTime EndTime Label
# 1 2 1 3 word.1
# 2 4 6 9 word.2
# Find all labeled intervals on the $Phones IntervalTier.
findIntervals(textgrid$Phones)
# Index StartTime EndTime Label
# 1 2 1.00 1.50 phone.1a
# 2 3 1.50 2.50 phone.1b
# 3 4 2.50 3.00 phone.1c
# 4 6 6.00 6.75 phone.2a
# 5 7 6.75 7.25 phone.2b
# 6 8 7.25 8.25 phone.2c
# 7 9 8.25 9.00 phone.2d
# Find all intervals associated with word.2 on the $Phones IntervalTier.
findIntervals(textgrid$Phones, pattern = '2')
# Index StartTime EndTime Label
# 1 6 6.00 6.75 phone.2a
# 2 7 6.75 7.25 phone.2b
# 3 8 7.25 8.25 phone.2c
# 4 9 8.25 9.00 phone.2d
# Alternatively...
findIntervals(
tier = textgrid$Phones,
from = findIntervals(textgrid$Words, pattern = 'word.2')$StartTime,
to = findIntervals(textgrid$Words, pattern = 'word.2')$EndTime
)
# Index StartTime EndTime Label
# 1 6 6.00 6.75 phone.2a
# 2 7 6.75 7.25 phone.2b
# 3 8 7.25 8.25 phone.2c
# 4 9 8.25 9.00 phone.2d
# Find all labeled points on the $Events PointTier.
findPoints(textgrid$Events)
# Index Time Label
# 1 1 6.75 voicingOn
# 2 2 8.25 voicingOffas.data.frame(textgrid)
# TierNumber TierName TierType Index StartTime EndTime Label
# 1 1 Words IntervalTier 2 1.00 3.00 word.1
# 2 1 Words IntervalTier 4 6.00 9.00 word.2
# 3 2 Phones IntervalTier 2 1.00 1.50 phone.1a
# 4 2 Phones IntervalTier 3 1.50 2.50 phone.1b
# 5 2 Phones IntervalTier 4 2.50 3.00 phone.1c
# 6 2 Phones IntervalTier 6 6.00 6.75 phone.2a
# 7 2 Phones IntervalTier 7 6.75 7.25 phone.2b
# 8 2 Phones IntervalTier 8 7.25 8.25 phone.2c
# 9 2 Phones IntervalTier 9 8.25 9.00 phone.2d
# 10 3 Events PointTier 1 6.75 6.75 voicingOn
# 11 3 Events PointTier 2 8.25 8.25 voicingOffwriteTextGrid(textgrid, path = 'test_out.TextGrid')# Guess the encoding.
nonASCII <- TextGrid(system.file('extdata', 'nonASCII.TextGrid', package = 'textgRid'),
encoding = NULL)
# Or, explicitly provide the (correct) encoding.
nonASCII <- TextGrid(system.file('extdata', 'nonASCII.TextGrid', package = 'textgRid'),
encoding = "UTF-16BE")
# An error occurs if the provided encoding is incorrect.
TextGrid(system.file('extdata', 'nonASCII.TextGrid', package = 'textgRid'),
encoding = "UTF-8")
# Coerce the TextGrid to a data.frame.
as.data.frame(nonASCII)[1:2, ]
# TierNumber TierName TierType Index StartTime EndTime Label
# 1 1 Bengali IntervalTier 1 0 1 চকলেট এবং চিনাবাদাম মাখন
# 2 2 Chinese IntervalTier 1 0 1 巧克力和花生醬
# Non-ASCII characters can be used as patterns in searches.
findIntervals(nonASCII$Bengali, pattern = "চকলেট")
# Index StartTime EndTime Label
# 1 1 0 1 চকলেট এবং চিনাবাদাম মাখনThe textgRid package defines four S4 classes, whose slots and accessors are described in the tables below.
| Slot | Type | Accessor |
|---|---|---|
@name |
character | tierName() |
@number |
integer | tierNumber() |
| Slot | Type | Accessor |
|---|---|---|
@startTimes |
numeric | intervalStartTimes() |
@endTimes |
numeric | intervalEndTimes() |
@labels |
character | intervalLabels() |
| Slot | Type | Accessor |
|---|---|---|
@times |
numeric | pointTimes() |
@labels |
character | pointLabels() |
| Slot | Type | Accessor |
|---|---|---|
@.Data |
list (of IntervalTiers and PointTiers) | |
@startTime |
numeric | textGridStartTime() |
@endTime |
numeric | textGridEndTime() |