SpringBoot

1.springBoot简介

1.1 设计目的

springBoot采用建立生产就绪Spring应用程序的观点，用来简化新Spring应用的初始搭建以及开发过程。在不需要编写各种配置文件的情况下，只需引入相关的依赖就能迅速搭建起一个web工程。 SpringBoot采用优先于配置的惯例，旨在快速启动和运行应用程序。

1.2 springBoot特点

创建独立的Spring应用程序
嵌入的Tomcat，无需部署WAR文件
简化Maven配置
自动配置Spring
提供生产就绪型功能，如指标，健康检查和外部配置
绝对没有代码生成和对XML没有要求配置

1.3 目录结构

src
- main
  - java
    - package
      - Application.java 应用程序入口
  - resources 资源文件
    - static 静态资源
    - templates 模板资源
    - application.yml(或 application.properties) 配置文件
- test
  - java
    - package ApplicationTests.java
pom.xml

2.配置文件

2.1 获取配置文件中的值@Value("${属性名}")

application.yml文件配置：

index:
  name: black

controller获取配置文件中的值:

@Controller
public class IndexController {

    @Value("${index.name}")
    private String name;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/index")
    @ResponseBody
    public String index() {
        return name + ", you are welcome to SpringBoot!";
    }
}

2.2 将application.yml配置文件的值赋给实体类

在JavaBean中添加@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "index")注解
在Controller类或Application类添加@EnableConfigurationProperties({IndexBean.class})

2.3 自定义配置文件

indexBean.properties文件配置：

index.name=java
index.age=30
index.sex=m
index.id=1

需在JavaBean中添加：

@Configuration
@PropertySource(value = "indexBean.properties")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "index")
public class IndexBean {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    private int age;

    ...setter/getter...
}

2.4 配置多环境配置文件

格式为application-{profile}.properties，其中{profile}对应你的环境标识

application-test.properties：测试环境
application-dev.properties：开发环境
application-prod.properties：生产环境

application.yml中配置:

spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev

application-dev.properties:

server.port=8082

注：[单元测试] 异常

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Failed to parse configuration class [com.spring.boot.Application];
nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/indexBean.properties]

解决方案：在@SpringBootTest中增加加webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class PersonTest {
}

3.springBoot集成MyBatis访问MySQL数据库

3.1 添加pom依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>6.0.6</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.3</version>
</dependency>

3.2 配置数据源

spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql:https://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
spring.datasource.username=admin
spring.datasource.password=123456

mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath*:mapping/*.xml
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.spring.boot.model

4.springBoot集成redis

4.1 配置pom依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

4.2 配置数据源

spring.redis.host=127.0.0.1
spring.redis.port=6379
spring.redis.password=
spring.redis.database=0
spring.redis.pool.max-active=8
spring.redis.pool.max-wait=-1
spring.redis.pool.max-idle=500
spring.redis.pool.min-idle=0
spring.redis.timeout=0

4.3 代码示例

@Repository
public class RedisUtils {

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    public void set(String key, String value) {
        ValueOperations<String, String> valueOperations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
        valueOperations.set(key, value, 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    public String getValue(String key) {
        ValueOperations<String, String> valueOperations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
        return valueOperations.get(key);
    }

}

注：@Repository、@Service、@Controller和@Component将类标识为SpringBean

@Repository:(Spring2.0版本开始引入)用于将数据访问层(DAO层)的类标识为SpringBean，并且它还能将所标注的类中抛出的数据访问异常封装为Spring的数据访问异常类型;
Spring2.5版本在@Repository的基础上增加了功能类似的额外三个注解：@Component、@Service、@Controller，它们分别用于软件系统的不同层次：
@Component:是一个泛化的概念，仅仅表示一个组件(Bean)，可以作用在任何层次;
@Service:通常作用在业务层，但是目前该功能与@Component相同;
@Controller:通常作用在控制层，但是目前该功能与@Component相同;

5.springBoot集成MongoDb

5.1 配置pom依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

5.2 配置数据源

mongodb默认配置

spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb:https://127.0.0.1:27017/mycol

