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What is "FAKE - F# Make"?

Introduction

Modern build automation systems are not limited to simply recompile programs if source code has changed. They are supposed to get the latest sources from a source code management system, build test databases, run automatic tests, check guidelines, create documentation files, install setup projects and much more. Some companies are even deploying virtual machines, which are created during a nightly build process. In order to simplify the writing of such build scripts and to provide reusability of common tasks most build automation systems are using a domain-specific language (DSL). These tools can be divided into tools using external DSLs with a custom syntax like make, tools using external DSLs with an XML based syntax like MSBuild or Apache Ant and tools using internal DSLs which are integrated in a host language like Rake, which uses Ruby.

FAKE - An integrated DSL

"FAKE - F# Make" is a build automation system, which is intended to combine the advantages of the above mentioned tools but to provide a better tooling support. Due to its integration in F#, all benefits of the .NET Framework and functional programming can be used, including the extensive class library, powerful debuggers and integrated development environments like Visual Studio 2008 or SharpDevelop, which provide syntax highlighting and code completion.

The new language was designed to be succinct, typed, declarative, extensible and easy to use. For instance custom build tasks can be added simply by referencing .NET assemblies and using the corresponding classes.

Lastest builds and changelog

You can download the latest builds from http:https://teamcity.codebetter.com. You don't need to register, a guest login is ok.

Nuget package

We have a Nuget package at http:https://nuget.org/packages/FAKE. You can install it with:

install-package FAKE

How to contribute code

  • Login in github (you need an account)
  • Fork the main repository from Github
  • Push your changes to your fork
  • Send me a pull request

Mailing list

The "FAKE - F# Make" mailing list can be found at http:https://groups.google.com/group/fsharpMake.

Articles

Main Features

Predefined tasks

  • Clean task
  • NUnit support
  • xUnit.net support
  • MSpec support
  • NCover support
  • FxCop support
  • ExecProcess task (To run tools via the command line)
  • MSBuild task (to compile *.csproj and *.fsproj projects or run MSBuild scripts)
  • XMLRead task
  • VSS task (Get sources from Visual Source Safe)
  • XCopy task
  • Zip task
  • git tasks
  • AssemblyInfo task
  • MSI task (to run msi-setups with msiexec)
  • RegAsm task (to create TLBs from a .dll)
  • ...

Using FAKE

Targets

Targets are the main unit of work in a "FAKE - F# Make" script. Targets have a name and an action (given as a code block).

// The clean target cleans the build and deploy folders
Target "Clean" (fun _ -> 
	CleanDirs ["./build/"; "./deploy/"]
)

Build target order

You can specify the build order using the ==> operator:

// "FAKE - F# Make" will run these targets in the order Clean, BuildApp, Default
"Clean" 
  ==> "BuildApp" 
  ==> "Default"

If one target should only be run on a specific condition you can use the =?> operator:

"Clean" 
  ==> "BuildApp"
  =?> ("Test",hasBuildParam "test")  // runs the Test target only if FAKE was called with parameter test
  ==> "Default"

It's also possible to specify the dependencies for targets:

// Target Default is dependent from target Clean and BuildApp
// "FAKE - F# Make" will ensure to run these targets before Default
"Default"  <== ["Clean"; "BuildApp"]

Running targets

You can execute targets with the "run"-command:

// Executes Default target
Run "Default"

Final targets

Final target can be used for TearDown functionality. These targets will be executed even if the build fails but have to be activated via ActivateFinalTarget().

// FinalTarget will be excuted even if build fails
FinalTarget "CloseSomePrograms" (fun _ ->
	// close stuff and release resources
)

// Activate FinalTarget somewhere during build
ActivateFinalTarget "CloseSomePrograms"

FileSets

"FAKE - F# Make" uses similar include and exclude patterns as NAnt and MSBuild.

File includes

// Includes all *.csproj files under /src/app by using the !+ operator
!+ "src/app/**/*.csproj"

// Includes all *.csproj files under /src/app and /test with the ++ operator
!+ "src/app/**/*.csproj"
  ++ "test/**/*.csproj"

File excludes

// Includes all files under /src/app but excludes *.zip files
!+ "src/app/**/*.*"
  -- "*.zip"

Scan vs. ScanImmediately

"FAKE - F# Make" provides two scan methods: Scan() and ScanImmediately().

Scan is a lazy method and evaluates the FileSet as late as possible ("on-demand"). If the FileSet is used twice, it will be reevaluated.

The following code defines a lazy FileSet:

// Includes all *.csproj files under /src/app and scans them lazy
let apps = 
  !+ "src/app/**/*.csproj"
	|> Scan

The same FileSet by using the !! operator:

// Includes all *.csproj files under /src/app and scans them lazy
let apps = !! "src/app/**/*.csproj"

ScanImmediately() scans the FileSet immediatly at time of its definition and memoizes it.

