===================
                            CLAPACK README FILE
                            ===================

============================================================================================
          Version 3.2.1 (threadsafe)
    Release date: June 2009
 F2C translation of LAPACK 3.2.1
To get revisions info about LAPACK 3.2.1, please see https://www.netlib.org/lapack/lapack-3.2.1.html 
============================================================================================

This README file describes how and how to install the ANSI C translation of the
LAPACK library, called CLAPACK.  CLAPACK must be compiled with an ANSI Standard
C compiler.  If the C compiler on your machine is an old-style C compiler, you
will have to use gcc to compile the package.  

IMPORTANT NOTE:

   You *CANNOT* just go to www.netlib.org/clapack, download a routine like
 sgesv.c and have it work unless you properly install and link to the
 f2c and BLAS routines as described below.  If your linker complains about
 missing functions, you have probably accidentally neglected this step.
   Also, you will need the file "f2c.h" (included with the f2c libraries)
in order to compile these routines. 
 The default BLAS routines included with CLAPACK in the BLAS/SRC
 subdirectory may also be used these will most likely be
 slower than a BLAS library optimized for your machine. If you do
 not have such an optimized BLAS library, you can get one at

       https://www.netlib.org/atlas
 

==============================================================================

For a fast default installation, you will need to
  - Untar clapack.tar and modify the make.inc file   (see step 1 below)
  - Make the f2c libraries                           (see step 2 below)
  - Make the BLAS library                            (see step 2 below)
  - Make the main library, test it, and time it by simply typing
      make

If you encounter difficulties, you may find the installation manual for
the FORTRAN version (INSTALL/lawn81.*) useful.


                     Procedure for installing CLAPACK:
==============================================================================

(1) 'tar xvf clapack.tar' to build the following directory structure:
    CLAPACK/README.install     this file
    CLAPACK/BLAS/       C source for BLAS
    CLAPACK/F2CLIBS/    f2c I/O functions (libI77) and math functions (libF77)
    CLAPACK/INSTALL/    Testing functions and pre-tested make.inc files
                        for various platforms.
    CLAPACK/SRC/        C source of LAPACK routines
    CLAPACK/TESTING/    driver routines to test correctness
    CLAPACK/make.inc	compiler, compile flags and library definitions, 
			included in all Makefiles.
		        NOTE: It's better to use gcc compiler on some older
			Sun systems.
    CLAPACK/clapack.h   A header file including C prototypes of all the
                        CLAPACK routines.
    You should be sure to modify the make.inc file for your system.  Sample
    make.inc files for several platforms are included in the INSTALL
    subdirectory.

(2) Build the f2c libraries by doing:
      make f2clib

##############################################################################
WARNING: 1) If your system lacks onexit() and you are not using an ANSI C
            compiler, then you should change your F2CCFLAGS line in 
            make.inc to
                F2CCFLAGS=$(CFLAGS) -DNO_ONEXIT
            On at least some Sun systems, it is better to use
                F2CCFLAGS=$(CFLAGS) -Donexit=on_exit
         2) On at least some Sun systems, the type declaration in 
            F2CLIBS/libI77/rawio.h: extern FILE *fdopen(int, char*)
 	    is not consistent with the one defined in stdio.h. In this case
            you should comment out this line.
            
##############################################################################

(3) To run CLAPACK, you need to create a BLAS library.
    The performance of CLAPACK largely depends on the performance
    of the BLAS library.

    You can either use the reference BLAS library included with
    this distribution, which is easy to install but not optimized to be
    fast on any particular machine, or else find a version of the 
    BLAS optimized for your machine.

    If you want to use the reference BLAS library included with
    this distribution, build it by doing
      make blaslib
    from the main directory.

    If you want to find a BLAS library optimized for your machine,
    see the note below for more details; 
    see also the README in the BLAS/WRAP directory.