注：如果mongodb使用默认端口，密码未设置，可以省略配置。因为springBoot会开启默认。

mongodb设置密码配置

spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb:https://name:pass@localhost:27017/dbname

5.3 代码示例

dao层继承MongoRepository<Shirt, String>接口，此接口中有几个crud接口。也可以自定义查询方法需要严格按照mongodb存入的字段进行对应，例如：字段名称model，方法名称findByModel

public interface ShirtRepository extends MongoRepository<Shirt, String> {

    Shirt findByModel(String model);

}

service层crud操作：

@Service
public class ShirtServiceImpl implements ShirtService {

    @Autowired
    private ShirtRepository shirtRepository;

    @Override
    public Shirt findByModel(String model) {
        return shirtRepository.findByModel(model);
    }

    @Override
    public void saveShirt(Shirt shirt) {
        shirtRepository.save(shirt);
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteShirt(Shirt shirt) {
        shirtRepository.delete(shirt);
    }
}

6.springBoot集成kafka

6.1 配置pom依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

6.2 kafka配置文件

#配置kafka producer
spring.kafka.producer.bootstrap-servers=127.0.0.1:9092
spring.kafka.producer.batch-size=16384
spring.kafka.producer.retries=0
spring.kafka.producer.buffer-memory=33554432
spring.kafka.producer.key-serializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
spring.kafka.producer.value-serializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer

#配置kafka consumer
spring.kafka.consumer.bootstrap-servers=127.0.0.1:9092
spring.kafka.consumer.group-id=spring-boot
spring.kafka.consumer.enable-auto-commit=true
spring.kafka.consumer.auto-commit-interval=1000
spring.kafka.consumer.key-deserializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
spring.kafka.consumer.value-deserializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer

6.3 代码示例

producer:

@Component
public class PersonProducer {

    private final static String TOPIC = "person-test";

    @Autowired
    private KafkaTemplate<Integer, String> kafkaTemplate;

    public void sendMessage(Person person) {

        ListenableFuture<SendResult<Integer, String>> listenableFuture = kafkaTemplate.send(TOPIC, JSON.toJSONString(person));

        listenableFuture.addCallback(param->{
            System.out.println("kafka send message successfully!");
        }, error->{
            System.err.println("kafka send message failure!");
        });
    }
}

consumer:

@Component
public class PersonConsumer {

    @KafkaListener(topics = {"person-test"})
    public void onMessage(ConsumerRecord<String, String> data) {

        System.out.println("==============start==============");

        System.out.println("接收kafka消息 topic:" + data.topic() + "; value:" + data.value());

        Person person = JSONObject.parseObject(data.value(), Person.class);
        System.out.println("接收kafka消息 person:" + JSON.toJSONString(person));

        System.out.println("==============end==============");
    }
}

注：通过@KafkaListener(topics = {"topics1", "topics2", ...})配置监听多个topic

7.定时任务

7.1 springBoot创建定时任务方式：

在程序入口加上@EnableScheduling注解
在定时方法上加上@Scheduled注解

7.2 代码示例

@Component
public class ScheduledTask {

    /**上一次开始执行时间点之后3s再执行*/
    @Scheduled(fixedRate = 3000)
    public void scheduled() {
        System.out.println("currentTime: " + System.currentTimeMillis());
    }
}

注：@Scheduled注解说明

@Scheduled(fixedRate = 3000): 上一次开始执行时间点之后3s再执行
@Scheduled(fixedDelay = 3000): 上一次执行时间点完成之后3s再执行
@Scheduled(initialDelay=1000, fixedRate=3000) ：应用启动延迟1秒后执行，之后按fixedRate的规则每3秒执行一次
@Scheduled(cron = "0 42 14 * * ? ") ：通过cron表达式定义规则执行，该规则表示14点42分执行

8.springBoot集成JMS

8.1 配置pom依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

8.2 jms配置文件

#配置JMS
spring.mail.host=smtp.163.com
[email protected]
spring.mail.password=
spring.mail.port=25
spring.mail.protocol=smtp
spring.mail.default-encoding=UTF-8
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true

注：

qq邮箱需要删除spring.mail.port

qq邮箱spring.mail.password的值为qq邮箱提供的授权码

8.3 代码示例

@Service
public class MailServiceImpl implements MailService {

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSenderImpl sender;

