To start the lab:

1. go into the laboratory directory:

• cd ./lab

2. start the lab

• kathara lstart

To connect to a device you can just type kathara connect {DEVICE_NAME}. The available devices are:

• attacker: where you have all the tools to perform the attack;
• victim: the victim of the attack. Here you will be able to check if the attack was successful;
• rec_dns: the recursive DNS the victim will query;
• authoritative_dns: the real authoritative DNS for example.com;
• malicious_dns: the attacker's DNS, set up to be authoritative for example.com;
• root_dns: the root DNS of this network topology.
• others, that shouldn't be useful for the purpose of this lab.

Example: kathara connect attacker.

To perform the cache poisoning attack:

1. On the authoritative DNS device, set delay with: tc qdisc add dev eth0 root netem delay 1500ms
2. Edit ./shared/cache-poisoning.cpp with vscode: code ./shared
3. On the attacker's device, compile your code: g++ -o cache-poisoning /shared/cache-poisoning.cpp -ltins
4. On the attacker's device run the script: ./cache-poisoning
5. On the victim's device, verify that foo.example.com resolves to IP 1.1.1.3 with dig foo.example.com
6. If the attack didn't work, it might be because you have lost the race condition, goto 4.
7. Notice that other hosts in the example.com domain aren't affected by the attack, e.g. dig bar.example.com

To perform the Kaminsky attack:

1. Restart the lab so that you start from a clean environment
2. On the <REDACTED> DNS's device, set delay with: tc qdisc add dev eth0 root netem delay 1500ms
3. Edit ./shared/kaminsky.cpp with vscode: code ./shared
4. On the attacker's device, compile your code: g++ -o kaminsky /shared/kaminsky.cpp -ltins
5. On the attacker's device run the script: ./kaminsky
6. On the victim's device, verify that example.com has ns at 1.1.1.254 with dig example.com. Every sub-domain should resolve to IP 1.1.1.3.
7. If the attack didn't work, it might be because you have lost the race condition, goto 5.
8. Notice that this time, every host under example.com resolves to the attacker's IP address

Useful commands:

• stop the kathara lab (you will lose everything you have done so far): kathara lclean
• clear the cache of a DNS: rndc flush
• print the cache entries for example.com: rndc dumpdb -cache && grep "example.com" /var/cache/bind/dump.db
• edit the delay: tc qdisc change dev eth0 root netem delay 2000ms
• remove the delay: tc qdisc del dev eth0 root netem delay 2000ms

Browser inside the terminal:

• use links to start it;
• type g to start searching for a URL;
• type q to exit.