FABLE can synthesize quantum circuits for approximate block-encodings of matrices. A block-encoding is the embedding of a matrix in the leading block of of a larger unitary matrix.

FABLE is a quantum representation for dense, unstructured matrices. The gate complexity of FABLE circuits scales linear in the number of matrix elements, which is optimal for the unstructured case. FABLE includes a circuit compression algorithm that can significantly reduce the gate complexity and works particularly well if there is certain structure available in the matrix to be block encoded.

We provide two reference implementations of the FABLE algorithm:

• a Python implementation built on top of Qiskit
• a MATLAB implementation built on top of QCLAB

FABLE can be installed from PyPI as follows:

pip install fable-circuits

After installation, it can be loaded and used as follows:

from fable import fable
import numpy as np
from qiskit import Aer
simulator = Aer.get_backend("unitary_simulator")


# generate a random matrix and block encode it
n = 3
N = 2**n
A = np.random.randn(N, N)
circ, alpha = fable(A, 0)
result = simulator.run(circ).result()
unitary = result.get_unitary(circ)
np.linalg.norm(alpha * N * unitary.data[0:N, 0:N] - A)/np.linalg.norm(A)

In order to run the MATLAB implementation of FABLE:

1. Install QCLAB
2. Clone FABLE and add fable-qclab directory to your MATLAB path.

After installation, FABLE can be run for a target matrix A as either:

logging = true ;
[circuit, OA, alpha, info] = fable( A, 'cutoff', 1e-4, logging ) ;
[circuit, OA, alpha, info] = fable( A, 'percentage', 80, logging ) ;

The first option ('cutoff') ignores coefficients smaller than 1e-4 in absolute value, the second option ('percentage') applies an 80% compression and only retains the 20% largest coefficients. The 'percentage' and logging options are only available in the MATLAB version of FABLE.

Cite the following reference for FABLE:

FABLE: Fast Approximate Quantum Circuits for Block-Encodings, Daan Camps, Roel Van Beeumen, 2022 2022 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE), arXiv:2205.00081.

• Daan Camps - [email protected]
• Roel Van Beeumen - [email protected]

FABLE Copyright (c) 2022, The Regents of the University of California, through Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (subject to receipt of any required approvals from the U.S. Dept. of Energy). All rights reserved.

If you have questions about your rights to use or distribute this software, please contact Berkeley Lab's Intellectual Property Office at [email protected].

NOTICE. This Software was developed under funding from the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Government consequently retains certain rights. As such, the U.S. Government has been granted for itself and others acting on its behalf a paid-up, nonexclusive, irrevocable, worldwide license in the Software to reproduce, distribute copies to the public, prepare derivative works, and perform publicly and display publicly, and to permit others to do so.