    @Override
    public void sendEmail() throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = sender.createMimeMessage();
        //multipart模式
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true, "utf-8");
        helper.setTo(new String[]{"[email protected]"});//收件人
        helper.setFrom("[email protected]");//发件人
        helper.setSubject("SpringBoot测试邮件发送");

        StringBuilder sBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        sBuilder.append("<a href=\"www.baidu.com\">测试邮件</a>");

        //cid默认写法，imageId用于标识内嵌图片
        sBuilder.append("<img src=\"cid:imageId\"/>");

        FileSystemResource inlineImg = new FileSystemResource(new File("F:\\0001.jpg"));
        helper.addInline("imageId", inlineImg);//内嵌图片，设置imageId

        helper.setText(sBuilder.toString(), true);//开启html

        //设置附件
        FileSystemResource attachmentImg = new FileSystemResource(new File("F:\\0001.jpg"));
        helper.addAttachment("attachment.jpg", attachmentImg);

        sender.send(mimeMessage);//发送邮件
    }
}

9.springBoot集成dubbo接口

9.1 配置pom依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.5</version>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
    <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
    <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
    <version>0.9</version>
</dependency>

9.2 配置provider spring-dubbo-provider.xml

deploy-config.properties：

####配置dubbo provider####
#配置zookeeper
provider.registry.address=zookeeper:https://127.0.0.1:2181
provider.port=20881
#限制服务端接受的总连接数
provider.accepts=1000
#服务端的group
provider.service.group=spring-boot-dev
#服务端的版本
provider.service.version=1.0.0
#服务端的超时时间，单位：毫秒
provider.service.timeout=30000

spring-dubbo-provider.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="https://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xmlns:context="https://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd https://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo https://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd https://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:deploy-config.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>

    <dubbo:application name="spring-boot" owner="spring-boot" organization="spring-boot"/>
    <dubbo:registry address="${provider.registry.address}" protocol="zookeeper"/>
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="${provider.port}" serialization="hessian2" accepts="${provider.accepts}" accesslog="true"/>

    <dubbo:service interface="com.spring.boot.facade.PersonFacade" ref="personFacade"
                   group="${provider.service.group}" version="${provider.service.version}" timeout="${provider.service.timeout}"/>
</beans>

9.3 配置consumer spring-dubbo-consumer.xml

deploy-config.properties：

####配置dubbo consumer####
consumer.registry.address=127.0.0.1:2181
#服务端的group
consumer.service.group=spring-boot-dev
#服务端的版本
consumer.service.version=1.0.0

spring-dubbo-consumer.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="https://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xmlns:context="https://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd https://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo https://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd https://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.boot"/>
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:deploy-config.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>

    <dubbo:registry id="bootRegistry" address="${consumer.registry.address}" protocol="zookeeper" client="curator"  default="true"/>
</beans>

注：在程序入口(Application.java)加入@ImportResource({"classpath:spring-dubbo-provider.xml", "classpath:spring-dubbo-consumer.xml"})注解

异常解决

多module package异常问题解决方案：

在parent的pom.xml文件中增加如下代码：

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <mainClass>com.spring.boot.SpringBootWebApplication</mainClass>
                <layout>ZIP</layout>
            </configuration>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>repackage</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

在被依赖的子module中添加：

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <classifier>exec</classifier>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

10.springBoot集成log4j

10.1 排除springBoot的log jar包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    <!--排除spring-boot-starter-logging-->
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

10.2 增加log4j相关的jar包

<dependency>
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>

10.3 增加log4j配置文件

log4j.properties:

log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File

log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.Console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c] - %m%n

log4j.appender.File = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.File.File = logs/ssm.log
log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize = 10MB
log4j.appender.File.Threshold = ALL
log4j.appender.File.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern =[%p] [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%c]%m%n

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 8 Commits
spring-boot-dao		spring-boot-dao
spring-boot-facade		spring-boot-facade
spring-boot-service		spring-boot-service
spring-boot-web		spring-boot-web
README.md		README.md
pom.xml		pom.xml
springboot异常解决方案.md		springboot异常解决方案.md

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