Install R Packages from remote or local repositories, including GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket, and Bioconductor

Download and install R packages stored in GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket, Bioconductor, or plain subversion or git repositories. This package is a lightweight replacement of the install_* functions in devtools. Indeed most of the code was copied over from devtools.

• Installers:
  • Install packages with their dependencies.
  • Install from GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket.
  • Install from git and subversion repositories.
  • Install from local files or URLs.
  • Install the dependencies of a local package tree.
  • Install specific package versions from CRAN.
• Supports Bioconductor packages.
• Supports the Remotes field in DESCRIPTION. See more in the dependencies vignette.
• Supports the Additional_repositories field in DESCRIPTION.
• Can install itself from GitHub (see below).
• Does not depend on other R packages.
• Does not contain compiled code, so no compiler is needed.
• Does not need any external software (for most of the functionality at least).

Install the released version of remotes from CRAN:

install.packages("remotes")

Note that most of the examples here use GitHub. See below for other supported repository types.

To install the latest version of a package in the default branch from GitHub, you can use the user/repo form. Note that user can also be an organization:

remotes::install_github("r-lib/conflicted")

If the R package is inside a subdirectory of the root directory, then give this subdirectory as well:

# build = FALSE because of some specificities of XGBoost package
install_github("dmlc/xgboost/R-package", build = FALSE)

To install a certain branch or commit or tag, append it to the repo name, after an @:

remotes::install_github("gaborcsardi/[email protected]")

To install the latest release, append @*release to the repo name:

remotes::install_github("gaborcsardi/pkgconfig@*release")

To install a pull request, append # and the id (an integer number) of the pull request to the repo name:

remotes::install_github("r-lib/pkgconfig#7")

Dependencies are automatically installed from CRAN. By default, outdated dependencies are automatically upgraded. In interactive sessions you can select a subset of the dependencies to upgrade.

It is also possible to install dependencies from GitHub or other supported repositories. For this you need to add a Remotes field to the DESCRIPTION file. Its format is:

Remotes: [remote::]repo_spec, [remote::]repo_spec, ...

where repo_spec is any repository specification the corresponding install_() function can handle. If remote:: is missing, github:: is assumed. Other possible values: gitlab::,bitbucket::, git::, local::, svn::, url::, version::, cran::, bioc::.

See more about the Remotes field in this vignette.

remotes supports the Additional_repositories field in DESCRIPTION. This is a way to specify dependencies from non-CRAN package repositories. See the Writing R extensions manual for details.

Bioconductor packages are automatically detected and their dependencies are installed from Bioconductor.

• GitHub repositories via install_github.
• Bitbucket repositories via install_bitbucket.
• Generic git repositories via install_git. They need either a system git installation, or the git2r R package.
• Local directories or package archive files via install_local.
• Remote package archive files via install_url.
• Packages in subversion repositories via install_svn. They need a system subversion installation.
• Specific package versions from CRAN or other CRAN-like repositories via install_version. This includes outdated and archived packages as well.
• All dependencies of a package in a local directory via install_deps.

• For R older than 3.2, the curl package is required as remotes falls back to curl::curl_download in that case
• For R newer than 3.3, default download.file() method is used. (method = "auto")
• For in between versions,
  • method = "wininet" is used on windows OS
  • method = "libcurl" is used on other OS, if available.

See help("download.file") for information on these methods and for setting proxies if needed.

remotes will use the curl, git2r and pkgbuild packages if they are installed to provide faster implementations for some aspects of the install process. However if you are using remotes to install or update these packages (or their reverse dependencies) using them during installation may fail (particularly on Windows).

If you set the environment variable R_REMOTES_STANDALONE="true" (e.g. in R Sys.setenv(R_REMOTES_STANDALONE="true")) you can force remotes to operate in standalone mode and use only its internal R implementations. This will allow successful installation of these packages.

remotes uses the following standard R options, see ?options for their details:

• download.file.method for the default download method. See ?download.file.

• pkgType for the package type (source or binary, see manual) to install, download or look up dependencies for.

• repos for the locations of the user’s standard CRAN(-like) repositories.

It also uses some remotes specific options:

• BioC_git for the URL of the default Bioconductor git mirror.

• BioC_mirror for the URL of the Bioconductor mirror.

• unzip for the path of the external unzip program.

• The BITBUCKET_USER and BITBUCKET_PASSWORD environment variables are used for the default Bitbucket user name and password, in install_bitbucket()

• The GITHUB_PAT environment variable is used as the default GitHub personal access token for all GitHub API queries.

• The R_BIOC_MIRROR environment variable can be used to specify an alternative Bioconductor mirror. (The BioC_mirror option takes precedence over this.)

• The R_BIOC_VERSION environment variable can be used to force a Bioconductor version.

• The R_REMOTES_UPGRADE environment variable can be used to set a default preferred value for the upgrade = argument accepted by the various install_*() functions. For example, you can set R_REMOTES_UPGRADE="always" to upgrade dependent packages without asking the user.

• Setting R_REMOTES_STANDALONE="true" forces remotes to work in standalone mode and avoid loading its optional dependencies (curl, git2 and pkgbuild currently. See “Standalone mode” above.

• Setting R_REMOTES_NO_ERRORS_FROM_WARNINGS="false" will cause warning messages during calls to install.packages() to become errors. Often warning messages are caused by dependencies failing to install.

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