(4) Compile and run the BLAS TESTING code by doing:
      cd CLAPACK/BLAS/TESTING; make -f Makeblat2
      cd CLAPACK/BLAS
	xblat2s < sblat2.in
	xblat2d < dblat2.in
	xblat2c < cblat2.in
	xblat2z < zblat2.in
      cd CLAPACK/BLAS/TESTING; make -f Makeblat3
      cd CLAPACK/BLAS
	xblat3s < sblat3.in
	xblat3d < dblat3.in
	xblat3c < cblat3.in
	xblat3z < zblat3.in

    Inspect the output files *.SUMM to confirm that no errors occurred.

{NOTE: If a compiling error involving _atexit appears then see information
       within the WARNING above.}

{NOTE: For the highest performance, it is best to use a version of the BLAS
       optimized for your particular machine. This may be done by modifying
       the line
          BLASLIB      = ../../blas$(PLAT).a
       in CLAPACK/make.inc to point to the optimized BLAS.

{NOTE: There is a clapack.h file in INCLUDE directory which has all the routine 
	   declaration. Users are recommended to include this file to compile their
	   code. Some problem has been reported on 64-bit machine that is caused by
	   not using the correct declaration.

Link with BLAS which provides the standard CBLAS interface 
==========================================================
       If you are using a version of the BLAS which provides the standard 
       CBLAS interface (e.g. ATLAS), you need to add the appropriate "wrapper" library.
       you can make the wrapper library libcblaswr.a by typing 
       "make cblaswrap" from the main directory.  For this setup
       (ATLAS with the CBLAS wrapper), the BLASLIB line might look like
Example:
Modification to make.inc
CC        = gcc
BLASLIB     = ../../libcblaswr.a -lcblas -latlas
Creation of libcblaswr.a : make cblaswrap

Link with BLAS which Fortran calling interface
===============================================
Two possibilities:
	- add -DNO_BLAS_WRAP to the CC variable to when compiling and no need of a "wrapper" library
Example:
CC        = gcc -DNO_BLAS_WRAP 
BLASLIB = -lgoto -lpthread
	
 	- add the sample Fortran calling interface (libfblaswr.a) for systems with
       Sun-style Fortran calling conventions is also provided; however,
       this interface will need modifications to work on other
       architectures which have different Fortran calling convensions.
       See the README in the BLAS/WRAP subdirectory for further information. 
Example:
CC        = gcc
BLASLIB = ../../libfblaswr.a -lgoto -lpthread
Creation of libfblaswr.a : make fblaswrap
}

(5) Build the archive containing lapack source code by doing:
      cd CLAPACK/SRC; make

(6) Compile the matrix generation software, the eigenroutine TESTING
    code, the linear system TESTING code, and run the LAPACK tests 
    by doing:
      cd CLAPACK/TESTING/MATGEN; make
      cd CLAPACK/TESTING; make

    Inspect the output files *.out to confirm that no errors occurred.

I.   Compile the matrix generation software, the eigenroutine TESTING code,
     the linear system TESTING code, and run the LAPACK tests separately
     by doing:
	cd CLAPACK/TESTING/MATGEN; make
	cd CLAPACK/TESTING/EIG; make
	cd CLAPACK/TESTING/LIN; make
	cd CLAPACK/TESTING; make
II. After the executable files and libraries have been created for each
     of the compiles, the object files should be removed by doing:
	make clean
III.  Each 'make' may be accomplished just for one or a subset of the 
     precisions desired.  For example:
	make single
	make single complex
	make single double complex complex16
     Using make without any arguments will compile all four precisions.

James Demmel
Xiaoye Li		
Chris Puscasiu
Steve Timson

UC Berkeley
Sept 27 1993


{Revised by Susan Ostrouchov and Jude Toth}
 {The University of Tennessee at Knoxville}
             {October 15, 1993}

{Revised by Xiaoye Li and James Demmel}
 {University of California at Berkeley}
             {November 22, 1994}

{Revised by David Bindel and James Demmel}
 {University of California at Berkeley}
             {July 19, 2000}

{Revised by Julie Langou}
 {University of Tennessee}
             {February 2008}

{Revised by Julie Langou}
{University of Tennessee}
			 {October 2008}

{Revised by Peng Du}
{University of Tennessee}
			 {August 2009}