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docs(zh_CN): Update install.md #1352

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Update install.md
Angelkawaii2 Dec 6, 2023
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Angelkawaii2 Dec 9, 2023
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78 changes: 47 additions & 31 deletions content/zh-cn/admin/install.md
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
title: 从源中安装
description: 创建你自己的Mastodon站点的教学指献。
title: 从源代码中安装
description: 创建你自己的 Mastodon 站点的教学指献。
menu:
docs:
weight: 20
Expand All @@ -9,27 +9,31 @@ menu:

## 前提条件 {#pre-requisites}

* 一台你有root访问权限的运行 **Ubuntu 18.04** 的机器
* 一台你有root访问权限的，运行 **Ubuntu 20.04** 或 **Debian 11** 的机器
* 一个用于Mastodon站点的**域名**（或一个子域名），例如：`example.com`
* 一个电子邮件发送服务提供商，或其他**SMTP服务器**

你需要使用root用户运行命令。如果你现在不是root用户，请切换至root用户：
你需要使用root用户运行命令。如果你现在不是root用户，请切换至root用户：``sudo su - ``

### 软件仓库 {#system-repositories}

首先确保已经安装curl：
首先确保已经安装curl, wget, gnupg, apt-transport-https, lsb-release 和 ca-certificates

```
apt install -y curl wget gnupg apt-transport-https lsb-release ca-certificates
```

#### Node.js {#node-js}

```bash
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_12.x | bash -
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_16.x | bash -
```

#### Yarn {#yarn}
#### PostgreSQL {#postgresql}

```bash
curl -sS https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian/pubkey.gpg | apt-key add -
echo "deb https:https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian/ stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yarn.list
wget -O /usr/share/keyrings/postgresql.asc https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/postgresql.asc] http:https://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt $(lsb_release -cs)-pgdg main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/postgresql.list
```

### 软件包 {#system-packages}
Expand All @@ -40,9 +44,16 @@ apt install -y \
imagemagick ffmpeg libpq-dev libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev file git-core \
g++ libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler pkg-config nodejs gcc autoconf \
bison build-essential libssl-dev libyaml-dev libreadline6-dev \
zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev libgdbm5 libgdbm-dev \
zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev libgdbm-dev \
nginx redis-server redis-tools postgresql postgresql-contrib \
certbot python-certbot-nginx yarn libidn11-dev libicu-dev libjemalloc-dev
certbot python3-certbot-nginx libidn11-dev libicu-dev libjemalloc-dev
```

#### Yarn {#yarn}

```bash
corepack enable
yarn set version classic
```

### 安装 Ruby {#installing-ruby}
Expand All @@ -53,7 +64,7 @@ apt install -y \
adduser --disabled-login mastodon
```

切换到mastodon用户：
切换到 mastodon 用户：

```bash
su - mastodon
Expand All @@ -63,7 +74,6 @@ su - mastodon

```bash
git clone https://github.com/rbenv/rbenv.git ~/.rbenv
cd ~/.rbenv && src/configure && make -C src
echo 'export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'eval "$(rbenv init -)"' >> ~/.bashrc
exec bash
Expand All @@ -73,8 +83,8 @@ git clone https://github.com/rbenv/ruby-build.git ~/.rbenv/plugins/ruby-build
上述操作完成，我们便可以安装正确的 Ruby 版本：

```bash
RUBY_CONFIGURE_OPTS=--with-jemalloc rbenv install 2.6.6
rbenv global 2.6.6
RUBY_CONFIGURE_OPTS=--with-jemalloc rbenv install 3.2.2
rbenv global 3.2.2
```

我们同样需要安装 bundler：
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -130,7 +140,7 @@ su - mastodon

```bash
git clone https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon.git live && cd live
git checkout $(git tag -l | grep -v 'rc[0-9]*$' | sort -V | tail -n 1)
git checkout $(git tag -l | grep '^v[0-9.]*$' | sort -V | tail -n 1)
```

#### 安装依赖 {#installing-the-last-dependencies}
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -170,6 +180,16 @@ RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rake mastodon:setup
exit
```

### Acquiring a SSL certificate {#acquiring-a-ssl-certificate}

使用 Let’s Encrypt 获取免费的 SSL 证书:

```bash
certbot certonly --nginx -d example.com
```

这将获取证书，并保存到 `/etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/` 。

### 配置 nginx {#setting-up-nginx}

从Mastodon目录复制配置文件模版到nginx：
Expand All @@ -181,18 +201,14 @@ ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/mastodon /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/mastodon

编辑 `/etc/nginx/sites-available/mastodon`，替换 `example.com` 为你自己的域名，你可以根据自己的需求做出其它的一些调整。

重载 nginx 以使变更生效：

### 获取SSL证书 {#acquiring-a-ssl-certificate}
取消注释 `ssl_certificate` 和 `ssl_certificate_key` 开头的行 , 将路径改为对应的域名

我们将使用 Let’s Encrypt 获取一个免费的SSL证书：
重载 nginx 以使变更生效：

```bash
certbot --nginx -d example.com
systemctl reload nginx
```

这个命令将获取一个证书，自动更新 `/etc/nginx/sites-available/mastodon` 以使用新证书并重载nginx以使变更生效。

现在你应该能够通过浏览器访问你的域名，然后看到一只大象锤击电脑屏幕的错误页面。这是因为我们还没有启动Mastodon进程。

### 配置 systemd 服务 {#setting-up-systemd-services}
Expand All @@ -203,20 +219,20 @@ certbot --nginx -d example.com
cp /home/mastodon/live/dist/mastodon-*.service /etc/systemd/system/
```

然后修改以下文件，以保证用户名与路径是正确的：
如果在任何时候偏离了默认值，请检查用户名和路径是否正确：

* `/etc/systemd/system/mastodon-web.service`
* `/etc/systemd/system/mastodon-sidekiq.service`
* `/etc/systemd/system/mastodon-streaming.service`
```sh
$EDITOR /etc/systemd/system/mastodon-*.service
```

最后，启动新systemd服务并将该服务设为开机自动激活：
最后，启动新的 systemd 服务并将 mastodon 的服务设为开机自动激活：

```bash
```sh
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mastodon-web mastodon-sidekiq mastodon-streaming
systemctl enable mastodon-*
systemctl enable --now mastodon-web mastodon-sidekiq mastodon-streaming
```


他们将在开机启动时自动开始运行。

{{< hint style="success" >}}
Expand Down