// Includes all files under /src/app but excludes *.zip files
//	  eager scan ==> All files memoized at the time of this definition
let files = 
  !+ "src/app/**/*.csproj"
	-- "*.zip"
	|> ScanImmediately

UnitTests

NUnit

// define test dlls
let testDlls = !! (testDir + @"/Test.*.dll")
 
Target "NUnitTest" (fun _ ->
	testDlls
		|> NUnit (fun p -> 
			{p with 
				ToolPath = nunitPath; 
				DisableShadowCopy = true; 
				OutputFile = testDir + "TestResults.xml"})
)

MSpec

// define test dlls
let testDlls = !! (testDir + @"/Test.*.dll")
 
Target "MSpecTest" (fun _ ->
	testDlls
		|> MSpec (fun p -> 
			{p with 
				ExcludeTags = ["LongRunning"]
				HtmlOutputDir = testOutputDir						  
				ToolPath = ".\toools\MSpec\mspec.exe"})
)

xUnit.net

// define test dlls
let testDlls = !! (testDir + @"/Test.*.dll")

Target "xUnitTest" (fun _ ->
    testDlls
        |> xUnit (fun p -> 
            {p with 
                ShadowCopy = false;
                HtmlOutput = true;
                XmlOutput = true;
                OutputDir = testDir })
)

Sample script

This sample script

  • Assumes "FAKE - F# Make" is located at ./tools/FAKE
  • Assumes NUnit is located at ./tools/NUnit
  • Cleans the build and deploy paths
  • Builds all C# projects below src/app/ and puts the output to .\build
  • Builds all NUnit test projects below src/test/ and puts the output to .\build
  • Uses NUnit to test the generated Test.*.dll's
  • Zips all generated files to deploy\MyProject-0.1.zip

You can read Getting started with FAKE to build such a script.

// include Fake libs
#I "tools\FAKE"
#r "FakeLib.dll"

open Fake

// Directories
let buildDir  = @".\build\"
let testDir   = @".\test\"
let deployDir = @".\deploy\"

// tools
let nunitPath = @".\Tools\NUnit"
let fxCopRoot = @".\Tools\FxCop\FxCopCmd.exe"

// Filesets
let appReferences  = 
    !+ @"src\app\**\*.csproj" 
      ++ @"src\app\**\*.fsproj" 
        |> Scan

let testReferences = !! @"src\test\**\*.csproj"
    
// version info
let version = "0.2"  // or retrieve from CI server

// Targets
Target "Clean" (fun _ -> 
    CleanDirs [buildDir; testDir; deployDir]
)

Target "BuildApp" (fun _ ->
    AssemblyInfo 
        (fun p -> 
        {p with
            CodeLanguage = CSharp;
            AssemblyVersion = version;
            AssemblyTitle = "Calculator Command line tool";
            AssemblyDescription = "Sample project for FAKE - F# MAKE";
            Guid = "A539B42C-CB9F-4a23-8E57-AF4E7CEE5BAA";
            OutputFileName = @".\src\app\Calculator\Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs"})
              
    AssemblyInfo 
        (fun p -> 
        {p with
            CodeLanguage = CSharp;
            AssemblyVersion = version;
            AssemblyTitle = "Calculator library";
            AssemblyDescription = "Sample project for FAKE - F# MAKE";
            Guid = "EE5621DB-B86B-44eb-987F-9C94BCC98441";
            OutputFileName = @".\src\app\CalculatorLib\Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs"})          
      
    // compile all projects below src\app\
    MSBuildRelease buildDir "Build" appReferences
        |> Log "AppBuild-Output: "
)

Target "BuildTest" (fun _ ->
    MSBuildDebug testDir "Build" testReferences
        |> Log "TestBuild-Output: "
)

Target "NUnitTest" (fun _ ->  
    !! (testDir + @"\NUnit.Test.*.dll")
        |> NUnit (fun p -> 
            {p with 
                ToolPath = nunitPath; 
                DisableShadowCopy = true; 
                OutputFile = testDir + @"TestResults.xml"})
)

Target "xUnitTest" (fun _ ->  
    !! (testDir + @"\xUnit.Test.*.dll")
        |> xUnit (fun p -> 
            {p with 
                ShadowCopy = false;
                HtmlOutput = true;
                XmlOutput = true;
                OutputDir = testDir })
)

Target "FxCop" (fun _ ->
    !+ (buildDir + @"\**\*.dll") 
        ++ (buildDir + @"\**\*.exe") 
        |> Scan  
        |> FxCop (fun p -> 
            {p with                     
                ReportFileName = testDir + "FXCopResults.xml";
                ToolPath = fxCopRoot})
)

Target "Deploy" (fun _ ->
    !+ (buildDir + "\**\*.*") 
        -- "*.zip" 
        |> Scan
        |> Zip buildDir (deployDir + "Calculator." + version + ".zip")
)

// Build order
"Clean"
  ==> "BuildApp" <=> "BuildTest"
  ==> "FxCop"
  ==> "NUnitTest"
  =?> ("xUnitTest",hasBuildParam "xUnitTest")  // runs the target only if FAKE was called with parameter xUnitTest
  ==> "Deploy"
 
// start build
Run "Deploy"

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